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㈡ 新视野大学英语4：Unit1 Text A (课文+译文)
新视野大学英语4：Unit1 Text A (课文+译文)
你知道新视野大学英语4：Unit1 Text A都讲哪些内容吗?下面是我为大家带来的新视野大学英语4：Unit1 Text A，欢迎阅读。
Love and logic : the story of a fallacy
爱情与逻辑：谬误的故事
1.I had my first date with Polly after I mad the trade with my roommate Rob .That year every guy on campus had a leather jacket, and Rob couldn’t stand the idea of being the only football player who didn’t ,so he made a pact that he’d give me his girl in exchange for my jacket.He wasn’t the brightest guy.Polly wasn’t too shrewd,either.
1.在我和室友罗伯的交易成功之后，我和波莉有了第一次约会。那一年校园里每个人都有件皮夹克，而罗伯是校足球队员中唯一一个没有皮夹克的，他一想到这个就受不了，于是他和我达成了一项协议，用他的女友换取我的夹克;他可不那么聪明，而他的女友波莉也不太精明。
2.But she was pretty,well-off,didn’t dye her hair strange colors or wear too much makeup. She had the right background to be the girlfriend of a dogged,brilliant lawyer.IF I could show the elite law firms I applied to that I had a radiant,well-spoken counterpart by my side,I just might edge past the competition.
2.但她漂亮而且富有，也没有把头发染成奇怪的颜色或是化很浓的妆。她拥有合适的家庭背景，足以胜任一名坚忍而睿智的律师的女友。如果我能够让我所申请的顶尖律师事务所看到我身边伴随着一位光彩照人、谈吐优雅的另一半，我就有可能在竞聘中以微弱优势获胜。
3.“Radiant”she was already.I could dispense her enough pearls of wisdom to make her “well-spoken”.
3.“光彩照人”，他已经是了。而我也能施予她足够多的“智慧之珠”，让她变得“谈吐优雅”。
4.After a banner day out,I drove until we were situated under a big old oak tree on a hill off the expressway.What I had in mind was a little eccentric.I thought the venue with a perfect view of the luminous city wold lighten the mood.We stayed in the car, and I turned down the stereo and took my foot off the brake pedal.”What are we going to talk about?”she asked.
4.在一起外出度过了美好的一天之后，我驱车来到了高速公路旁一座小山上一棵古老的大橡树下。我的想法有些怪异，而这个地方能够俯瞰灯火灿烂的城区，我觉得他会使人的心情变得轻松。我们待在车子里，我调低了音响并把脚从刹车上挪开。“我们要谈些什么”她问道。
5.“Logic.”
“Cool,”she said over her gum.
“The doctrine of logic,”I said,”is a staple of clear thinking.Failures in logic distort the truth ,and some of them are well known.First let’s look at the fallacy Dicto Simpliciter.”
“Great,”she agreed.
“Dicto Simpliciter means an unqualified generalization. For example : Exercise is good.Therefore,everybody should exercise.”
She nodded in agreement.
5.“逻辑学。”
“好酷啊，”她一边嚼着口香糖一边说
“逻辑学的原理，”我说道，“即清晰思考的主要原则。逻辑上出现的问题会歪曲事实，其实有些还很普遍。我们先来看看一种叫做‘绝对判断’的逻辑谬误”
“好啊，”她表示同意。
“‘绝对判断’是指在证据不足的情况下所作出的推断，比方说：运动是有姨的，所以每个人都应该运动，”
她点头表示赞同。
6.I could see she was stumped.”Polly,”I explained,”it’s too simple a generalization. If you have,say,heart disease or extreme obesity, exercise is bad,not good.Therefore, you must say exercise is good for most people.”
6.我看得出她没弄明白。“波莉，”我解释说，“这个推荐太过简单化了。去过你有心脏病或者超级肥胖症什么的，运动就变得有害而不是有益。所以你应该说，运动对大多数人来说是有益的。”
7.“Next is Hasty Generalization.Self-explanatory,right?Listen carefully:You can’t speak French.Rob can’t speak French.Looks like nobody at this school can speak French.”
7.“接下来是‘草率结论’。这似乎不言自明，对吧?仔细听好了：你不会说法语，罗伯不会铄法语，那么这所学校里好像是没有人会说法语。”
8.“Really?”said Polly,amazed.”Nobody?”
“This is a fallacy,”I said.”The generalization is reached too hastily. Too few instances support such a conclusion.”
She seemed to have a good time. I could safely say my plan was underway.I took her home and set a date for another conversation.
Seated under the oak the next evening I said,”Our first fallacy tonight is called Ad Misericordiam.”
She nodded with delight.
“Listen closely,”I said .”A man applies for a job.When the boss asks him what his qualifications are,he says he six children to feed.”
“Oh,this is awful,awful,”she whispered in a choked voice.
“yes,it’s awful,”I agreed，”but it’s no argument.The man never answered the boss’s question.Instead he appealed to the boss’s sympathy-Ad Misericordiam.”
8.“是吗?”波莉吃惊地说。“没有人吗?”
“这也是一种逻辑谬误。”我说，“这一结论太草率了，因为能够支持这一结论的例证太少了。”
她似乎学的很开心，而我也可以放心第说我得计划正在稳步推进中。我把她送回家，并且定下了下一次约会交谈的日子。
第二天晚上，坐在那棵橡树下，我说：“今天晚上我们要谈的第一个逻辑谬论叫做‘文不对题’。”
她高兴地点了点头。
“听好了，”我说，“有个人去申请工作，当老板问他有什么应聘资格时，他说他有六个孩子要抚养。”
“哇，这太可怕了，太可怕了。”她哽咽着轻声说道。
“对，是挺可怕的，”我表示赞同地说，“但这不是理由。这个人根本没有回答老板的问题，而只是在博取老板的同情，这就是‘文不对题’。”
9.She blinked,still trying hard to keep back her tears.
“Next,”I said carefully,”we will discuss False Analogy.An example.students should be allowed to look at their textbooks ring exams,because surgeons have X-rays to guide them ring surgery.”
“I like that idea,”she said.
“Polly,”I groaned,”don’t derail the discussion.The inference is wrong.Doctors aren’t taking a test to see how mach they have learned ,but students are.The situations are altogether different.You can’t make an analogy between them.”
“I still think it’s a good idea,”said Polly.
9.她眨着眼睛，仍在竭力的忍住眼泪。
“接下来”，我小心的说，“我们来讨论‘错误类比’。举个例子：学生考试时应当允许看课本，因为外科医生在做手术时可以看x光片。”
“我喜欢这个主意，”她说。
“波莉，”我抱怨道，“别打岔这一推论是错误的。医生们不是在参加考试以检查他们学到了多少，而学生却是，他们的情况完全不同，你不能将他们类比。”
“我仍然认为这是一个好主意，”波莉说。
10.With five nights of diligent work,I actually made a logician out of Polly.She was an analytical thinker at last.The time had come for the conversion of our relationship from academic to romantic.
10.经过了五个晚上的辛勤努力，我竟然真的将波莉打造成了一个逻辑行家，他总算能过分析思考了。现在应该是时候让我们的关系从学术向浪漫发展了。
11.“Polly,”I said when next we sat under our oak,”tonight we won’t discuss fallacies.”
“Oh?”she said,a little disappointed.
Favoring her with a grin, I said ,”we have now spent five evenings together.We get along pretty well .We make a pretty good couple.”
“Hasty Generalization,”said Polly brightly.”Or as a normal person might say,that’s a little premature, don’t you think?”
11.“波莉，”当我们又一次坐在那棵橡树下的时候我对她说，“今晚我们不讨论逻辑谬论了。”
“哦?”她回答说。有一点失望。
我赞许地对她笑了笑，说:“我们在一起已经度过了五个晚上，相互之间挺合得来，我们是蛮相配的一对。”
“草率结论，”波莉伶俐地说，“或者是按一般人的说法，这个结论有些不成熟，你不这样认为吗?”
12.I laughed with amusement.She’d learned her lessons well,far surpassing my expectations,”Sweetheart.”I said, patting her hand in a tolerant manner,”five dates is plenty.After all,you don’t have to eat a whole cake to know it’s good.”
12.我被逗得笑了起来，她功课还真学的不错，大大超了我的预期。“亲爱的，”我开口说，同时宽容地拍了拍她的手，“五次约会已经够多了，毕竟你不需要吃掉整个蛋糕才知道它是不是好吃。”
13.“Fals Analogy,”said Polly promptly.”Your premise is that dating is like eating.But you’re not a cake.You’re a boy.”
13.“错误类比，”波莉立即回应。“你的前提是约会就如同吃东西。可你不是蛋糕，你是个男孩。”
14.I laughed with somewhat less amusement,hiding my dread that she’d learned her lessons too well.A few more false steps would be my doom.I decided to change tactics and try flattery instead.
14.我又笑了笑，不过不觉得那么有趣了，同时还不能表露出我害怕她学得太好了。再错几步我可就无法挽回了。我决定改变策略，转而尝试奉承她的办法。
15.“Polly,I love you.Please say you’ll go out with me.I’m nothing without you.”
“Ad Misericordiam,”she said.
15.“波莉，我爱你。答应做我的女朋友，没有你我什么也不是。”
“文不对题，”她说。
16.“You certainly can discern a fallacy when you see it,”I said,my hopes starting to crumble.”But don’t take them so literally.I mean this is all academic.You know the things you learn in school don’t have anything to do with real life.”
16.“你还真是能在遇到逻辑谬误时一一辨别它们了，”我说，心里的'希望已经开始动摇。“不过不要对他们太死板，我是说这都是些学术的东西。你知道，学校里学的东西和实际生活根本没有什么联系。”
17.“Dicto Simpliciter,”she said.”Besides,you really should practice what you preach.”
I leaped to my feet,my temper flaring up.”Will you or will you not go out with me?”
“No to your proposition,”she replied.
“Why?” I demanded
“I’m more interested in a different petitioner-Rob and I are back together.”
17.“绝对判断，”她说道，“而且，你自己教的东西应该自己身体力行。”
我一下跳了起来，怒火中烧“你到底愿不愿意做我的女朋友?”
“我不愿意，”她答道。
“为什么?”我追问。
“我对另一位求爱者更感兴趣-罗伯和我重归于好了。”
18.With great effort,I said calmly,”How could you give me the axe over Rob?Look at me,an ingenious student,a tremendous intellectual,a man with an assured future.Look at Rob,a muscular idiot,a guy who’ll never know where his next meal is coming from.Can you give me one good reason why you should be with him?”
18.我极力地保持着冷静，说道:“你怎么会甩了我而选择罗伯?看看我，一个聪明过人的学生，一个不同凡响的学者，一个前途无亮的人。在看看罗伯，一个肌肉发达的蠢材，一个有了上顿没下顿的家伙，你是否能给我一个充足的理由，为什么要选择跟他?”
19.“wow, what presumption!I’ll put it in a way someone as brilliant as you can understand,”retorted Polly,her voice dripping with sarcasm.”Full disclosure-I like Rob in leather.I told him to say yes to you so he could have your jacket!”
19“喔，这是什么假设啊!为了让像你这么聪明的人能够明白，我这么说吧，”波莉反驳道，声音里充满了讽刺，“事情的真相是一我喜欢罗伯穿皮衣。是我让他同意你们的协议的，这样他就能拥有你的夹克!”
新视野大学英语简介
《新视野大学英语》（第二版）系列教材是普通高等教育“十一五”国家级规划教材。本教材在保持第一版优势的基础上，依据《大学英语课程教学要求》的精神及大学英语教学的发展方向，对整体结构和内容进行了全面完善和提高。作为一套与现代信息技术相结合的立体化大学英语教材，《新视野大学英语》（第二版）通过课本、光盘、网络等不同载体的有机结合，为新形势下的大学英语教学提供多层次、多渠道、立体化的服务。
先进的教学理念：教材编写充分考虑教学过程，注重教学内容、教学模式、教学方法及教学手段的创新，遵循分类指导和因材施教的原则，倡导课堂教学与自主学习相结合，提高语言能力，培养学习策略。
完备的教材体系：系列教材包含1—4级，每级有《读写教程》、《听说教程》、《泛读教程》、《快速阅读》和《综合训练》。各教程自成一体，又相互联系，在巩固和强化专项能力的同时提高学生的语言综合应用能力。
丰富的主题内容：教材内容以主题为线索，涉及文化交流、道德情感、信息技术、科学教育、社会焦点等各个方面，选材注重信息性、趣味性、时代感和文化内涵，有助于开拓视野，培养人文素质和文化意识。
多样的活动设计：教材针对同步提供课本（Textbook）、光盘（CD—ROM）与网络课程（Online Course）三种不同载体，多层次、多渠道服务于大学英语教与学。
同步提供每级教材的试题库与测试工具、提供试题选择和增删功能，既支持传统课堂测试也支持无纸化测试。
网络课程中设计和制作了规模庞大的语料库，既为学科建设的持续发展提供基础，也为大学英语教师从事理论学习和研究提供方便。
;㈢ 新视野大学英语4：Unit3 TextB(课文+译文)
Building the dream of Starbucks
构筑星巴克梦想
1.Howard Schultz is not a household name to most North Americans, but those living in urban or suburban communities know his company: the specialty coffee retailer Starbucks. With impressive velocity, Starbucks has grown into the largest coffee roaster and retailer of specialty coffee in North America in a span of only a decade. By 2000, its coffee house could be found in more than 3000 locations worldwide; even President Bill Clinton was seen in a snapshot with a Starbucks brew in his hand. According to the US weekly magazine, Newsweek, Schultz’s merging of the three Cs - coffee, commerce and community - surely ranks as one of the ‘90s greatest retail successes.
1.霍华德·舒尔茨对大多数美国人来说不是一个家喻户晓的名字,但是住在城市或郊区的人知道他的公司:专门的咖啡零售商星巴克。以令人印象深刻的速度,星巴克已经在短短十年内成长为北美最大的咖啡烘焙商和专业咖啡零售商。到2000年,其咖啡馆可以在全世界超过3000个地点找到;就连克林顿总统在他的手上也看到了星巴克咖啡。根据美国周刊《新闻周刊》,舒尔茨的三个cs-咖啡、商业和社区的合并-当然是90年代最伟大的零售成功之一。
2.Schultz was born in 1953 and grew up in an extremely poor section of the Brooklyn borough of New York City. His mother worked as a receptionist, and his father held a variety of jobs, none of which offered decent pay or medical insurance. When Schultz was seven, his father lost his job as a delivery driver when he broke his ankle in an accident. In the ensuing months, the family was literally too poor to put food on the table.
2.舒尔茨出生于1953年,在纽约市布鲁克林区一个极其贫穷的地区长大。他的母亲作为接待员工作,他父亲持有各种工作,没有一个提供像样的工资或医疗保险。当舒尔茨7岁时,他的父亲在一次事故中摔断了脚踝,他失去了作为送货司机的工作。在接下来的几个月里,这个家庭简直太穷了,不能把食物放在桌子上。
3.During his youth, Schultz was hounded by the shame of his family’s “working poor” status. He escaped the hot Brooklyn summer one year to attend camp, but would not return when he learned it was for low-income families. He was teased by boys in high school and ashamed to tell his girlfriend where he lived. The harsh memories of those early times stayed with him for the rest of his life.
3.在他年轻的时候,舒尔茨受到家庭“工作不佳”状态的羞辱。他逃离了布鲁克林炎热的夏天去参加夏令营,但当他得知这是给低收入家庭时,他不会回来。他被高中男孩取笑,羞于告诉他的女朋友他住在哪里。那些早期的严酷记忆留在他的余生中。
4.Sports became an escape from the shame of poverty. Schultz earned an athletic scholarship to Northern Michigan University in 1975. He was the first person in his family to graate from college as none of his predecessors had training beyond vocational school.
4.体育成为摆脱贫穷的耻辱。舒尔茨在1975年获得了北密歇根大学的运动奖学金。他是家中第一个从大学毕业的人,因为他的前任没有一个是职业学校的培训。
5.The bud of inspiration for his phenomenal coffee business began growing in a 1983 visit to Milan, Italy. Schultz conceived of a new American way of life in the coffee bars of Milan. He sought to recreate such forums for people in the US to start their days or visit with friends. In 1987, at the age of 34,Schultz organized a group of investors and purchased the company that had formerly employed him, the Starbucks Coffee Company in Seattle, which he restructured as the Starbucks Corporation.
5.他非凡的咖啡业务的灵感萌芽于1983年访问意大利米兰。舒尔茨在米兰的咖啡馆里想出了一种新的'美国式生活方式。他试图为美国人民重建这样的论坛,以开始他们的日子或访问与朋友。1987年,在34岁时,舒尔茨组织了一批投资者,购买了以前聘用他的公司,西雅图的星巴克咖啡公司,他作为星巴克公司进行了改组。
6.The public verdict was overwhelmingly positive. Schultz's premium coffee bars were an instant success, acting as a stimulus of rapid growth and expansion not only for Starbucks but also for the coffee instry around the world. In 1992, Starbucks became the first specialty coffee company to go public, affirming its magnitude and prospects.
6.公众的判决非常积极。舒尔茨的优质咖啡酒吧是一种即时的成功,它作为一种刺激,不仅为星巴克,而且为世界各地的咖啡工业迅速增长和扩张。1992年,星巴克成为第一家上市的专业咖啡公司,肯定其规模和前景。
7.Starbucks' first major venture outside of the northwestern part of the nation was Chicago, where the company's specialty sales division developed new business with department stores and established Starbucks coffee bars adjacent to the business sections in national bookstores. Starbucks also formed a partnership with PepsiCo to create and distribute a new ready-to-drink coffee -based beverage, and entered into a licensing agreement with Kraft Foods. As company seeking to develop with a multilateral approach, Starbucks even developed a relationship with the music instry to sell Starbucks-tailored CDs of classical brass and orchestral music in the coffee bars.
7.星巴克在美国西北部的第一个主要风险企业是芝加哥,该公司的专业销售部门与百货商店发展了新业务,并在国家书店的业务部门附近建立了星巴克咖啡店。星巴克还与百事可乐建立了伙伴关系,以创建和分发一种新的现成的咖啡饮料,并与卡夫食品达成一项许可协议。作为寻求发展多边途径的公司,星巴克甚至发展了与音乐行业的关系,在咖啡吧出售量身定制的经典黄铜和管弦乐唱片。
8.When Starbucks opened its first store in New York City, it was a homecoming for Schultz, but he did not act like the head of the reigning royalty of coffee he had became. The New York Times commented, "The soft-spoken Mr.Schultz has barely a trace of a New York accent and a timid, almost apologetic manner."
8 .当星巴克在纽约开了第一家商店时,它是舒尔茨的回家之旅,但他不像以前的咖啡版税头头那样行事。《纽约时报》评论道,“这位软说话的先生。”。舒尔茨几乎没有一丝纽约口音和一种胆怯的,几乎是歉意的态度。
9.Schultz has also attracted considerable attention with his unconventional employment policies. He wanted to give Starbucks' employees both a philosophical and a financial stake in the business. He decreed that employees who worked the quota of 20 hours a week or more were eligible for medical, dental, and optical coverage as well as for stock options. At a time when other companies were trimming benefits as a cost-cutting measure, Schultz, who grew up in a family without any medical coverage, was vocal in his belief that genuinely caring about your employees is critical to building a sturdy workforce. "Service is a lost art in America," he told The New York Times. "I think people want to do a good job, but if they are treated poorly they get beaten down. We want to provide our people with dignity and self-esteem, and we can't do that with lip service." Starbucks stipulates that every employee with at least half-time hours can receive health-care benefits. Schultz credits the utilization of such a benefits policy as the key to the company's growth because it has given Starbucks a more dedicated workforce and an extremely high level of customer service. The chain also achieved a dramatically low turnover rate, half that of the average fast food business. This creates a significant numerical payoff for Starbucks, since new employee represents an expenditure of $3000 in recruiting and training costs and proctivity losses.
9.舒尔茨的非传统的就业政策也引起了人们的注意。他想给星巴克的员工一个哲学和财务上的利益。他规定,每周工作20小时或以上的员工有资格获得医疗、牙科和光学覆盖以及股票期权。在其他公司削减成本作为削减成本的措施时,在没有任何医疗保险的家庭中长大的舒尔茨,坚信真正关心员工对于建设一支强健的员工队伍至关重要。“服务是美国失去的艺术,”他对《纽约时报》说。“我认为人们想做一个好工作,但是如果他们被待遇很差,他们就会被打败。”。我们要为我们的人民提供尊严和自尊,我们不能用嘴唇来做。"星巴克规定,每个至少有半小时的员工可以享受医疗保健福利.舒尔茨把利用这种福利政策作为公司增长的关键,因为它赋予了星巴克一个更专门的员工队伍和一个极高的客户服务水平。该连锁店还实现了一个极低的周转率,平均快速食品业务的一半。这为星巴克创造了可观的数字回报,因为新员工在招聘和培训成本和生产力损失方面的支出为3000美元。
10.Schultz has remained firmly committed to employee and community enrichment, a philosophy which is embedded in the very core of Starbucks' business culture. He has never grown accustomed to success enough to forget his working-class roots. He dedicated his book to the memory of his father, whom he had once spoken harshly to and accused of a lack of ambition. They were words Schultz would regret the rest of his life, a reminiscence he wished he could scrub from his memory. His father received the diagnosis of lung cancer and died before his son became a millionaire. Schultz once told his audience that his crowning success was that “I got to build the kind of company that my father never got to work for.”
10 .舒尔茨仍然坚定地致力于员工和社区的丰富,一种根植于星巴克商业文化核心的哲学。他从未习惯于成功地忘记自己的阶级出身.他把书献给了他父亲的记忆,他曾经严厉地对他说过,并指责他缺乏野心。他们是舒尔茨会后悔他的余生,他希望他能从记忆中擦洗的回忆。他的父亲接受了肺癌的诊断,在他儿子成为百万富翁之前去世了。舒尔茨曾经告诉他的听众,他最大的成功是“我必须建立一种公司,这是我父亲从未为的。”
拓展阅读：大学英语写作技巧
一、文章结构
英语写作和汉语写作一样，要写出好文章除了要有好的内容外还少不了好的结构，而结构的好坏又取决于选词造句。
1. 切合主题
写作都有固定的主题，最忌讳的就是跑题。因此，一定要确保文章的内容与主题一致，否则再好的文章也是失败之作。
2. 措词
在写作时要选择准确、生动而形象的词，要有意识地使用俗语、成语等，这样可避免语言的单调贫乏，令文章生动而富有内涵。
3. 句子
写作忌枯燥乏味，不要用同一模式反复表达，可以尝试用多种方法来表达同一概念，不断变化句子结构，使语言丰富多彩。
二、 语法
我们写的文章，有时整篇没有几句通顺的话，这是因为忽视了语法。简单地说，语法就是一个句子的构成。明白了句子的构成就不会写出支离破碎的句子了。
语法学习很简单。有人或许会选择买厚厚的语法书来看，其实没有必要。看语法书枯燥无味，毫无感觉可讲，不如换种方法，放弃死记硬背，在阅读中学习语法。在阅读过程中我们会发现，同一个单词可能多次出现，而且作用不同，学会将这些常用词分类学习，语法学习也就容易多了。
三、单词
在大学英语学习过程中，单词对于大多数同学来说都是一大难题，然而在写作中单词的积累尤为重要。
对于记单词，我们可以在小本上抄写10个左右的单词，作为一天的任务，这样久而久之就会积累大量单词。另一种方法就是通过阅读记单词，在读的同时配合手写，这样不仅会读而且会写。
大学英语写作提升技巧
(1) 改变时态
The bell is ringing now. (一般)
There goes the bell! (高级)
(2) 改变语态
People suggests that the meeting be put off. (一般)
It is suggested that the meeting be put off. (高级)
(3) 使用不定式
He is so kind that he can do me a favor. (一般)
He is so kind as to do me a favor. (高级)
(4) 使用过去分词
Lisa walked out of the room and many guys followed her. (一般)
Followed by many guys, Lisa walked out of the lab. (高级)
(5) 使用v-ing 形式
When she arrives, please give me a call. (一般)
On her arriving, please give me a call. (高级)
(6) 使用名词性从句
She happened to have met him. (一般)
It happened that she had met him. (高级)
(7) 使用定语从句
The girl is spoken highly of. Her homework was well done. (一般)
The girl whose homework was well done is spoken highly of. (高级)
(8) 使用状语从句
I won’t believe what he says. (一般)
No matter what he says, I won’t believe. (高级)
(9) 使用虚拟语气
The patient didn’t die because there were the efforts of the doctor. (一般)
But for the efforts of the doctor, the patient would have died. (高级)
(10) 使用强调句型
I was born in 1987. (一般)
It was in 1987 that I was born. (高级)
(11) 使用倒装
Though I’m sick, I’ll carry on. (一般)
Sick as I am, I’ll carry on. (高级)
㈣ 新视野大学英语第四册课文加翻译
1、成名者之以是成名，大多是因为发挥了本身在讴歌、跳舞、绘画或撰着等方面的拿手，并能形成本身的气势派 。为了能快速走红，代办别人代理人会尽力吹嘘他们这类气势派头他们平步显要的地位的历程让人看不清楚 。他们到底是怎么乐成的，大多数人也都说不上来 。只管如此，艺术家仍然不能闲下来 。若演出者、画家或作家感应无聊，他们的作品就难以接续连结以前的魔力，也就难以连结公家的注重力 。公家的热忱消磨往后，就会去追捧下一个走红的人 。有些艺术家为了不后进，会对他们的撰着、跳舞或唱歌的气势派头略加变更，但这将冒泼天的掉宠的危险 。公家对于他们藉以成名的艺术气势派头之外的不论什么情势都将掉以轻心。
1, famous to fame, mostly because the play itself in singing, dancing, painting, or written with the specialty, and can form itself of the vehemence of the pie. In order to quickly became popular, the agents will try to bragging about their this kind of imposing manner style they step prominent position of course people do not know. How they are happy, most people can not say. Nevertheless, the artist is still not free. Even if a play, writer or artist inction boring, their work is difficult to continue connected magic, is difficult to maintain the public's attention. Public spending will go back warmly, sought a popular person. Some artists in order to not backward, to their essays, dancing or singing the imposing manner style changes, but it will take a great pet out of danger. For the public to fame outside of their art style no matter what the situation will be let down.
2、知名作家的文风一眼就能见患上，如田纳西·威廉斯的戏剧、欧内斯特·海明威的情节摆设、罗伯特·弗罗斯特或 T.S.艾略特的诗歌等 .同样，像莫奈、雷诺阿、达利如许的画家，希区柯克、费里尼、斯皮尔伯格、陈凯歌或张艺谋如许的电影建造人也是如此 .他们鲜明奇特的艺术气势派头标记着与旁人不同的艺术情势上的重大变革，这让他们求名求利， 但也让他们付出了代价，那就是掉去了用其他气势派头或情势表现自我的自由。
2, the famous writer's style of writing one eye can see suffering from, such as Tennessee Williams's drama, Ernest Hemingway's plot, furnishings, Robert Frost or T. S. Eliot's poetry. Similarly, like Mo painter Monet, Renoir, Dali such Hitchcock, Fellini, Spielberg, Chen Kaige or Zhang Yimou such film build so. Their distinct and peculiar artistic imposing manner style marked major change and others different art forms, which makes them fame and fortune, but also allow them to pay the price, that is off to the freedom of self express with other imposing manner style or situation.
3、名气这盏聚光灯可比回归森林还要炙热 圈套很快会被揭穿，过多的关注带来的压力会让大多数人难以蒙受. 它让你掉去自我你必须是公家认可的阿谁你，而不是真正的你或是可能的你 .艺人，就像政客同样，必须常常说些违心或连本身都不纯粹信赖的话来取悦听众。
3, fame's spotlight than returning to the forest also hot trap soon will be exposed, too much attention to bring the pressure will be for most to suffer. It enables you to fall to self and you must is recognized by the public, O you who, rather than the real you or possible you. Artists, politicians are a lot like equally, must be used to say some unwillingly or even itself are not pure trust the words to please the audience.
4、一滴名气之水有可能玷辱人的心魄这一整口井，因此一个艺术家若能连结真我，会非分特别让人齰舌. 你可能答不上来哪一些人没有妥协，却仍然在这场名利的游戏中获胜 .一个例子就是爱尔兰着名作家奥斯卡·王尔德，他在社交举动和性举动方面以我行我素而闻名于世虽则他的举动受到公家的阻挡，却傲然故我，他也因此付出了凄惨的代价 .在一次宴席上，他一位密友的母亲当着他的伴侣和崇拜者的面，诘问诘责他在性方面影响了她的儿子 他听了她的话往后大为光火，起诉了这个年青人的母亲，声称她毁了本身的“好”名声 .但是.他真该请一个更好的状师.结果是，法官不仅不撑持他提出的让这个女人补偿他名声损掉费的请求，反倒对他本人举行了罚款 .他由于拒交罚款终极还被送进了牢狱更糟的是，他再也没有办法获患上更多公家的宠爱 .在最糟的时辰，他发现没有一个人愿意拿本身的名声冒险来替他措辞 .为连结真我，他付出的代价是，在最需要崇拜者时，谁也不睬他 。
4、一滴名气之水有可能玷辱人的心魄这一整口井，因此一个艺术家若能连结真我，会非分特别让人齰舌. 你可能答不上来哪一些人没有妥协，却仍然在这场名利的游戏中获胜 .一个例子就是爱尔兰着名作家奥斯卡·王尔德，他在社交举动和性举动方面以我行我素而闻名于世虽则他的举动受到公家的阻挡，却傲然故我，他也因此付出了凄惨的代价 .在一次宴席上，他一位密友的母亲当着他的伴侣和崇拜者的面，诘问诘责他在性方面影响了她的儿子 他听了她的话往后大为光火，起诉了这个年青人的母亲，声称她毁了本身的“好”名声 .但是.他真该请一个更好的状师.结果是，法官不仅不撑持他提出的让这个女人补偿他名声损掉费的请求，反倒对他本人举行了罚款 .他由于拒交罚款终极还被送进了牢狱更糟的是，他再也没有办法获患上更多公家的宠爱 .在最糟的时辰，他发现 No one is willing to take its reputation risk for his rhetoric. In order to connect me, he pays the price is, in the most in need of admirers, who also ignore him really..
㈤ 新视野大学英语4：Unit2 TextA课文+译文
新视野大学英语4：Unit2 TextA课文+译文
新视野大学英语4：Unit2 TextA的课文题目是对美丽的追求。下面是我为大家带来的新视野大学英语4：Unit2 TextA(课文+译文)，欢迎阅读。
1.If you're a man, at some point a woman will ask you how she looks.
2.You must be careful how you answer this question. The best technique is to from an honest yet sensitive response, then promptly excuse yourself for some kind of emergency. Trust me, this is the easiest way out. No amount of rehearsal will help you come up with the right answer.
1.如果你是一位男士，肯定在某个时候会有女士问你她看起来怎么样。
2.对于如何应对这个问题，你一定得小心。最好的对策是给你个诚实但又谨慎的回答。然后借口有急事马上脱身。相信我，这是最简单的方法，对于她的这一问题，无论你事先练习多少次，都不会找到正确答案。
3.He problem is that men do not think of themselves in seventh grade and stick to it for the rest of themselves in seventh grade and stick to it for the rest of their lives. Some men think they're irresistibly desirable, and they refuse to change this opinion even when they grow bald and their faces visibly wrinkle as they age.
3.其原因是，男性和女性对外表的看法截然不同，大多数男性对自己的外表在七年级的时候就形成了，而且终生不变，有些男性认为自己有不可抗拒的魅力，即使随着年龄的增长，他们的头发掉光了，脸上布满皱纹，他们仍然拒绝改变这种看法。
4.Most men, I believe, are not arrogant about their minds at all, they like to think of themselves as average-looking. Being average doesn't bother them; average is fine. They don't affix much value to their looks, or think of them in terms of aesthetics. Their primary form of beauty care is to shave themselves, which is essentially the same care they give to their lawns. If, at the end of his four-minute allotment of time for grooming, a man has managed of wipe most of the shaving cream out of the strands of his hair and isn't bleeding too badly, he feels he's done all he can.
4.我相信,大多数人对他们的想法并不傲慢,他们喜欢把自己看成是普通人。平均不会打扰他们;平均是很好。他们不会给他们的外表贴上多少价值,也不能从美学角度考虑他们。他们的.主要美容形式是刮胡子,这与他们给自家草坪的护理基本相同。如果在他的四分钟时间分配给他的时候,一个男人已经设法将大部分剃须从他的头发斯特兰兹了,而且不会太严重,他觉得他已经尽力了。
5.Women do not look at themselves this way. If I had to guess what most women think about their appearance, it would be:"Not good enough." No matter how attractive a woman may be, her perception of herself is eclipsed by the beauty instry. She has trouble thinking"I'm beautiful." She magnifies the smallest imperfections in her body and imagines them as glaring flaws the whole world will notice and ridicule.
5.女性可不是这样看待自己的，如果非要我猜测大多数女性对自己的相貌是如何评价的话，那肯定是"还不够好"，一位女士，无论她看起来多么吸引人，他对自己的看法总是由于受美容业的影响而蒙着一层阴影。要他认为"我很漂亮"是一件难事。他把身体上的极小的不完美之处加以放大，并且幻想这些缺点十分明显以至于全世界的人都会注意到并且嘲笑他 。
6.Why do women consider their looks so deficient? This chronic insecurity isn't inborn, but created though the interaction of many complex psychological and societal factors, beginning so that, if they were human, they would be seven feet tall and weigh 61 pounds, with tiny thighs and a large upper body. This is an absurd standard to live up to, especially when you consider the size of the doll's waist, a relative measurement physically impossible for a living human to achieve. Contrast this absurd standard with that presented to little boys with their "action figures". Most of the toys that young boys have played with were weird-looking, like the one called Buzz-Off that was part human, part flying insect. This guy was not a looker, but he was still extremely self-confident. You could not imagine him saying to the others,"Is this accessory the right shade of violet for this outfit?"
6.为什么女性会把自己的外貌想的这么差呢? 这种长期的不安全感并不是与生俱来的，而是由许多复杂的心理和社会因素的相互作用造成的从小时候大人们给他们买洋娃娃时候开始了，女孩成长过程中摆弄的洋娃娃，如果按照身材比例还原位真人大小的话，就会是7英尺高，61英镑重，大腿纤细，上身丰满，要达到这样的标准是很荒唐的，尤其是当我们想想那种洋娃娃的腰围尺寸，就知道其相对尺寸对任何一个活人来说都是不可企及的，与女孩玩具的这种荒唐标准相比小男孩们得到的动作玩哦却是完全不同的模样。大多数男孩的玩具都样貌古怪，例如那个叫做"蜜蜂侠"的玩哦，一半像人，一半是会飞的昆虫。这个玩哦尽管样子不好看，但仍然非常自信，你肯定无法想象他会问别人说"这个配饰的紫罗兰色和这件外套配不配呢?
7.But women grow up thinking they need to look like Barbie dolls or girls on magazine covers, which for most women is impossible. Nonetheless, the multibillion-dollar beauty instry, complete with its own aisle in the grocery store, is devoted to constant warfare on female self-esteem, convincing women that they must buy all the newest moisturizing creams, bronzing powders and appliances that promise to "stimulate and restore" their skin. I once saw an Oprah Show in which supermodel Cindy Crawford dispensed makeup tips to the studio audience. Cindy had all these middle-aged women apply clay masks and other"wrinkle-removing" procts to their faces; she stressed how important it was to adhere to the guidelines, like applying procts via the tips of their fingers to protect elasticity. All the women tifully did this, even though it was obvious to any rational observer that, no matter how carefully they applied these procts, they would never have Cindy Crawford's face or complexion.
7.然而，女性在成长过程中却认为自己应该长得像芭比娃娃或杂志封面的封面女郎一样，这对大多数女性来说是不可能的。尽管如此，产值达几十亿美元的美容业，在超市化妆品销售专区的配合下，总是在不停地攻击着女性的自尊，使其相信自己只有购买最新的保湿面霜、古铜散粉，以及各种美容器具，才能“激发和恢复”肌肤活力。我曾经看过一期《奥普拉脱口秀》，在节目中，超级名模辛迪·克劳馥和演播室里的观众分享了自己的化妆秘笈。辛迪要求这些中年妇女在脸上敷上黏土面膜和其他祛皱产品;她还强调一定要遵守这些方法，例如：往脸上涂抹这些产品时，要用指尖，这样可以保持肌肤的弹性。所有这些妇女都非常忠实地按照辛迪说的做了。可是对任何一个理智的旁观者来说，无论她们如何认真的使用这些产品，他们都不可能拥有辛迪那样的面容或肤色。
8.I'm not saying that men are superior. I'm just saying that you're not going to get a group of middle-aged men to plaster cosmetics to themselves under the instruction of Brad Pitt in hopes of looking more like him. Men don't face the same societal focus purely on physical beauty, and they're encouraged to reach out to other characteristics to promote their self-esteem. They might say to Bard:"Oh yeah? Well, what do you know about lawn care, pretty boy?"
8. 我并不是说男性优于女性。我的意思是你不可能让一群中年男子在布拉德·皮特的指导下把化妆品敷到自己脸上，期望自己能看起来更像布拉德。与女性不同，男性的外貌美不是社会所关注的唯一焦点。人们会鼓励男性借助其他特征来提升自尊。他们也许会对布拉德说：“是吗?那么帅哥，你对维护草坪又知道多少?”
9.Of course women argue that they become obsessed with appearance as a reaction to pressure from men. The truth is that most men think beauty is more than just lipstick and perfume and take no notice of these extra details. I have never once, in more than 40 years of listening to men talk about women, heard a man say,"She had gorgeous fingernails!" To most men, little things like fingernails are all homogeneous anyway, and one woman's flawless pink polish is exactly as invisible as another's bare nails.
9. 当然，女性会争辩说她们对外表的热衷追求是出于对来自男性的压力的一种反应。而事实是，大多数男性认为美丽不仅仅来自于口红和香水，而且他们不会去注意这些额外的细节。四十多年来，我在听男性谈论女性时，从来没有一次听到过哪位男性这样说：“她的指甲真漂亮啊!”对大多数男性来说，像指甲这样小的东西看起来都一样，无论一个女生的指甲是用粉色指甲油涂的完美无瑕，还是光光的毫无修饰，男性都一概视而不见。
10.By participating in this system of extreme conformity, women are actually opening themselves up to the scrutiny of other women, the only ones qualified to judge their efforts. What is the real benefit of working this hard to appease men who don't notice when it only exposes women to prosecution from other women?
10.女性参与这种极端的从众行为，实际上是把自己置于其他女性的审视之下，因为只有那些女性才有资格评价她们所付出的努力。但是，如此费力地去取悦男性而他们根本不会注意，同时又只是招致其它女性的指责，这样做究竟有什么好处呢?
11.Anyway, to get back to my original point: If you're a man, and a woman asks you how she looks, you can't say she looks bad without receiving immediate and well-deserved outrage. But you also can't shower her with empty compliments about how her shoes complement her dress nicely because she'll know you're lying. She has spent countless hours worrying about the differences between her looks and Cindy Crawford's. Also, she suspects that you're not qualified to voice a subjective opinion on anybody's appearance. This may be because you have shaving cream in your hair and inside the folds of your ears.
11.不管怎样，言归正传：如果你是一位男性，当有女士问你她看起来怎么样时，你千万不能说她看起来很糟糕，那样肯定会使她立刻迁怒于你，这也是你咎由自取。但是，你也不能慷慨地大放空洞之词，赞美她的鞋子和裙子是多么相配，因为她知道你是在说谎。她已经花费了无数个小时发愁自己的容貌不能和辛迪·克劳馥的一样。而且，也许因为你的头发和耳廓上粘着剃须膏，她会怀疑你根本没有资格对任何人的外表给出主观评价。
;㈥ 新视野大学英语第四册 unit8A A meaningful life
A meaningful life（有意义的人生）
第十三部分
One essential mark of living well is to be satisfied with one's accomplishments when taking a retrospective look at life and to be able to accept death and face infinity calmly.
Henry's life seemed to lack many of the things that most of us take for granted as essential to a good life. He never married or had a long-term live-in relationship.
He had no children or successors. He never went to concerts to the theater or to fine restaurants.
He didn't bring antibiotics to the needy or vaccinate the poor. He was never called a hero like the caped crusaders of our comic books.
There is no fancy stone for him at the cemetery after his death. He just cared for the weakest creatures in his society.
What gave Henry Spira's life depth and purpose? What did he and others find meaningful in the way he lived his life?
一个人活得好的一个根本标志就是，在他回首自己人生的时候，他对自己的成就感到满意，而且能够冷静地接受死亡、面对永恒。
亨利的人生似乎缺少了我们大多数人想当然地认为美好人生所必须具备的很多东西。
他一生未婚，也从未经历过长期的恋爱同居关系；他没有孩子或别的继承人；他从来不去音乐会、剧院或高级饭店；他也没有给生活艰难者带去抗生素或是给贫困者接种疫苗。
他从来没有像我们的漫画书中那些披着斗篷的社会改革家那样被称为英雄。他死后墓地上也没有什么精致的墓碑。他只是关心社会中脆弱的生灵。
是什么让亨利·斯皮拉的生活富有深度、目标明确呢？在他的这种生活中，他，以及其他人，又发现了什么有意义的东西呢？
㈦ 大学英语精读第四册Unit One课文介绍
大学英语精读第四册Unit One课文介绍
导语：我们都曾幻想自己有一大笔钱，下面是一篇讲述获得一大笔钱的简单方式的英语课文，欢迎大家学习。
Text
Two college-age boys, unaware that making money usually involves hard work, are tempted by an advertisement that promises them an easy way to earn a lot of money. The boys soon learn that if something seems to good to be true, it probably is.
BIG BUCKS THE EASY WAY
John G. Hubbell
"You ought to look into this," I suggested to our two college-age sons. "It might be a way to avoid the indignity of having to ask for money all the time." I handed them some magazines in a plastic bag someone bad hung on our doorknob. A message printed on the bag offered leisurely, lucrative work ("Big Bucks the Easy Way!") of delivering more such bags.
"I don't mind the indignity," the older one answered.
"I can live with it," his brother agreed.
"But it pains me," I said，"to find that you both have been panhandling so long that it no longer embarrasses you."
The boys said they would look into the magazine-delivery thing. Pleased, I left town on a business trip. By midnight I was comfortably settled in a hotel room far from home. The phone rang. It was my wife. She wanted to know how my day had gone.
"Great!" I enthused. "How was your day?" I inquired.
"Super!" She snapped. "Just super! And it's only getting started. Another truck just pulled up out front."
"Another truck?"
"The third one this evening. The first delivered four thousand Montgomery Wards. The second brought four thousand Sears, Roebucks. I don't know what this one has, but I'm sure it will be four thousand of something. Since you are responsible, I thought you might like to know what's happening.
What I was being blamed for, it turned out, was a newspaper strike which made it necessary to hand-deliver the advertising inserts that normally are included with the Sunday paper. The company had promised our boys $600 for delivering these inserts to 4,000 houses by Sunday morning.
"Piece of cake!" our older college son had shouted.
" Six hundred bucks!" His brother had echoed, "And we can do the job in two hours!"
"Both the Sears and Ward ads are four newspaper-size pages," my wife informed me. "There are thirty-two thousand pages of advertising on our porch. Even as we speak, two big guys are carrying armloads of paper up the walk. What do we do about all this?"
"Just tell the boys to get busy," I instructed. "They're college men. They'll do what they have to do."
At noon the following day I returned to the hotel and found an urgent message to telephone my wife. Her voice was unnaturally high and quavering. There had been several more truckloads of ad inserts. "They're for department stores, dime stores, drugstores, grocery stores, auto stores and so on. Some are whole magazine sections. We have hundreds of thousands, maybe millions, of pages of advertising here! They are crammed wall-to-wall all through the house in stacks taller than your oldest son. There's only enough room for people to walk in, take one each of the eleven inserts, roll them together, slip a rubber band around them and slide them into a plastic bag. We have enough plastic bags to supply every takeout restaurant in America!" Her voice kept rising, as if working its way out of the range of the human ear. "All this must be delivered by seven o'clock Sunday morning."
"Well, you had better get those guys banding and sliding as fast as they can, and I'll talk to you later. Got a lunch date.
When I returned, there was another urgent call from my wife.
"Did you have a nice lunch?" she asked sweetly. I had had a marvelous steak, but knew better by now than to say so.
"Awful," I reported. "Some sort of sour fish. Eel, I think."
"Good. Your college sons have hired their younger brothers and sisters and a couple of neighborhood children to help for five dollars each. Assembly lines have been set up. In the language of diplomacy, there is 'movement.'"
"That's encouraging."
"No, it's not," she corrected. "It's very discouraging. They're been as it for hours. Plastic bags have been filled and piled to the ceiling, but all this hasn't made a dent, not a dent, in the situation! It's almost as if the inserts keep reprocing themselves!"
"Another thing," she continued. "Your college sons must learn that one does not get the best out of employees by threatening them with bodily harm.
Obtaining an audience with son NO. 1, I snarled, "I'll kill you if threaten one of those kids again! Idiot! You should be offering a bonus of a dollar every hour to the worker who fills the most bags.
"But that would cut into our profit," he suggested.
"There won't be any profit unless those kids enable you to make all the deliveries on time. If they don't, you two will have to remove all that paper by yourselves. And there will be no eating or sleeping until it is removed."
There was a short, thoughtful silence. Then he said, "Dad, you have just worked a profound change in my personality."
"Do it!"
"Yes, sir!"
By the following evening, there was much for my wife to report. The bonus program had worked until someone demanded to see the color of cash. Then some activist on the work force claimed that the workers had no business settling for $5 and a few competitive bonuses while the bossed collected hundreds of dollars each. The organizer had declared that all the workers were entitled to $5 per hour! They would not work another minute until the bosses agreed.
The strike lasted less than two hours. In mediation, the parties agreed on $2 per hour. Graally, the huge stacks began to shrink.
As it turned out, the job was completed three hours before Sunday's 7 a.m. deadline. By the time I arrived home, the boys had already settled their accounts: $150 in labor costs, $40 for gasoline, and a like amount
for gifts—boxes of candy for saintly neighbors who had volunteered station wagons and help in delivery and dozen roses for their mother. This left them with $185 each — about two-thirds the minimum wage for the 91 hours they worked. Still, it was "enough", as one of them put it, to enable them to "avoid indignity" for quite a while.
All went well for some weeks. Then one Saturday morning my attention was drawn to the odd goings-on of our two youngest sons. They kept carrying carton after carton from various corners of the house out the front door to curbside. I assumed their mother had enlisted them to remove junk for a trash pickup. Then I overheard them discussing finances.
"Geez, we're going to make a lot of money!"
"We're going to be rich!"
Investigation revealed that they were offering " for sale or rent" our entire library.
"No! No!" I cried. "You can't sell our books!"
"Geez, Dad, we thought you were done with them!"
"You're never 'done' with books," I tried to explain.
"Sure you are. You read them, and you're done with them. That's it. Then you might as well make a little money from them. We wanted to avoid the indignity of having to ask you for……"
New Words
buck
n. (sl.) U.S. dollar
plastic
a. 塑料的
n. (pl) 塑料
doorknob
n. 门把手
leisurely
a. unhurried 从容的，慢慢的'
leisure
n. free time 空闲时间，闲暇
lucrative
a. profitable 有利的;赚钱的
pain
vt. cause pain to
panhandle
vi. (AmE) beg. esp. on the streets
delivery
n. delivering (of letters, goods, etc.)投递;送交
enthuse
vi. show enthusiasm
inquire
vt. ask
super
a. (colloq.) wonderful, splendid; excellent
snap
vt. say(sth.) sharply 厉声说
insert
n. 插页
normally
ad. in the usual conditions; ordinarily 通常
company
n. 公司
echo
vt. say or do what another person says or does; repeat 附和;重复
ad
n. (short for) advertisement
inform
vt. tell; give information 告知
porch
n. (AmE) veranda 门廊
armload
n. as much as one arm or both arms can hold; armful
walk
n. a path specially arranged or paved for walking 人行道
unnaturally
ad. in an unnatural way 不自然地
quaver
vi. (of the voice or sound) shake; tremble 颤抖
truckload
n. as much or as many as a truck can carry
department store
n. store selling many different kinds of goods in separate departments 百货公司
dime
n. coin of U.S. and Canada worth ten cents
dime store
n. (AmE) a store selling a large variety of low-priced articles; variety store 廉价商品店;小商口店
drugstore
n. (AmE) a store that sells not only medicine, but also beauty procts, film, magazines, and food 药店，杂货店
grocery
n. a store that sells food and household supplies 食品杂货店
section
n. part of subdivision of a piece of writing, book, newspaper, etc.; portion (文章等的)段落;节;部分
cram
vt. fill too full; force or press into a small space 把……塞满;把……塞进
stack
n. an orderly; heap or group of things 一叠(堆、垛等)
band
n. flat, thin piece of material 带;带状物
vt. tie up with a band 捆扎
rubber band
n. 橡皮筋
takeout
a. (餐馆)出售外卖菜的
range
n. the distance at which one can see or hear (听觉、视觉等)的范围
marvel(l)ous
a. wonderful; astonishing
steak
n. 牛排;大块肉(或鱼)片
sour
a. 酸的
eel
n. 鳗鲡
diplomacy
n. 外交
encouraging
a. 鼓舞人心的
dent
n. a hollow in a hard surface made by a blow or pressure; initial progress凹痕，凹坑，初步进展
reproce
vt. proce the young of (oneself or one's own kind) 生殖，繁殖
bodily
a. of the human body; physical
harm
n. damage or wrong 伤害
audience
n. the people gathered in a place to hear or see; a chance to be heard 观众;听众;陈述意见的机会
snarl
vt. speak in a harsh voice 咆哮着说
bonus
n. an extra payment to workers 奖金
thoughtful
a. give to or indicating thought 沉思的，思考的
cash
n. money in coins or notes 现金
activist
n. a person taking an active part esp. in a political movement 激进分子
work force
n. total number of workers employed in a particular factory, instry or area 工人总数;劳动人口
competitive
a. 竞争的
organizer
n. person who organizes things 组织者
mediation
n. 调解
party
n. one of the people or sides in an agreement or argument 一方;当事人
graally
ad. slowly and by degrees.
graal
a.
shrink (shrank, shrunk)
vi. become less or smaller 减少;变小
deadline
n. fixed limit of finishing a piece of work 最后期限
station wagon
n. 小型客车，客货两用车
minimum (pl. minima or minimums)
n. the smallest possible amount, number, etc. 最低限度的量、数等
minimum wage
n. the lowest wage permitted by law or by agreement for certain work 法定最工资
odd
a. strange; unusual
goings-on
n. activities, usu. of an undesirable kind
carton
n. a cardboard box for holding goods 纸板箱(或盒) curbside
n. the area of sidewalk at or near curb (curb: 人行道的镶边石)
enlist
vt. obtain the support and help of; cause to join the armed forces 取得……的支持和帮助;征募
trash
n. waste material to be thrown away; rubbish 垃圾
pickup
n. a small light truck with an open back used for light deliveries 小卡车;轻型货车
overhear
vt. hear by chance; hear without the knowledge of the speaker(s)无意中听到;偷听到
finance
n. money matters; (used in pl.) money; (science of ) the management of funds 财政;钱财;金融
geez
int.哎呀，呀
sale
n. the act of selling sth.
Phrases & Expressions
pull up
bring or come to a stop (使)停下
a piece of cake
(informal) sth. very easy to do
even as
just at the same moment as
know better than
be wise or experienced enough not (to do sth.) 明事理而不至于
be at
be occupied with, be doing
make a dent (in)
make less by a very small amount; rece slightly; make a first step towards success(in)减少一点;取得初步进展
cut into
rece; decrease 减少
have no business
have no right or reason 无权，没有理由
settle for
accept, although not altogether satisfactory (无可奈何地)满足于
settle one's account
pay what one owes 结帐
quite a while
a fairly long time
draw(sb.'s) attention to
make sb. notice, or be aware of
for sale
intended to be sold
for rent
available to be rented
be done with
stop doing or using; finish 做完，不再使用
may/might/could as well
with equal or better effect 不妨，还不如，最好
Proper Names
Montgomery Ward
蒙哥马利—沃德百货公司
Sears, Roebuck
西尔斯—罗百克百货公司
;㈧ 求新编大学英语4所有文章的课文大意翻或课文大意翻译 100分，如果满意还可以增加
去书店买 有
㈨ 大学英语精读第四册课文deer and the energy cycle翻译
翻译为：鹿和能量循环
大学英语精读(第三版) 第四册:Unit2A Deer and the Energy Cycle(1)翻译：
Is there anything we can learn from deer? During the "energy crisis" of 1973-1974 the writer of this essay was living in northern Minnesota and was able to observe how deer survive when winter arrives. The lessons he learns about the way deer conserve energy turn out applicable to our everyday life.
有什么是我们能从鹿身上学到的吗？在1973-1974年的"能源危机"期间，本文作者正住在明尼苏达北部，能够观察当冬天来临时，鹿如何生存。他从鹿储存能量的方法上得到的经验也能够运用到我们的日常生活中。
.'tlove;it'smoney..foodisconvertedintoenergy,,toreproceandtosurvive.Onthiscyclealllifedepends.
有些人说，爱情驱使世界运转；另一些并不那么罗曼蒂克而更为注重实际的人则说，不是爱情，而是金钱。但真实情况是，能量驱使世界运转。能量是生态系统的货币，只有当食物转变为能量，能量再用来获取更多的食物以供生长、繁殖和生存，生命才成为可能。所有生命都维系在这一循环上。
stheycanringtimesofplenty,thesummerandfall,storingtheexcess,usuallyintheformoffat,disscarce.,.
差不多众所周知，野生动物得以年复一年地生存下去，主要依靠在夏秋生长旺季尽量多吃，通常将多余的部分以脂肪的形式储存起来，然后到了冬天食物稀少的艰难时期，就用这些储备的脂肪来维持生命。然而，很可能鲜为人知的是，即使有储备的脂肪，野生动物在冬天消耗的能量比夏天要少。
(9)大学英语第四版课文阅读扩展阅读：
《大学英语精读》：
教材由复旦大学、北京大学、华东师范大学、中国人民大学、武汉大学和南京发工编写，复旦大学董亚芬担任总主编。
《大学英语精读》(1学生用书第3版）为精读的第一册共有十个单元。
每一单元由课文、生词、注释、练习、阅读练习和有引导的写作等九个部分组成。
选材力求题材、体裁多样，内容丰富有趣并有定的启发性。
讲解课文时就从全篇内容着眼，并对一些常用词和词组的用法进行分析，既要防止只讲语言点而忽略通篇内容，避免只注意文章内容而忽视语言基础训练。
生词释义采用英、汉结合的方式。注释尽量用浅近的英语。