加班文化英语阅读

① 关于加班的英语作文

世界那么大，路有很多，于是便有了旅程。
我问：“叔叔，您觉得温暖的旅程是什么？”他露出惬意的笑
，毫不犹豫地对我说：”那是过年回家的路。”
一句地道的乡音，让我明白了。温暖的旅程，在每一个身他乡
游子的心里。
去年，快要过年了。叔叔在北京，他很快就会回来。可是，去
了机场，那儿人山人海，都是拎着大包小包回家。有的恩等了很多
天，硬是没买到票。火车站更是夸张，连个空地方都没有。他只能
坐着大巴车，通过蜿蜒的路回来。
“哎哎哎，先上车，上车再买票，上车的往里走。"售票员，
大声讲着。叔叔就坐在一个考后的位置上。“随着汽车的启动。窗
外的风景也在变换着。售票员收完了钱，便睡在座位上，打起盹来
。
他往里看了看，明显的看见一个青年男子在偷一个上了年纪的
老奶奶的钱包。此时，他有点手足无措，便思考了起来。”
那个年轻人得手后，高兴的回到座位上。
到了中午，长途汽车停了下来。停在一个路边的小饭店门口。
大家都吃饭去了。
那小伙子兴冲冲的点了一碗肉丝面和一瓶“二锅头“。坐在一
个小餐桌上吃了起来。叔叔也端着菜，和他坐到了一起。
他问：”年轻人，你那儿人啊？“小伙子笑着说：”俺是山东
的，今年俺二十八了，过了年就二十九了。“
叔叔又问：”你上车的时候做了什么么？“小伙子突然不吃了
，酒杯也放了下来。他脸涨得通红，说话支

② 怎样用英语表达“加班”

work overtime

读法：英 [wɜːk ˈəʊvətaɪm] 美 [wɜːrk ˈoʊvərtaɪm]

释义：加班加点（工作），超过规定时间的工作

例句：Wedo notseewhyweshouldworkovertime.

我们不明白为什么我们加班加点地工作。

词义解析：

一、work

英[wɜːk]美[wɝk]

1、n. 工作；[物] 功；产品；操作；职业；行为；事业；工厂；著作；文学、音乐或艺术作品

2、v. 使工作；操作；经营；使缓慢前进

二、overtime

英['əʊvətaɪm]美[,ovə'taɪm]

1、n. [劳经] 加班时间；延长时间；加时赛

2、adj. 超时的；加班的

3、v. 使超过时间

4、adv. 加班地

(2)加班文化英语阅读扩展阅读

词语用法：

1、work用作动词的基本意思是“有目的地从事体力或脑力方面的工作”，可指人工作、做事，也可指人学习、攻读、研究某事情或学科，还可指机器等运转、发动，计划等进展顺利，药发挥作用，暗示成功或有效等。

2、work可用作不及物动词，也可用作及物动词。用作及物动词时，接名词或代词作宾语，有时可接以形容词或过去分词充当补足语的复合宾语。可用于被动结构。

3、work用作名词的基本意思是“工作，劳动，作业”，用于泛指时不可数，指具体的一项工作时用不定冠词a修饰。引申可作“职业，职务”“活计”“成果，产品，工艺品”“贸易”“特殊研究”“行为,作用,功”等解,是不可数名词,用作主语时,谓语动词须用单数形式。

③ 提高英语阅读能力的方法

提高英语阅读能力的方法推荐

由于影响阅读能力的因素很多，所以学生的阅读困难也是多方面的。下面是我为大家搜集整理出来的有关于提高英语阅读能力的方法推荐，希望可以帮助到大家！

在影响阅读能力的因素当中，既有言语因素，又有非语言因素。这其中语言因素应为重点，它以词汇，语法等语言只是为主要内容，但不少学生反映，在做阅读理解时，虽然词汇够用，语法知识也没有大问题，可是仍无法顺利进行阅读。由此可见，非语言因素也会在很大程度上影响阅读能力、所以不容忽视。

一、扎实语言基础

（1）要熟练掌握一定量的词汇。词汇是语言教学的最基本单位，词汇量非常重要，词汇是语言的建筑材料，是理解的基础。打个比方：造房子要砖瓦材料，词汇就是阅读英语的砖瓦材料，没有足够的英语词汇量，阅读英语无法进行。要切实地提高英语阅读能力，就要扎扎实实地从基础抓起。学生的词汇量越大，理解语言的范围就越广，能力就越强。至于阅读中遇到的少数生词（一般不超过3%），可采用一定的阅读技巧加以解决。

（2）必须掌握牢固的语法知识。尽管有点同学有一定的词汇量，但还是不能搞好阅读，还不足以能完全理解文章的意思，有的句子甚至连一个生词也没有，但却依然不能正确读懂其中的含义，这就是语法的问题了。所以对语法的.掌握程度也会影响英语阅读理解。增强语法知识是提高阅读能力的关键。正确的语法分析是阅读理解的基础。要提高阅读能力，必须要掌握语法知识。语法知识与阅读存在着不可分割的关系。要想准确的理解句子的含义，想要快速的理解篇章的意义获取信息，必须具备扎实的语法知识功底并能灵活运用。

（3）理解困难决不只来自词汇和结构。在某些语篇中，文字简单意义不一定简单，语言简洁内涵却很深邃。因此要达到完全理解，还要将词句放到语篇中去体会它的语境意义和语用意义。因而了解一定的语篇结构、熟识一定的语篇衔接手段、也极为必要。

二、拓展非语言因素

（1）阅读方法和阅读技巧

以较快的速度从大量的材料中捕捉有关信息，必须养成良好阅读习惯，不要逐词阅读，而应按意群地扫、连贯阅读、力求掌握通篇的中心思想。切忌通过翻译来理解，而应使英文在大脑里直接产生意义，只有这样阅读才会有效率。当然，提高阅读能力，还必须掌握一些必要的阅读技巧。例如，怎么样猜词段意？怎样抓主题思想？怎样找特定细节等。这些技巧都需在不断实践中加以总结和巩固，只有熟练掌握地掌握他们，才能极大的提高阅读者的阅读效率。

（2）文化背景知识及经验知识的积累程度

背景知识在阅读中起着至关重要的作用。只有当读者将终将自己的背景知识与语篇的语言文字信息联系起来以后，阅读理解率才能提高。一般来说，知识面广的阅读者具有较强的把已知信息和新信息联系起来的能力，这是由于一定的阅读材料，阅读者已知信息与材料新信息之间的差别越小，新信息就越易理解。并且、国内外许多专家已通过很多实例证明，阅读者对所读材料的熟悉程度与他们的理解程度成正比。这即是我们平时所说的知识正迁移。另外，由于英语文化的发展、英语语言不断丰富起来、许多隐喻性语言应运而生，这些语言大多来自圣经，古希腊罗马文化以及莎士比亚戏剧等一些文学著作中，由于他们非常生动形象，因此被广泛应用与英语作品中，但这却给不了解西方文化的中国人造成了很大的阅读困难。例如：Ariadne’s thread（阿莉阿德尼的线）一语，来自于一个希腊神话。Aridne是克里特岛国王的女儿，传说他母亲生了一个怪物，国王为了掩丑建造了一座地下迷宫，把那怪物关起来，并强迫雅典进贡童男童女给它吃，雅典王子Theseus想为民除害，就乘船来到了克里特岛，见到了国王。这时公主Ariadne对Theseus产生了爱情，于是她给了Theseus一个线球，Theseus进入迷宫时先把线的一段拴在迷宫的大门上，然后一路放线，经过曲折复杂的路径，走到了怪物的藏身处，并利用Ariadne事先送给他的一把魔刀杀死了怪物。最后，他在线绳的指引下顺利走出了迷宫。因此这一词语现在用来比喻能解决复杂问题的办法。此外、由于目前科普性文章在阅读考试中占比例日趋增大，要读懂此类文章、具备一定的专业性知识也显得很是必要。

（3）逻辑知识和思维习惯

语言是一种推理性结构，任何篇章都是按照一定的思维模式组织起来的。常见的思维模式有：归纳、演绎、类比、分析、比较和对照等。同时、思维还遵循时间顺序，空间顺序和层次顺序等。一般来说，特定类型的篇章会采用特定的思维模式。因此，熟悉这些模式必能帮助阅读者迅速把握作者的思路，准确确定中心思想，辨认重要事实，提高阅读效率。而且，近几年的阅读试题中出现了大量的论说文和说明文。而这两类文体均与形式逻辑有着密切的关系。

总而言之，阅读理解是语言、文化、思维、相互作用的过程。阅读能力的水平很大程度上取决于对语言知识和非语言知识的掌握程度，以及阅读技巧与思维方法的正确运用程度。而阅读能力提高的最基本途径是大量实践，因此只有在实践中不断获取知识、总结经验、才能最大限度地避免各影响因素产生的副效应，从而提高阅读能力。

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④ 大家帮帮忙、回答下这些英语阅读题｛顺便翻译下｝

71. Because he felt the work was not exciting at all and the life was boring.
72. If one is poor, one's life goal will be to earn more money.
73. 生活质量，生活品质，生活水平
74. 略。。。
75. 呃，略。。。
译文：
你的生活有目标吗？是什么目标？你是想成为一名作家？一位歌手？或仅是想成为一个富有的认？
一项最新的调查结果显示，在现代社会，大多数人们会选择一些实用性的目标，像“赚到足够的钱去买房买车”、“提升个人生活水平”、“找到一个理想的工作”等。
王友曾在南京的一家小农场上工作。那项工作本是不错的，况且他不需要加班。但是，他认为它毫无乐趣可言，生活空虚无聊。于是他放弃了那项工作，并在2007年的2月来到了北京。他踏上北京后的第一个目标就是寻找一份理想的工作。
现在越来越多的人想要过上更好的生活。调查结果显示，社会的确在进步，人们的生活目标也更加切合实际。一个研究员说，“每个人都有有别于他人的目标。如果一个人很贫穷，那么他的生活目标就是挣更多的钱；如果一个人没有什么文化，那么他就会全力学习以获得一个文凭；如果他缺乏爱，他就会穷极一生去找寻。但是，如果一个人没有目标，他将会虚度一生。”

人工翻译啊~ 望采纳~也希望能够帮到你~~

⑤ 英语文章阅读带翻译3篇

在世界经济全球化及中国加入WTO的形势下,社会需要大量能够用英语在国际上进行科技、经贸、法律和 文化 等方面交流的专业人才。下面是我带来的英语 文章 阅读带翻译，欢迎阅读!

英语文章阅读带翻译篇一
In the public interest

The Scandinavian countries are much admired all over the world for their enlightened social policies. Sweden has evolved an excellent system for protecting the indivial citizen from high-handed or incompetent public officers. The system has worked so well, that it has been adopted in other countries like Denmark, Norway, Finland, and New Zealand. Even countries with large populations like Britain and the United States are seriously considering imitating the Swedes.

The Swedes were the first to recognize that public officials like civil servants, collectors can make mistakes or act over-zealously in the belief that they are serving the public. As long ago as 1809, the Swedish Parliament introced a scheme to safeguard the interest of the indivial. A parliamentary committee representing all political parties appoints a person who is suitably qualified to investigate private grievances against the State. The official title of the person is 'Justiteombudsman', but the Swedes commonly refer to him as the 'J.O.' or 'Ombudsman'. The Ombudsman is not subject to political pressure. He investigates complaints large and small that come to him from all levels of society. As complaints must be made in writing, the Ombudsman receives an average of 1200 letters a year. He has eight lawyer assistants to help him and he examines every single letter in detail. There is nothing secretive about the Ombudsman's work, for his correspondence is open to public inspection. If a citizen's complaint is justified, the Ombudsman will act on his behalf. The action he takes varies according to the nature of the complaint. He may gently reprimand an official or even suggest to parliament that a law be altered. The following case is a typical example of the Ombudsman's work.

A foreigner living in a Swedish village wrote to the Ombudsman complaining that he had been ill-treated by the police, simply because he was a foreigner. The Ombudsman immediately wrote to the Chief of Police in the district asking him to send a record of the case. There was nothing in the record to show that the foreigner's complaint was justified and the Chief of Police stoutly denied the accusation. It was impossible for the Ombudsman to take action, but when he received a similar complaint from another foreigner in the same village, he immediately sent one of his lawyers to investigate the matter. The lawyer ascertained that a policeman had indeed dealt roughly with foreigners on several occasions. The fact that the policeman was prejudiced against foreigners could not be recorded in he official files. It was only possible for the Ombudsman to

find this out by sending one of his representatives to check the facts. The policeman in question was severely reprimanded and was informed that if any further complaints were lodged against him, he would be prosecuted. The Ombudsman's prompt action at once put an end to an unpleasant practice which might have gone unnoticed.

斯堪的纳维亚半岛各国实行开明的社会政策，受到全世界的推崇。在瑞典，已逐渐形成了一种完善的制度以保护每个公民不受专横的和不称职的政府官员的欺压。由于这种制度行之有效，已被其他国家采纳。

是瑞典人首先认识到政府工作人员如文职人员、警官、卫生稽查员、税务人员等等也会犯错误或者自以为在为公众服务而把事情做过了头。早在1809年，瑞典论会就建立一个保护公民利益的制度。议会内有一个代表各政党利益的委员会，由它委派一位称职的人选专门调查个人对国家的意见。此人官衔为“司法特派员”，但瑞典人一般管他叫“J.O.”，即“司法特派员”。司法特派员不受任何政治压力的制约。他听取社会各阶层的各种大小意见，并进行调查。由于意见均需用书面形式提出，司法特派员每年平均收到1,200封信。他有8位律师作他的助手协助工作，每封信都详细批阅。司法特派员的工作没有什么秘密可言，他的信件是公开的，供公众监督。如果公民的意见正确，司法特派员便为他伸张正义。司法特员采取的行动因意见的性质不同而有所不同。他可以善意地批评某位官员，也可以甚至向议会提议修改某项法律。下述事件是司法特派员工作的一个典型例子。

一个住在瑞典乡村的外国人写信给司法特派员，抱怨说他受到警察的虐待，原因就是因为他是个外国人。司法特派员立即写信给当地警察局长，请他寄送与此事有关的材料。材料中没有任何文字记载证明外国人所说的情况符合事实，警察局长矢口否认这一指控。司法特派员难以处理。但是，当他又收到住在同一村庄的另一个外国人写的一封内容类似的投诉信时，他立即派出一位律师前去调查。律师证实有个警察确实多次粗鲁地对待外国人。警察歧视外国人的事在官方档案中不可能加以记载，司法特派员只有派他的代表去核对事实才能了解真相。当事的警察受到严厉的斥责，并被告知，如果再有人投诉他，他将受到起诉。司法特派员及时采取的行动，迅速制止了这一起不愉快的事件，不然这件事可能因未得到人们注意而不了了之。
英语文章阅读带翻译篇二
Instinct or cleverness?

We have been brought up to fear insects. We regard them as unnecessary creatures that do more harm than good. Man continually wages war on item, for they contaminate his food, carry diseases, or devour his crops. They sting or bite without provocation; they fly uninvited into our rooms on summer nights, or beat against our lighted windows. We live in dread not only of unpleasant insects like spiders or wasps, but of quite harmless ones like moths. Reading about them increases our understanding with out dispelling our fears. Knowing that the instrious ant lives in a highly

organized society does nothing to prevent us from being filled with revulsion when we find hordes of them crawling over a carefully prepared picnic lunch. No matter how much we like honey, or how much we have read about the uncanny sense of direction which bees possess, we have a horror of being stung. Most of our fears are unreasonable, but they are impossible to erase. At the same time, however, insects are strangely fascinaing. We enjoy reading about them, especially when we find that, like the praying mantis, they lead perfectly horrible lives. We enjoy staring at them entranced as they go about their business, unaware (we hope) of our presence. Who has not stood in awe at the sight of a spider pouncing on a fly, or a column of ants triumphantly bearing home an enormous dead beetle ?

Last summer I spent days in the garden watching thousands of ants crawling up the trunk of my prize peach tree. The tree has grown against a warm wall on a sheltered side of the house. I am especially proud of it, not only because it has survived several severe winters, but because it occasionally proces luscious peaches. During the summer, I noticed that the leaves of the tree were beginning to wither. Clusters of tiny insects called aphides were to be found on the underside of the leaves. They were visited by a laop colony of ants which obtained a sort of honey from them. I immediately embarked on an experiment which, even though it failed to get rid of the ants, kept me fascinated for twenty-four hours. I bound the base of the tree with sticky tape , making it impossible for the ants to reach the aphides. The tape was so sticky that they did not dare to cross it. For a long time, I watched them scurrying around the base of the tree in bewilderment. I even went out at midnight with a torch and noted with satisfaction (and surprise) that the ants were still swarming around the sticky tape without being able to do anything about it. I got up early next morning hoping to find that the ants had given up in despair. Instead, I saw that they had discovered a new route. They were climbing up the wall of the house and then on to the leaves of

the tree. I realized sadly that I had been completely defeated by their ingenuity. The ants had been quick to find an answer to my thoroughly unscientific methods!

我们自幼就在对昆虫的惧怕中长大。我们把昆虫当作害多益少的无用东西。人类不断同昆虫斗争，因为昆虫弄脏我们的食物，传播疾病，吞噬庄稼。它们无缘无故地又叮又咬;夏天的晚上，它们未经邀请便飞到我们房间里，或者对着露出亮光的窗户乱扑乱撞。我们在日常生活中，不但憎恶如蜘蛛、黄蜂之类令人讨厌的昆虫，而且憎恶并无大害的飞蛾等。阅读有关昆虫的书能增加我们对它们的了解，却不能消除我们的恐惧的心理。即使知道勤奋的蚂蚁生活具有高度组织性的社会里，当看到大群蚂蚁在我们精心准备的午间野餐上爬行时，我们也无法抑制对它们的反感。不管我们多么爱吃蜂蜜，或读过多少关于蜜蜂具有神秘的识别方向的灵感的书，我们仍然十分害怕被蜂蜇。我们的恐惧大部分是没有道理的，但去无法消除。同时，不知为什么昆虫又是迷人的。我们喜欢看有关昆虫的书，尤其是当我们了解螳螂等过着一种令人生畏的生活时，就更加爱读有关昆虫的书了。我们喜欢入迷地看它们做事，它们不知道(但愿如此)我们就在它们身边。当看到蜘蛛扑向一只苍蝇时，一队蚂蚁抬着一只巨大的死甲虫凯旋归时，谁能不感到敬畏呢?

去年夏天，我花了好几天时间站在花园里观察成千只蚂蚁爬上我那棵心爱的桃树的树干。那棵树是靠着房子有遮挡的一面暖墙生长的。我为这棵树感到特别自豪，不仅因为它度过了几个寒冬终于活了下来，而且还因为它有时结出些甘甜的桃子来。到了夏天，我发现树叶开始枯萎，结果在树叶背面找到成串的叫作蚜虫小虫子。蚜虫遭到一窝蚂蚁的攻击，蚂蚁从它们身上可以获得一种蜜。我当即动手作了一项试验，这项试验尽管没有使我摆脱这些蚂蚁，却使我着迷了24小时。我用一条胶带把桃树底部包上，不让蚂蚁接近蚜虫。胶带极粘，蚂蚁不敢从上面爬过。在很长一段时间里，我看见蚂蚁围着大树底部来回转悠，不知所措。半夜，我还拿着电筒来到花园里，满意地(同时惊奇地)发现那些蚂蚁还围着胶带团团转。无能为力。第二天早上，我起床后希望看见蚂蚁已因无望而放弃了尝试，结果却发现它们又找到一条新的路径。它们正在顺着房子的外墙往上爬，然后爬上树叶。我懊丧地感到败在了足智多谋的蚂蚁的手下。蚂蚁已很快找到了相应的对策，来对付我那套完全不科学的办法!
英语文章阅读带翻译篇三
From the earth: greatings

Radio astronomy has greatly increased our understanding of the universe. Radio telescopes have one big advantage over conventional telescopes in that they can operate in all weather conditions and can pick up signals coming from very distant stars. These signals are proced by colliding stars or nuclear reactions in outer space. The most powerful signals that have been received have been emitted by what seem to be truly colossal stars which scientists have named 'quasars'.

A better understanding of these phenomena may completely alter our conception of the nature of the universe. The radio telescope at Jodrell Bank in England was for many years the largest in the world. A new telescope, over twice the size, was recently built at Sugar Grove in West Virginia. Astronomers no longer regard as fanciful the idea that they may one day pick up signals which have been sent by intelligent beings on other worlds. This possibility gives rise to interesting speculations. Highly advanced civilizations may have existed on other planets long before intelligent forms of life evolved on the earth. Conversely, intelligent being which are just beginning to develop on remote worlds may be ready to pick up our signals in thousands of years' time, or when life on earth has become extinct. Such speculations no longer belong to the realm of science fiction, for astronomers are now exploring the chances of communicating with living creatures (if they exist) on distant planets. This undertaking which has been named Project Ozma was begun in 1960, but it may take a great many years before results are obtained.

Aware of the fact that it would be impossible to wait thousands or millions of years to receive an answer from a distant planet, scientists engaged in Project Ozma are concentrating their attention on stars which are relatively close. One of the most likely stars is Tau Ceti which is eleven light years away. If signals from the earth were received by intelligent creatures on a planet circling this

star, we would have to wait twenty-two years for an answer. The Green Bank telescope in West Virginia has been specially designed to distinguish between random signals and signals which might be in code. Even if contact were eventually established, astronomers would not be able to rely on language to communicate with other beings. They would use mathematics as this is the

only truly universal language. Numbers have the same value anywhere. For this reason, intelligent creatures in any part of the universe would be able to understand a simple arithmetical sequence. They would be able to reply to our signals using similar methods. The next step would be to try to develop means for sending television pictures. A single picture would tell us more than thousands of words. In an age when anything seems to be possible, it would be narrow-minded in the extreme to ridicule these attempts to find out if there is life in other parts of the universe.

天文学方面最新发展使得我们能够在银河系和其他星系发现行星。这是一个重要的成就，因为相对来说，行星很小，而且也不发光。寻找行星证明相当困难，但是要在行星上发现生命会变得无比艰难。第一个需要解答的问题是一颗行星是否有能够维持生命的条件。举例来说，在我们的太阳系里，对于生命来说，金星的温度太高，而火星的温度则太低。只有地球提供理想的条件，而即使在这里，植物和动物的进化也用了40亿年的时间。

一颗行星是否能够维持生命取决于它的恒星——即它的“太阳”——的大小和亮度。设想一下，一颗恒星比我们的太阳还要大，还要亮，还要热20倍，那么一颗行星为了维持生命就要离开的它的恒星非常远。反之，如果恒星很小，维持生命的行星就要在离恒星很近的轨道上运行，而且要有极好的条件才能使生命得以发展，但是，我们如何才能找到这样一颗行星呢?现在，没有一台现存的望远镜可以发现生命的存在。而开发这样一台望远镜将会是21世纪天文学的一个重要的研究课题。

使用放置在地球上的望远镜是无法观察到其他行星的生命的。地球周围温暖的大气层和望远镜散出的热量使得我们根本不可能找到比行星更小的物体。即使是一台放置在围绕地球的轨道上的望远镜——如非常成功的哈勃望远镜——也因为太阳系中的尘埃微粒而无法胜任。望远镜要放置在木星那样遥远的行星上才有可能在外层空间搜寻生命。因为我们越是接近太阳系的边缘，尘埃就越稀薄。一旦我们找到这样一颗行星，我们就要想办法将它的恒星射过来的光线遮暗，这样我们就能彻底“看见”这颗行星，并分析它的大气层。首先我们要寻找植物，而不是那种“小绿人”。行星上最容易生存下来的是细菌。正是细菌生产出我们在地球上呼吸的氧气。在地球上发展的大部分进程中，细菌是地球上唯一的生命形式。作为地球上的居民，我们总存有这样的希望：小绿人来 拜访 我们，而我们可以和他们交流。但是，这种希望总是只在科幻小说中存在。如果我们能够在另一颗行星上找到诸如细菌的那种低等生命，那么这个发现将彻底改变我们对我们自己的看法。正如美国国家航空和宇宙航空局的丹尼尔.戈尔丁指出的“在其他地方发现生命会改变一切。任何人类的努力和想法都会发生变化。”

⑥ 英语阅读带翻译

英语阅读范文带翻译

阅读理解一直是高中英语考试中的难点与重点，想要提高自己的阅读能力，平常多多积累是一定的，下面是我整理的高中英语阅读理解范文，希望能帮到大家!

【1】

I am Peter Hodes, avolunteer stem courier. Since March 2012, I've done 89 trips of those , 51 havebeen abroad, I have 42 hours to carry stem cells(干细胞)in my little box because I've got two ice packs and that's how longthey last, in all, from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor(捐献者) to the time they can be implanted in the patient, we’ve got 72 hoursat most, So I am always conscious of time.

I had one trip last year whereI was caught by a hurricane in America. I picked up the stem cells in Providence,Rhode Island, and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London. But when Iarrived at the check-in desk at Providence, the lady on the desk said: “Well, I’mreally sorry, I’ve got some bad news for you-there are no fights from Washington.”So I took my box and put it on the desk and I said: “In this box are some stem cellsthat are urgently needed for a patient-please, please, you’ve got to get me backto the United Kingdom.” She just dropped everything. She arranged for a flight ona small plane to be held for me. re-routed(改道) me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originallyscheled.

For this courier job, you’reconsciously aware than that box you’re got something that is potentially goingto save somebody’s life.

29. Which of the following can replace theunderlined word “courier” in Paragraph17

A. provider B.delivery man

C. collector D. medical doctor

30. Why does Peter have to complete his tripwithin 42hours?

A. He cannot stay away from his job too long.

B. The donor can only wait for that long.

C. The operation needs that very much.

D. The ice won't last any longer.

31. Which flight did the woman put Peter onfirst?

A. To London B. To Newark

C. To Providence D. To Washington

中文翻译：

我叫 Peter Hodes，是一个干细胞传递志愿者。自2012年3月以来，我做了89次这项工作，51次是在国外。我用我的小箱子来携带干细胞，我有42个小时，因为我的.两个冰袋只能持续制冷42小时。总之，从捐献者捐出干细胞到这些细胞可以植入病人时，最多维持72个小时。所以我总是很在意时间。

去年的一次旅程中，我在美国遇到了飓风。我在罗得岛的普罗维登斯拿着干细胞，打算飞往华盛顿然后再回伦敦。但是当我到达在普罗维登斯的前台时，前台的女士说：“真的很抱歉，我有一些坏消息要告诉你——华盛顿没有航班了。”我把盒子放在桌子上说：“这个盒子里有一些患者急需的干细胞，拜托了，拜托你必须让我回英国。”她推掉了所有事情，安排了一架小型飞机，为我改道经纽瓦克回到了英国，甚至还比原计划提前到达了。

因为这个传递工作，你意识到，你拿着的那个盒子给了拯救他人的生命的无限可能。

【2】

The meaning of silence variesamong cultural groups. Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a personhas nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, or worry.Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; thereforeattempts may be made to fill every gap(间隙) with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence andview it as necessary for understanding a person's needs.

Many Native Americans valuesilence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as sometraditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of thesecultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what maybe implied(暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has beensaid before continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection.

Other cultures mayuse silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts amongpeople or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silenceto show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion. However,Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authorityrather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still anotheruse, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect,particularly to an elder or a person in authority.

Nurses and othercare-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they comeacross the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses shouldrecognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that apatient’s silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily.A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the careof patients from their own and from other cultures.

32. What does the author say about silencein conversations?

A. It implies anger. B. It promotes friendship.

C. It is culture-specific. D. It iscontent-based.

33. Which of the following people mightregard silence as a call for careful thought?

A. The Chinese. B. The French.

C. The Mexicans. D. The Russians.

34. What does the author advise nurses todo about silence?

A. Let it continue as the patient pleases.

B. Break it while treating patients.

C. Evaluate its harm to patients.

D. Make use of its healing effects.

35. What may be the best title for thetext?

A. Sound and Silence

B. What It Means to Be Silent

C. Silence to Native Americans

D. Speech Is Silver; Silence Is Gold

中文翻译：

沉默在不同文化群体之间意义不同。沉默可能是深思熟虑，或者当一个人无话可说时，可能就是一片空白。沉默在谈话中能表达固执或担心。沉默可能被一些文化群体觉得极其不舒服，因此他们会试图填补对话中的每一个间隙。其他文化群体重视沉默，并认为沉默对于理解一个人的需求很必要。

许多印第安人重视沉默，就像一些传统的中国人和泰国人那样，认为它是人与人之间交流的一个基本部分。因此，当一个这些文化群体中的人在说话时突然停止，也许是在暗示希望听众在继续之前思考一下之前说的话。在这些文化中，沉默是呼吁反思。

其他文化可能将沉默用在其他方面，特别是在处理人之间的冲突或权力不同的人之间的关系时。例如，俄罗斯人、法国人和西班牙人可能会用沉默来表示同意各方之间讨论的主题。然而，墨西哥人在权威的人发出指令时可能会沉默，而不是粗鲁地与之争论。另一个用途是亚洲人可能把沉默作为尊重别人的标志，尤其是对一位长者或权威的人。

当护士和其他看护者遇到可能正在经历焦虑的病人突然沉默时，要注意这可能意味着什么。护士应该认识到他们自己可能沉默的原因并且从文化角度上理解病人沉默的原因，这样病人的沉默不会过早被打断，也不会让病人继续保持不必要的沉默。了解治愈沉默功效的护士可以通过理解自己和其它文化，来帮助照顾病人。

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⑦ 英语阅读技巧：句子理解

英语阅读技巧：句子理解

阅读理解部分的短文内容非常广泛，有人物传记、经济、天文史地、社会文化、科普小品、风土人情、幽默故事及日常生活的各个方面。试题往往就短文中容易误解和忽略之处灵活地提出问题，所用的句型和词语也往往不同于短文中相应部分的句型和词语。

例题

By “Ellen Spero isn’t biting her nails just yet” (Lines 1-2, Paragraph 1), the author means ________.

[A] Spero can hardly maintain her business

[B] Spero is too much engaged in her work

[C] Spero has grown out of her bad habit

[D] Spero is not in a desperate situation

结合句子理解题的解题方法：

解题思路

（1）阅读题干，确定关键词：

关键词：“Ellen Spero isn’t biting her nails just yet”

（2）定位到段（文章第一段）

When it comes to the slowing economy, Ellen Spero isn’t biting her nails just yet. But the 47-year-old manicurist isn’t cutting, filling or polishing as many nails as she’d like to, either. Most of her clients spend $12 to $50 weekly, but last month two longtime customers suddenly stopped showing up. Spero blames the softening economy. “I’m a good economic indicator,” she says. “I provide a service that people can do without when they’re concerned about saving some dollars.” So Spero is downscaling, shopping at middle-brow Dillard’s department store near her suburban Cleveland home, instead of Neiman Marcus. “I don’t know if other clients are going to abandon me, too.” she says.

（3）定位到句，同义替换，得出答案。

结合句子理解题的解题方法：

①：先翻译题中句子的字面意思：Ellen Spero不咬指甲

②:定位到文中：

When it comes to the slowing economy, Ellen Spero isn’t biting her nails just yet.

当讨论到经济发展速度开始减慢时，艾琳·斯派罗还不至于咬手指

③：联系段落或者文章的主旨：

段落的话要注意段首和段尾:

由于这句话在段首，我们只能往它后面的句子中开始理解。比如第二句话：But the 47-year-old manicurist isn’t cutting, filling or polishing as many nails as she’d like to, either.重点关注But，这是一个转折，说明前后意思不一致，然后看下这句话的意思：但是，这位四十七岁的`指甲修饰师修剪、锉磨、上油的指甲数量却难遂其愿了。可能无法翻译的如此完美，那你应该可以看出来 isn’t as many as（不如...多），either这些否定词，说明前面很有可能就是肯定的语气。

我们再来看一下四个选项：

[A] Spero can hardly maintain her business

Spero几乎无法维持生意

【分析】由前面的解释可知其与原文恰恰相反。Spero应该是还可以维持才对。只是后面生意不是想象中那么好。

[B] Spero is too much engaged in her work

Spero太忙碌于其工作

【分析】纯粹的主观臆断，太忙了所以不至于有时间去啃指甲吗？？难道你不忙就可以啃了吗？【黑人问号脸】

[C] Spero has grown out of her bad habit

Spero已经摆脱了坏习惯

【分析】字面上意思来看啃指甲确实是个坏习惯，但是出题人会跟你讲这种个人习惯讲半天还出题的吗？以我们做题的经验来看肯定是英文中的什么比喻暗喻习语这些高大上的东西。（在这里是暗喻）

[D] Spero is not in a desperate situation

Spero尚未陷入绝境

【分析】不至于咬指甲就是情况还可以维持，加上后面句子的含义，但是远远不如想象中那么好了。逻辑是不是很通顺啦？那就是它了！

这边正确答案是D。

句子理解题

1、标志：在题干中明确指出原文中的某句话，要求理解其意思。

2、关键：对原句进行语法和词义的精确分析（找主干），应该重点抓原句的字面含义。若该句的字面含义不能确定，则依据上下文进行判断。注意：局部含义是由整体决定的。

3、句子理解题的错误选项干扰项特征：推得过远。做题时应把握住推的度。

4、思路： 对句子微观分析；不行就依据上下文；选择时不要推得过远。

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