初中英语阅读理解人物
初中英语阅读理解常见题型及答题技巧
中考阅读理解不仅是令很多考生感到头痛的题型，也是最能拉开考生分数差距的题型。曾经就有人用"成也阅读，败也阅读"来形容中考阅读，足可见其重要性。通过对近几年中考试卷的研究发现，中考阅读理解的主要考查方式其实只有两种：主观题型和客观题型。关于这一点我们稍后再做详细介绍。我们先来了解一下中考所考查文章的体裁与内容，通过对近几年中考试卷的总结研究，中考阅读理解对于体裁的考查较多样，多为记叙文、说明文、应用文，有时也会考议论文。总之对于体裁的考查不会太单一。而文章的题材内容也比较丰富，一般会有小故事、日常生活事件、报刊杂志内容、文化习俗、名人轶事等。
首先，我们分析客观题的题目设置。主要有三种形式：一、细节题；二、概括题；三、推测题。那么，什么是细节题呢？就是那些考查文章中有关事情发生的具体细节的题目，如：时间、地点、人物、事件经过、方式、结果等；什么是概括题呢，就是从文章的整体层面上设置的一类综合性题目，如：为文章选择一个恰当的题目、推测本文作者想要表达的中心思想以及写作目的等；最后一种推测题是这几种题型中难度最大的，它需要建立在对整篇文章内容熟悉掌握的基础上，主要出题形式有根据文章的上下文，猜测某一个单词或者短语在该情景中的具体含义，根据所给的部分文章内容，推测文章的结尾等。
了解了客观题的出题规律，接下来就是解题技巧了。
首先，一般题目的出题模式都是一个段落出一道题，因此，同学们做题时可以按照这个思路，一段一段的向下找答案。对于做题前先看题目还是先读文章，这是一个仁者见仁智者见智的问题，同学们可以根据自己的阅读习惯进行选择。如果是先读文章的话，在通读文章的过程中一定要有意识地把一些关键词句用铅笔（tips:一定要用铅笔，而且做完题一定要用橡皮擦掉）勾画下来，以便答题时能迅速准确的找到相应的答案。如果考试时间紧张的话，最好的办法就是先读题，带着问题根据每一段开头的主题句，到相应的`段落中寻找答案。
接下来我们分析主观题的题目设置。主要有两种形式：一、根据课文内容回答问题；二、根据文章内容完成表格，翻译文章中的句子。对于这两种题型，我们应该如何解决呢？首先，有的问题的答案可以直接在文章中找到，但是需要我们足够的细心以及足够的耐心，读文章不能一带而过，一目十行。对于那些需要我们将有关信息重新组合的题目，一定要细心思考，涵盖所有信息。另外，有的问题还需要我们表达自己的观点，切记一定要结合文章的整体内容方向进行总结，再简单明了地表述出来。同学们在做这类题目的时候需要注意以下几点：1.回答不宜多多益善，而要言简意赅，一针见血；2. 无论是英译汉还是汉译英，都要符合各自语言的表达方式以及表达习惯，不能逐字逐句的强翻。
看到这里，也许有的同学会说，这些方法都太晦涩，有没有一些实际可行的从零开始的方法来提高自己的阅读成绩呢？答案是肯定的。同学们只要坚持以下几点，提高阅读能力是绝对没有问题的。
一、多练习。 理论再多再精彩终究不能做对题，"纸上谈兵"永远不如"投入实战重要"；
二、要有耐心。 阅读需要耗费大量的时间与精力，同时也需要你有足够的耐心。虽然过程是痛苦的，但只要你坚持下去，终会有苦尽甘来的一天。
三、掌握一定的阅读方法与技巧。 在进行阅读的时候不要逐字读文章，遇到生词就先跳过去。你不认识的单词别人也不一定都认识，而且这个单词很有可能是不会影响那你理解文章的，因为对于那些能够影响文章理解又超出大纲要求的单词，出题人一般都会给出汉语注释的。
四、不论是对于主观题的考查还是客观题的考查，都是建立在对文章内容的理解上的 ，因此，我们在阅读时必须把它看作一个整体，在理解全文大意的前提下有针对性地挖掘一些所需的细节内容。
总而言之，掌握一定的阅读技巧和方法固然重要，但要想在阅读理解这一重要知识板块取得高分，还必须经过坚持不懈的努力。阅读理解需要扎实的语言基础以及熟练的语言能力，而扎实的语言基础来自平时严格的基本功训练，熟练的语言能力来自长期的知识积累以及运用。俗话说："冰冻三尺，非一日之寒"。只要平时刻苦努力，打下扎实的英语基础知识，再加上科学的解题方法，阅读理解不失分就不再是一个遥不可及的梦想了。
㈡ 初中英语阅读理解试题(含答案和解释)
My summer hols wr CWOT. B4, we usd 2 go 2 NY 2C my bro, his CF & thr 3:-@ kids FTF ILNY, its gr8.
Can you understand this sentence? If you can't, don't feel too bad: neither could the middle school teacher in England who received this as homework. This is Netspeak: the language of computerized communication found on Internet or cellphones. To newcomers, it can look like a completely foreign language. So, what is the "translation" of the sentence above? My summer holidays were a complete waste of time. Before, we used to go to New York to see my brother, his girlfriend, and their three screaming kids face to face. I love New York; it's great.
Schoolteachers and parents say this new form of writing is harming（破坏）the English language. Increasing spelling and grammatical mistakes cxan be seen in students' writing. They fear the language could become corrupted（面目全非的）.
Everyone should just relax, say linguists（语言学家）. They believe Netspeak is in fact more of a good thing. David Crystal, from the University of Wales, argues that Netspeak and Internet create a new language use and the almost lost art of diary writing has been picked up again. Geoffrey Nunberg, from Stanford University, agrees. "People get better at writing by writing," he says, "Kids who are now doing text messaging, e-mail, and instant messages will write at least as well as, and possibly better than, their parents."
Linguist James Millroy says, for centuries, it is believed without exception that young people are harming the language. And you can bet your bottom dollar that when today's teenagers become tomorrow's parents, they too will think this way. Milroy argues that languages do not and cannot become "corrupted"; they simply change to meet the new needs.
However, Netspeakers do agree that it is important to teach young people how to speak and write Standard English. Cynthia McVey says, "I can understand Netspeak worries teachers and it's important that they get across to their pupils that text messaging is for fun, but that learning to write proper English is a must for their future."
Perhaps we should give teenagers a little more trust anyway. Erin, age 12, says, "I wouldn't use text language in my homework. Texting is just for fun"
1. What is the main purpose of the first paragraph?
A. To give an example of a foreign language.
B. To show an example of creative methods.
C. To express worries about using Netspeak.
D. To lead in the topic of Netspeak.
答案：D
【解析】在审题过程中请大家主语是main purpose而不是main idea ,第一段就一句话，而且是让人咋看起开一头雾水的句子，这样的句子用在开头，很明显是为了引出下文。或者大家可以运用排除法文章主要对象是netspeak ,而A，B两项没有提到netspeak 故排除，又因为C选项在感情色彩上是负面，与原文感情色彩相违背，故答案选择D。
2. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. Cynthia McVey points out teenagers can deal with Netspeak properly.
B. Geoffrey Nunberg believes Netspeakers can write Standard English.
C. David Crystal thinks Netspeak helps develop the habit of writing.
D. James Milroy says that language is changing and improving.
答案：C
【解析】本题为判断正误题，也叫做细节推断题，解题方法依据选项中的人物专有名词来定位找要点，A定位词为CM在原文倒数第二个自然段出现，其中引号的句子中用了worries与答案中的properly相反，所以排除；B定位词为GN和Standard English.文中出现Standard English.是在倒数第二个自然段与CM相关的信息，所以此选项为典型的张冠李戴；D选项为片面的夸大其辞，文章层面只能看到language is changing，而没有任何细节提到improving，所以根据文章第四自然段可以推断出C为正确选项。
3. The expression "bet your bottom dollar" in Paragraph 5 means ______.
A. be fairly sure B. be greatly surprised
C. think it a pity D. find it interesting
答案：A
【解析】本题为短语推断题，解题方法结合上下文逻辑关系，上文提到年轻人会harming 语言，下文接着说当他们成为父母后，they too will think this way .他们也会这么想，那么中间空出一定是强调，并凸显出下文，那么最满足条件的解释是A选项。
4. What can be the best title for the passage?
A. Netspeak: A Widely-Used Language on Internet
B. Is Netspeak Harming the English Language?
C. Is Netspeak Helpful in Language Learning?
D. Netspeak: Advantages and Disadvantages
答案：B
【解析】本题为主旨大意题，结合专家的观点，既引号中的句子我们可以断定，全文的中心思想是为了凸显出netspeak的好，A 选项文章没有凸显出widely -used C 选项没有重点提及到language learning D文章观点很鲜明，并不是正反观点的论证，故答案选择B。
㈢ 安徽初中英语阅读理解 求答案和分析
【答案：1-5 BABBD 6-10 CDABD】
1．A．believed B．liked C．hated D．knew
【第一句话介绍了这位虽有钱但吝啬的家伙，你会喜欢此类人吗？】
2．A．die B．1eave C．return D．arrive
【下一小节第一句话“甚至这样也没人相信他。”说明他这里是在对大家许诺。】
3．A．frightened B．happy C．angry D．safe
【在他认为，人们得到了他的一切应该会高兴的。】
4．A．agree B．understand C．remember D. forget
【当然，人们不相信他，这一点对于他这样吝啬的人来说是不可理解的。】
5．A．crying B．laughing C．singing D．talking
【句中happen to hear是“碰巧听见”之意。这里用了感官动词句型：hear sb. doing sth.】
6．A．because B．so C．but D．or
【前后句有转折意。】
7．A．sometimes B．all the time C．at the beginning D．in the end
【前两句讲了事情的过程，这里是他疑惑的“结果”，即：为什么最后人们喜欢你而不是我？】
8．A．alive B．dead C．busy D．free
【如果你联想到这位吝啬鬼的许诺，就不难选出答案：母牛是在它还活着是就提供给人们牛奶了。】
9．A．1ike B．have C．eat D．say
【with what I have表示“用我所拥有的”。】
10．A．1ifetime B．competition C．friendship D．future
【你会喜欢承诺将来对你好的人还是喜欢现在就对你好的人。那么合理的答案就出来了。】
㈣ 初一英语阅读理解解题技巧
【 #教育# 导语】阅读理解是英语学习中一个很重要的方面，它反映了学生直接应用英语的能力。英语试题中对学生阅读能力的测试主要通过完形填空和阅读理解两种题型。更多相关内容请关注 教育频道！1.阅读理解题一般有以下几种形式
1)根据短文内容，判断正、误
2)根据短文内容，选择答案
3)根据短文内容，回答问题
4)根据短文内容，填写表格
5)根据短文内容，在改写后的短文中填词
阅读理解部分的短文内容非常广泛，有人物传记、政治经济、天文史地、社会文化、科普小品、风土人情、幽默故事及日常生活的各个方面。试题往帆返山往就短文中容易误解和忽略之处灵活地提出问题，所用的句型和词语也往往不同于短文中相应部分的句型和词语。
掌握丰富的词汇及必要的语法知识是提高阅读理解能力的先决条件，而了解文化差异及历史背景常常是十分重要的。因此，同学们应该对讲英语国家的风土人情及历史发展有一般的常识，同时对科普、科幻、天文、地理等都要有所了解。你们还必须经常进行大量的各种体裁、各种风格的课外阅读，逐步加快阅读速度，不断增进阅读技巧。
2.阅读理解的解题步骤和方法
1.通读全文，掌握大意
做阅读理解题一定要学会通过快速阅读，从整体上理解短文的大意及中心思想，领会
出题人的意图。切忌人为地将短文搞得支离破碎，逐词逐句地去感知材料，看一句或几句做一个题目，这样会影响答题的正确率。但是对于一些长句和难句要作语法分析，以便掌握短文的大意和每个句子的确切含义。短文的开头和结尾往往是全文内容的概括，对理解、推理都会有很大的帮助。
2.细审题意，获取信息
认真审阅文后的理解题。在审题时要弄清楚试题问的是细节（如人物、时间、地点）
还是主题大意；是事实还是观点；是从正面问还是从反面问。看清试题后，带着问题再回到正文中去寻找有关的句子、段落，获取重要的信息。然后把所获得的信息点与所给的答案逐一进行认真的比较，以便作出正确的判断。
3.分层推理，正确答题
有些理解题可以直接从短文中找到答案。有些深层次的理解题在短文中找不到直接的
3.五一劳动节活动主题主持词
1.快速通读从文章里找答案
初一英语的阅读理解部分有3篇文章,共15个选择题。阅读最重要的是积累,没有一蹴而就的办法。平时要多阅读、多听,久而久之就能找态中到语感,也就是有些同学说的“有感觉”。很多时候,做阅读理解题需要从文章里找答案。这并不是要求考生去逐字逐句阅读,而相反是快速通读全文大概了解文章意思后,仔细阅读每个题目,遇到试题内容与原文内容相近的,就立即找到原文对应的位置仔细阅读。
2.做题按“先易后难”顺序
根据往年初中的规律,一般是第一篇和第三篇较容易,第二篇较难,尤其是第二篇的最后两道选择题,往往需要考生去揣测文章作者的意思。因此,建议考生按照“先易后难”的原则,先把第一篇和第三篇做完之后再去做第二篇,这样可以避免在难题上纠结而浪费过多时间,也可以树立一定的信心。
在考试中完形填空和看图填词里一般均有2-4题是考察固定短语搭配,比如动宾、动补搭配等。世厅这些固定短语搭配需要学生经常温习和巩固。
3.沉着冷静面对生词
遇到生词时,一定要沉着、冷静。中考英语试题中,一般是不会盲目地出现生词的,但不排除出现影响答题的生词,同时也可能出现猜测生词的题目,因为猜测词义也是阅读能力的体现,当然也在考查范围之列。遇到这种题目,只要理解了全篇材料的大部分内容,弄清了上、下文之间的内在联系,判断出它在文中可能存在的含义是不难的。
4.阅读试题中的判断正误题
4.五一劳动节活动主题主持词
（1）事实细节题的解题方法：
1）在读的时候注意细节，理顺思路和文章脉络。比如记叙文大多都以人物为中心，以时间或者以空间为线索，按事件的起因、发展、结局而展开的故事；论述题则包含论点、论据、结论三个要素，是通过解释、举例来说明观点。这类的题型可以根据文章的特点，注意细节，以动词、时间、地点、事件、因果关系等为线索，找出其中的关键词语。
2）抓住文章的每一段中心句，后面都是围绕这个中心而展开分析，只要把握了文章的脉络后，相对来说定位就比较方便了，解题就会更加轻松。
3）学会瞻前顾后和左顾右盼方法来理解细节题型，也就是说从短文的上下联系来找到解决问题的关键和细节。
4）注意引出细节的信息词，如：for example, an example of, the most important example, first, second, next, then, last, finally, to begin with, also, besides等。
（2）推理判断题的方法和技巧：
阅读理解题中难度并且出现频率的就是推理判断题，这种题型要求考生根据文章中出现的暗示信息，抓住内含语义，再用逻辑思维的方法加以整理，然后才能做出合理的判断和解答。推理的方法大致可分为：简单推理和复杂推理。
1）简单推理
什么叫简单推理呢？就是说以表面文字作为前提，用具体事实作为依据进行推理做出判断。这种推理方式比较简单粗暴，只要你弄清事实就可以结合常识推断出合理的结论。
2）复杂推理
复杂推理相对就要难一些了，不但要以文字作为依据，而且还要弄懂文章的语境、内涵。这是一种间接而复杂的逻辑推理方式。考生要推断出文章没有表面的，那就必须要由表及里地归纳。
㈤ 初中英语阅读理解的技巧和方法经验分享
阅读理解是初中英语必考题型之一，下面我为大家总结了初中英语阅读理解的技巧和方法经验分享，仅供参考。
初中生做阅读理解审视标题
试题中有的文章有标题，有的没有，拟题人是有所考虑的。标题是文章主题的高度凝聚。它能给我们启发和想象，想象文章的内容和走向。这样做有利于对文章的理解，能提高做题的效率。
初中生要掌握阅读理解的细节
这次应细品，不可一晃而过。可边读边用铅笔做些记录，把有关的人物、事件、时间、地点、起因(即五个W：who， what， when， where， why)划出来。
经过这样的处理，你对文章的内容和细节便会胸有成竹，对事态的发生、发展和解决有了更加深入的了解。
英语阅读理解理解大意，初选答案
一般短文都设有五个题目，对那些表层理解的题目可以断然选定。对那些深层理解的题目，应再查阅原文，但决不是简单重读，应找出依据，把所答案代入文中，再确定正误。
在确定答案时，对文章和题中的词语应结合上下文思考其确切意思，切忌望文生义，作出错误的判断。
英语阅读理解带着问题找答案
多半学生在做阅读时，读着读着就走神了，等回过神来前面读了什么就忘了，周而复始，30分钟过去了，好不容易做完，准确率还不高。阅读是一个连贯性的题型，需要注意力集中，专心致志去分析文章。
针对于那些容易走神的学生，建议计时做题，有了时间的约束，可以时刻提醒自己集中于文章;或者有些同学就是对大篇幅的文章有厌读情绪，那么可以从问题和选项入手，在问题和选项中找出关键词，了解文章大概，带着问题有针对性的到文章找答案。
以上就是我为大家总结的初中英语阅读理解的技巧和方法经验分享，仅供大家参考，希望对大家有所帮助。
㈥ 急，找三篇常州初中英语阅读理解
A little Brave Girl
A little Brave Girl
It is a true story.
This story was set in at the end of 2004 Zhejiang, when a ten-year old girl walked on her way to home from school as usual, she was being kidnapped off guard
by three men, whom are over 30 years of age, be tall, strong, and are very experienced in kidnapping. For just a split second, the girl was got in a car and didn’t know where she would head, but she didn’t burst into tears like others probably have done in her age, was unusually sober and figured out what has just happened. After short deliberation, she gave her parents telephone number to three
kidnappers after she was asked twice. Kidnappers shortly send short message to
her parents to tell what they did a moment ago for the ransom of RMB500,000 as they commands, threatened them with their daughter’s life. Her parents were at their wits' end at that moment and later had to dial police for helping. During closely watched by two kidnappers, the girl were pleased to cooperate with them in three meals, water, and spoke something to them for delaying. Luckily, kidnappers are very emotional and were amazed at what the girl said when it comes to money, “ I know clearly you are impossible to kill me, you need money most of all
, but you should know money doesn’t grow on trees, but on painstaking hands.”
The girl said, “ Uncle, you have probably had children like me, if you children
are in the danger of kidnapping, how then do you think? …” Finally, the kidnappers were profoundly moved by her reasonable words, and policemen easily seized them about two days later, now they do their time.
Soon after, a journalist wanted to disclose the reason why such a little young
girl is so wise upon the curious queries from the public, but the girl’s parents definitely rejected to accept visit, because they are afraid of kidnapping again as everyone would probably know her. But her main teacher briefly told that
the school often takes “ Keep a head ring a crisis, to be wise and brave.” as a compulsory lesson to ecate pupils, this girl are brave enough to practise
this lesson. Also, the girl said she was sort of scared but must to eat enough to keep energetic so as to fight against the kidnappers as long as she could.
Through this story, I deeply feel that the importance of ecation. Nothing is
more important than to receive ecation. Ecation, is absolutely not complete
with graation, is a lifelong study and bound to exert a great impact on our future. Further, the value of ecation. We should not ecate children only for
the aim of ecation, our foremost purpose is to fit them for life.
We can see bats in almost every part of the world but they can’t live in very hot or very cold places. They live on all continents but do not live on Antarctica. You can find most species of bats in the places where the weather is nice and warm.
On some islands there are only a few kinds of bats. That’s because it’s too far for most bats to get to those islands.
In the United States, the greatest number of bats live in the south-western part of the country. This place has all kinds of places where bats can live and there is a lot of food ring most of the year. For example, Texas has 32 different kinds of bats while Maine has only 8; Arizona has 28 species, but Michigan has just 10.
词数:39处理时间:2′09〃
Questions:1. The underlined word "species" in the first paragraph means "______"in Chinese.
A. 种类B. 数量C. 天敌D. 栖息地
2. We can learn from the passage that _____.
A. bats like warm places
B. bats live everywhere in the world
C. the US has the most bats in the world
D. bats don’t like living on islands
3. The passage mainly tells us ____.
A. how bats live B. where bats live
C. bats’food D. bats’life
B
本文词数:182参考时间:2′32〃
In warm water, there is a kind of sea mammal1 called gongs. They live a comfortable life. They have no natural enemies and never fight2.Dugongs lived in the oceans ring the age of dinosaurs. They have funny faces and no front teeth! Their teeth grow only along the sides of their mouth. Some think they are ugly. Only their mothers may love them, but as we know, they are important and helpful for us!
Dugongs only eat plants. They swim slowly so that they can eat the sea grass. They often dig down into the sand and eat sea-grass roots. Dugongs relax ring the day. During most of the night, they eat. They eat noisily and you can often hear the sounds of their chomping teeth.
Dugongs give birth to only one baby every three to five years. They take the newborn baby to the surface of the water so that the baby can take its first breath of air. It stays with its mother for two years and sometimes rests on its mother’s back. Dugongs feed their young with milk.
Dugongs can live for about 60 years, but every year more and more people move to near the warm coasts and rivers which are also the homes to gongs. They have fewer places to live and feed.
Notes:
1. mammal n. 哺乳动物
2. 意为:在自然界它们没有敌人,也从不争斗。
词数:39处理时间:2′09〃Questions:
1. Which one is the best title for this article?
A. The Kind Animal
B. Dugongs’Lives
C. Dugongs Are Nice
D. Mother Loves Dugongs
2. The underlined words "chomping teeth"mean __________.
A. washing teeth
B. changing teeth
C. eating loudly
D. opening the mouth
3. Which one is TRUE?
A. Dugong babies live with their mother when they are 3 years old.
B. Dugongs eat animals and plants.
C. Dugongs give birth every year.
D. Dugongs can live for as long as 60 years.
阅读新题型
本文词数:240参考时间:6′00〃
A man was looking for office help. He put a sign1 in the window: "HELP WANTED. Must know how to type2 and speak two languages, and be good at the computer."1 The man was surprised, but led him into the office. Inside, the dog jumped on the chair and looked at him.
The man said, "I can’t give you this job. The sign says you must know how to type." The dog jumped down, went to the typewriter, and typed out a perfect letter. 2 The man was shocked3, but told the dog, "The sign says you have to be good at the computer." The dog went to the computer and wrote out the same letter on it.
The man looked at the dog and said, "You’re a very clever dog. 3 "
The dog looked at the man and said, "Meow!"
Notes:
1. sign n. 标牌
2. type v. 打字
3. shock v.使震惊
词数:39处理时间:2′09〃
Task: Please put the following sentences in the blanks. 把下列句子还原到文中空白处。
A. He took out the piece of paper and gave it to the manager.
B. However, I still can’t give you the job, because the sign also says that you need to speak two languages.
C. A short time later, a dog came to the window, saw the sign and went inside.
本期阅读答案
阅读A 1-3 A A B
阅读B 1-3 B C D
阅读新题型
1-3 C A B
Thomas Alva Edison was a man of wonderful ability who
had the good luck to be born at a good time. In the period
just after the American Civil War the United States was
growing conditions were right for the talents of a man like
Edison.
The Edison family had come to the United States from Holland
in the early part of the l8th century． Thomas Alva the
youngest of Samuel’s seven children was born in 1847.
Thomas was an unusually curious child． Even at an early age
he loved to read and make experiments． Because he was so
dreamy and quiet a teacher once accused him of being stupid．
Thomas’s mother was so displeased by this remark that she took
her son out of school and never sent him back. She took charge
of his ecation herself and taught him reading history
science and philosophy． Edison was a very quick reader and he
remembered everything． Once he got the idea of starting at the
first shelf of a large library and reading everything in it．
But after reading through fifteen feet of books he gave up
this ambition.
In order to earn money for books and for his scientific
experiments Thomas sold vegetables from the family garden.
This work did not bring in enough money and so he began to
sell newspapers and candy on a train that ran between Port
HuronMichigan and Detroit． Because people were so eager for
the latest news about the CiviI War which was then at its
height Thomas decided in February 1862 when he was fifteen
years old to print a newspaper of his own the Weekly Herald,
in a baggage car of the train where he worked．In four years he
earned two thousand dollars from thisbusiness.
While he worked on the train young Edison continued to
experiment setting up a laboratory in the baggage car. One day
a stick of phosphorus feIl to the floor and set thecar on
fire． The conctor of the train as so angry that he threw Tom
and all his equipment off the train at the next station； he
also struck Tom causing a permanent injury which later made
him deaf in the right ear.
One day not long after he had started his newspaper, EdiSon
saw a child playing on the tracks in front of a train. He
jumped off the station platform and snatched the child from
the wheels of the train. The father who happened to be the
stationmaster was so grateful that he offered to teach Tom to
become a telegraph operator．He gave him lessons four days a
week after the station had closed for the nightand in three
weeks Edison was a better telegrapher than his teacher.
Edison was sober and independent for his age, but hen was
restless and very careless in his dress． He began to wander
from city to city and from job to job． Because his ideas were
too strange to please the men who hired him,they often asked
him to leave． During this time, he worked in Indianapolis,
Cincinnati, Memphis, and Louisville．
Edison went to Boston's where he had been promised work as
adegraph operator, mainly because of the neat handwriting in
his letter of application, When heappeared in that city, he
looked so untidy and strange that the superintendent asked him
to return later in the day to take a test in telegraphy, with
ihe idea of making ihe test so diffcult that the young man
could not possibly pass it, As the rapid message came in,
Edison realized clerks in the station were playing a joke on
him. They had arranged for the new York operator to send him a
message, faster and faster,in an effort to make Edison admit
that he could not write it down at such a rapid pace, But
Edison was not discouraged. He decided to outwit these
fellows, and he began to send a message himself. He said to
the New York operator,“Come on, don’t go to sleep．Get busy!
That ended the joke, and Edison won his job, as weil as the
title of fastest telegraph operator in the Western Union
Company.
In 1869 he borrowed some money and went to New York． During
the first three years he spent there, he nearly died of
starvation. He slept in a room belonging to a company that
sent information on stock prices to the business houses of New
York． One day the machine that printed news about gold
stopped． Six hundred banks and business houses were without
information about what was being bought and sold that day.
Edison succeeded in repairing the machine, and he was then
offered a job as manager for $300 a month． He was soon hard at
work making improvements in the machine and inventing new
parts． His Universal Printer, invented at this time, printed
full information about gold prices, instead of showing them
only by a few letters and numbers． This was his first big
success． GeneraI Marshall Lefferts, president of the Gold and
Stock Telegraph Company, bought this and several other
inventions of Edison's for forty thousand dollars.
Edison then put his new money to work． He opened a factory
in Newark,New Jersey． Soon he had over one hundred and fifty
men building machines to record stock prices, while he himself
continued to work on new ideas. At one time, he had forty-five
separate inventions in his laboratory, including several
important improvements of the telegrilph. He invented a way of
sending two messages at the same time in opposite directions,
and then a way of sending two messages at the same time in the
same direction,In 1874 he invented and sold to Western Union a
system by which four messages could be sent over one wire at
the same time, two in each direction. He also perfected a new
system for sending telegrams. These inventions saved Western
Union milhons of dollars in the cost of wires and telegraph
poles alone.
Western Union then suggested to Edison that he try to
develop a commercially useful telephone, Alexander Graham Bell
had already patented the te1ephone, but Bell's telephone could
be heard only over short distances． Edison added several
improvements, which were adopted, and are still used in the
telephone today． Western Union paid Edison one hundred
thousand dollars for his inventions.
In l876 he built a workshop and laboratory in Menlo Park,
New Jersey． He was known after that as he Wizard of Menlo
Park,because of the wonderful discoveries he made there, He
began to study the attempts of other men to invent an
incandescent electric light． He tried over and over again to
make a soft light that would be suitab1e for use in private
houses． He tested over two thousand materials before
discovering one that would work． He needed something that
would become hot and give off light when electricity passed
through it in a glass container from which the air had been
removed． He spent a hundred thousand dollars searching for the
best material． Men were sent to India, China, Brazil, and
finally, Japan, where a material was finally found.
In Jalluary,1880, the electric light was patented. Edison
then built a factory for the proction of his light in Menlo
Park, and an electric power station in New York City. But it
was fourteen years before the public really accepted the
electric light． After that, the electric light business grew
So great that Edison was able to sell his share in the
electric light for more than one million dollars.
Edison patented over one thousand separate inventions ring
his life, He never stopped trying to learn more about science
and what it could do for man, His discoveries probably
increased the wealth of the world more than those of any other
single man in history.
On October l8,1931,Edison died at the age of eighiy-four at
his home in Orange, New Jersey． Several days later, the whole
United States turned off its electric lights for one minute,
in honor of the man whose discoveries had so changed and
improved the life of people everywhere.
托马斯.阿尔法.爱迪生是一位诞生在好时代里的天才人物。
南北战争以后,美国正在成长壮大,各种条件对于象爱迪生这样有天才的人都是有利的。
爱迪生一家人在十八世纪早期从荷兰来到美国。托马斯·阿尔法生于1847年,是撒缪尔的七个孩子中最小的一个。
托马斯是一个好奇心特强的孩子。即使还在幼年时代,他就爱读书和做实验。因为
他如此爱好空想和不声不响,以致一位老师有一次骂他愚蠢。托马斯的母亲对这个评语很不高兴,她令孩子退学不再返校。母亲自己照管孩子的教育,教他阅读,教他历史、科学和哲学等。爱迪生读起书来,领会得快,而且过目不忘。有一次他异想天开,要从一所大图书馆的第一个书架看起,看完书架上每一本书。但在看完了书架上十五英尺厚的书籍后,他放弃了这个野心。
为了挣钱买书和搞科学实验,托马斯就出售他家菜园中的蔬菜。这工作挣不到足够的钱,所以他就开始在一列专跑休伦港、密执安和底特律的火车上卖报纸和糖果。因为人们在南北战争的高潮中急于了解战争的新情况,托马斯在1862年2月间,他十五岁时,决定在他所工作的火车行李车上印刷他自己的报纸《先驱周报》。四年之间他从这张报纸上赚了二千美元。
年轻的爱迪生在火车上工作时继续搞实验,在行李车上建立了一间实验室。有一天
一根磷棒掉在地板上使这节车厢着火。列车长十分生气,在下一个车站把汤姆和他的所有实
验设备都扔下了火车,还揍了汤姆一顿,造成永久性伤害,使爱迪生右耳聋了。
爱迪生在开办他的报纸后不久,有一天望见一个小孩在火车前面的铁轨上玩耍。他急忙从站台上跳下把小孩从火车轮子下抢救出来。这孩子的父亲正好是站长,他很感激,主动
提出要教会汤姆成为电报员。他在车站夜晚关门后,每周给他上四次课,三个星期之后爱迪生 便成为比他老师更好的电报员了。
就他的年龄来说,爱迪生很稳重,有独立性,但他见异思迁,而且对于衣着很不注意。 他开始从一个城市漫游到另一个城市,从一个
职业换到另一个职业。因为他的想法太离奇,
不能使雇用他的人满意,雇主们常常叫他卷铺盖走路。在这段时间里,他在印地安纳波利斯,辛辛那提,孟菲斯和路易斯维尔等城市都工作过。
爱迪生去到了波士顿,在那里有人答应给他电报员的工作,主要因为他的求职信中字迹写得工整。当他在波士顿露面时,他是如此的衣冠不整,怪里怪气,以致主管人叫他当天晚些时候去参加电报技术的考试,目的是要故意出难题,使这位青年考不及格。当电报迅速拍进来时,爱迪生意识到电报局的职工们是在和他开玩笑。他们已经和纽约市的电报员安排好,给爱迪生拍一份电报来,越拍越快,企图迫使爱迪生承认他抄不下这么快的电报。但爱迪生没有泄气。他决心以智取胜,于是他开始自己拍出一份电报。他对纽约市的电报员说：“来吧,别去睡觉,使劲吧！”这就结束了这场玩笑,爱迪生也赢得了他的职位,同时还赢得了西联电讯公司最快电报员的称号。
1869年爱迪生借了些钱去到纽约,他在纽约的头三年里,几乎饿死。他睡在一家公司的一间房子里,这公司专给纽约各商行提供股票行情。一天,那台印刷黄金行情的机器不动了。六百家银行和商行都收不到关于那天买进卖出的商情,爱迪生把这机器修好了,因此人家给了他一个经理的职位,月薪三百美元。他很
快地就努力改进这台机器,并且还发明了许多新部件。他当时发明的万能印刷机印出了关于金价的全部情报,而不只是以少数字母和数字来显示行情。这是他第一个巨大的成功,金价和股票电报公司的经理马歇尔。莱费兹将军出资四万美元把这台机器和爱迪生的其他几项发明买了下来。
爱迪生就拿这新到手的钱做生意。他在新泽西州纽阿克市开了一家工厂。很快地他就雇了一百五十人制造纪录股票行情的机器了,而他自己则继续试验他的一些新想法。有一段时间在他实验室里共有四十五个不同的发明项目,包括几项对于电报机的重要改进。他想出了一种方法,可从两个相反方向同时各拍出一份电报,随后又想出一种方法,可从一个方向同时拍两份电报。1874年他发明并售给西联电讯公司一种装置,用了它可以在一根电线上拍发四份电报,即从每一方向可同时拍发两份电报。他还改进了一种拍电报的新方法。使之趋于完善。这些发明,仅在电线和电线竿的成本上就为西联电讯公司节约了几百万美元。
西联电讯公司又向爱迪生建议：叫他试制一部商用电话,亚历山大.贝尔已经取得了电话机的专利,但贝尔的电话讥只能在短距
离内听见。爱迪生增大了几项改进,被采用了,这些改进直到今天仍然应用在电话上。西联电讯公司为他的几项发明付给爱迪生十万美元。
1876年,爱迪生在新泽西州门洛园建造了一个车间和实验室,由于他在那里搞出了许多奇妙的发明,以后他被人们称为“洛园的巫师”。他开始研究别人为发明白热电灯所作的尝试。他一次再一次地试制一种适子家用的柔光灯。在找到,种合用的材料之前,他竟试验了两千种以上的材料。他需要某种可放在抽去空气的玻璃容器内,通过电流后能变热并发出光来的材料。他花了十万美元寻找最好的材料。他派人去印度、中国、巴西,最后终于在日本找到了。
在1880年1月,他取得了电灯专利权。爱迪生在门洛园建造了一家生产电灯的工厂,并在纽约市建成了一座发电站。但是直到过十四年公众才真正接受他的电灯。在那以后,电灯业发展得规模如此之大。以致爱迪生出售他的电灯股票时,竟得了一百多万美元。
爱迪生一生中得到一千多种发明项
国的专利为了学习更多的科学并使科学为人类服务,他永不停息。他的各种发明为世界增加的财富可能比历史上任何一个人都多。
1931年10月18月,爱迪生在新泽西州奥兰奇城的家中去世,终年八十四岁。几天后全美国都停电一分钟以纪念这个以他的发明大大改变并改善了各地人民生活的人。
㈦ 急求~初中的英语阅读理解~
.At the Barber's Shop(理发店)
Jack went to a barber's shop and had his hair cut, but when he came out, he
was not happy with the result(结果). When his friend Bob saw him, he laughed
and said, "What has happened to your hair,Jack?"
Jack said, "I tried a new barber's shop today, because I wasn't quite satisfied
with my old one, but this one seems even worse."
Bob agreed(同意). "Yes, I think you're right, Jack. Now I'll tell you what
to do when you go into a barber's shop next time: look at all the barber's hair,
find out whose hair looks worst, and then go straight to him."
"Why shall I go to him?" Jack asked. "But that would be foolish!"
"Oh, no, it wouldn't," answered Bob. "Who cut that man's hair? Just think
it. He couldn't cut it himself, could he? Another of the barbers cut it. So
you know he can't be the worst barber."
1. When Jack went out of the barber's shop, he was not happy because ____.
A. nobody had cut his hair
B. the barber hadn't cut his hair well
C. the barber had cut his hair carefully
D. he was not satisfied with his old barber
#B
2. "I tried a new barber's shop today." means ____.
A. this barber's shop was a new one
B. this was the only barber's shop in this town
C. Jack often went to this barber's shop
D. Jack had not been to this barber's shop before
#D
3. After Jack had his hair cut, he thought ____.
A. the new barber's shop was the best one
B. the old barber's shop wasn't so good as the new one
C. the new barber's shop was worse than the old one
D. the old barber's shop was the worst one
#C
4. Bob told Jack to find out which barber's hair looked the worst and then go straight to him. Why?
A. Because he was certainly the best barber.
B. Because he was free all the time.
C. Because he was the worst barber.
D. Because he wasn't the worst barber.
#D
5. From the story we know that ____.
A. it's foolish to have one's hair cut at a barber's shop
B. barbers cut each other's hair
C. barbers never have their hair cut
D. a barber always cuts his hair by himself
#B
㈧ 初中英语阅读理解。有图，求答案和翻译，一定要翻译哦
疑问如下
Dick出生在一个农民的家里。当他够年纪去上学的时候，他爸爸送他去他家附近的学校。但是Dick喜欢玩而且不擅长上课。更糟糕的是，他经常引起很多麻烦以至于老师经常来找他爸爸谈话。当他长大了，他不想做农民。他离开了贫困的村庄来到了城市。
在火车上，他认识了叫做Jim的年轻人。他们很快成了好朋友。他们在城里找不到工作。他们不得不在早上开始挨户乞讨而且在晚上睡在公园的椅子上。那时候天气暖和而且他们总觉得日子很快了。
但是一天晚上 公园旁边的店铺被偷了。警察马上到了那里。他们把注意力集中在公园里的两个年轻身上而且把他们带到了警察局
“你们住在哪里 年轻人？”一个警察问“我住在任何地方，先生。”Dick回答“田地里，山坡上，公园里。。。”
警察停下来转向Jim“你住在哪里？”
“我们是邻居”Jim回答“我就住在他隔壁”
答案如下
6. C 因为经常惹麻烦而且不擅长上课
7. D 因为说他不想当农民
8. A 因为别的答案都没根据
9. B 因为是晚上被偷 而且他们晚上在公园里睡觉
10. B; B和C感觉都可以·但是我觉得Dick回答了以后经常就转去问Jim 可能觉得他撒谎而且生气 所以B的可能性高
㈨ 初中英语阅读理解的技巧和方法
初中英语阅读理解的技巧和方法如下：
一、解题思路
(一)先读问题，弄清考查要点，以便能带着问题看文章，这样会心中有数，有的放矢。
(二)快速浏览全文，掌握全貌，注意发现与问题有关的信息，如果时间紧，至少要扫视一下起首段和尾段。再把标题和文章内容结合起来想一想，这样全文大意便清楚了。此时，不要忙于答题。
(三)细读原文，捕捉相关信息词，掌握短文细节内容。
二、解题注意事项
1. 抓住四个"W"和一个"H"，就是边读边用铅笔做些标记，把What (事件)，When(时间)，Where(地点)，Why(原因)，How(经过)划出来。抓住了四个“W”和一个“H”，就抓住了文章的全貌，一些直接性的问题便可解决。
2.抓住连接词及起关键作用的副词、代词、介词、插入语等。因为这些词具有因果，让步，递进，转折，指代，列举及承上启下等各种连接上下文的特殊功能。
这对考生分清文章层次，辨明各种关系，了解人物心理，推断作者意图，进行逻辑推理等手段来分析难点，都具有举足轻重的作用。
3. 注意领会文章的寓意。
4.根据题意，初选答案。这一步须仔细审题，领会测试要求，确定解题方法。对那些明显的，有把握的题可以断然确定，不必把其余三个答案再作推敲而浪费时间：有些略难的题，应再查阅短文(不是重读一遍)，迅速找出依据，予以排除。常用的解题方法有如下几种：
① 直接解题法。即从原文中直接找出答案。
② 归纳解题法。对于不能从原文中直接找出答案的可在把握全文中心和线索的前题下进行概括、归纳得出正确答案。
③ 综合推理法。读者需统观全文，认真分析，综合推理及至计算，最后归纳出正确答案。
题干中有"suggest, conclude, conclusion, probably, reason, because, according to“等字眼时，属于推断概括型，考查内容着眼于全篇，考生应具备一定的分析归纳，推理等逻辑思维能力。
④ 捕捉关键词。在阅读时应该注意与问题相关的同义词，近义词，反义词或同位词等信息词来得出正确答案。
⑤ 转换解题法。即原文这么说，而在问题和所给选项中则用另外的词去转换一种说法，但仍表示同一含义。
⑥ 排除法。根据语言，句法结构，信息词和常识，在没有把握的选项中用排除法得出正确答案。
(四)重读原文，仔细斟酌核对答案。在解完最后一道题后，如果时间允许，再将原文读一遍;用全文的主题思想统率各思考题，研究其内在联系和逻辑关系，目的在于对所做答案进一步审查，推出未解答的题，以便减少失误。