野战工事英语怎么说及英语单词

❶ 美国内战的著名战役和大事件有哪些用英语表达，最好能简洁点。

南北战争
南北战争：Civil War，U.S.

1861年4月～1865年4月，美国南方与北方之间进行的战争。又称美国内战。北方领导战争的是资产阶级。在南方，坚持战争的只是种植场奴隶主，他们进行战争的目的是把奴隶制度扩大到全国， 而北方资产阶级的目的在于打败南方，以便恢复全国的统一。

19世纪中叶，北部自由劳动制度与南部奴隶制度之间的矛盾发展到不可调和的地步，南部奴隶制度成为美国社会经济发展的主要障碍，南北之间的斗争在西部土地的争夺中表现得最为激烈。19世纪上半叶在美国领土向西扩张的过程中，在西部接连成立新的州。但是每当新州成立之际，就发生在该州内容许或禁止奴隶制存在的斗争。北方资产阶级和农民主张在新州内禁止奴隶制度，要求把新州确定为自由州。南方奴隶主则力图把奴隶制扩大到西部，主张把新州确定为蓄奴州，奴隶主利用其在美国国会及政府中的统治地位，连续取得胜利，激起北方广大人民的愤慨。1854年在北方成立了美国共和党。同年，南方奴隶主企图用武力把奴隶制扩张到堪萨斯州，于是在堪萨斯州爆发了西部农民与来自自由州的移民反对南方奴隶主的武装斗争，斗争持续到1856年，揭开内战的序幕。1857年奴隶主又企图把奴隶制扩展到美国全部领土上去。从而导致约翰·布朗起义。

第一阶段

1860年共和党人林肯当选为总统，美国民主党遭到惨败，这就成为南方奴隶主脱离联邦和发动叛乱的信号。南部蓄奴州南卡罗来纳州首先脱离联邦，接着佐治亚州、亚拉巴马、佛罗里达、密西西比、路易斯安那和得克萨斯诸州相继脱离， 并于1861年2月宣布成立“南部同盟”，另立以杰斐逊·戴维斯为总统的政府。1861年4月12日叛乱政府军开始炮轰在南卡罗来纳的联邦萨姆特要塞，14日被攻陷。林肯政府于4月15日发布讨伐令，内战爆发 。不久，弗吉尼亚、北卡罗来纳、田纳西、阿肯色4州退出联邦参加南部联盟。

战争初期北方实力大大超过南方，北方有2234万人口，南方只有910万，而且其中有380多万是黑奴。北方有发达的工业，四通八达的铁路网和丰富的粮食，而南方几乎没有工业，铁路也很少。但南方有充分的军事准备，拥有装备及训练都较精良的军队。而且，内战前夕J.布坎南总统曾设法把大量武器和金钱输送到南方去。林肯政府在内战初期进行战争的目的是恢复南北的统一，担心触动奴隶制度会把一些边境奴隶州推向南方叛乱者一方，从而失掉边境诸州这个重要的战略地区。由于北方政府不肯宣布解放奴隶。因此，在内战第一阶段，北方在军事上连遭失败。在1861年7月马纳萨斯和1862年夏的半岛战役中，北军损失惨重。北军虽然在西线取得一系列辉煌战果，从南军手中夺取了几个重要战略据点，但是这些战果都被东线的惨败所抵消。

在北方军事上屡次失败的情况下，共和党内部的激进派及社会上的废权主义者提出解放奴隶和武装黑人的主张。林肯也意识到解放奴隶的必要性。

第二阶段

1862年9月22日，林肯发表预备性的《解放黑人奴隶宣言》。宣布：假如在1863年1月1日以前南方叛乱者不放下武器，叛乱诸州的奴隶将从那一天起获得自由。消息传到南方后，成千上万的奴隶逃往北方。英国工人阶级也展开了支持北方的运动，迫使英国政府放弃了原来的干涉计划。

林肯政府还实行一系列革命措施和政策：1862～1863年实行武装黑人的政策。因此，成千上万黑人报名参加北方军队，其中主要是南方逃亡奴隶；1862年5月颁布的《宅地法》规定：一切忠于联邦的成年人，只要交付10美元的登记费，就可以在西部领取64.74公顷土地，在土地上耕种5年后就可以成为这块土地的所有者。林肯政府严厉镇压反革命分子，清洗军队中南方代理人。1863年开始实行征兵法，以代替募兵制，从而，增强北方的兵力。同时，林肯调整了军事领导机构，实行统一指挥，任命有卓越军事才能的U.S.格兰特为全军统帅。

1863年，北方在军事上出现转机。同年7月1日葛底斯堡大捷，歼灭南军2.8万人 ，成为内战的转折点。战场上的主动权转到北方军队手中。1864年，北方最高统帅采用新的战略方针：在东，西两线同时展开强大攻势。在东线以消耗敌人的力量为主要目标；在西线用强大兵力深入敌方腹地，切断“南部同盟”的东北部与西南部的联系。1864年9月，W.T.谢尔曼将军麾下的北军一举攻下亚特兰大，两个月后开始著名的“向海洋进军”，在进军中彻底摧毁了敌人的各种军事设施，使南方经济陷于瘫痪。在东线，格兰特将军统率北军把敌军驱逼到叛乱“首都”里士满附近。1865年初，奴隶纷纷逃亡，种植场经济濒于瓦解。北方海军实行的海上封锁，几乎断绝了南方与欧洲的贸易。同时，在南方内部也出现反对派，许多小农加入联邦派从事反战活动。南方逃兵与日俱增。粮食及日用品匮乏。1865年4月9日，R.E.李的部队陷入北方军队的重围之中，被迫向格兰特请降。美国内战终止。美国恢复统一。

内战的意义

内战期间，双方战费消耗150亿美元。联邦军伤亡63万人，南军伤亡48万人。战争显示了近代工业的威力，双方都大量装备了新式线膛武器，促进了散开队形、野战工事和步兵近迫作业的运用和发展。铁路和电报发挥了重大作用，并在战争史上第一次使用装甲舰、地雷、水雷和潜水艇。

北方在战争中的胜利，确立了北方大资产阶级在全国的统治地位。内战消灭了奴隶制，从而为美国的资本主义迅速发展扫清了道路。《宅地法》的实施 ，加速了西部的开发，促进农业资本主义发展中美国式道路的胜利。因而19世纪末美国一跃而成为世界上最先进的工农业资本主义大国。黑人在内战后的重建时期仍受到多方面的歧视和种植场主的剥削，但在政治上取得公民权及选举权，从奴隶枷锁下解放出来。因此，美国内战在美国历史发展中是具有划时代的进步意义的。
Civil War
Civil War: Civil War, U.S.

In April 1861 to April 1865, the United States between North and South war. Also known as the American Civil War. North is leading the war bourgeoisie. In the South, insist war is plantation slavery, the purpose of war is to expand the slave system of the country, while the northern bourgeoisie is designed to defeat the South, in order to restore national unity.

The mid-19th century, free labor system in northern and southern slavery to the development of the contradictions between irreconcilable stage, the slave system in the United States the main obstacle to socio-economic development, the struggle between North and South in the western land for a performance in the most intense. The first half of the 19th century westward expansion in the territory of the United States in the process of setting up a new series of Western states. But whenever the occasion of the establishment of the new state, as occurred in the state - or the struggle against slavery. Northern bourgeoisie and the peasants in the new states that the prohibition of slavery, the new requirements identified in the free state. Southern slaveholders, tried to extend slavery to the West, advocates of the new state, defined as slavery, slave-owners in the United States use of its Parliament and the government's dominance in consecutive victory, the majority of the people of Northern provoked indignation. Established in 1854 in the north of the Republican Party. The same year, the Southern slaveholders an attempt to force the expansion of slavery to Kansas, then broke out in western Kansas, farmers and immigrants from the free state of the Southern slaveholders against the armed struggle, the struggle continued until 1856, opened the prelude to civil war. 1857 slaveholders also attempted to slavery extended to the entire territory of the United States forward. Leading John intifada.

The first stage

In 1860 Republican President Abraham Lincoln was elected, the United States defeat by the Democratic Party, which became Southern slaveholders from the Federation and the rebels launched signal. Southern slavery in South Carolina the first state from the federal, then the state of Georgia, Alabama, Florida, Mississippi, Louisiana and Texas have been from the states, and in February 1861 announced the formation of "southern alliance" and to separate the President Jefferson Davis government. On April 12, 1861 the rebel army started shelling in South Carolina federal Fort Sumter, the 14th name. Lincoln government on April 15 issued the onslaught, the civil war broke out. Soon, Virginia, North Carolina, Tennessee, Arkansas, four from the union in southern Union.

The beginning of the war far exceeds the strength of the North South, the North 22.34 million population, only 9.1 million South, and more than 380 million of which is the slave trade. The North has developed instrial, railway network connections and rich food, and the South almost no instrial, railway rarely. But the South's military is fully prepared, with all the training, equipment, and more sophisticated military. Moreover, the eve of the civil war, President J. Buchanan to the large quantities of weapons and money to transfer it to the South. Lincoln in the early years of war civil war aim is to restore the unity of the South and the North, the slave system that will touch some of the border to the South, slaves rebel side, which lost the border states of this strategically important regions. Because the government refused to declare the liberation of the Northern slaves. Therefore, in the first phase of the civil war, the North suffered defeat in the military. In Manassas in July 1861 and the 1862 summer campaign in the peninsula, North-heavy losses. Although the North-West Line made a series of brilliant victory from the hands of the Yugoslav Army seized several important strategic positions, but these results were offset by the line of Waterloo.

In the northern military has repeatedly failed circumstances, the radical faction within the Republican Party and the community to scrap the right to the liberation of black slaves and armed proposition. Lincoln also aware of the need for the liberation of slaves.

The second stage

On September 22, 1862, Lincoln issued the preliminary "liberate black slaves Declaration." Announced: If the January 1, 1863 before the South rebels do not lay down their arms, the rebel slave states since the day it will be free. News spread to the South, thousands of slaves fled to the north. The British working class has launched a campaign to support the north, forcing the British government to abandon the original plan to interfere.

Lincoln government has also introced a series of measures and policies Revolution: 1862 - 1863 implementation of the policy of armed blacks. Therefore, thousands of blacks enroll in the northern army, which mainly in the South quilombo; In May 1862 the promulgation of the "Homestead Act" stipulates: all loyal to the Federal alts, as long as the delivery of 10 US dollars registration fee, they can receive in the western 64.74 hectares of land, land farming can become five years after the land owners. Lincoln government to suppress counter-revolutionaries, the South cleansing agents in the army. 1863 started to implement conscription law, to replace the edge, thus, enhance the strength of the North. At the same time, Lincoln adjusted the military leadership, a unified command, outstanding appointments to the U.S. military Grant for the military commander.

In 1863, the Northern military turn. The same year on July 1 Gettysburg victory, Terminator VJ 28,000 people and became a turning point in the civil war. On the battlefield initiative in the hands of the army to the north. In 1864, Supreme Commander of the North adoption of a new strategic directions: East, West simultaneously launched two powerful offensive line. In line with the power consumption of the enemy main objectives; In West with a powerful strength in depth of the enemy's hinterland, and to cut off "the southern alliance" of the Northeast and Southwest ties. In September 1864, W.T. General Sherman's army killing ten North Atlanta, two months after the famous "into the oceans", enter completely destroyed in the enemy's military facilities, South economic gridlock. In the East, Northern Army Command General Grant to drive the enemy into the rebel "capital" near Richmond. Early in 1865, have fled slavery, plantation brink of economic collapse. Northern Navy implemented a naval blockade, almost cut off trade with the European south. Meanwhile, also in the south of internal opposition, many small farmers were joined in the federal anti-war activities. South deserters increasing. Lack of food and daily necessities. On April 9, 1865, Lee's forces R.E. a tight encirclement of the northern army, forced Grant to the gassing. End of the Civil War. The United States resuming reunification.

The significance of the civil war

During the civil war, the two sides battle for consumption of 15 billion US dollars. Federal military casualties 630,000 people, the Yugoslav Army casualties 480,000 people. The war demonstrated the power of modern instry, both equipped with a new large-bore weapons, promoting the formation dispersed, field fortifications and infantry force operating near the use and development. Rail and telegraph played a major role, and the first time in the history of warfare and the use of armored ships, mines, torpedoes and submarines.

North's victory in the war, to establish the North of the big bourgeoisie in the dominant position. Civil war eliminated slavery, which the United States cleared the rapid development of the capitalist road. "Homestead Act" of the implementation, and has accelerated the development of the west, promoting agricultural development in the American-style capitalist road victory. Thus the late 19th century the United States leaped into the world's most advanced instrial capitalist power. Black postwar period of reconstruction, still be many plantation owners discrimination and exploitation, but in the political citizenship and the right to vote, from the liberation of slave shackles. Therefore, the history of the Civil War in the United States is a landmark in the development of meaningful progress

❷ 求英语中部队里的专业术语的拼写以及意思

我呕心沥血找的，望楼主采纳。
海上封锁: naval blockade，maritime blockade
隔离作战演练: isolation drill
两栖登陆: amphibious landing
装备: hardware
战舰: military vessel
驱逐舰: destroyer
护卫舰: frigate
登陆艇: landing ship, landing craft
潜艇: submarine
猎潜艇: submarine hunter
反潜舰: anti-submarine vessel
海军舰队: naval fleet
"沙波什尼科夫海军元帅"号大型反潜舰: submarine-hunting ship marshall shaposhnikov
武装直升机: armed helicopter
战斗机: battle plane
轰炸机: bomber, cargo jets
运输机: freighter
远程预警机: long-range early warning aircraft
空对空导弹: air-to-air missile
战略导弹: strategic missile
反潜鱼雷: anti-sub torpedoe
深水炸弹: depth charge
海陆空军: amphibious force
水陆坦克: amphibious tank
海军陆战队: marine corp
连: company
炮兵: artillery
空降部队: paratroop, airborne troop
地面进攻: ground attack
特种部队: special taskforce
实弹: live ammunition
滩头阵地: beachhead
1．一般用语
air cover 空中掩护
air superiority 空中优势
air—borne 空降的，机载的
alert 警惕的，警戒状态
ambush 伏击 ．
annihilate 歼灭
armistice 停战
array 使……排列成阵势
asymmetrical war 不对称战争
l out 从机上跳伞
batter 炮击
battle 战斗
beleaguer 围攻
besiege 包围
blast 爆炸
blitzkrieg 闪电战
blitz 闪电战
blow up 爆炸
blow 打击
board (为攻击等而强行)靠拢(船)，强行登(船) ．
bombed—out 空袭时被炸毁的，(人)因住房被炸毁而无家可归
breach 裂口，缺口，正军]突破，突破口
breach 突破，突破口 ．
breakthrough 突破
bring down 击落
broadside 舷炮齐射
brush 小战斗
bush—fire war 灌木林式战争
buzz 低空掠过，骚扰
capitulate (有条件的)停止抵抗，投降
capitulationism 投降主义
capitulationist 投降主义者
capitulation (有条件的)停止抵抗，投降
carpet bombing 地毯式轰炸
ceasefire 停火
charge 冲锋
close range fighting 近战
combat readiness 战备状态
combat 战斗
command 指挥
commission 编人现役
concrete bomb 混凝土炸弹
contain 牵制
conventional war 常规战争
conventional weapon 常规武器
cordon 用警卫线围住
corner 使……走投无路
cover 掩护
cross fire 交叉火力
crumble 崩溃，瓦解，灭亡
D day battle of Normandy ("Operation Overlord") 1944年6月6日盟军诺曼底登陆(代号“霸王行动”)
D Day 大规模进攻开始日
death toll 死亡人数
decimate 大批杀死
defection 逃跑，开小差
defector 背叛者，逃兵
defect 逃跑，开小差
defensive 防御的，防务的
demilitarized zone 非军事区
demining 排雷
demolition 爆破
detail 选派，分遣
dig in 挖壕固守
disciplinary 纪律的，惩戒的
discipline 纪律，风纪，惩戒
disengage 使脱离接触
dislodge 把……驱逐出去
displaced person 由于战争(或迫害)而逃离原住地(或本国)的人
dogfight 空中混战
draft 应征入伍
drill 演习
drive 长驱直人
el 决战(斗)
emplace 使炮兵进入阵地
encirclement 包围圈
encircle 包围
engagement 交战，(打)仗
engage 与……交战
enlist 征募，使服兵役
entrench 进入壕沟
eviction 驱逐
evictor 驱逐者
evict 驱逐
exchange 交火
extricate 使……解除困境
fan out 部队成扇形展开
ferret 侦察
field 把……投人战场
fire 开火
flush out 驱赶出来
foray 突然袭击
frustrate 挫败
go up 爆炸
hail of gun fire 一阵枪击
hand—to—hand combat 肉搏，白刃战
helicopter—borne 直升机载的
hit and run 打了就跑的战术
home—made 自制的
house—to—house fighting 巷战
hunt down 穷追猛打
identification of friend or foe (飞机)敌我识别
incursion 进入，侵人，袭击
infiltrate 渗透
infiltration 渗透
infiltrator 渗透者．
inflict 击退
intensify 加强，加剧
interceptor 拦截导弹
interdict 阻断通路
intermittent war 打打停停的战斗•
intruder 入侵者
intrude 入侵
intrusion 入侵
kill—intercept 导弹摧毁拦截
landing 登陆
leap—frog 交替前进
liquidate 消灭
live ammunition 实弹
live weapon firing 实弹射击
lock 难分难解(be locked in a fighting打得难分难解)
logistic 后勤的
maimed 残废的，受重伤的
maimer 残害者
maim 残害，使重伤(残)
manoeuver 机动，(复)对抗演习
martial law 军事管制
martial 军事的
mass 聚集大量部队于……
meet 与……会战
military alert level Delta 美军戒备状态
military review 阅兵
moonlight 夜战
mop up(mopping up) 肃清残敌，扫荡
morale 士气，信念
moral 道德上的
mount 发动攻势
mow down 扫杀，摧毁
multilayered shield 导弹多层防护盾
multi—national force 多国部队
neutralize 压制(火力)
nuclear deterrent 核威慑
nuclear proliferation核扩散
nuclear umbrella 核保护伞
nuclear war 核战争
nuclear weapon 核武器
offensive 进攻的
on and off 打打停停
on the run 逃跑
outgun 在枪炮数量上超过
outnumber 在数量上超过
pause 暂停picket (军)戒哨； 派……担任警戒哨警
pelt 连续地打击，开火
perch (狙击手等)位于高处
pierce 突破
pincer movement 钳形攻势
pincers 钳形攻势
pitched battle 对阵战，激战
poise 使做好准备
pound 炮击
preemptive 先发制人的
protracted war 持久战
pullback 撤回
pullout 撤出
purge 清除
pursue 追击
pursuit 追击
push 推进
rage (战斗)激战
rain down 弹如雨下
reconnaissance 侦察
reinforcement 增援，支援，加强
reinforce 增援，支援，加强
rendezvous (军队或舰队的)指定集合地点，宇宙飞船(或其它飞行器)的会合
repulse 击退
requisition 征用
retaliate 反击，报复
retaliation 反击，报复
retaliative 反击的，报复的
retaliatory 报复性的
reviewing stand 检阅台
rout 击溃
salvo 齐射
scenario 情况，想定
scorched earth policy 焦土政策
scramble 紧急起飞
scrap 炸碎
scuffle 混战
seal off 把……封锁起来
set off 爆炸
shadow 尾随
shell 炮击
skirmish 小战斗
slam 猛击
slip 溜走
slug 相互猛击
snipe 狙击，打冷枪
sporadic 零星的
spot 从空中侦察敌人目标
spray 扫射
stampede 大溃退
state of alert戒备状态
stiff resistance 强有力的抵抗
storm 猛攻，直捣
strafe 扫射
street fighting 巷战
surgical operation 外科手术式的作战
surgical strike (attack) 外科手术式的打击
surrender 投降
sweep 扫射，扫雷
taps 熄灯号
The fallen 阵亡者，战死者
touch off 爆炸
tough fighting 激烈战斗
trade 交火
triumph 胜利，凯旋
truce 休战，停战，休战协议
turn the table 转败为胜
two pronged offensive 钳形攻势
unknown soldier=[美]unknown worrier 无名战士
vigilante (美)治安维持会成员
vulnerable 脆弱
wage 作战
war game 实地演习
war of attrition 消耗战
war reparation 战争赔款
war—ravaged 遭战争蹂躏的
war—scarred 被战争弄得疮痍满目的
war—torn 饱受战争之苦的
war—worn 由于战争而筋疲力尽的
wipe out 歼灭
2．建制与职衔
admiral上将
aide—de—camp 副官
air—force 空军
air—man 飞行员
air—wing 空军联队
armada 舰队，机群
army 军，陆军
battalion 营
battery 炮兵连，兵器群
blue helmet forces (联合国维持和平的)蓝盔部队
brigade 旅
brigadier 准将
cadet 军校学员
captain 上尉
cavalry (总称)骑兵，高度机动的部队
chairman of the joint chiefs of staff (美)三军参谋长联席会议主席
colonel 上校
column 纵队
combatant 战士
commandant 军校校长
commander 司令员
commander—in—chief 总司令
commando 突击队
company 连
comrade—in—arms 战友
conscript 新兵
constabulary 保安队
contingent 先遣队
corporal 下士
corps 军团，兵种，队，团
court—martial 军事法庭
commodore 海军准将
decommission 使……退役，解除军职
demote (美)降级
demotion (美)降级
detail 分遣队
division 师
draftee (美)应征入伍者
echelon 梯队
elite force 精锐部队
fire—squad 行刑队
flank 侧翼
flanker 侧卫部队
fleet 舰队
formation 队形，编队，兵团
gendarmerie 宪兵
gendarmerie (法)宪兵队
general 将军
Green Berets 特种部队
guerrilla 游击队
headquarters 司令部
headquarters of the general staff 总参谋部
infantry 步兵
insignia 勋章，国徽，正军]识别符号，徽章
invalid 有病的，伤残的，病人，伤病军人
Kamikaze (日)神风突击队队员
lieutenant 中尉
lieutenant colonel 中校
lieutenant general 中将
line—crosser (战争中越过战线)自愿投诚者
listed man 应征人伍的人
major 少校
major genera[ 少将
marine 海军陆战队
marshal 元帅
mercenary 雇佣军
militia 民兵
navigator 驾驶员，领航员
navy 海军
officer 军官
outfit (指班、组、队等)有组织的团体，单位(尤指部队)
para—troops 伞兵部队
parachute troops 伞兵部队
platoon 排
private 二等兵
ranger 别动队队员
rank 军衔
recruit 新兵
regiment 团
regular army 正规军，常备军
reserves 预备役，预备役军人
reservist 预备役军人
scout 侦察员
second lieutenant 少尉
Self-Defence Forces (日)自卫队
sentry 卫兵
sergeant 军士
service 军种，勤务部队
sharp—shooter 特等射手
skeleton team 骨干队伍
sniper 狙击手，打冷枪者
soldier 士兵
spear—head 先头部队
squad 班
squadron 中队
staff 参谋人员，参谋部
standing army 常备军
suicide squad 敢死队
task force 特遣部队
the chief of general staff 总参谋长
troops 部队
van 先头部队
vanguard 先头部队 ．
vestige 残余
volunteer 志愿兵，义勇兵
way—footing 战时编制
warrant officer 准尉
3．装备
Aegis destroyer [美]“宙斯盾牌”驱逐舰
agent orange 橙剂(美军侵越期间用的一种化学剂)
agent orange 橙剂(美军在越战期间使用的化学毒物)
Agni ballistic missile (印度)“火神”弹道导弹
aircraft carrier 航空母舰
AK—47 (assault) rifle AK—47式冲锋枪
ammunition 弹药
amphibious 水陆两用的
Apache attack helicopter “阿帕奇”攻击直升机
armored convoy 装甲运兵车
arms 武装
arsenal 军火库，兵工厂
artillery 火炮
back—fire bomber (俄)逆火式轰炸机
barbed wire entanglement 带刺铁丝网
battle group (航空母舰的)战斗群
bayonet assault 白刃格斗
bayonet 刺刀
Black Hawk 黑鹰直升机
blank 空包弹
block buster 巨型炸弹
Bockscar 第二次世界大战中在长崎投下原子弹的飞机名字
bombard 轰炸，炮轰
bomber 轰炸机
bombing 轰炸
bomb 炸弹，轰炸
booby—mine 诱发雷
bullet 子弹
bullet—proof vest 防弹背心
buster 炸弹
buttock 枪托
butt 枪托
calibre 口径
camouflage 伪装
camouflage—clad 穿伪装服的
canister 霰弹筒
cannon 火炮
chopper [美俚]直升机
cluster—bomb 集束炸弹
Cobra “眼镜蛇”式直升机
commando vessel(ship) 登陆艇
concussive grenade 振荡手榴弹
copter 直升机
cruise missile 巡航导弹
cruiser 巡洋舰
cutter 缉私用的巡逻用的快艇
decon=decontaminate(decontami—nation) 清除毒气，去除污染
decoy 诱饵
decoy 诱饵，假目标
defoliant 落叶剂(尤指战争中使用的化学毒物) ．
defoliate 使落叶
defuse 去掉引信
depleted uranium bomb 贫铀弹
destroyer 驱逐舰
detonate 引爆
drone 无人驾驶飞机，飞行靶机
mmy warhead 试验弹头，练习弹
mmy 假的
dynamite 甘油炸药
Enola gay(B—29 Bomber) 第二次世界大战中，1945年8月6日在广岛下第一颗原子弹的美国轰炸机
ensign 军旗
Evocet “飞鱼式”导弹
explosive 炸药
Fat Man 第二次世界大战中投在长崎的原子弹的名字
fatigues 士兵劳动时穿的工作服
fire bomb 燃烧弹
fire power 火力
fix—wing air craft 固定机翼飞机
flare 照明弹
flotilla 小舰队
frigate 护卫舰
garb 制服
gas mask 防毒面具
GBU—28 [美]激光制导的巨型炸弹
graphite bomb 石墨炸弹
grenade 手榴弹
gun ship 武装直升机
hangar 飞机库
Harrier (英美)“鹞”式飞机
Hawk missile “隼”式防空导弹
helicopter 直升机
(C-130) Hercules (C—130型)大力神式巨型运输机(赫尔克里士式运输机)
hit-to-kill 直接命中捣毁
HMMWV(High Mobility Multi—purpose Wheeled Vehicle) (美)高机动性多用途轮式车辆
howitzer 榴弹炮
ill-equipped 装备不良的
impact area weapon 区域作用武器
incendiary 燃烧弹
Jaguar jet “美洲虎式”超音速轻型攻击机
JDAM(Joint Directed Attack Missile) (全球卫星定位系统制导)联合制导攻击导弹(2001年10月首次在阿富汗使用)
jump—jet 垂直起降的喷气式飞机
Kalashnikov (俄)卡拉斯尼科夫式冲锋枪
Katusha (俄)卡秋莎大炮 ．
1and mine 地雷
lethal 杀伤性的
machine gun 机关枪
main battle tank 主战坦克
mechanized forces 机械化部队
Mig jet fighter (俄)“米格”喷气式战斗机
Minuteman intercontinental ballistic missile (美)“民兵”式洲际弹道导弹
Mirage “幻影式”战斗机
missile 火箭，导弹
mock warhead 模拟弹头
Molotov cocktail 燃烧瓶
mortar 迫击炮
musketeer 步枪手
musketry 步枪
musket 旧式步枪
MV22 Osprey (美)鱼鹰式飞机(起落时像直升机，飞行时像普通飞机)
napalm bomb 凝固汽油弹
neutron bomb 中子弹
night—vision goggles 夜视镜
nonlethal 非杀伤性的
nuclear—capable 具有核能力的
parapet 胸墙
Patriot missile(Patriot missile—killing Rocket) “爱国者式”导弹
pontoon 浮桥
practice bomb 教练弹
projectile 射弹
ricochet 跳弹
sarin 沙林(一种神经毒气，学名为“甲氟磷酸丙脂”)
Scud missile “飞毛腿式”导弹
Sea King helicopter “海王”式直升机
shell 炮弹
shoulder—mounted rocket (missile) 肩扛火箭(导弹)
shrapnel 弹片
side arm 佩剑(刀)，随身携带的武器
Side—winder “响尾蛇”导弹
silencer—equipped pistol 无声手枪
silkworm missile “蚕式”导弹
soft bomb 软炸弹
sortie (飞机出动的)架次
stash 隐藏处，藏匿处；贮藏物，藏匿物
stealthy bomber 隐形轰炸机
Stingle “毒刺”地对空导弹
stray bullet 流弹
stun grenade 震荡手榴弹
submarine 潜水艇
sub—machine gun 冲锋枪
tanker 空中加油飞机
thermal nuclear weapon 热核武器
Tomahawk cruise missile “战斧式”巡航导弹
Topoi—M (俄)白杨—M型洲际弹道导弹
Tornado (英)“旋风式”多用途的后掠式轰炸机
torpedo 鱼雷
TOW missile (Tube-launched Optically-tracked Wire-guided anti-tank missile) “陶”式反坦克导弹(有线制导、光学跟踪、管式发射的反坦克导弹)
toxic gas 毒气
toxicant 毒剂
tracer bullet(shell) 曳光弹
Trident 三叉戟飞机，三叉戟潜艇
tunic 紧身短上衣
twin—barrel rocket launcher 双管火箭发射器
U—boat 德国潜水艇
Viper “毒蛇”导弹
warhead 弹头
4．场所
air exclusive zone 禁飞区
airstrip 简易机场
ambulance 救护车，野战医院
armoury 军械库，(美)兵工厂
barracks 军营
base 基地
bastion 阵地工事，堡垒
beachhead 滩头阵地
blue line 停火分界线
bomb—proof shelter 防空洞，防弹掩体
bridge—head 桥头堡
buffer zone 缓冲区
bunker 钢筋混凝土工事
concealment 隐蔽
corridor 走廊，狭长地带，空中走廊
demilitarized zone 非军事区
depot 仓库，兵站
detention camp 拘留营
mp 堆放处
electrical fence 电子篱笆
emplacement 炮位，炮兵阵地
encampment 营地
exclusive zone 禁区
foothold 据点
fort 要塞，边塞
fortress 要塞
front line 前线
garrison 要塞
green line 军事分界线
hardened silo 防原子地下发射井
laager (用货车或装甲车等围成的)临时防御阵地，车阵
no—fly exclusive zone 禁飞区
no—fly zone 禁飞区
outpost 前哨，前哨基地，警戒部队
parados 背墙
perimeter 环形防线
pocket (被包围的)小地区
position 阵地
prisoner camp 战俘营
range 靶场
rear 后方
sack 粗麻袋(包)
safe zone 安全区
springboard 跳板
trestle 栈桥
Vandenberg Air Force Base (美加利福尼亚)范登堡空军基地
vantage ground 有利地形
5．其他
Force 17 巴勒斯坦的特殊保安部队
M6 英国的军事情报处