医学英语阅读教程生物医学

⑴ 求医学英语教程答案

医学人文英语教程答案
Unit 1. History of medicine

Keys
Text A
Language Focus
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary, and pay
attention to the tense, voice and collocations of the verbs.
1. is credited with;
2. are sometimes referred to as;
3. was supposed to;
4. were espoused by;
5. in addition to;
6. was attributed to;
7. categorize;
8. is given credit for;
9. though.
Sentence Simulation
（略）

Translate the following sentences into English.
1.

Hippocrates proposed the humoral theory that the body of man has four distinct bodily fluids
in itself: blood, phlegm, yellow bile and black bile, different mixture of which leads to
different temperaments.

2.

In ancient Greece, career as a doctor was passed on from father to son, so Hippocrates studied
medicine under his father from his early age.

3.

Ancient Greek medicine was a field restricted by religious superstition where wizards cured
diseases by means of prayer, magic or ritual recitation of spells.
4.

It now appears that Hippocrates was incorrect in his explanation of the causes of human
temperament, but his temperament categories and names have been in use ever since.
5.

Ancient Western doctors about to enter medical practice were required to take an oath on
medical ethics, which was derived from the oath of Hippocrates, an ancient Greek physician
revered as "father of medicine
” in the West
.
6.

As the father of Western medicine, Hippocrates is the first to formulate the code of ethics that
doctors are required to comply with. Furthermore, his medical opinions and medical practice
have exerted a huge influence on the development of Western medicine for centuries.
Text B
Answer the following questions according to text B you have read.
1. Four traditional examination methods: looking, listening and smelling, asking, and touching.
2.

①
TCM
can
make
diagnoses
and
treat
patients
without
needing
a
scientific
understanding
of
cause
and
pathogenesis
.
②
the
fundamentals
of
TCM
remain
largely
unchanged
and
its
theories
inexplicable to science.
3
.
①
the methodological quality of trials is low
.
②
Most of these trials are published in Chinese,
inaccessible to western doctors, and not included in systematic reviews.

③
Selective publication
of positive trials is another problem.
4. All natural phenomena could be categorised into Yin and Yang (two opposite, complementary,
interdependent, and exchangeable aspects of nature), everything in the universe consisted of five
basic
elements
(wood,
fire,
earth,
metal,
and
water),
and
the
universe
was
constantly
changing
towards dynamic balance or harmony. Yin refers largely to the material aspects of the organism
and Yang to functions. There is a circulation of Qi (energy) and blood. The organs work together
by regulating and preserving Qi and blood through the so-called channels and collaterals. Disease
occurs after a disturbance in Yin-Yang or flow of Qi or blood, or disharmony in the organs caused
by pathogenic (eg, sadness, joy, lifestyle) and climatic factors (dampness, heat, cold). Treatment
aims to expel or suppress the cause and restore balance.
Unit 2

Health professionals for a new century
Text A
Language Focus
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.
1.

integration
2.

kept pace with

3.

adopts

4.

In view of
5.

effectiveness
6.

ultimate
7.

acquiring
8.

attributes
9.

shifts
10.

encounter

Translate the following sentences into English.
7.

Medical science is no longer simply biomedicine, but a comprehensive discipline of
humanities, social sciences and biomedicine.
8.

Science and technology development, along with social progress, has put forward higher
demands and greater challenges on higher medical ecation.
9.

Medical ecation is characterized by a high degree of specialization and practicality, as well
as a comparatively high cost and a long training cycle.
10.

It is the main task of medical schools to train good doctors needed by the people.
11.

The objective of clinical medical ecation is to train capable and well qualified academic
doctors with a solid professional foundation and a broad spectrum of knowledge.
12.

The innovation of teaching methods has not only improved the students' initiative and
enthusiasm to learn, but also enhanced the quality of clinical teaching and practice.
13.

In spite of its great progress, our country
’
s medical ecation still fails to keep pace with
social progress, development of science and technology, and needs for medical and health

reform.

Translate the following passage/sentence into Chinese.
1.

过去一个世纪教育的进步在于三个时代的教育改革。第一个时代始于
20
世纪初，注重教
授科学课程。大约于
20
世纪中期，第二个时代的改革开启了问题导向式的教学革新。现
在，我们需要进行体系导向式的第三个时代的教育改革，通过调整核心专业技能使其适
应特定环境，同时借鉴国际化知识，从而提升医疗体系的性能。

2.

迁移学习是一种重要成果，其包含了三个基本的转变：从对事实的记忆转变为对信息的
搜索、分析和综合从而作出决策；从追求专业文凭转变为实现核心竞争力从而达到医疗
体系里有效的团队协作；还有，从对教育模式不带批判的照搬应用转变为对整体资源的
创造性改造以应对局部的重点问题。

3.

医护人员在过去一个世纪以来对人类健康和发展做出了巨大贡献，然而，自满只会让人
们继续徒劳地采用
20
世纪的教育策略，而无法应对
21
世纪的挑战。

Text B
Answer the following questions according to text B you have read.
1.

Because it is crucial to tackle the obstacles of the 21st century.
2.

The outcome-based core curriculum has served as a framework in many countries, and can be
adjusted for specific local needs as postulated by the commissioners.
3.

Students
participate
in
an
international
forum
which
brings
together
students
of
medicine,
nursing,
pharmacy,
and
allied
health
professions
(namely,
the
World
Healthcare
Students
Symposium). The benefits of the annual World Healthcare Students Symposia are for students
to
learn
to
understand
the
different
professions
and
discuss
the
best
ways
of
effective
and
fruitful collaboration.
4.

The
authors
think
the
proposed
focus
on
the
implementation
of
innovative
and
promising
information
and
communication
technologies
merits
attention
and
believe
in
its
potential
benefits
for
the
ecation
of
medical
students.
According
to
the
authors,
students
from
low-income countries with a lack of resources can especially benefit from such initiatives as
the website Health Sciences Online, although such free initiatives should not counteract the
proposal to focus development assistance more strongly on health profes
sionals’ ecation.

5.

Yes.
Student
initiatives
have
tackled
climate
change,
migrant
health,
and
other
issues
of
global and national relevance.
6.

Overall,
medical
students
worldwide
have
been
playing
an
active
role
in
implementing
the
recommendations of the Global Commission mainly by developing their own outcome-based
core
curricula
and
launching
an
international
forum
which
brings
together
students
of
medicine, nursing, pharmacy, and allied health professions, among other initiatives.

⑵ 医学科普文章英文版

由于随着科技和社会的发展，人们的生活水平不断提高，当代人把身体健康看得越来越重，对自己的饮食习惯，药物的使用与滥用和急救知识等格外关注。下面是我带来的医学科普 文章 ，欢迎阅读!

医学科普文章英文版1

为什么总是睡不好?十大常见睡眠错误

Most of us have struggled at some point with sleep. Whether it’s not getting enough sleepor struggling to get up in the morning, it can be difficult to get the balance just right.

大多数人都遇到过一些睡眠问题。有可能是睡得不够，又或者是早晨起不来，很难达到平衡睡得舒服。

However, sleep is essential if we want to be proctive in life. It provides us with theenergy we need to get stuff done!

然而为了保证精力充沛，睡眠是十分必要的。我们需要睡足了才有精力干活!

Here are the 10 most common sleep mistakes people make and a few tips for avoidingthem!

下面列出了常见的十大睡眠错误以及纠正小贴士。

1. The snooze button

闹钟止闹按钮

Don’t EVER hit the snoozebutton. It really is much more beneficial to just get up on yourfirst alarm. Think about it – the snooze button gives you an extra 10 minutes or so sleep. Inthe grand scheme of your day this really won’t provide you with any more energy. In-fact itdoes the opposite. Research has shown that ‘interrupted sleep’ can cause us to feel moretired.

千万不要按止闹按钮，其实在闹铃一响时就起来对身体更好。想想看，止闹按钮可以让你多睡10分钟或者更长一点时间。但相比于一整天满满的计划，这多睡的10分钟根本无法为你多添几份活力。事实上恰恰相反，研究表明受干扰的睡眠会让人更加疲倦。

2. Disorganized sleeping habits

不规律的睡眠习惯

It’s much easier to get to sleep each night (and wake up feeling refreshed) if we have aregular routine. This means going to bed at roughly the same time each night and getting upat roughly the same time each morning. If you’re disorganized with your sleeping routine, youend up interrupting your natural sleeping rhythms, which can cause insomnia and fatigue.

如果每天的作息时间规律，每晚会更加容易入眠(醒来时也会感到神清气爽)。也就是说每晚在相对固定的时间睡觉，每天早上在相对固定的时间起床。如果你睡觉的时间不规律，就会打乱你的生物钟，导致失眠和疲劳感。

3. Long naps

小睡时间过长

Long naps can disrupt your sleeping rhythms so if you’re desperate for a nap then keep itunder the 30 minute mark (and before 4pm). Short naps after lunch can help to restore energylevels (just make sure you don’t sleep in).

小睡时间过长会打乱人的生物钟，所以如果你真的很想打个盹儿的话，请把时间控制在30分钟以内(而且要在下午四点前睡)。在午餐后小睡一会儿有助于恢复体力(只是不要睡过头了)。

4. Caffeine/stimulants

咖啡因/兴奋剂

Don’t drink any caffeinated drinks after mid-day. Caffeine stimulatesyour body for up to 12hours after consumption so it’s important to restrict your intake later in the day. Be aware ofsupposed ‘herbal’ drinks such as green tea, which can have a high dose of caffeine. Alwayscheck the label.

请不要在中午之后饮用含咖啡因的饮料。咖啡因会持续的影响人体12个小时，所以要控制自己不要在中午以后摄取咖啡因。小心一些“草本”饮料，例如绿茶含有很高的咖啡因。每次喝饮料之前都要看一下成份标签。

5. Stress &negative thinking

压力和消极想法

Stress is a large reason why many people find it difficult to sleep. One of the worse thingsyou can do is be stressed before bed. Stress proces chemicals that physically stop us fromsleeping. Try and clear your mind before bed time and make an effort to think positive thoughtsthat aid sleep.

压力是造成人难以入眠的重要原因。在上床睡觉前带着太大压力就更加糟糕了。压力会使人分泌出某些从生理上阻止睡眠的化学物质。尝试在睡前清空所思所想，努力朝有助于睡眠的积极方面想吧。

6. Too much light

光线太亮

Our bodies depend on ‘sleep signals’ to fall asleep and one of those signals is darkness.Make sure your room is as dark as possible before trying to get to sleep. Even a thin stream oflight coming in through your window can disrupt your pinealgland’s proction of sleephormones and therefore disturb your sleep rhythms, so make sure your blinds are closed!

我们的身体依靠“睡眠信号”来入睡，其中一个信号就是黑暗。所以在睡觉前要确保房间光线尽可能暗。即便是透过玻璃窗射进来的一小束光线也可能会干扰人的松果体分泌睡眠荷尔蒙，从而干扰睡眠生物钟。因此要保证关上百叶窗!

7. Sugar before bedtime

睡前摄取糖分

Sugary snacks before bedtime are a really bad idea. The sugar can disrupt the chemicals inyour body causing you to wake up ring the night. Limit all late night sweet treats – if you’rehungry go for a protein based snack instead.

睡前吃含糖的零食真的是个坏主意。糖会破坏人体体内的化学物质，导致人在夜间醒来。因此要控制晚间吃甜食的量，如果你饿了，去吃一些蛋白质为主的零食吧。

8. Alcohol before bedtime

睡前喝酒

Alcohol is a sedativeand therefore people get fooled into thinking it will help them get agood nights sleep. The reality is that it may initially ince sleep, however it usually drasticallyimpairs sleep ring the second half of the night which leads to interrupted sleep patterns thatwill leave you feeling fatigued in the morning (not to mention the hangover!)

酒精有镇定作用，因此人们会误以为酒精能帮助睡眠。实际上酒精可能会在一开始促进人睡眠，但是它也常会在后半夜严重影响人的睡眠，打乱人的睡眠模式，让你在早上觉得很疲乏(更不用说还有宿醉了)。

9. TV in the bedroom

卧室里摆放电视

It can be easy to fall asleep on the couch in front of the TV. It’s important we don’t try andreplicatethis strategy in the bedroom though. The bedroom must only be associated withsleep. When you start to introce mental stimulation such as a TV this can severely disruptyour sleep patterns.

坐在电视机前的沙发上很容易睡着，但重要的是我们不能在卧室里尝试这一 方法 。卧室应当只与睡眠有关，把电视机之类刺激神经的东西放进卧室会严重打乱你的睡眠模式。

10. Worrying about sleep

担心睡眠

If you’ve had a few bad nights sleep, then the worst thing you can do is worry too muchabout it. When we place too much focus on sleeping this can cause anxiety and only make theproblem worse. Try to go with the flow and let your body naturally get into a healthy sleeppattern.

当你几天都睡不好后，最糟糕的事情就是你还总是担心自己的睡眠。当我们把注意力过多放在睡眠上时，就会导致焦虑，而焦虑只会让睡眠问题变得更严重。试着顺其自然地让身体进入健康的睡眠模式吧。

医学科普文章英文版2

5个有害健康的常见生活习惯

Everyday health hazard 1: Lying

日常健康危害之1：撒谎

Whether you’re complimenting your best friend’s unflattering hairdo or “improvising”on thecost of your new designer shoes, we all tell the odd fibfrom time to time. However, accordingto research, those little white lies could be more harmful than you think. Lying can generatefeelings of stress which are damaging to your health, and a study by researchers at theUniversity of Notre Dame found that when people reced the amount of lies they told theysuffered from less headaches, sore throats and anxiety.

无论你是在恭维你最好朋友那不讨喜的发型，或临时冲动购物买下最新名牌鞋，在这时候我们通常会撒一些古怪的小谎。但是最新的研究显示，即便是那些无害纯洁的小谎言也会带来意想不到的危害。撒谎会产生压力，而压力会损害你的健康。一项来自圣母大学的研究发现，当人们减少说谎话的次数时，他们就会减少头疼、咽喉疼痛和焦虑的患病次数。

Everyday health hazard 2: Eating at your desk

日常健康危害之2：办公桌上吃饭

If you’re having a busy day in work, it can be tempting to skip your lunch break and eat atyour desk. However, missing out on breaks is not only bad for your stress levels, eating whiledistracted may also mean you are more likely to overeat. Furthermore, spending your lunchhour at your desk can lengthen the time you are physically inactive and also expose you toharmful bacteria. According to a study by the University of Arizona, your work station containsnearly 400 times more germs than the average toilet seat, making it a less than ideal place fordining.

如果你工作忙绿，你的午餐休息时间可能没了，就不得不在办公桌上吃午饭。然而错过了休息不仅会让你感到压力紧张，而且心烦意乱的你在这时候吃饭会导致你进食过量。此外，在办公桌上吃饭，你的身体不活动的时间就会增加，还会让你暴露在有害的细菌环境中。亚利桑那大学的研究 报告 显示，办公环境细菌量是马桶座圈平均量的400倍，你还想在这样的地方进餐吗?

Everyday health hazard 3: Housework

日常健康危害之3：家务

Need an excuse to put your feet up? Well, good news: research suggests that leaving thehousework for another day could give your health a boost! Research results published in theJournal of Family Psychology revealed that doing housework when you get home from workprevents levels of cortisol (the stress hormone) from lowering and reces recovery fromstress. However, stress levels for both men and women were lowered by housework beingcompleted – just so long as they weren’t the ones doing it. Look after your health by takingturns to do the housework with other members of your household if possible, and take timeout to relax afterwards.

想找个理由不做家务?那有好消息了：研究显示，人们把 家务活 留到第二天做，身体会更棒!《家庭心理学》刊登了这篇研究报告，报告结果显示，当你下班回家后做家务活，皮质醇(压力荷尔蒙)的释放会被抑制。皮质醇能降低压力，还能缩短受压后的恢复时间。但是当家务被完成后，男性和女性的压力水平都会降低——只要做家务的不仅仅只有他或她。可以的话，你可以和家人分担家务，这样能让自己保持健康，还有家务过后记得要抽时间休息啊。

Everyday health hazard 4: Using cash machines

日常健康危害之4：使用自动提款机

Withdrawing money from ATM machines is a common habit for most of us. However,cleanliness tests in Britain have revealed that cash machines are just as dirty as public toilets,and many of us are failing to wash our hands after using them. Experts assessed swabs fromthe key pads on cash machines and also from nearby public toilets and found that they bothcontained the same types of bacteria known to cause sickness. To look after your health, usean antibacterialhand gel once you have made your withdrawaland after handling money.

从自动提款机中提起现金是大多数人的日常习惯。然而一项英国的洁净测试显示，提款机和公厕一样脏，而且，大多数人在使用后都不会去洗手。专家们在自动提款机的键盘和附近的公厕中提取了样品，发现两者均含有同样致病菌。为了您的健康，请在提款和处理钱款后使用抗菌洗手液清洗。

Everyday health hazard 5: Cancelling plans

日常健康危害之5：取消计划

Find yourself frequently cancelling plans and ling out on social events to have a bit oftime to yourself? Then it may be time to pay some attention to your social life. While a bit of‘me time’ is essential to good mental and physical health, too much time on your own canactually be bad for you. Research suggests that having strong social bonds promotes brainhealth, reces feelings of depression and stress and encourages you to look after yourhealth. In fact, a study found that having few friends affects your longevityas much as smoking15 cigarettes a day.

发现自己频繁取消计划，还想摆脱社交活动，只为挤出属于自己的空闲时间?那么现在是时候在自己的社交生活中多多用心。拥有少量属于自己的时间，对于精神和身体方面是非常有益处的，但是太多属于自己的时间，反而有可能会害了你。研究显示，较强的社交联系有益于大脑的健康，同时能避免抑郁、降低压力，还能鼓励自己多关注自身的健康。事实上一项研究发现，没有朋友也会减少你的寿命，效果相当于1天抽15根烟。

医学科普文章英文版3

睡前玩iPad会影响睡眠质量

Using tablet computers like Apple’s iPad and Samsung’s Galaxy Note just before bed can lead toa poor night’s sleep, according to research.

More and more people are taking their tablets to bed with them to surf the web, checkFacebook or email before switching off the light.

But researchers are warning that the blueish light their screens emit can stop users getting agood night’s sleep.

That is because this type of light mimics daylight, convincing the brain that it is still daytime.

Blue light suppresses proction of a brain chemical called melatonin, which helps us fall sleep.This is because our brains have evolved to be wakeful ring daylight hours.

By contrast, light which is more orange or red in tone does not suppress melatoninproction, perhaps because our brains recognize it as a cue that the day is ending.

Neurologists have known for years that staring at screens late in the evening can disrupt sleep- be they television screens, computer screens or mobile phone screens.

However, because mobiles and tablets are by nature portable - not to say addictive - morepeople are taking them into the bedroom.

Users also tend to hold them much closer to their eyes than a computer or television screen.

Researchers at the Lighting Research Centre, at the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in NewYork, are warning that looking at tablet displays for more than two hours “leads to asuppression of our natural melatonin levels as the devices emit optical radiation at shortwavelengths” - in other words, they emit bluer light.

They say: “Although turning off devices at night is the ultimate solution, it is recommendedthat if these devices are used at night displays are dimmed as much as possible and that thetime spent on them before bed should be limited.”

They drew their conclusions after measuring melatonin levels in 13 volunteers, after they hadspent time viewing iPads at full brightness at a distance of 10 inches, for two hours.

Melatonin levels were significantly lower after they had done this, than they were after thevolunteers had viewed their iPads for the same time, but while wearing orange glass goggles,which cut out the blue light.

They wrote in the journal Applied Ergonomics that tablet makers could "tune the spectral powerdistribution of self-luminous devices" so that they disrupted the sleep patterns of users less.

It is not just a good night’s sleep that could be jeopardized by too much late night screentime.

Researchers know that persistent disruption to sleep patterns can lead to an increased risk ofobesity, and even breast cancer.

However, these studies tend to be comparisons of those with chronic sleep disruption, suchas long term shift workers, with those who have normal sleep patterns.

⑶ 医学英语教程《生物医学》unit5 readingA课文翻译

第一段：当肺炎这个词被用在医学实践中，它最长指的是一种急性的反应，常见地细菌造成的综合征，它的特点是一半或一侧肺或两侧肺的临床的和/或放射照相的征象的实变。
常用的这个词意然而已经很大程度上延伸到被各种各样的微生物造成的包括非细菌性的肺部的感染。
肺炎也偶尔被用作是肺炎的一个同义词，特别的当炎症的肺由非感染因素造成比如化学或射线伤害。
第二段：从实际目的出发，肺炎的分类应当既依解剖学部位，又指明病因：前者使用描绘性词语表达肺（一侧肺或左右两侧）病程的发展程度和分布，后者指明涉及的微生物。
考虑到，作为最初的原因，肺炎感染的原因被认为是否是社区或者是医院的感染是不被知道的。它也被有帮助的认为是否肺炎也许能由咽部吸入造成和是否或不是发生在免疫力下降的宿主身上。
第三段：从解剖学上肺炎习惯表明是否包括一个或更多进入肺叶或是否被限制在一节段或多节段的过程。
在涉及面及小时，肺炎也许是节段的。对解剖部位的描述在实际中完全依赖胸透，（它透过X光检查）所显示的肺炎过程比体检所得到的的估计更准确。
早期的诊断医生通过病理学组织在支气管肺炎和小叶性肺炎中分辨。
支气管肺炎被认为是支气管在炎症性的过程被一小部分或中端的气管和肺叶对向它限制的并发症，因此是肺叶的交替性肺炎。
小叶性肺炎，在另一方面，频繁地从头发生和特征是一种炎症性的外流或液体渗出物填充经过一叶或多叶肺。
第四段;作为补充的是小叶肺炎被认为是在临床和放射上表现的融合性实变出现在一部分或一肺叶或两个肺。
组织离段型肺炎被认为是合并不扩张的大多肺叶但是和解剖学上的支气管肺段在一侧或两侧更紧密。
当X光阴影的区域出现更多的小的阴影，压迫性肺炎是一个适当的可描述的组织，虽然这仍是暗指一个融合的和局限的过程。
如果显示亚段病变的阴影呈零星状（非融合的），散布于一肺或左右肺的一部分或全部，很难定位，则仍可以使用支气管肺炎。
第五段：这种解剖学上的肺炎分类是完全的但是有用的是病因的分类，确定被认为很有价值的可能性大的原因是有传染性的因素，
{老师课件}因为除了通常引起大叶性肺炎链球菌，其他微生物也可以引起大叶性肺炎，其他以解剖学分类的肺炎也如此，（所以解剖学分类是对病因性分类的补充，在确定可能引起肺炎的感染因子方面作用有限。）
因为如果不了解致病菌的种类，一些本来可以康复的患者就不能康复，因此，要尽可能确定每个患者的病原，以使有针对性的选择特定的抗菌治疗。
第六段;仅仅被猜到的组织原因当病人第一次见到和被认为区分是否是通过社区或是医院所感染的区别，作为感染组织不同的原因。
医院获得性肺炎是一种特殊的问题在术后病人和在ICU治疗中的病人，后者的这些人有很高的易感染的机会通过呼吸道感染。
不用类型的致病体发现在医院环境中的部分原因是那些患有严重疾病的人改变了免疫活性能力，部分细菌体的改变是由于抗生素的治疗和一部分器械使用或插管用于病人身上。
因此医源性的感染更多的常见原因是有氧的革兰氏阴性杆菌和球菌的获得远远比在社区获得的多。

⑷ 医学专业英语答案

A. 急！急！《医学专业英语阅读一分册》求答案

我们也要考，题型有词根词缀搭配，选择，阅读，中译英...

B. 医学专业英语

saxifrage n.虎耳草,虎耳草属

C. 医学专业英语翻译软件

医学专业英语翻译软件，这个你可以上网这去下载一个网上有很多这类的东西

D. 请翻译以下医学专业英语

简介
前瞻性和回顾性研究的几十年已经证明
随着外部束和腔内治疗相结合
放射治疗是许多患者的疗效与
子宫癌的子宫颈（1，2）。不过，治疗后
与仅约20-40％的放射治疗
局部晚期宫颈癌患者仍在发展
局部复发率（3，4）。到2000年，五个随机
试验已经证明了局部复发率降低
与疾病有关的死亡时，顺铂为基础的化疗
同时给予放疗（5-9）。
然而，尽管在该领域疾病复发
不太常见的放疗，他们并没有消除;
此外，区域复发继续发生
邻近淋巴结放疗领域（4）。在一项研究中
该报告的腹主动脉旁淋巴结复发率，5年发生率
为9％，盆腔放疗后并发
顺铂和5氟尿嘧啶（4）。没有这些研究
报告对耕地位置（中央主场迎战节点）的详细信息
盆腔复发。
在中央疾病复发的情况下（可
饲料新的前后区域转移），淋巴结复发
可以被看作是可能正在因交付
的辐射剂量不足，覆盖面不足的一
处理量，或两者兼而有之。我们研究的目的是
调查淋巴结复发的患者免费网站
本地（中央或远端 *** ）复发，并determihe网站之间的局部复发的解剖关系
和以往的放射治疗领域。据我们所知，
没有这种类型的研究已经做了详细的患者
放射治疗或单独或与放化疗。
尽管在我们的研究中大部分患者接受治疗
与单纯照射，这些数据将提供一个重要
未来研究的基线，可一旦完成
数量和随访病人与治疗相结合
治疗是不够的。此外，详细分析
治疗领域之间的解剖关系
区域复发的网站将有利于未来的设计
治疗策略，可能进一步降低发病率
局部复发。

E. 医学专业英语

就工作而言，其实接触到的不多，除非你有这方面的兴趣去看看国外的医学杂志；但考回研的时候当你选择导答师的时候，你会去看一些专业前沿的医学杂志或者论文，这对于一个研究生来说是相当重要的，而且是一名医学生，相比国外的医学生培养模式，国内所谓的“医学”已经够轻松了~

F. 医学专业英语翻译

Ultrasound see:
Thyroid or so in the normal range leaf size form, the spondylolysis normal thickness, be film *** ooth plete, left, and under the leaves very close to the edge essence and about the size of 4.8 agent * * * * * 3.0 3.8 mm substantial low, echo noles, boundary ShangQing, peripheral tidy, oval, quality of a material is uniform, did not see the obvious echoes calcification, rear acoustic beam no attenuation, and peripheral nolar CDFI and internal visible strip blood flow distribution, PW measures and for artery flow signal, high resistance index, about 0.7. Even more than the left lobe essence echo, did not see the unusual, blood supply in the normal range. The spondylolysis around and leaves the echo of essence in blood normal range. Both sides neck has not seen the abnormal lymph node.

G. 医学专业英语

整形外科—Plastic Surgery ; Reconstructive Surgery
普外科—General Surgery
手术室—Operation Room
骨科--Orthopedics
产科--Obstetrics
神经外内科--Neurosurgery
泌尿外科—Urinary Surgery; Urologic Surgery
消化内科-- Gastroenterology
内分泌科-- Endocrinology
神经内容科-- Neurology
心血管内科—Cardiovascular Internal Medicine
呼吸科—Respiratory Department
儿科-- Pediatrics
放疗科-- Radiotherapy
肿瘤科-- Oncology

注：心血管内科不能称为angiological,angiology 是血管淋巴管学的意思。

H. 如何成为医学专业英语的翻译员

不管是什么专业的翻译,最后能做得好的都是那些本身就是读的这方面的专业,然后加上回自己英语水平好答,才能够从事这方面的工作.毕竟要靠读英语系或者翻译专业来翻这些很专业的东西会很吃力的.
学语言的只是对语言的理解好一些,并不代表懂专业。建议你去学医,或者学一个你将来想成为某一个专业的翻译,然后提高自己的英语水平就OK了.

⑸ 医学专业英语阅读一分册 答案

医学英语阅读一分册课后题答案

⑹ 医学英语科普文章

身体健康是从物质意义对人的生活质量的理解。下面是我带来的 医学英语 科普 文章 ，欢颂慧羡迎阅读!

医学英语科普文章1

话说水果、蔬菜和野拍疾病

Five-a-Day "No Benefit" 每日五份没效果

碧裂One of the most commonly-held beliefs regarding health and nutrition in the UK has beenfound to be untrue, according to a new scientific study.

For many years British people have been recommended to eat at least 'five-a-day' – that isfive items of fruit or vegetables every day in order to improve their health and rece thelikelihood of illness, in particular cancer.

The recommendation was first put forward in 1990 by the World Health Organizationwhich said that the 'five-a-day' diet could prevent cancer and other chronic diseases.

Since then the advice has been a mainstay of public health policies in many developedcountries, such as the UK, where the population eat a high proportion of junk food.

Many health campaigns have promoted the advice, and indeed much food packaging inBritain states how the contents will constitute part of your five-a-day.

However, a study of 500,000 Europeans from 10 different countries refutes the commonly-believed suggestion that up to 50% of cancers could be prevented by increasing the public'sconsumption of fruit and vegetables.

Instead the study, which is led by researchers from a well-respected New York medicalschool, estimates that only 2.5% of cancers could be averted by eating more fruit and veg.

It seems that the key to avoiding cancers is to have an overall healthy lifestyle whichincludes not smoking or drinking a lot of alcohol, taking exercise and avoiding obesity.

But medical charities have spoken out to remind people that diet is an important factor instaying healthy, and that even a 2.5% rection in cancers is still a positive step.

Cancer Research UK said: "It's still a good idea to eat your five-a-day but remember thatfruits and vegetables are pieces in a much larger lifestyle jigsaw."

医学英语科普文章2

致命的军团杆菌

legionnaires' disease is a serious and sometimes fatal form of pneumonia. legionnaires' disease is caused by infection with legionella bacteria which are found naturally in the environment and thrive in warm water and warm damp places. man-made water systems sometimes provide environments that let legionella bacteria increase to large numbers. these man-made systems include showers, spa pools, fountains, and air conditioning cooling towers. people usually get legionnaires' disease by breathing in mists that come from a water source contaminated with legionella bacteria.

an estimated 8,000 to 18,000 people get legionnaires' disease in the united states each year. some people can be infected with legionella bacteria and have mild symptoms or no illness at all. patients with legionnaires' disease usually have fever, chills, and a cough, which may be dry or may proce sputum. some patients also have muscle aches, headache, tiredness, loss of appetite, and, occasionally, diarrhea. from the time of infection with legionella bacteria, it takes 2-10 days for symptoms to appear. in most cases, symptoms begin after 5-6 days. legionnaires' disease is treated with antibiotics, such as erythromycin. the earlier that treatment is begun, the better the outcome.

the first known outbreak of legionnaires' disease was in philadelphia, usa, in 1976. a total of 221 people contracted the disease and 34 died. most of those that died were legionnaires and that's how the disease got its name. the second largest outbreak was at the stafford hospital in england in 1985; a total of 101 people contracted the disease and 28 died.

军团病是一种非常严重的、有时可以致命的肺炎。军团病是由军团杆菌引起，这种细菌产生在自然环境中，在温水里及潮热的地方蔓延。人工供水系统有时也能为军团杆菌的大量繁殖提供生存环境。这些系统包括淋浴器、矿泉池、喷泉以及空调设备的冷却水塔。人们通常是由于呼吸了被军团杆菌污染的水源散发的水雾而传染上军团病的。

据估计，在美国每年都有国每年都有8000~18000人感染上军团病。有些军团病感染者所表现出来的症状比较温和，甚至根本就没有得病的迹象。军团病患者通常有发烧、畏寒及干咳或咳痰等表现。部分患者还有肌肉疼痛、头痛、疲劳、食欲不振及偶尔腹泻等症状。这种病的潜伏期约为的潜天。许多病例表明，出现症状需要状需要5~6天的时间。军团病可以用红霉素等抗生素进行治疗，越早治疗效果越好。

军团病已知的首次爆发是在发是1976年美国费城，221人感染疾病，其中死亡34人。由于大多的死者都是军团成员，因此称为军团病。该病的第二次大爆发是1985年在英国的斯塔福德医院。这次101个被感染者中有28人死亡。

医学英语科普文章3

女性最佳生育年龄

For women who want to have children, planning the right time is a difficult decision. In recent years, many women have opted to put off having kids until their late 20s and well into their 30s — focusing on finishing school, building their careers, traveling, and maybe even paying down their student loans before taking the leap into parenthood. Statistics show that women are waiting longer and longer to have kids — the current average age of first-time moms is up to 26.3, up from 24.9 just 15 years ago.

对于想要孩子的女性来说，合适的时间是一个艰难的决定。近年来，很多女性选择在20岁末甚至30多岁才要孩子，主要原因是她们忙于完成学业、发展职业生涯、旅行、甚至选择在为人父母之前偿还助学贷款。数据表明，女性的生育年龄越来越晚——生第一胎的平均年龄从15年前的24.9岁上升到现在的是26.3岁。

The choice to have children is extremely personal and of course there’s no wrong answer when it comes to being ready to be a mom. But according to Dr. Gillian Lockwood, medical director at the Midland Fertility Clinic in the UK, there is an ideal age when our bodies are best suited to pregnancy. Can you guess what it is?

要孩子的选择是一个非常私人的话题，选择什么时候做母亲都没有错。但是英国米德兰生育诊所的医学主任Gillian Lockwood表示，我们的身体有一个最佳的生育年龄。你能猜到是多少岁吗?

I’ll give you a hint: it’s when many of us have a quarter-life crisis. Also: when it finally becomes affordable to rent a car.

提醒一下：最佳的生育年龄是在大多数人的“青年危机”时，也是我们终于能租得起车的时候。

Yep. According to Lockwood, the ideal age to get pregnant is 25.

Lockwood表示，是的，最佳的生育年龄是25岁。

Unfortunately, says Dr. Lockwood, it’s also the age when motherhood is low on many women’s list of priorities. She explained in the Evening Standard:

Lockwood医生说，不幸的是，对很多25岁的女性来说，成为母亲并不在她们的优先任务清单上面。Lockwood医生在《伦敦标准晚报》上解释说：

“Age 25 is exactly the time when today’s young women have left university, are trying to get off on a good career, trying to pay back their student loans, trying to find someone who wants to have babies with them and trying to get on the housing ladder.”

“25岁的当代年轻女性刚刚大学 毕业 ，事业起步，忙于偿还助学贷款，找男朋友，努力买房。”

Dr. Lockwood also had some harsh words about fertility treatments being marketed as a viable option to women over 40. “The bleak reality is that the chance of IVF working with your own eggs once you are 40 is absolutely abysmal,” she said. “Would we let, yet alone encourage, patients to pay for an elective operation with a less than five percent chance of working?” While that may be Dr. Lockwood’s opinion, plenty of wannabe parents may be happy to take those chances.

Lockwood医生还批判了向40多岁女性推销不孕疗法的行为。“事实很残酷，如果你超过了40岁，用卵子进行体外受精的成功几率非常低，”她说。“谁会允许甚至鼓励病人做成功几率低于5%的择期手术?”这是Lockwood医生的观点，但仍有很多想要孩子的父母很愿意抓住这些机会。

It’s worth reiterating that there are so many factors that inform the choice to have kids and only you can decide when — and IF — you want to become a mother. Whether you choose to have kids at 20, 30, 40, or beyond; biologically, through a surrogate, or via adoption, always listen to your own body and make the decision that makes sense for your own life. You know what’s right for you.

特别强调的是，很多因素会影响要孩子的时间，只有你自己可以决定是否想成为一位母亲。不管你是在20岁、30岁、40岁甚至更大的年龄要孩子，是自己生、代孕还是收养，你都要听从自己的身体，做出对生活有意义的选择。你知道什么是最适合自己的。