怎么用英语给初中生讲定语从句

Ⅰ 英语定语从句的讲解，详细一点再有点典型例句难一点，(九年级)

一.定语从句及相关术语
1.定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等；
关系副词有where, when, why等。
关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。
二.关系代词引导的定语从句
1.who指人，在从句中做主语
(1) the boys who are playing football are from class one.
(2) yesterday i helped an old man who lost his way.
2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。
(1) mr. liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.
(2) mr. ling is just the boy whom i want to see.
注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。
(3) the man who/whom you met just now is my friend.
3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略
(1) football is a game which is liked by most boys.
(2) this is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.
4. that指人时，相当于who 或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。
(5) the number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million.
(6) where is the man that/whom i saw this morning?
5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语
(1) he has a friend whose father is a doctor.
(2) i once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.
whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替
(3) the classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.
(4) the classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.
(5) do you like the book whose cover is yellow?
(6) do you like the book the color of which is yellow?
三.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导
(1) the school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous.
(2) the school in which he once studied is very famous.
(3) tomorrow i will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for.
(4) tomorrow i will bring here a magazine for which you asked.
(5) we'll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about.
(6) we'll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked.
注意：1. 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care of等
(1) this is the watch which/that i am looking for. (t)
(2) this is the watch for which i am looking. (f)
2. 若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者that；指物时用which，不能用that；关系代词是所有格时用whose
(1) the man with whom you talked is my friend. (t)
(2) the man who/that you talked with is my friend. (f)
(3) the plane in which we flew to canada is very comfortable. (t)
(4) the plane in that we flew in to canada is very comfortable. (f)
3.“介词+关系代词”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代词或者数词
(1) he loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.
(2) in the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad.
(3) there are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities.
解答"介词+关系代词 "类型的定语从句题时，关键在于分析定语从句中的谓语动词（该动词是不及物动词）习惯上常与什么介词搭配使用。这就需要同学们在平时学习时要注重某些不及物动词和介词惯用的情形，并要灵活运用。例如：
in the dark street, there wasn't a single person ________ she could turn for help.
a. that b. who c. from whom d. to whom
简析:本题定语从句中的turn 与介词 to 构成固定短语"turn to sb. for help (向某人求助）"。所以，d是正确选项。

四．关系副词引导的定语从句
1. when指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语
(1) i still remember the day when i first came to the school.
(2) the time when we got together finally came.
2. where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语
(1) shanghai is the city where i was born.
(2) the house where i lived ten years ago has been pulled down.
3. why指原因，在定语从句中做原因状语
(1) please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.
(2) i don't know the reason why he looks unhappy today.
注意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换
(1) the reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear,
(2) from the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up.
(3) great changes have taken place in the city in which/where i was born.
关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用，例如：
there are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。
beijing is the place where (in which) i was born. 北京是我的出生地。
is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？
五．限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句

限制性定语从句举例：
(1) the teacher told me that tom was the only person that i could depend on.
(2) china is a country which has a long history.
非限制性定语从句举例：
(1) his mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him.
(2) china, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful.
要注意区分以下几个句子的不同
(1) his brother who is now a doctor always encourages him to go to college.
他那当医生的哥哥常鼓励他要考上大学。（他还有其他的哥哥）
(2) his brother, who is now a doctor, always encourages him to go to college.
他的哥哥是当医生的，常鼓励他要考上大学。（他只有一个哥哥）
难点分析
（一）限制性定语从句只能用that 的几种情况
1．当先行词是anything, everything, nothing (something 除外), few, all, none, little, some 等代词时，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much 等修饰时
(1) have you taken down everything that mr. li has said?
(2) there seems to be nothing that seems impossible for him in the world.
(3) all that can be done has been done.
(4) there is little that i can do for you.
注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用who
(4) any man that/.who has a sense of ty won't do such a thing.
2. 当先行词被序数词修饰
(1) the first place that they visited in london was the big ben.
3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时
(1) this is the best film that i have seen.
4. 当形容词被the very, the only修饰时
(1) this is the very dictionary that i want to buy,
(2) after the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owned.
当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用who
(3) wang hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting/
5. 当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时
(1) who is the man that is standing there?
(2) which is the t-shirt that fits me most?
6. 当先行词既有人，也有动物或者物体时
(1) can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned?
（二）关系代词as和which 引导的定语从句
as和which引导非限制性定语从句，有相同之处也有不同之处。具体情况是：
1．as和which都可以在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，代表前面整个句子。
(1) he married her, as/which was natural.
(2) he was honest, as/which we can see.
2. as引导非限制性定语从句，可放在主句之前，或者主句之后，甚至可以切割一个主句；which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。另外，as有“正如……，正像……”的意思
(1) as is known to all, china is a developing country.
(2) he is from the south, as we can see from his accent.
(3) john, as you know, is a famous writer.
(4) he has been to paris more than several times, which i don't believe.
注意：当主句和从句存在逻辑上的因果关系时，常用which
(5) tom was always late for school, which made his teacher angry.
3. 当先行次受such, the same修饰时，常用as
(1) i have never heard such a story as he tells.
(2) he is not such a fool as he looks.
(3) this is the same book as i lost last week.
注意：当先行次由the same修饰时，偶尔也用that引导定语从句，但是和由as 所引导的定语从句意思不同
(4) she wore the same dress that she wore at mary's wedding.
她穿着她在mary婚礼上穿过的一条裙子。
(5) she wore the same dress as her young sister wore.
她穿着和她妹妹所穿的一样的裙子。
（三）以the way为先行词的定语从句通常由in which, that引导，而且通常可以省略。
(1) the way in which/ that/./ he answered the question was surprising.

Ⅱ 初中英语 定语从句

初中英语 定语从句篇一

定语是用来限定、修饰名词或代词的。下面就是老师为同学们带来的对定语从句的详细讲解，供同学们学习的参考。

知识点总结

要学定语从句，得知道什么是定语。定语是用来限定、修饰名词或代词的。例如，a good book, good就是定语。那么复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句就叫做定语从句。定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导，相当于形容词，在句中作定语。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose等，绝对没有what；关系副词有where, when, why,how等。关系词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的某个成分。

一、关系代词引导的定语从句

1、由who, whom, that，Whose引导的从句

这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，who作主语指人，whom作宾语指人，that既可作主语又可作宾语（作宾语可以省略），可以指人也可以指物。Whose 用来指人或物，只用作定语。

(1) Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他是那个想见你的男人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）

(2) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）

(3) The man whom you spoke to just now is our English teacher 你刚刚说话的那个男人是我们的英语老师

(4) he man whose son is a doctor is our professor. 那个儿子是医生的男人是我们的教授。

2、由which, that引导的从句

它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，作宾语时可以省略，例如：

(1) Prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在从句中作主语）

(2) The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿那个包裹快要散开了。(which / that在从句中作宾语）

注意： 代表物时多用which，但在下列情况中用that而不用which：

a)先行词是anything, everything, nothing , none等不定代词时；

b)先行词由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时，这时的that常被省略；

c)先行词前有序数词或被形容词最高级修饰时；

d)先行词中既有人又有物时；

e)整个句中前面已有which，who,that时；

f)当先行词为物并作表语时；

g)先行词为one时；

h)先行词同时又被the only,the very,the same修饰时；

二、关系副词引导的定语从句

1、when指时间在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用 I still remember the day when I first came to the school.

2、where指地点在定语从句中做地点状语 Shanghai is the city where I was born.

3、why指原因在定语从句中做原因状语 ，用在reason 后面。 Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.

常见考法

对于定语从句的考查，多以单选的形式考查学生灵活运用的能力。一般情况下，常从关系词的意义和功能的角度考查，重点是that,which,who引导的定语从句。

典型例题：You're the only person ______I've ever met ______could do it.

A. who B. whom C. whom D. who

解析：先行词person后有两个定语从句,第一个从句省略了关系代词whom.因为, whom作从句中met的宾语,可以省略.第二个从句who could do it.who在从句中作主语,不可省略.

答案：D

误区提醒

当表示时间或地点的名词作先行词时，要判断出它们在从句中作状语还是主语或宾语。作状语时用关系副词，反之用关系代词。

典型例题：I can never forget the day _______ we worked together and the day ______ we spent together.

A. when; which B. which; when C. what; that D. on which; when

解析：. 两个先行词the day都是表示时间的名词,但第一个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作状语,因此要用关系副词when. 第二个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作动词spent的宾语,因此要用关系代词which或that来引导定语从句.

答案：A

上述是对定语从句的详细讲解，有不懂得可以参考等更多相关知识的学习！

初中英语语法大全：动词的种类

关于英语中动词的种类知识，希望同学们很好的掌握下面的内容学习。

动词的种类

动词是表示动作或状态的词，按其词义和在句子中的作用可分为行为动词，连系动词，助动词和情态动词。

1．行为动词

行为动词可分为及物动词 (vt)和不及物动词(vi)，及物动词表示动作或状态，有完整的词义，能单独作谓语，后跟宾语；不及物动词表示动作或状态，有完整的词义，能单独作谓语，但后面不能直接跟宾语，如要带宾语则与介词或副词构成短语。

如：

More and more people study English.(vt)

The students are listening to the teacher carefully.(vi)

2．连系动词

连系动词本身有一定的词义，但不能独立作谓语，必须与表语一起构成谓语。常用的连系动词有 be, get, turn, become, look, feel, grow, seem, sound, taste, smell等。

如：

Our country is becoming stronger and stronger.

It feels damp.

3．助动词

助动词本身无词义，不能单独作谓语，只能和主要动词一起构成谓语动词，表示否定，疑问及动词的时态、语态、人称和数等语法特征，助动词有 be,do,have,shall,will等。

如：

How do you usually come to school?

The children are playing yo-yo now.

4．情态动词

情态动词本身有一定的意义，但不能独立作谓语，只能和主要动词原形一起构成谓语，表示说话人的语气和情态。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。情态动词有 can (could),may(might),must, need, ought to, dare等。

如：

Can I help you?

- Must we go now? -No, you needn't .

a. can与be able to的用法有所区别。can只用于一般现在时和过去时，指本身有能力的"能"；be able to用于各种时态均可，指须经过努力而"能"。

b. must与have/has to的用法。must表示说话人主观认为"必须"，只用于一般现在时和一般将来时；have/has to表示客观需要，意为"不得不"，它可用于各种时态。

c．need和dare既可作情态动词也可作行为动词。

以上对动词的种类知识的内容讲解学习，相信同学们已经能很好的掌握了吧，希望同学们在考试中取得很好的成绩。

初中英语语法大全：动词不定式的形式

对于英语的学习中，关于动词不定式的形式知识点的内容，我们做下面的讲解学习哦。

动词不定式的形式

1．作主语。 如：

To learn English is very important.

但实际上不定式作主语常用 it来作形式主语，而将不定式移至谓语动词后作真正的主语。

如上句可表达为：

It's very important to learn English.

2．作表语。 如：

My idea is to ring him up at once.

3．作宾语。 如：

I have decided to go to Binjiang Primary School.

4．作宾语补足语。

a. ask, want, teach, tell, know, would like, allow等动词后面接动词不定式作宾语补足语。

如： The policemen asked him to get off the bus.

b. hear, see, look at, feel, watch, notice, listen to等动词后接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。

如： We often see Miss Li clean the classroom.

c. let, make, have这些使役动词后接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。但在被动语态中这些不带to的都须带上to。

如： In those days the bosses often made the workers work day and night.

d.动词help接动词不定式作宾语补足语，可带to也可不带to。

如： Can you help me (to) carry the heavy bag?

5．作定语。

a.与被修饰词有动宾关系。如：I have something important to tell you.但如果不定式动词为不及物动词，后面的介词千万不要省略。

如： Maybe they have three rooms to live in.

b.与被修饰词有主谓关系。

如： Mr Liang is always the first to come and the last to leave.

c.与被修饰之间只有修饰关系。

如： I have no time to play cards.

6．作状语，表示目的、原因、方法、方向、结果等。

如： I'll go to meet my friend at the railway station.

7．不定式复合结构"for sb. to do sth" 作主语时，常用"It is +adj+ for

of sb. to do sth"的句式。形容词good, bad, polite, unkind, kind, ice, clever,

right, wrong, careful等用"It is +adj +of sb. to do sth."

其他形容词用 for。

如：

It's dangerous for you to ride so fast.

It's very kind of you to help me.

8．动词不定式与疑问句who, what, which, when, how, where, whether等连用。

如： I don't know when to start.

He didn't tell me where to go.

但上面结构相当于一个从句，故上述句子也可表达为：

I don't know when we'll start.

He didn't tell me where he would go.

注意：

a.有些动词或动词短语不能带不定式，只能接动词的-ing形式。

如： enjoy, finish, keep, mind, miss(错过),be busy, go on, keep on, be worth, practise等。

如： The peasants are busy picking apples.

Would you mind my opening the door?

b.有些动词后可接不定式，也可接动词的.-ing形式，但意思不同。

如： Lu Jian forgot to post the letter.(该寄但还没做)

Lu Jian forgot posting the letter.(已经寄过信了)

They stopped to sing a song.(停止在做的工作而去做另一件工作)

They stopped singing.(停止正在做的工作)

希望上面对动词不定式的形式知识的内容讲解学习，同学们都能很好的掌握，相信同学们会取得很好的成绩的哦。

初中英语语法大全：短语动词的四种类型

同学们认真学习，下面是老师对短语动词的四种类型知识总结。

短语动词的四种类型

动词与介词、副词等构成的固定短语，叫短语动词。主要有四类：

一、动词+副词

有的一般不跟宾语，如go ahead, fall behind, get up, lie down, go up, run out, give in, stay up等；有的可以跟宾语，如put out, carry out, give up, wake up, check in, eat up, fill in, find out, fix up, hand in, mix up, look up, make out, turn down, work out等。

注意：宾语是名词时，放在副词前面或后面都可以，但若作宾语的是人称代词时，就只能放在动词和副词之间了。如：

We’ve decided to put the meeting off (=put off the meeting) . 我们决定把会议推迟。

We’ve decided to put it off. 我们决定将它推迟。(不说put off it)

二、动词+介词

如ask for, care for, call for, break into, deal with, call on, look for等。后面必须接宾语。如：

I don’t care for tea. 我不喜欢喝茶。

三、动词+副词+介词

如look forward to, put up with, looked up to, go in for, go along with, date back to, look down on, keep up with, add up to, run out of等。如：

She soon caught up with us. 她很快赶上了我们。

四、动词+名词+介词

如take care of, pay attention to, make use of, make contribution to做出贡献等。如：

Take care of your brother while I am away. 我不在的时候，你要照顾好你弟弟。

希望上面老师对短语动词的四种类型知识的讲解学习，同学们都能很好的掌握，相信同学们会学习的很好的哦。

初中英语语法大全：及物动词与不及物动词

关于英语中及物动词与不及物动词的知识学习，我们做下面的内容讲解。

及物动词与不及物动词

根据其后是否带宾语，动词可分为及物动词(带宾语)和不及物动词(不带宾语)。如：

When will he arrive? 他什么时候到？(arrive 不带宾语，为不及物动词)

He reached Beijing yesterday. 他昨天到达北京。(reach 带了宾语，为及物动词)

有的动词既可用作及物动词也可用作不及物动词：

The child is playing. 这小孩在玩。（不及物用法）

The child is playing the piano. 这小孩在弹钢琴。（及物用法）

He is writing. 他在写字。（不及物用法）

He is writing a letter. 他在写信。（及物用法）

The boy is reading. 这男孩在阅读。 （不及物用法）

The boy is reading a magazine. 这男孩在看杂志。（及物用法）

上面对及物动词与不及物动词知识的内容讲解学习，希望给同学们的学习很好的帮助，相信同学们会学习的更好的吧。

初中英语语法大全：实义动词与非实义动词

下面是对英语中实义动词与非实义动词知识的内容讲解，希望同学们很好的掌握。

实义动词与非实义动词

根据其含义和句子功用，动词可分为实义动词和非实义动词(包括时态助动词和情态助动词等)。如：

He bought a story book. 他买了一本故事书。(buy 为实义动词)

He has read the story book. 他已读过这本故事书。(has 为时态助动词，read为实意动词)

He should read the story book. 他应该读读这本故事书。(should 为情态助动词,red为实义动词)

初中英语 定语从句篇二

一 . 误用关系词

1. I'll never forget the days when we spent together on the farm.

2. This is the factory where he was invited to visit last month.

分析：定语从句的先行词是表示时间或地点的名词或代词时，引导定语从句的关系词不一定都是 when 或 where 。关系词的选择主要取决于定语从句中的谓语动词。如果从句的谓语动词是及物动词而且其后没有宾语，就用关系代词 that 或 which 作宾语。如果从句的谓语动词是不及物动词或者是后面已经有了宾语的及物动词，就用关系副词。在句 1 和句 2 中，从句谓语动词 spent 和 visit 都是及物动词，而且后面又没有宾语，所以应分别将 when 和 where 改为 that 或 which 。

二 . 宾语重复

1. As we all know it, the earth is round.

2. The manager discussed the plan that they would like to see it carried out the next month.

分析：如果关系代词在从句中作宾语，则谓语动词后面就不能再有宾语。在句 1 中，关系代词 as 作从句谓语动词 know 的宾语，因此， it 就是多余的，应去掉。在句 2 中，关系代词 that 在从句中作动词 see 的宾语，因此 it 也是多余的，应去掉。

三 . 缺少先行词或关系词

1. Is this park where his father works?

Ⅲ 初中英语语法定语从句专项讲解与训练

这篇关于初中英语语法定语从句专项讲解与仿尺吵训练，是 特地为大家整理的，希望对大家有所帮助！

一、定语从句概念
定语从句（attributive clause），顾名思义，就是一个句子作定语从属于主句。定语一般是由形容词充当，所以定语从句又称作形容词从句。另外，定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的，故又称作关系从句。
定语从句一般放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后，这种名词或代词被称作先行词。请看示例：
The woman who lives next door is a teacher.
先行词 定语从句
在所有的从句中，算定语从句最难掌握，因为汉语里没有定语从句，汉语里只有定语，而且总是放在名词之前来修饰名词。

二、关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词代替前面的先备侍行词，并且在定语从句中充当句子成分，可以作主语、宾语、定语等。常见的关系代词有：who, that, which。它们的主格、宾格和所有格如下表所示：
格
先行词 主格 宾格 所有格
人 who whom whose
物 which which
whose
of which
人、物 that that —

（一）关系代词who, whom和 whose的用法
who代替人，是主格，在定语从句中作主语困稿。例如：
An architect is a person who designs buildings. 建筑师是设计房屋的人。
I will never forget the teacher who taught us chemistry in the first year of my senior middle school. 我将永远不会忘记在高一时教我们化学的那位老师。
Anyone who wants to apply for this job must send us the resume by email first. 想应聘这个职位的任何人都必须先通过电子邮件向我们发送简历。
whom代替人，是宾格，在定语从句作宾语，在非正式英语常可省略。例如：
Do you know the gentleman whom we met in the school library yesterday? 昨天我们在学校图书馆里遇到的那位先生你认识吗？
This is the student whom my father taught ten years ago. 这是我爸爸十年前教的学生。
The girl who I saw is called Mary. 我见到的那个女孩名叫玛丽。（在非正式英语中，主格who代替了宾格whom，亦可省略）
whose一般代替人，有时亦可代替物，是所有格，在定语从句作定语。例如：
The girl student whose father is a senior engineer used to study abroad. 其父是一位高级工程师的那个女学生过去在国外留学。
Do you know the name of the hotel whose window we can see here? 我们这儿能看到窗户的那个宾馆叫什么名字，你知道吗？（关系代词whose指代先行词hotel，正式用法应该用of which。whose window=the window of which，意思是：the window of the hotel。）

（二）关系代词which的用法
which代替物，在定语从句作主语或宾语，作宾语时还可省略。例如：
I do not like stories which have unhappy endings.
我不喜欢有不幸结局的小说。（which可以换成that）
Tom works for a factory which makes watches.
汤姆在一个制表厂工作。（which可以换成that）
（三）关系代词that的用法
that既可指人又可指物，在当代英语中大多指物，在定语从句作主语或宾语，作宾语时还可省略。例如：
Is she the girl that sells newspapers?
她是卖报纸的那个女孩吗？（that可以换成who）
Where is the ice-cream that was in the fridge?
放在冰箱的冰激凌哪儿去了？（that可以换成which）
Is this the book that you want to buy?
这是你要买的那本书吗？ （that可以换成which，在定语从句作宾语，还可以省略）

三、关系副词引导的定语从句
常用的关系副词只有三个：when, where, why，在定语从句中充当时间、地点和原因状语。它们的用法大家不妨记住一个口诀：
the time when
the place where
the reason why
（一）关系副词when的用法
关系副词when代替的先行词表示的是时间，when在定语从句作时间状语。例如：
In Beijing July and August are the months when it rains very often.
北京的七月和八月是常下雨的月份。（when先行词是months）
Do you remember the day when we first went to the Summer Palace?
你还记得我们第一次去颐和园的那一天吗？（when先行词是day， 当代英语里when可以用that替代，这时关系代词that就变成了表示时间的关系副词）
I haven’t seen her since the year when I left Tokyo.
自从我离开东京的那一年我就一直没见到过她。（when先行词是year，同样when可以用that代替）

（二）关系副词where的用法
关系副词where代替的先行词表示的是地点，where在定语从句作地点状语。例如：
During the Spring Festival I went back to the town where I was brought up.
春节期间，我回到了生我养我的家乡。（where的先行词是town）
This is the place where Li Bai once lived.
这是李白曾经生活过的地方。（where先行词是place）
上面这个句子不可以将where改为that，因为that不能作为表示地点的关系副词。试比较下句：
This is the place that Li Bai once visited.
这是李白曾经游览过的地方。（that的先行词同样是place，但这个that是关系代词，在定语从句中作宾语，可以省略，还可以用which替换）

（三）关系副词why的用法
关系副词why代替的先行词表示的是原因，why在定语从句作原因状语。例如：
The reason why I am phoning you is to ask you whether you have got my email.
我打电话给你的原因是想问问你是否收到了我的电子邮件。（why先行词是reason， 当代英语里why可以用that替代，这时关系代词that就变成了表示原因的关系副词，还可以将why省略）
This is the reason why he came late to school.
这就是他为什么上学迟到的原因。（why先行词是reason，why可以用that替代，还可以省略）
注意：如果上面的句子将the reason省略，那么这个句子就变成了（This is why he came late to school. ）表语从句，句子意思丝毫未变。

四、特殊关系代词as引导的定语从句
as是个比较特殊的关系代词，一是用在某些句型搭配里，二是独立于主句之外。下面分别讲解。
（一）在固定搭配as…as, so…as, such…as, the same…as中，as引导定语从句
You may take as many books as you want.
你想要拿多少书就拿多少。（第一个as是副词，修饰many的；第二个as才是关系代词，代替先行词books，在定语从句中作宾语）
I have got such a computer as yours.
我有一台你这样的电脑。（as是关系代词，代替先行词computer，在定语从句中作表语，因为yours后省略了is ）
I have never seen so beautiful a place as Guilin.
我从未见过像桂林那样美丽的地方。（as是关系代词，代替先行词place，在定语从句中作表语，因为Guilin后省略了is ）

（二）独立于主句之外，as引导定语从句
As we know,
the earth turns around the sun. 正如我们所知，地球围绕太阳旋转。
As is known to us,
（As we know和 As is known to us均为定语从句，as分别作宾语和主语，替代后面的主句。）
Taiwan is, as you know, is an inseparable part of China.
你知道，台湾是中国不可分割的一部分。（关系代词as指代整个主句，在定语从句中作宾语。）

五、关系代词who, which与that的区别
（一）关系代词who与that的区别
1. 当关系代词用作主语时，多用主格who。例如：
He who loses hope loses all.
失去希望的人就失去一切。（先行词为代词he, they, any, all, one等时，多用who）
I met Alice, who told me that she was learning Chinese.
我遇见艾丽斯，她告诉我她在学汉语。（在非限制性定语从句中，用who）
2. 当关系代词用作介词后的宾语时，用宾格whom，不用that。例如：
The man to whom our headmaster talked just now is our English teacher.
我们校长刚才与他谈话的那个人是我们的英语老师。（介词与关系代词紧密相连时，只能用宾格whom，不可用主格who）
注意：介词与关系代词不是紧密相连时，或者说介词放在句子后面时，这时可以用主格who，也可用that，还可以省略关系代词。因此，上面的这句话还可以有如下四种说法：
(1) The man whom our headmaster talked to just now is our English teacher.
(2) The man who our headmaster talked to just now is our English teacher.
(3) The man that our headmaster talked to just now is our English teacher.
(4) The man our headmaster talked to just now is our English teacher.
第4句简洁、自然，所以口语中用得最多。
3. 当关系代词泛指人时，多用that。例如：
He is a man that is never afraid of failure.
他是个从不怕失败的人。（that用来泛指人）
4. 当关系代词出现在who开头的疑问句时，应用that。例如：
Who is the girl that is talking to Tom in English?
用英语同汤姆交谈的那个女孩是谁？（避免重复使用who，以免造成误解或语义含混不清）

（二）关系代词which与that的区别
1. 当先行词为all, much, little以及不定代词anything, something, everything等时，关系代词多用that。例如：
All that glitters is not gold. 闪闪发光物，未必尽黄金。
She told me everything that she knew. 她把她所知道的一切都告诉了我。
2. 当先行词的前面有形容词级、序数词或限定词the only, the very, all, every, any, no等时，关系代词一般都用that。例如：
This is the best novel that I have ever read. 这是我读过的的一部小说。
He is the only person that has been invited to the ball. 他是惟一应邀参加舞会的人。
3. 当关系代词出现在which开头的疑问句时，应用that。例如：
Which was the hotel that was recommended to the foreign guest? 哪一个是推荐给外宾的宾馆？（这里使用that很明显是为了避免重复which）
4. 在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词一般只用which。例如：
Beijing, which is the capital of the People’s Republic of China, will host the 2008 Olympic Games. 北京是中华人民共和国的首都，将主办2008年奥运会。
5. 介词后的关系代词用which，而不用that。例如：
She has collected 600 stamps, 60% of which are German stamps. 她收集了600张邮票，其中60％是德国邮票。

六、定语从句的位置
如前所述，定语从句一般总是直接置于所修饰的名词或代词之后。有时候，定语从句与先行词之间插入了其他的短语，这样它们被分隔了，这种情况下的定语从句被称作隔离定语从句。例如：
There was a girl upstairs who was shouting and crying, obviously mad.
楼上有一个女孩，大喊大叫。很明显，她疯了。（定语从句who was shouting and crying修饰the girl，被upstairs所隔开）
A new master will come tomorrow who will teach you German.
明天要来一位新老师教你们德语了。（定语从句置于句末以示强调）

Ⅳ 初中英语定语从句讲解

定语从句即用句子来做定语，被修饰或被限制的词称作先行词，例如
1.I don't know the girl who is talking there.
2.I don't know the girl who you met just now.
3.Give me the book that you read just now.
4.Give me the book ,which you read just now.
5.Give me the pen that you write with.
6.Give me the pen with which you write .
仔细看句子专中的book 和pen就是先行词，他们后面属的who that which 就是引导定语从句的关系代词，当先行词是人用who,先行词是物用that,先行词后出现介词或逗号用which.
这是一种捷径，细节问题找本语法书慢慢学。