大学英语图表说明文怎么写
想要写好英语四级作文，背一些作文模板是很重要的，下面我为大家带来了图表类作文的四级作文模板，希望能够帮助到大家。
(1)英语四级作文模板
According to the chart / graph / diagram / table, we clearly learn that _________. As early as _________,___________. Then,_________. Last,__________. In contrast, by _________,__________.
There are many reasons accounting for _________. Firstly, _________.Secondly,__________. Finally,_________. As a result,_________.
As far as I am concerned,_________. For one thing,__________. For another,________. In brief, I hold that__________.
(2)英语四级作文模板
What is shown in the chart / graph / diagram / table above indicates that in recent years, more and more people pay attention to _________. The number of those who _________ has increased ________, and furthermore,____________.
There are two factors responsible for the changes. In the first place,_________. Moreover,__________. Yet, it is noticeable that __________.
From the analysis, we can safely draw the conclusion that__________. It is possible that in the future, the tendency will__________.
(3)英语四级作文模板
It is obvious in the graph/table that the rate/number/amount of Y has undergone dramatic changes. It has gone up/grown/fallen/dropped considerably in recent years (as X varies). At the point of (接近)X1, Y reaches its peak value of (多少).
What is the reason for this change? Mainly there are (多少) reasons behind the situation reflected in the graphic/table. First of all, (第一个原因). More importantly, (第二个原因). Most important of all, (第三个原因).
From the above discussions, we have enough reason to predict what will happen in the near future. The trend described in the graph/table will continue for quite a long time (if necessary measures are not taken括号里的`使用于那些不太好的变化趋势).
⑵ 英语说明文的结构与写法
英语说明文的结构与写法如下：
英语说明文结构可分为三个部分第一部分是文章的第一段，提出文章的主题，也就是说文章想要说明的主要内容；第二部分是文章的主体，可由若干个段落组成，对文章的主题进行展开说明；第三部分是结尾段，对文章的主题作归纳总结。
英语说明文写法：1.罗列法(listing)在文章开始时提出需要说明的东西和观点，然后常用first, second, ..and finally加以罗列说明。2.举例法(examples)举例法是用具体的例子来说明我们要表达的意思，常用for example，for instance，still another example is.. 等词语引出。3.比较法(comparison and contrast)比较法是对两个对象进行比较，从而进行说明的写作手法。比较法又可细分为比较相同点(comparison)和比较不同点(contrast)两种方法。
英语说明文中心句举例：1、Consumer goods may be divided into stable goods,日用品convenience goods, and emergency goods.2、Each year, people in the United States look forward to various hol idays to commemorate a patriotic, political, or religious event of the past.
英语说明文标题举例：1、Various Kinds ofI ectures2、Different Intentions Attending Sports3、Different English I earners
⑶ 英语说明文的写作方法
1 .定义法（definition）
定义法也是英语说明文中常用的写作手法，特别是在对具体事物概念进行说明时经常使用。定义法的基本要素是定义句。英语中常见定义句的模式是：
被定义对象is所属类别+限制性定语
可以看出，定义句中限制性定语越详细，定义就越精确，比如：
A bat is a small mouse-like animal that flies at night and feeds on（以……为食品）fruit and insects but is not a bird.
其实，在英—英词典中，对英语单词的英文解释就是定义法的典型例子。比如，看看Longman词典对student和teacher的定义是很有意思的：A student is a person who is studying at a place of ecation or training. A teacher is a person who gives knowledge or skill to sb. as a profession（专业）。
2.顺序法（sequence of time，space and process）
顺序法是指按时间、空间或过程的`顺序进行说明的一种写作手法。比如按照时间顺序介绍一个科学家的生平，用空间顺序阐述逐渐开发西部的重要意义，用过程顺序法解释葡萄酒的生产过程等等。
下面这篇学生作文就是用顺序法写成的：
Coal
Coal underwent（经受）many changes before it became the bright，brittle（脆的），black substance which we now use. During ancient times（在上古时代），when the earth enjoyed a very warm and wet climate，the land was covered with large forests and big plants. As time went on，the ground changed and began to sink（下沉）a little. These very large numbers of trees and vegetables received a deposit（沉淀）of sand and clay. This layer of sand and clay pressed upon the layer beneath and prevented it from contact with air. These trees and plants received the pres sure and changed its appearance.
Generations after generations（几世纪后），as the ground kept graally sinking，another layer of sand and clay was again deposited（积聚）above the layers already formed. A great pressure was thus exerted（作用）and the peat（泥煤）was changed into the black and brittle substance which is known as coal.
Coal is a kind of mineral which is formed by nature as above stated. It is an important instrial material and is chiefly used as fuel. It is very valuable in the instrial world. The place where coal deposit is called a coal mine（煤矿）。 In China，coal mines are largely found in the north-west part of the country. Shanxi is a famous province for procing coal. It has the most coal of China.
3.分类法（classification）
分类法是将写作对象进行分类说明的一种写作手法。比如：著名的英国哲学家弗朗西斯·培根（Francis Bacon）在其脍炙人口的《谈读书》（Of Studies）一文中就用到了分类法：
Some books are to be tasted，others to be swallowed，and some few to be chewed and digested，that is，some books are to be read only in parts，others to be read，but not curiously，and some few to be read wholly，and with diligence and attention. Some books also may be read by deputy，and extracts made of them by others； but that would be only in the less important arguments，and the meaner sort of books…
参考译文：书有可浅尝者，有可吞食者，少数则须咀嚼消化。换言之，有只须读其部分者，有只须大体涉猎者，少数则须全读，读时须全神贯注，孜孜不倦。书亦可请人代读，取其所需摘要，但只限题材较次或价值不高者……
——转摘自《英汉翻译教程》（张培基等）
可见，如果能够根据具体情况，选用合适的写作手法，就可为文章增添无穷的魅力。
除了上述提到的6种展开英语说明文主题的写作方法之外，还有因果法、归纳法等其他方法。但相比之下，对于中学生来说，上述6种方法是首先值得掌握的。另外必须指出的是：在一篇文章中往往是以一种写作手法为主，同时辅以其他写作手法。有时，甚至会几种写作手法混用而不分主次。因此，必须根据具体情况，选用合适的展开主题的写作手法，才能写出优秀的英语说明文。
⑷ 英语图表作文怎么写
提纲图表式作文属于控制性写作的范畴。它控制性强，便于评分。考生应仔细分析图表，引证典型数据并按提纲要求进行取材与构思。
例：Title: Changes in people's diet。State the changes in people's diet in the past five years. Give possible reasons for the changes。Study the following table carefully and your composition must be based on the information given in the table。
图表作文也是四(六)级考试中常见，而且被认为是一种较难的作文形式。图表作文就是把非文字信息(通常为各种图表表示的数字信息等)转换成文字信息的一种作文。它要求我们用文字来描述非文字性的图表或对图表显示的关系作解释说明。下面我们先来看一看图表作文的类型。
辅音
（注：多数辅音的读音与拼音差别不大，可以通过拼音来进行谐音；还有一部分辅音没有对应的拼音字体，这里我们主要是针对/θ ð ʃ ʒ/这四个辅音）其中，/θ/和/ð/这两个音标，它们并没有相近似的拼音来对应，主要是靠嘴形来记忆。
/θ/――上下牙齿咬着舌头尖，发“斯"的音；/ð/――舌头顶上牙堂发拼音z一声；/ʃ/――师；/ʒ/――牙齿闭合，舌头虚碰牙齿发拼音r一声。
⑸ 英语说明文的结构与写法
一、英语说明文的结构
对于事理说明文：首先是说明顺序要合理，其次是说明方法要灵活，然后是说明知识要准确，说明语言要严谨。
对于事物说明文：（1）介绍产品时，可以从其外形、颜色和功能等方面进行说明。在说明过程中，可借助细节描述法使介绍内容更清晰丰满；（2）介绍建筑物时，首先要点明它的功用，然后按照空间顺序或参观的顺序来介绍。
⑹ 英语图表作文怎么写啊
提纲图表式作文属于控制性写作的范畴。它控制性强，便于评分。考生应仔细分析图表，引证典型数据并按提纲要求进行取材与构思。
例：Title: Changes in people's diet
Outline:1. State the changes in people's diet in the past five years.
2. Give possible reasons for the changes.
3. Draw your own conclusions.
Study the following table carefully and your composition must be based on the information given in the table. You should quote as few figures as possible.
Year
Food 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
Grain 53% 47% 42.5% 40% 34%
Milk 10% 11% 11% 12% 13%
Meat 17% 20% 22.5% 23% 26%
(Fruit 20% 22% 24% 25% 27%
and Vegetables)
Total 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
In the past five years, there have been remarkable changes in people’s diet. According to the figures given in the table, grain, which used to be the main food for most of the Chinese people, has now become less important. By contrast, the consumption of milk and meat has considerably increased, accounting for 13% and 26% of the total respectively in 2001. In the same way, the demand for fruit and vegetables has been on the rise.
What caused these changes? I think there are at least two reasons. In the first place, with the implementation of the reform and opening-up policy, great changes have taken place in all the branches of our national economy. The rapid growth in instrial and agricultural proction has inevitably brought about a sharp rise in living standard. People now can afford a diet higher in protein and lower in carbon-hydrates. That is why the consumption of milk and meat has remarkably increased in the city and in the country. Secondly, more attention is now paid to the balanced diet, which is necessary for good health. As a consequence, vegetables and fruit that are rich in vitamins have been in ever-rising demand.
In conclusion, with the change in people’s diet the consumption of fruit, vegetables, milk and meat will graally increase, while that of grain will continue to decline.
⑺ 英语说明文怎么写
英语说明文怎么写如下：
就“说明对象”而言，英语说明文可分为对“客观具体事物”的说明和对“主观抽象观念”的说明两大类。
相关如下
对中学生来说，在汉语说明文的教学中似乎比较侧重前者，即解释客观具体事物的说明文。但在英语说明文中，阐述和说明 “主观抽象观念”的说明文占了很大的比重，其中有些类似汉语中的议论文。
但是无论是对“客观具体事物”的说明还是对“主观抽象观念”的阐述，英语说明文从结构上看大致可分为三个部分：第一部分一般是文章的第一段，提出文章的主题，也就是说，文章想要阐述、说明的主要内容；第二部分是文章的主体，可由若干个段落组成，对文章的主题进行展开说明；第三部分是结尾段，对文章的主题作归纳总结。
从英语说明文的结构可以看出，要写好英语说明文的关键在于第二部分如何对文章主题进行展开说明。
⑻ 读写作文英语有文字图表
1. 帮我写一篇英语作文,要求按照图片的文字,
I Learn English Like This
我是这样学习英语的
We know it is difficult to learn English.My English is very good. I learn English like this.
我们知道英语学起来很困难。我的英语不错，我是这样学英语的：
I Listen to the teacher carefully and write the important points down on my notebooks.After class I revise the lessons.Before class I prepare new lessons to find out the questions. Then I will listen carefully in class.
上课认真听讲，把重点内容都记在笔记本上。课下复习这些功课。课前预习新功课，找出问题，然后在课上认真听。
I also listen to the tape, and speak English with my clas *** ates in the classroom and on the playground. It's to improve my listening and speaking.
我也听磁带，并且在教室里、操场上和同学讲英语，这样提高了我的听力和口语。
I keep a diary every day to practise my written English.
我每天坚持记日记以练习我的写作。
Besides this, I often read English newspapers and magazines to enrich my knowledge on English culture.
除此之外，我经常阅读英语报纸和杂志，以扩大我的英语文化知识。
We will learn English well so long as we learn it hard.
只要我们用心去学，我们会学好英语的。
I Learn English Like This
我是这样学习英语的
English is very important for us. Everyone wants to learn it well.My English is very good. How do I learn English?
英语对我们来说很重要，每个人都想学好英语。我的英语很好，那我是怎么学英语的呢？
First, I listen to the teacher and make notes carefully in class. I revise my old lessons and prepare my new lessons after class.
首先，我上课认真听老师讲课，认真记笔记，课下我复习旧功课，预习新功课。
Second, I like speaking English with my clas *** ates, not only in classroom, but also on the playground. It's to improve my spoken English.
第二，我不仅在教室里，在操场上也一样喜欢和同学们说英语，这提高了我的口语。
Third, I keep a diary every day to practise my written English.
第三，我坚持每天记日记来练习写作。
Besides this, I often read English newspapers or magazines in order to enrich my knowledge on English culture.
除此之外，我经常阅读英语报纸和杂志来丰富我的文化知识。
2. 英语图表作文模板
常用模板：
I.
In recent years，_____图表所反映的现象 ，which can be clearly observed from thediagram.____用图表中的数据说明这一现象。
Several reasons contribute to/several factors result in thisphenomenon.Firstly_________,Secondly_______,Thirdly_____.
All in all， 总结 。
练习：根据图表，简要描述某城市每一百个家庭电脑用户增长情况，并试分析原因。
II.
___本文所讨论的问题 happens every day around us.From the barchart,we can see there are mainly three causes for—____本文所讨论的问题 。While____%_________________,another___%_____________,___%____________.
Actually,the problem can be prevented if we take necessarymeasures.First of all,_________________,then,_________,
Thirdly,___________.
With the above efforts,we can rece the problem largely.
III.
In recent years，____图表所反映的趋势或现象 ， whichcan be read from the above diagram.___此趋势或现象在图表中的具体体现。
With the reference to thephenomenon,I think,reasonal as it seems，___本文图表所反映的现象___is not preferable.To starith,_______________.Secondly___________.Besides,_________.
So it is high time_______.
3. 一篇图表英语作文应该怎样引题
图表作为书面表达的一种信息提示方式，显得简洁明了，正被越来越多的各级各类英语考试所采用。
但是，在阅卷中，我们发现情况并不理想，问题主要集中在三个方面：首先，书面表达能力弱，不能用英语描述图表的数据及其变化；其次，读不懂图表，不能从图表中提取有效信息；最后，不能有效地分析数据，得出相关的结论和提出合理的建议。[转载]如何写好英语图表作文？在表达方式上，图表类作文有别于其他类型，它要频繁描述具体数据、进行数据比较，并说明数据变化。
教师有必要归纳于数据有关的一些词语和句型，进行集中教学。掌握这些的数据表达方式是写好这类作文的前提。
常见的表达有：1、熟悉四类图表的英文名称：表格（table）、条形图（bar chart）、曲线图（graph）和饼形分析图（pie chart）。此外，“如图所示”是写这类作文中的一个常用短语，它的表达方式有以下几种：⑴As the chart shows， … ⑵According to the chart， … ⑶As is seen from the chart， … ⑷As we can see from the chart， …2、在表达时，可以对具体的数据进行一些处理，用另外一种表达方式来代替，避免一篇小短文中出现过多的数据或者相同的句型结构，如：一次有关阅读兴趣调查结果是：50%的学生喜欢新闻；25%的学生喜欢故事；14%的学生喜欢幽默；11%的学生喜欢推理小说。
（Half of the students love news. A quarter of them are fond of stories. 14% enjoy humor. The rest prefer to read mystery books.）3、“…的数目或数量”的表达方式有两种：可数名次用the number of …；不可数名次用the amount of …。数量的多和少不能说成many和few，而用large和 *** all.⑴The number of the students is large.（学生的人数很多。）
⑵The amount of food is very *** all.（食物的数量很少。）4、用以描述数据上升、下降或保持不变的表达方式有：⑴rise/increase/go up/jump to/grow（上升）；⑵decrease/fall/go down/drop（下降）；⑶rise sharply/rapidly（急剧上升） ⑷fall slowly/graally（缓慢/逐渐下降）；⑸The price has grown by 3%.（价格已经上升了3%） ⑹The number of visitors has risen from 100 to 500.（访客的人数从100上升至200了。）
⑺Over the years, the ine of the family has remained the same.（近几年这个家庭的收入保持不变。）5、“数量总计达到…”的表达方法有以下三种：⑴The bill es to $25.（账单总共25英镑） ⑵These numbers add up to 100. （这些数目合计为100。）
⑶All the expenses amount to 11,000 yuan.（所有的开支总共达到11,000元。）6、有关数据比较的表达方式有：⑴Compared with…（与…相比）；⑵He is 2 centimeters taller than I.（他比我要高2厘米。）
⑶The room is ice the size of that one.（这个房间的面积是那个的两倍。） ⑷Now the total number of Chinese Christians is 14 times as many as in 1949.（现在中国的基督教徒总人数是1949年的14倍。）
⑸The number of students who enjoy reading English news doubles that of those who prefer reading stories.（喜欢读英语新闻的学生人数是喜欢阅读故事的学生人数的两倍。）7、图表常用经典句子： 开头：1. As can be seen from the chart/graph/table。
2. It can be seen from the statistics that。3. As revealed/shown/stated/noted in the picture。
4. The chart gives information that。 描述：1. There was a rise/increase/upward trend from。
to。2. It has risen to an average of。
3. There was a fall/decrease/rection/decline/drop/downward trend from。to。
4. It has fallen/dropped/declined to。 结论：1. From the *** yses above,we can draw the conclusion that。
2. From the data we gatherde from the above graph,we can conclude that。3. According to the information gathered above,we may reach the conclusion that。
4. According to what has been discussed above,we can arrive at the conclusion that。5. The graph reflects that。
8、图表作文的框架 As is shown by the figure in the table(graph/picture/pie/chart)， ___作文题目的议题_____ has been steadily rising/decreasing from______ in _______ to ______ in _____. From the sharp decline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that ________.（结论） There are at least o good reasons (accounting) for ______. On the one hand, ________. On the other hand, _______ is e to the fact that ________. In addition, ________ is responsible for _______. Maybe there are some other reasons to show ________. But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are monly convincing. As far as I am concerned, I hold the view that _______. 。
原因 【样题】：（苏州市2010届高三调研测试（一）书面表达） 2010年央视春晚的广告收入创新高，但节目中的植入广告引发了热议。
最近，某网站举行了一次题为“对今晚春晚植入广告的态度”的调查。请根据以下饼图所示信息，用英语写一篇短文，并提出你的自己的看法。
[转载]如何写好英语图表作文？ The 2010 。
4. 我需要写一篇描述图表和数据的英语作文,求一些常用的单词短语和句
一、图表类作文常用的单词、短语和句型 1. 表示数据变化的单词或短语 in the case of （在……的情况下） in terms of （在……方面） increase / raise / rise / go up（增加） decrease / grow down / drop / fall （减少） increased by （增长了） increased to （增长到） the number sharply goes up to（数字急剧上升至） significant（重大的），steady（平稳的），graal（逐渐的），slow（慢慢的），stable（稳定的），rapid（快速的）…… 2. 表示从图表得知的信息的句型 The table / chart / graph shows that。
（这个图表告诉我们……） According to the table / chart /graph, we can see that。（根据图表，我们可以看出……） It can be concluded from the graph that。
（从图表中可以得出……） The table shows the changes in the number of。over the period from。
to。（该表格描述了在……期间……数量的变化） 二、图表类作文的模式 图表类作文中的图表主要有以下形式：柱形图类（chart）、圆饼图类 （pie chart）、曲线图类（line chart）、表格类（table）。
写文章时，首先要对图表加以描述，而后引出主题加以讨论，最后得出结论，也就是按照描述图表—解释原因—下结论的步骤来写。切忌对图表不作交代就直接谈论主题。
1. 表格类作文的模式 表格类作文一般可以分为三段：第一段对表格中的数据进行描述，只要抓住变化规律即可，切忌一一列举数据；第二段说明变化的原因；第三段得出结论。即： （1） Studying the table carefully, we can see。
（仔细研读表格，我们可以看出……） （2） In my opinion, the reasons why。are as follows. Firstly。
Secondly。Thirdly。
（在我看来，为什么……的原因在于以下几点：第一……第二……第三……） （3） To sum up。（总而言之……）。
5. 如何写图表、图示、图画式英语作文
图表作文可细分为表格、曲线图、柱形 图和圆形图。其写作指导中只是对短文提出二至三项要求，而这些要求则类似提纲，因此这类作文往往可以按照所给要求自然分段。
图表作文给出不同形式的图表或图画，且图表又多配有数据或说明。写此类作文时，首先要以题目中的要求（requirements）为指导，审慎解读图表，准确把握图表传递的信息，将其扩展成文。
Never do things by halves.
做事不可半途而废。
前面我们已经提过图表作文可细分为表格、曲线图、柱形图和圆形图。弄懂这四种图在写作方面的各自特点，我们才可以写好这种类型的作文：
1） 表格形式要求考生对表格中所给出的大量数字进行比较分析，从中找出其变化规律。
2） 曲线图形式要求考生认真观察坐标系所显示的数据信息，并且密切注意交汇在坐标横轴和纵轴上的数字及单位。
6. 英语图表作文怎么写啊
提纲图表式作文属于控制性写作的范畴。
它控制性强，便于评分。考生应仔细分析图表，引证典型数据并按提纲要求进行取材与构思。
例：Title: Changes in people's dietOutline:1. State the changes in people's diet in the past five years. 2. Give possible reasons for the changes. 3. Draw your own conclusions.Study the following table carefully and your position must be based on the information given in the table. You should quote as few figures as possible. YearFood 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001Grain 53% 47% 42.5% 40% 34%Milk 10% 11% 11% 12% 13%Meat 17% 20% 22.5% 23% 26%(Fruit 20% 22% 24% 25% 27%and Vegetables) Total 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% In the past five years, there have been remarkable changes in people's diet. According to the figures given in the table, grain, which used to be the main food for most of the Chinese people, has now bee less important. By contrast, the consumption of milk and meat has considerably increased, accounting for 13% and 26% of the total respectively in 2001. In the same way, the demand for fruit and vegetables has been on the rise. What caused these changes? I think there are at least o reasons. In the first place, with the implementation of the reform and opening-up policy, great changes have taken place in all the branches of our national economy. The rapid growth in instrial and agricultural proction has inevitably brought about a sharp rise in living standard. People now can afford a diet higher in protein and lower in carbon-hydrates. That is why the consumption of milk and meat has remarkably increased in the city and in the country. Secondly, more attention is now paid to the balanced diet, which is necessary for good health. As a consequence, vegetables and fruit that are rich in vitamins have been in ever-rising demand. In conclusion, with the change in people's diet the consumption of fruit, vegetables, milk and meat will graally increase, while that of grain will continue to decline.。
7. 英语图表类的描述模板
写作模板——图表式作文 It is obvious in the graph/table that the rate/number/amount of Y has undergone dramatic changes. It has gone up/grown/fallen/dropped considerably in recent years (as X varies). At the point of （接近）X1, Y reaches its peak value of …（多少）. What is the reason for this change? Mainly there are … （多少） reasons behind the situation reflected in the graphic/table. First of all， …（第一个原因）. More importantly， …（第二个原因）. Most important of all， …（第三个原因）. From the above discussions, we have enough reason to predict what will happen in the near future. The trend described in the graph/table will continue for quite a long time (if necessary measures are not taken括号里的使用于那些不太好的变化趋势). 图表作文经典句型总结 图表作文要求考生用文字材料把图表中所提供的信息准确、完整地表达出来。
在写作图表作文时，首先要仔细观察并分析图表，以及题中所给出的有关信息，比如，作文标题，英文提纲、英文提示、英语关键词等。在分析图表时，要抓住与主题有关的信息，要发现数据呈现的规律，要充分利用图表中的图形、数据等来说明主题。
但是注意不要过多地引用数据，以免造成滥用数据的后果。另外，在写作图表作文时可以套用一些常用词汇或表达方式，这将有助于你写出较为地道的图表作文。
（1）常用的开篇句型（即概述图表内容时常用的表达法） ① According to the table/pie chart/line graph/bar graph, we can see/conclude that … 根据该表/图，我们可知 …… ② The table/graph reveals (shows/indicates/illustrates/ represents/points out) that … 该表/图表明…… ③As we can see from the table … As can be seen from the line/bar graph … As is shown (illustrated/indicated) in the pie chart … 如表/图所示，……（2） 描述增减变化常用的句型 ① Compared with …… is still increased by … ② The number of … grew/rose from … to … ③ An increase is shown in …； then came a sharp increase of … ④ In … the number remains the same/drops to … ⑤ There was a very slight ( *** all/slow/graal) rise/increase in 1990.⑥ There was a very steady (marked/sharp/rapid/sudden/ dramatic) drop (decrease / decline / fall / rection) in 1998 / pared with that of last year).(3) 对于上升趋势的描述：a. 可以使用的动词或动词词组：to increase to go up to rise to grow to jump to leap to soar to shoot to pick up b. 可以使用的名词：an increase a growth a jump a soar an upward trend(4) 对于上升到某个位置的描述：动词+to the peak of+具体数据。 动词+reaching the peak of +具体数据。
动词+reaching + 具体数据。 to peak at + 具体数据 to climb to + 具体数据（5） 对于上升的程度的描述： 动词+by + 具体数据。
（6） 对于下降趋势的描述：a. 可以使用的动词或动词词组： to fall to decrease to go down to slide to collapse to decline to drop b. 可以使用的名词： a collapse a decrease a fall a decline a drop(7) 对于下降到某个位置的描述： 动词+to+具体数据。 动词+to+the bottom of+具体数据。
动词+reaching the bottom of +具体数据。 动词+reaching + 具体数据。
（8） 对于下降程度的描述： 动词+by + 具体数据。（9） 对于平稳的趋势的描述： 可以使用的动词或动词词组： to hardly change to have little change to keep steady to level off to remain constant to stay the same(10) 表示程度的副词： 1. 程度较大： considerably dramatically greatly markedly obviously quickly rapidly sharply significantly suddenly 2. 程度较小： slightly graally slowly steadily(11) 时间的嵌入 嵌入时间时所使用的介词和介词词组： from……to…… beeen…….and…… ring……and…… at the start of …… by the end of …… over …… at the end of …… throughout ……（12） 上升和下降趋势的组合描述1. 先上升后下降的句型：。
increased slowly ring… and … but fell sharply in … A steady fall in …… ring …… and …… followed the sharp increase in …….2. 先下降后上升的句型：… fell before …… began to make a recovery …… … continue the recovery, climbing to …… … dropped ring …… but increased again in …… … fell and then pick up ring …… … collapsed before rising to ……at the end of ……3. 起伏波动的句型：… fluctuated sharply all through ……4. 波动不大的句型：… hardly changed through the period beeen …and …。