英语四级翻译介词
A. 英语常用介词（带翻译）
表示时间的介词：
at：用于表示时刻，时间的某一点。
on:用于星期，某天，某一天的上午，下午，晚上（指具体的某一天时，一律用on
in:用于表示周，月，季节，年，泛指上午，下午，晚上
before:在...之前
after:在...之后
by:在....前（时间）截止（到）...
until（till）：直到.....为止
for：达...之久（表示过了多少时间）
ring：在....期间
through：一直..（从开始到结束）
from：从...起（时间）
since:自从...以来（表示从以前某时一直到现在仍在继续）
in：过...后（未来时间）
within：不超过...的范围
表示场所，方向的介词：
at :在某地点（表示比较狭窄的场所）
in:在某地（表示比较宽敞的场所）
on:在...上面，有接触面
above：在...上方
over：在...正上方，是under的反义词
under：在..下面，在...之内
below :在...下方（不一定是正下方）
near：近的，不远的
by:在...的旁边，比near的距离要近
between：在两者之间
among：在三者或者更多的之中
around：环绕，在...的周围，在....的四周
in front of:在...的前面
behind：在...后边
in：在..之内，用于表示静止的位置
into：进入
out of :和into一样，也表示有一定的运动方向
along：沿着
across：横过（平面物体）
through：贯通，通过
to :达到..地点（目的地）或方向
for：表示目的，为了.....
from：从...地点起
其他介词
with：
和..在一起；
具有，带有；
用某种工具或方法
in：
表示用什么材料（例如：墨水，铅笔等）或用什么语言。表示衣着.声调特点时，不用with而用in。
by:通过...方法，手段
of:(属于）...的，表示...的数量或种类
from：来自（某地，某人），以...起始
without：没有，是with的反义词
like :像...一样
as :作为
against：反对，靠着
about：
关于，各处，四周；
询问某人，某物的情况或提出建议
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B. 英语介词在四级翻译里面的用法
英语介词在四级翻译里面的用法如下：
1、早、午、晚要用in，at黎明、午夜、点与分。
2、年、月、年月、季节、周，阳光、灯、影、衣、冒in。
3、将来时态in以后，小处at大处in。
4、有形with无形by，语言、单位、材料in。
5、特征、方面与方式，心情成语惯用in。
介词at和to表方向，攻击、位置、恶、善分。
1、日子、日期、年月日，星期加上早、午、晚，
2、收音、农场、值日on，关于、基础、靠、著论。
3、着、罢、出售、偷、公、假，故意、支付、相反，准。
C. 澶у﹁嫳璇鍥涚骇璇娉曠簿璁诧細浠嬭瘝+鍙嶈韩浠ｈ瘝鐨勫父鐢ㄦ惌閰
銆 鎼閰嶄竴 among oneself銆銆璇ユ惌閰嶄腑鐨勫弽韬浠ｈ瘝閫氬父涓簅urselves, themselves锛屼笖閫氬父涓庡姩璇峚gree, argue, quarrel, decide,divide, talk 绛夋惌閰嶏紝琛ㄧず“褰兼”“浜掔浉”“……涔嬮棿”涔嬬被鐨勬剰鎬濄傚傦細
銆銆They were busy arguing among themselves. 浠栦滑蹇欑潃浜掔浉浜夎恒
銆銆We were always quarrelling among ourselves. 鎴戜滑涔嬮棿鑰佹槸浜掔浉浜夊惖銆
銆銆They talked among themselves while they waited. 浠栦滑涓杈圭瓑鐫涓杈逛簰鐩歌皥璇濄
銆銆Volunteers divided the different jobs among themselves. 蹇楁効鑰呬滑鍒嗘媴鍚勭嶄笉鍚岀殑宸ヤ綔銆
銆銆The trainees decide among themselves what programs to take. 鍙楄鑰呰嚜琛岄夋嫨鎵瀛﹁剧▼銆
銆銆The trouble was they couldn’t agree among themselves. 楹荤儲鐨勬槸浠栦滑鑷宸变笉鑳藉彇寰椾竴鑷寸殑鎰忚併
銆銆鏈夋椂涔熶笌discussion, dispute绛夊悕璇嶆惌閰嶃傚傦細
銆銆They had a heated discussion among themselves. 浠栦滑涔嬮棿杩涜屼簡鐑鐑堢殑璁ㄨ恒
銆銆They tried to settle disputes among themselves. 浠栦滑璇曞浘瑙ｅ喅褰兼や箣闂寸殑绾犵悍銆
銆銆 鎼閰嶄簩 between ourselves
銆銆璇ユ惌閰嶄负鑻辫涓鐨勫浐瀹氱煭璇锛屾剰鎬濇槸“鍕夸笌澶栦汉閬撶佷笅璇寸殑璇”“鍜变滑绉佷笅璇磋(涓嶈冻涓哄栦汉閬)”绛夛紝鍦ㄥ叿浣撹澧冧腑閫氬父鍙浠ユ湁姣旇緝鐏垫椿鐨勭炕璇戙傚傦細
銆銆All this is between ourselves. 杩欎簺鎴戜滑鍙鏄绉佷笅璇磋淬
銆銆Between ourselves, I think she’s a bit of a fool. 浣犲彲鍒瀵瑰埆浜鸿村晩锛屾垜瑙夊緱濂规湁鐐瑰効鍌汇
銆銆Between ourselves, I don’t think he will live much longer. 鍜变滑绉佷笅璇磋达紝浠栨椿涓嶄箙浜嗐
銆銆Between ourselves. I think Mr. Holmes had not quite got over his illness yet. 鎴戜滑绉佷笅璇磋达紝鎴戣や负绂忓皵鎽╂柉鍏堢敓鐥呰繕娌″畬鍏ㄥソ銆
銆銆鏈夋椂涔熻存垚between you and me锛屾剰鎬濅竴鏍枫傚傦細
銆銆Between you and me, I think he’s rather stupid. 杩欐槸鎴戜滑绉佷笅閲岃寸殑璇濓紝鎴戣や负浠栧緢绗ㄣ
銆銆 鎼閰嶄笁 by oneself
銆銆璇ョ煭璇鏈変互涓嬩笁涓鎰忔濓細
銆銆涓鏄琛ㄧず“鍗曠嫭鍦”“鐙鑷鍦”锛屼笌alone鍚屼箟銆傚傦細
銆銆I often like to spend time by myself. 鎴戝钩甯稿枩娆㈢嫭鑷娑堢（鏃堕棿銆
銆銆The dog was in the house by itself for several days. 鐙楀湪鎴垮瓙閲屽崟鐙鍛嗕簡鍑犲ぉ銆
銆銆She is old enough to travel by herself. 濂瑰凡缁忓埌浜嗗彲浠ヨ嚜宸卞嚭闂ㄦ梾琛岀殑骞撮緞浜嗐
銆銆琛ㄧず姝や箟鏃舵湁鏃惰繕鍙鐢ㄤ綔琛ㄨ銆傚傦細
銆銆My mother is by herself, so I must go home now. 鎴戝堜竴涓浜哄湪瀹讹紝鍥犳ゆ垜寰楀洖瀹朵簡銆
銆銆浜屾槸琛ㄧず“闈犺嚜宸”“鏃犱粬浜哄府鍔”锛屼笌without help鍚屼箟銆傚傦細
銆銆I managed to do it by myself. 鎴戞槸鑷宸卞仛鎴愯繖浠朵簨鐨勩
銆銆John managed to repair his car by himself. 绾︾堪璁炬硶鐙鍔涗慨鐞嗚嚜宸辩殑姹借溅銆
銆銆There are many things one must do by oneself without depending on others. 鏈夎稿氫簨鎯呬綘蹇呴』鑷宸卞幓鍋氾紝涓嶈兘渚濋潬鍒浜恒
銆銆涓夋槸琛ㄧず“鑷鍔ㄥ湴”锛屼富瑕佺敤浜 by itself锛屾剰鎬濈浉褰撲簬automatically銆傚傦細
銆銆This is a machine that works by itself. 杩欐槸涓鍙拌嚜鍔ㄥ伐浣滅殑鏈哄櫒銆
銆銆The door opens by itself as you approach it. 褰撲綘闈犺繎鏃跺欓棬灏变細鑷鍔ㄦ墦寮銆
銆銆The machine will start by itself in a few seconds. 鏈哄櫒鍦ㄥ嚑绉掗挓鍚庝細鑷鍔ㄥ紑鍚銆
銆 銆鎼閰嶅洓 for oneself
銆銆璇ユ惌閰嶄富瑕佹湁涓や釜鏂归潰鐨勬剰鎬濓細
銆銆涓鏄琛ㄧず“鑷宸”“浜茶嚜”銆傚傦細
銆銆You can judge for yourself. 浣犲彲浠ヨ嚜宸卞仛鍑哄垽鏂銆
銆銆He has a fight to decide for himself. 浠栨湁鏉冭嚜宸卞仛鍐冲畾銆
銆銆He demanded the right to decide for himself. 浠栬佹眰寰楀埌鑷宸卞仛鍐冲畾鐨勬潈鍔涖
銆銆浜屾槸琛ㄧず“涓鸿嚜宸”“鏇胯嚜宸”銆傚傦細
銆銆He made no complaint for himself. 浠栨病涓鸿嚜宸辫瘔鑻︺
銆銆He acted without thought for himself. 浠栭偅鏍峰仛鐨勬椂鍊欏苟娌¤冭檻鍒拌嚜宸便
銆銆She’s no shrinking violet—always ready to speak up for herself. 濂瑰彲涓嶈儐灏——浠讳綍鍦哄悎閮借兘涓鸿嚜宸辫磋瘽銆
銆銆 鎼閰嶄簲 in itself
銆銆璇ユ惌閰嶇殑鎰忔濇槸“鏈璐ㄤ笂”“瀹炶川涓”“鏈韬”銆傚傦細
銆銆He is not bad in himself. 浠栨湰璐ㄤ笉鍧忋
銆銆The idea is not bad in itself. 杩欎富鎰忔湰韬涓嶉敊銆
銆銆Threading a needle is an art in itself. 绌块拡寮曠嚎鏈韬灏辨槸涓绉嶆妧宸с
銆銆You’ve managed to complete the course—that in itself is an achievement. 浣犺炬硶淇瀹屼簡璇剧▼——杩欐湰韬灏辨槸鎴愮哗銆
銆銆 鎼閰嶅叚 to oneself
銆銆璇ユ惌閰嶇殑鍩烘湰鎰忔濇槸“鐙鑷鍦”“鍗曠嫭鍦”“缁欒嚜宸辩敤”锛岄氬父涓庢煇浜涘姩璇嶉厤鍚堜娇鐢锛屽叾鍚涔変篃寰寰鍙楁墍鎼閰嶅姩璇嶆剰鎬濈殑褰卞搷銆傚傦細
銆銆1. cry to oneself 鍝鐫瀵硅嚜宸辫
銆銆Oh Ned, Nancy cried to herself, why did you have to leave me? 鍝︼紝鍐呭痉锛屽崡甯岃繕鍝鐫瀵硅嚜宸辫达紝浣犱负浠涔堜竴瀹氬緱绂诲紑鎴戝憿?
銆銆2. have something to oneself 鐙鑷浜鐢ㄦ煇鐗
銆銆I have the whole day to myself. 浠婂ぉ鏁村ぉ閮芥槸灞炰簬鎴戣嚜宸辩殑銆
銆銆With my parents away I’ve got the house to myself. 鐢变簬鎴戠埗姣嶄笉鍦锛屾垜鍙浠ョ嫭鑷浣跨敤杩欐墍鎴垮瓙銆
銆銆3. keep (oneself) to oneself 涓嶄笌浜轰氦寰
銆銆Nobody knows much about him; he keeps himself very much to himself. 璋侀兘涓嶅お浜嗚В浠栵紝鍥犱负浠栧緢灏戜笌浜烘潵寰銆
銆銆4. say to oneself 蹇冮噷鎯
銆銆So I said to myself, “It’s time I left.” 鎵浠ユ垜鎯筹細“鎴戣ヨ蛋浜嗐”
銆銆I woke up early and said to myself, “Shall I get up?” 鎴戝緢鏃╁氨閱掓潵浜嗭紝蹇冮噷鎯筹細“瑕佷笉瑕佽捣搴婂憿?”
銆銆娉ㄦ剰锛歴ay to oneself涓巗peak to oneself澶ц嚧鍚屼箟锛屼富瑕佹寚“璇寸粰鑷宸卞惉”“鍦ㄥ績閲屾兂鐫”锛屽叾“鑷瑷鑷璇”鐨勬垚鍒嗘瘮杈冨皯銆傝嫢瑕佽〃绀“鑷瑷鑷璇”(寮鸿皟鍑哄０)锛屽彲鐢╰alk to oneself銆傚傦細
銆銆He was probably talking to himself, which he often did now. 浠栦篃璁稿湪鑷瑷鑷璇锛屼粬鐜板湪甯稿父濡傛ゃ
銆銆When she was old, she would sit in the corner talking to herself for hours. 鍦ㄥス骞磋佹椂锛屽ス鑰佸潗鍦ㄨ掕惤閲岃嚜瑷鑷璇锛屼竴璇村氨鏄鍑犱釜灏忔椂銆
D. 大学英语四级翻译常见语法考点
大学英语四级翻译常见语法考点
四级翻译部分为汉译英，共5个句子，一句一题，句长为15-30词，句中的一部分已用英文给出，考生需根据全句意思将汉语部分译成英语，考试时间5分钟。下面是我整理的大学英语四级翻译常见语法考点，欢迎大家阅读！
一、题型介绍
大学英语四级考试的最后一个阶段是翻译。翻译部分为 汉译英，共5个句子，一句一题，句长为15—30词。句中的一部分已用英文给出，要求考生根据全句意思将汉语部分译成英语，约3到8个单词。考试时间5分钟。翻译须符合英语的语法结构和表达习惯，要求用词准确。 该部分主要考核学生运用正确的词汇和语法结构并按英 语习惯表达思想的能力。因此，要求学生在平时学习和 四级复习中熟练掌握四级大纲规定的词汇、词组和语法 知识，熟悉各种句子结构，并且能够活学活用。
二、评分原则及标准
1. 整体内容和语言均正确，得1分。
2. 结构正确，但整 体意思不确切、信息不全或用词不当，得0.5分。
3. 整体意思正确但语言有错误，得0.5分。
4. 整体意思完全 错误，即使结构正确也不得分。
5. 大小写错误及标点符 号忽略不计。
常见语法考点真题解析
1、从句的翻译
(1)主语从句 例. ___________(很多人没有意识到的) is providing the best ecation possible for their children.(2009.6) 答案：What many people don’t realize
What的用法 1. what = just as，意为“恰像，犹如，好比”用作连词，引导比较状语从句。 ⑴ 惯用句式是：A is to B what C is to D. 意为“A对B而言正如C对D一样”。 E.g. Air is to us what water is to fish. (介词to 表示两者的关系) ⑵ 也有“A is for B what C is for D.”句式。E.g. Poultry is for the cook what canvas is for the paint. 厨师离不了家禽正如画家离不开画布一样。(介词for表示“供…使 用”) ⑶ what 引导的从句也可以放在句首，其句式是：What C to D，that A is to B.(= A is to B what C is to D.) 在这一结构中，喻体在前，主体在后，相当于“just as…， as… so…”结构，意思也是“A对B而言正如C对D一样”例如： What blood vessel is to a man's body，that railway is to transportation.(=Just as blood vessel is to a man's body ，so Railway is to transportation.)铁路对于运输，好比血管对于人体一样。
2. what 与do with连用，意为“(怎样)处理﹑安排或对付等”。what常有较灵活的翻译，常用结构是：“what …do with sth./sb.?”或“what to do with sth./sb.” 例如：① What will you do with the letter?② The kids do not know what to do with themselves on rainy days.
3. What从句可用作宾语补足语或状语。例如：① We will make the factory twice what it is today.(句中的twice what it is today是动词make的宾语the factory的补足语)Gravity is what makes you weigh what you weigh.地心吸引力使人称得现有的重量(句中的第一个what到句末为表语从句;句末的what you weigh 是 说明前面的动词weigh，系回答how much 的问题， 作状语)
4.与what连用的常用句型和词组⑴ What if…?如果(假如)…将会怎么样?例如： What if it is true?如果这是真的又怎么样? What if a storm should come up?万一发生暴风雨怎么办?(2)come what will(may)是固定搭配必须倒装，意为“不管发生什么事” Come what will (may)，I will always stand by you.
2)宾语从句 Many Americans live on credit, and their quality of life _______(是用他们能够借到多少来衡量的) not how much they can earn.(2007.12) 答案： is measured by how much they can loan
3)表语从句 In my sixties, one change I notice is that__________ (我比以前更容易累了). (2007.12) 答案：I am more likely to get tired than before
4)定语从句 1).______________(与我成长的地方相比), this town is more prosperous and exciting.(2008.6)答案： Compared with the place where I grew up
2)The prevention and treatment of AIDS is_____________ (我们可以合作的领域). (2007.6)答案：the field where(in which)we can cooperate
5)状语从句 1) Leaving one’s job, ______________(不管是什么工作), is a difficult change, even for those who look forward to retiring.(2008.6) 答案：whatever it is(让步状语从句) 2)I am going to pursue this course, (无论我要作出什么样的牺牲).(2007.12) 答案：no matter what kind of sacrifice I have to make(让步状语从句) 2.虚拟语气
历年真题中涉及到虚拟语气的考点可以归纳如下：
(1)(should)+动词原形的情形; (2)if或but for等引导的条件句; (3)wish, if only, would rather, It is(high)time that…的`用法。
【真题】You would not have failed if______________(按照我的指令去做).(2009.12) 考点有两个：首先最重要的考点是if从句的虚拟语气考查;根据语法规定，如果主句中出现would +have的 形式，从句中应该采用had+过去分词的结构;第二 是固定搭配“按照…的指令”表达为follow my instructions 或者是follow my orders 注意多样化的表达，两者选其一就可以;注意很多学生出现遗漏主语you，造成不必要的失分。【答案】you had followed my instructions 或者you had followed my orders
3.倒装结构 倒装分完全倒装与部分倒装两种类型，重点是部分倒装，即只有系动词、助动词和情态动词参与的倒装。常见的倒装结构可以分为四大类：
(1)否定倒装。指否定副词或否定的副词性结构hardly, seldom, scarcely, never, little, nowhere, not once, under no circumstances, in no way, no sooner…than， sooner…than，not only…but also用于句首时所导致的倒装。 Seldom did I go to theater, but now it is different. 以前我很少去剧院，但是现在不同了。
(2)虚拟倒装。指在if引导的虚拟条件句中，将if 省略，把should, had, were提至主语前，形成倒装。 Were I you, I’ll never promise to do that.如果我是你，绝对不会答应那么做的。
(3)强调倒装。为突出强调某一成分而将它提至句首时，实行倒装，如： A. so 倒装句 So diligently does he work that he often forgets to eat and sleep. 他工作如此勤奋以至于经常废寝忘食。
B.以某些表示肯定的副词开头作状语：only, often, then Then did I throw myself into the chair, exhausted. 然后我一屁股坐在椅子上，累死了。 Only by working hard can we achieve what we want. 我们只有通过努力工作才能获得想要的东西。
(4)在“so+形容词…that分句”结构中，如将“so+形容词”置于句首以示强调时，其后的系动词be则要移到主语前面，形成主谓的完全倒装。So moved was she that she could not say a word. 她感动得说不出话来。
练习题
1. The professor required that_____________________ (我们交研究报告)by Wednesday.
2. George called his boss from the airport but it _____________________ (接电话的却是他的助手).
3. The mananger never laughed, neither_______________(她也从来没有发过脾气)。
4. The significant museum________________(据说建成于)about a hundred years ago
5. 5.If she had return an hour earlier, Mary_______________(就不会被大雨淋了)。
;E. 6月英语四级翻译必考三大语法总结
一、英语四级翻译必考语法：介词使用(of/to/in…)
过中秋节的习俗于唐代早期在中国各地开始流行。
过中秋节的习俗于唐代早期在中国各地开始流行。
习俗过中秋节的开始流行于唐代早期在中国各地。
The tradition of celebrating mid-autumn day became popular at the beginning of Tang dynasty throughout china.
这个句子有印象没?是我借的六级句子给大家讲的吧?
好，我们来看这次的新句子：
中国给数百万在线零售商以极具竞争力的价格销售商品的机会。
中国给数百万在线零售商以极具竞争力的价格销售商品的机会。
中国给数百万在线零售商机会销售商品以极具竞争力的价格
China is providing millions of online retailers chances to sell goods at a very competitive price.
我们看到，完全不一样的两句话，完全一样的.考点。
二、英语四级翻译必考语法：定语从句
中国人自古以来就在中秋时节庆祝丰收。这与北美地区庆祝感恩节的习俗十分相似。
Since ancient times, the Chinese people usually celebrate harvest in the Mid-Autumn, which is similar to the custom of celebrating Thanksgiving in the North America.
我说过，『这』和『该』就是which吧，特别重要。来，上新句子：
据报道，今年中国快递服务(courier service)将递送大约120亿件包裹。这将使中国有可能超越美国成为世界上最大的快递市场。
It is reported that China’s courier service will deliver 12 billion packages, which will possibly make China the largest express market in the world, larger than the U. S.
请问：有差别吗?而且我是用最简单的单词和语法写的，你发现没?我要让你们知道，单词并不重要，翻译从来就不是学霸们才用得起的奢侈品。
然后，你再想想，定语从句能用的地方，再看看刚刚考过的句子，是不是有一种脑洞大开的感脚??
u 中国现在拥有世界上发展最快的经济，并正经历着一次新的工业革命。
u 中国还启动了雄心勃勃的太空探索计划，其中包括到2020年建成一个太空站。
三、英语四级翻译必考语法：插入语或同位语
大熊猫(giant panda)是一种温顺的动物，长着独特的黑白皮毛。因其数量极少，大熊猫已被列为濒危物种。
The giant panda, a sort of peaceful animal with unique white and black fur, has been listed as an endangered species because of its rarity.
熟不?废话，去年考过的，我点睛班反复讲过的。
来，上新题：
中国是世界上最古老的文明之一，构成现代世界基础的许多元素都起源于中国。
China, the most ancient civilization in the world, is the starting place of many elements which formed the modern world’s fundamentals.