英语阅读指代
㈠ 高考英语阅读理解解题技巧方法快速提高
快速提高高考英语阅读理解的解题技巧方法如下：
五、推理题：“最近原则”
1、标志：learn，infer，imply，inform。
2、看是否可以通过题干返回原文或依据选项返回原文。一般要围绕文中的一两个重点进行推理。推理题无论通过题干能不能定位，都要把它固化到文章的一两点上。
3、依据原文的意思进行三错一对的判断。先不要进清此行推理，若有一个选项跟原文的意思一模一样，则该选项必然是正确答案。推理题考察原文中的某几个点如一个、两个点所涉及的问题读透了没有。
4、推理题的最近答案原则：不推的要比推的好，源高推的近的要比推的远的好，直接推出的要比间接推的好（原文的某句话变个说法）。
㈡ 英语阅读理解九大题型解题技巧
有很多的同学是非常想知道， 英语阅读 题答题技巧是什么，下面是我整合的英语阅读理解九大题型解题技巧，一起来看看吧，肯定对你有所帮助的。
英语阅读理解九大题型解题技巧
一、例证题
01 例证题的标志。当题干中出现example, case, illustrate, illustration, exemplify等词语时，同学们就要立刻开启做“例证题”的模式啦!
02 回归 文章 ，找出该例证所在的位置，即给该例子定位。
03 搜索该例证周围的区域，找出该例证支持的观点。例子周围具有概括抽象性的表达通常就是它的论点。
04 找出该论点，并与四个选项比较，得出选项中与该论点最一致的答案。
05 例证题错误答案设计的干扰特征经常是：就事论事，即把例子中的某一内容写出来误导你，让你去选。
二、指代题
01 回归原文，找出问题中的指代词。
02 在指代词附近搜索，找最近的名词、名词性 短语 或 句子 。(先从最近点开始找，找不到再找次近的，一般答案不会离得太远)
03 将找到的词、词组或句子的意思代入替换该指代词，看其意思是否通顺。
04 将找到的词、词组或句子与四个选项进行比较，找出最佳答案。
三、词汇题
01 首先还是要回归原文，找出该词汇出现在哪里。
02 通过句子，确定该词汇的词性。
03 从上下文(词汇的前后几句)中找到与所给词汇具有相同词性的词(如一下子找不到就再往上往下找)，代入所给词汇在文章中的位置(将之替换)看语义是否合适。
04 找出选项中与代替词意思相同或相近的选相，这就是答案!
注意：
(1)如果该词汇是简单词汇，则其字面意思很大可能不是正确答案。
(2)英语阅读理解主要是考查同学们是否能根据上下文作出正确的判断。
(3)词汇题的正确答案经常蕴藏在原文该词汇出现的附近。注意不能靠单词词义直接往下推。
(4)寻找时要注意同位语、特殊标点(比如分号，分号前后两句话的逻辑关系不是形式上的并列就是语义上的并列，也就是两句话的意思相同，所以可用其中一句话的意思来推测另一句话的意思从而推出所给词汇含义)、定语从句、前后缀，特别要注意寻找时的同性原则。
四、句子理解题
01 回归原文找到原句。
02 对原句进行语法和词义的精确分析(找主干)，应该重点抓原句的字面含义。若该句的字面含义不能确定，则依据上下文进行判断。
03 一般来说，选项中的正确答案与原句意思完全相同，只不过用其他英语词汇换种表达而已。
04 句子理解题的错误选项干扰项特征：推得太远，做题时应把握住推的度。
五、推断题
01 推断题的标志：learn, infer, imply, inform等
02 看是否可以通过题干回归原文或依据选项回归原文。一般要围绕文中的一两个重点进行推理。推理题无论通过题干能不能定位，我们都要把它固定到文章的一两点上。
03 依据原文的意思进行三错一对的判断。先不要进行推理，若有一个选项跟原文的意思一模一样，则该选项必然是正确答案。推理题不是考查同学们天马行空的 想象力 ，它其实是考查同学们是否读透阅读文章里的某几个点所涉及的问题。
04 推理题的最近答案原则：不推的要比推的好，推的近的要比推的远的好，直接推出的要比间接推的好(原文的某句话变个说法)，把原文读懂才是做对推断题的关键!
六、主旨题
“串线摘帽”，即在自然段少的时候串串线，串线法解不出来时，大帽子、小帽子摘一下。
01 主旨题的标志：mainly about, mainly discuss, the best title等。
02 串线法：抓首段和其余各段的第一句话，把其意思连接成一个整体。要注意 总结 性的提示词和转折词，特别要注意中心句。(主要针对自然段少的文章，针对自然段多的文章，主旨题最好联系中心句，找一个和中心句最贴近的。)
03 很多时候，老师都会跟同学们说，首段往往就是中心主旨所在的地方。然而我还是要提醒各位同学，小心首段陷阱!
04 主旨题错误选项的干扰特征是：
(1)局部信息，即选项的内容小于文章的内容;
(2)范围过宽，即选项的内容大于文章的内容。
05 逆向思维 法：在两个选项看上去都十分正确无法选择时，试着从选项出发，想象一下如果自己以此选项来写文章会有那些内容，然后把它与文章的内容比较，接近的即为正确选项。
七、作者态度题
01 作者态度题的标志：attitude
02 应精确理解四个选项的含义，不要掺杂自己的观点。
03 可以寻找文中一些具有感情色彩的词。例如：fortunately, excessively等。
04 举例的方式。(是从正面举例，还是反面举例)
05 抓论述的主线。把第一段读透，把其他各段的段首段尾句拉出来，看整个文章的结构。
06 做作者态度题时同学们应该特别注意，要清楚是谁对谁的态度。
八、判断题
01 看能否通过四个选项具体化到原文中一点或者根据自然段原则定位。
02 每个选项都应回归原文，不能凭主观印象进行判断。
03 要重点抓是“三错一对”还是“三对一错”的关系。(做题时要看清题目的要求，选择“正确项”，还是“错误项”。)
九、细节题
细节题不用多说了，最重要的就是回归原文，在文章中找出题干所在位置，得出答案。
英语阅读题怎么做
1、细节题解题技巧
细节题的命题 方法 很多，如可能是对某个细节用同义结构转换后进行考查、也可能是将文章中的几个细节(通常是四个)放在一起要求考生判断是非(选出正确的一项或选出错误的一项)或对几个细节进行排序等。解答这类试题时，一个常用的方法就是运用定位法，即根据题干或选项中的线索词从原文中找到相关的句子，与选项进行比较从而确定答案(此时要特别注意一些常见的同义转换)。
(1)、关键信息定位法。这个主要是细节题，如涉及到数字(日期、时间、价格等)，就可以在文章中快速圈出数字，再找出目标数字及相对应的细节作息，还有人物姓名、地点名词等等，其他的还包括一些提示情节发展，或条纲性关键字眼，如First， Next， Finally等等。
(2)、 同义定位法。英文中可以用Paraphrase表示。同义定位就是指问题所用的关键词和文中的不一致，但属于同义性质，同义转换其实是在关键间的基础上拐个弯。
2、推理题解题技巧
推断题定义：在理解原文字面意思的基础上，通过对语篇逻辑关系的分析和细节的暗示，做出一定的判断和推理，从而得到文章的深层意义及隐含意义的过程。
出现特征：在考题中经常出现的词有infer， imply， indicate， conclude， learn from， probably， most likely， prove /according to等。
3、主旨大意题解题技巧
(1)、要在阅读原文基础上，仔细考虑选项是否与文章主题有密切联系;
(2)、再看选项对文章的概括性或覆盖面如何;
(3)、要注意题目是否过大或者过小;
(4)、要避免下列三种错误：概括不够(多表现为部分代整体，导致范围过小)、过度概括(多表现为扩大范围)、以事实、细节代替抽象概括的大意。
英语阅读理解题的正确流程
1)其实做阅读理解最正确的流程就是正确的阅读习惯以及自己的做题习惯。有些同学的阅读习惯是先看问题，再读文章，然后做题，最后再次略读文章。
这个顺序就是带着问题去读文章，目标明确比较节省时间。第一次读文章的时候大概了解一下文章内容以及问题的大概位置(看到问题的相关内容就标记一下，省的做题的时候又得找)，做题的时候就不用再在文章中找了。做完阅读理解的所有题以后，再略读一下文章，看有没有忽略的地方。
2)先读文章，再做题目，最后再读一遍文章。这时大部分同学做阅读理解题的习惯。首先阅读文章掌握全文脉络，然后根据题目和选项排查信息，选出答案。这种方法做阅读理解正确率比较高，但是比较浪费时间，因为大部分人的记忆都没有好到读一遍文章就清楚每个细节的地步，所以读完文章以后做题的时候还要再次回头去找。
具体的阅读流程还得根据自己的做题习惯以及效率来决定。
英语阅读理解九大题型解题技巧相关文章：
★ 中考英语阅读理解各题型技巧归纳
★ 英语阅读理解题解题思路与技巧
★ 2020年高考英语阅读理解题型的解题方法
★ 英语中考九大题型及答题技巧
★ 高考英语阅读理解攻略及解题技巧
★ 高考英语阅读理解的常见题型有哪些
★ 高中英语阅读理解有哪些解题技巧
★ 中考英语九大题型及答题技巧
★ 中考英语阅读理解的解题技巧
㈢ 英语阅读方法
英语的阅读方法有如下几种：
一、精读
1、含义：“精读”指代的就是仔细地去阅读，一句一句话去推敲，了解每一句英语句子的构造、用法、意思，了解每一个英语单词在所在英语句子当中的用法以及相关的固定搭配。
2、优缺点：跟泛读不同的是，精读需要更多的时间和精力去进行，可能只适用于时间比较充足的时候，不过精读能够起到的学习效果及时更加好，也更有利于学习者记忆自己所看过的内容和知识点。
3、方法：在进行精读的过程当中，也可以结合复述的方式来进行阅读，把自己所看过的英语文章用自己的语言组织复述出来，这也有利于加强对于所看文章的理解以及记忆。
三、总结
不管是精读还是泛读，也要注重对于英语文章的选择，不要选择难度过大或者难度过容易的英语文章来阅读，这样也不利于提高自己的阅读水平，按照一般的情况来说，如果一篇英语文章当中有30%的单词是自己不太熟悉的，那么这篇英语文章则比较适合自己的阅读。
㈣ 英语阅读常见题型及答题思路
阅读看似很难，实际上是有规律可循的，下面是英语阅读常见题型及答题思路，欢迎阅读了解。
词汇题
1.标志：
在题目中明确指出某处的单词或者词组，要求辨别其意思。
2.关键：
该单词并不重要，重要的是上下文。
3.如果该单词认识，并且不超纲，那么他的字面意思绝对不是正确答案。其正确答案是根据上下文推出的更深层的含义，该含义也许与原单词表面意思没有关系。
4.方法借助上下文理解，在上下文中寻找同性词或词组，利用上下文中逻辑关系将四个选项代入替换，看语义是否通顺。
指代题
1.标志：
在题干中明确指出某个代词要求辨别it，that，one，they。
2.步骤：
(1)返回原文，定位代词，并且准确理解分析该句话。
(2)向上搜索离其近的名词、短语、句子。
(3)将找到的词，短语，句子带入替换，看是否通顺。
(4)在四个选项中，找与找到的词接近的选项。
细节题
1.题干上有五个W一个H提问。
2.题干中明确会提到的时间、地点、人物或者事物等细节信息。
3.有可能针对文章中的一句话或者几句话发问。
4.题干和选项有可能考察一种因果关系。
5.解题关键：返回原文，准确定位。
做题依据一定要紧扣文章本身，要注意返回原文找答案：
1.可以根据题干所列的地点、时间、人物、事物返回原文。
2.根据出题的'顺序返回原文。
3.根据题干中或四个选项中的重点词或同义词返回原文。
4.通过长难句返回原文。
句子理解题
1.标志：
题干中明确指出是原文中的某句话，重要的不是上下文，而是句子本身。
2.步骤：
(1)重点是返回原文，对该句子进行语法、句法、词法的精准解析。正确(不能推)理解句子 的深刻含义。
(2)若该句话的含义不能确定，则适当依据上下文进行判断。局部含义有整体含义决定。
(3)一般来说，选项中的正确答案与原句是同义关系，只不过用其他短语表达。
3.错误选项特征：推的过远，做题时注意把握理解度。
4.正确选项不包含过于绝对化的词语。
主旨大意题
1.标志：
besttitle，mainidea，mainproblem，conclusion，mainlydisguss，mainlydealwith或者问作者的写作目的purpose,theauthorintendstodosth,adigestof，利用宏观阅读技巧作主旨题，不管是出现在什么位置，都把他作为后一题来做。
2.方法：
(1)段落少，用串线法。
(2)快速作文法：两个选项难以分辨的时候，用这两个选项做作文，快速给出提纲。
3.选项不能选择局部信息，也不能选范围过宽的信息。
态度题
1.标志：
题干中出现attitude，believe，consider，deam，regard，deem
2.作者态度可以分为三大类：
(1)正态度：支持，乐观，赞同
(2)客观、中立、公正
(3)反对、批评、怀疑
3.等价选项都不选
4.有些选项一定不是正确答案(永陪选项)：indifferent(漠不关心);subjective(主观的);biased(有偏见的);puzzled(迷惑不解的)
5.识别作者态度：
方法一：可以根据作者论述的主线及举例的方式进行判断。
方法二：当作者态度没有明确提出时，找文章中有褒贬含义、含有感情色彩的词。
6.特别注意作者的态度一般与文章中心相联系。做题时不要把自己的态度纳入其中，而且要注意区分作者的态度和作者引用别人的态度。
态度题新趋势
1.现在题目的考察不仅仅局限于作者的态度，也开始考察文章中某人的观点和态度，做题时特别应该注意看清楚题目考察的是谁对谁的态度。
2.选项可能不在是态度明确的肯定或者否定的词，而是改为带有程度限制的词语，带有如下词语的选项往往是正确的：guarded(慎重的)，qualified(有条件的)，tempered(缓和的)，因为带有保留态度的观点比较客观，一般带有绝对化或者过于强烈的词的选项必然是错误的，如：strongly，compeletly，entirely。
推理题
1.标志：
往往出现infer，imply，learn
2.解题关键：
(1)绝大多数推理题答案是文章中心或原文某句话的同义表达。正确答案与原文之间基本上不存在推理关系。
(2)做题时看是否可以通过题干返回原文，或者依据选项返回原文，一般围绕文章中的一两个重点句进行思考，特别注意文章中含义深刻或者结构复杂的句子。因为对作者所表达的意思不能一下子理解的长难句是命题所在。
尤其注意：
做题时不能想的太多，推的太远，是否能把原文看懂才是关键。
例证题
1.标志：
example，exemplify，illustration，demonstration
2.解题关键：
不在于是否看懂了例子，而在于是否找到了例子所支持的观点。
3.步骤：
(1)返回原文，找出该例子支持的观点。80%向上，20%向下。
(2)在四个选项中寻找与找到的论点表达一致、意思接近的一个。
注意：有时候例证题所支持的观点需要归纳总结。
4.错误答案的论述方式：混淆论点与论据;列举无关常识。
判断题
1.标志：
which of the following statement is not ture?All of the following is ture except...
2.思路：
(1)首先判断是三对一错还是三错一对，所谓对是符合原文或者符合作者态度的。所谓错是指原文有矛盾或者原文未提及的概念，或者与作者态度相反的内容。
(2)每个选项力争返回原文，与原文信息进行一一比较排除。
(3)注意这种题目的选项，有时候会集中于某段的信息或者各具一些共同特征，所以做题时可以先对比一下四个选项，找出其中可能存在的共同点，再回到原文定位。
㈤ 英语阅读理解技巧
关于英语阅读理解技巧
阅读理解是英语考试的重点，下面是我为大家整理的关于英语阅读理解技巧，欢迎参考~
一、常考语法点
1.复杂长难句结构(复杂句中常有2个动词为标志)
2.强调句(it is that do not only but also)
3.正话反说(潜台词)(sound like/seem look as though utopia)
4.含插入语的句子(跳过不看)
5.双重否定(负负得正原则)(hardly unknown, do not less , nothing illegal)
6.一些特殊标点，如引语常考。要不支持，要不批判，要不大背景。
7.复杂句中的拆分的固定结构，如from to between and
8.同位语
9.指代关系
10.逻辑主语、宾语
11.省略句
12.虚拟语气
13.例子常考，看例子说明什么。
14.转折处，重点在转折后。
15.因果句常考，奇速英语注意分清那是因，那是果，不要颠倒。
16.类比比喻常考。
17.集中式列举一般会出题。
阅读核心语法：
1.定语从句。
2.插入语。
3.定语后置
4.并列句。
5.分词现象
二、文章结构分析
提问-回答
新老观点对比型
独句段(极有可能是中心思想所在)
让步叙述型
争论辩论型
一分为二型(二个核心的平行结构)
总分总
三、阅读的黄金三原则
(1)剥洋葱式句法结构分析：
1.判断一句话有几个洋葱(主从句分节)。
1)如果一句话有and或or，并且and前后是句子并列，那么前后独立构成一个洋葱，分开剥皮。
2)看这句话中有没有but或yet，如果有but，yet那么前后独立各自成为一个洋葱。
3)看这句话中有没有特殊的标点符号：分号，冒号，破折号，有的话分开几句话剥皮。
2.对每一个洋葱分开剥皮，必须从第一层皮开始，也就是整个句话的核心主谓宾，以后一次每构成一个语法就构成一层皮。注意时态!
3.将每层意思翻译成中文。
4.用设问的方法将这些句子串联起来，组成复杂句。
(2)得分句、辅助句：
三种关系：
1.当得分句式某一段的第一句话，那么辅助句就是这一段的剩余文字。
2.最后一句话，那么辅助句是倒数第二句话。
3.中间一句话，那么是这句话的.前后句。
(3)坐标轴原则：
就是选择与原文意思最接近的意思，如果都不接近就选范围大的那个。
确定零点很重要：中心词。
确定中心词：
1.看题干有没有人名、地名、大小写，时间、数据等。
2.看主语谓语宾语。
3.看其他词汇。
4.找到：好几个。一一对照，确定到底是那句。
5.找不到：顺序原则。计算原则。
6.例外：下面哪项是对的?要从选项里找中心词一一对照，有的是找不到中性词的。
四、阅读的几种题型
1.情感态度题，包括全文和局部
2.中心思想题，包括主旨大意题，最好标题题，目的题，例证题等
3.猜词题
4.事实细节题
5.推理判断题
五、做阅读的具体方法
1.先看题干，明白要问的是什么?确定是何种题型?
2.进入本题型的解题方法和步骤。
3.再看文章对应的段落，在里面找正确答案。
4.做完一题，再看下一题的题干，在下一段找答案，一般都是一题与一段相互对应。
5.遇到“下面哪项对?下面哪项不对?”这种题目一般都是和段落对应，要不就放到最后做!
6.做完后分析文章的主旨大意，看看自己选择的是不是符合文章的主旨，很多题目都是这样的，包括细节题。
7.做完全部题目结合概率论来检查。基本上是5个平均，有时会有4、6现象，但只会出现二个，不会出现四个!(意思是一般是5A5B5C5D,个别年份是4A6B5C5D这种形式的)
六、阅读命题原则
1.避免考生根据一般常识而不用阅读文章就能得出答案!所以看似是常识的肯定不对!
2.正确选项的长度和结构要有迷惑性，不能明显异于别的选项!
七、正确答案分析
阅读问题的正确答案经常具有下列五大特征之中的一个或几个：
1.特征一---内容：常与文章的主旨有关。
即经常涉及文章的中心思想。有的文章后面几个问题的正确答案都对应文章的主旨，因此，要注意正确表达了原文主旨的选项。
2.特征二---位置：常对应段首、段尾和转折处。
在前面的做题步骤中已经指出段首、段尾和转折处是文章的重点，也是常出题的地方，值得关注。
3.特征三---改写：常对原文进行同义替换、正话反说或反话正说。
同义替换、正话反说或反话正说是阅读三种最常见的答案编写方式，了解它们就等于能从命题角度把握问题。
4.特征四---语气：常含有不肯定语气词和委婉语气词。
有些问题的答案，尤其是推理题的答案中常包含不肯定语气词和委婉语气词，如may等，以显示推理的相对性。
5.特征五---特性：常具有概括性和深刻性。
由于考研阅读考查的对象是文章要点与重点，因此答案通常具有概括性和深刻性，所以选择答案时对于包含过于琐碎细节的选项要警惕。
做阅读问题时，如果能以原文为依据，并结合上述正确答案的五大特征进行思考，结果会比较理想。
八、干扰选项的特点
1.看似合理，其实以偏概全、断章取义。
要么利用在文章中没有提到的生活常识编造选项。
要么把文章中的事实和细节当主旨，把片面的次要的观点当成主要观点。因此我们要从文中找依据，找答案，看似合理的不一定就是正确答案。
在主旨题中，应该排除细节干扰，把握文章主题。
2.偷梁换柱，张冠李戴。
要么对原句中的细微处做了改动，要么截取文章中的词语或类似结构进行编造。要么在备选项中把因说成果，把果说成因，把别人的观点或作者反对的观点说成是作者的观点。因此我们要注意，过于相似的选项不一定正确，除非程度、范围都与原文完全一致。我们要注意：“原文越多，对的可能性越小”!
3.用常规含义代替偏用词义。词意句意题中，通常把要考察的词或句的常规含义作为干扰项。
4.过度引申。要注意选项是不是大大超出了文章允许的范围，切勿过度发挥。
5.最具迷惑性的选项是一半对一半错的!
;㈥ 高中英语阅读理解之主旨大意的解题方法
高中英语阅读理解之主旨大意的解题技巧
典例剖析1.[2015·江苏高考，C篇]Suppose you become a leader in an organization. It's very likely that you'll want to have volunteers to help with the organization's activities. To do so, it should help to understand why people undertake volunteer work and what keeps their interest in the work.
Let's begin with the question of why people volunteer. Researchers have identified several factors that motivate people to get involved. For example, people volunteer to express personal values related to unselfishness, to expand their range of experiences, and to strengthen social relationships. If volunteer positions do not meet these needs, people may not wish to participate. To select volunteers, you may need to understand the motivations of the people you wish to attract.
People also volunteer because they are required to do so. To increase levels of community service, some schools have launched compulsory volunteer programs. Unfortunately, these programs can shift people's wish of participation from an internal factor (e.g., “I volunteer because it's important to me.”) to an external factor (e.g. ，“I volunteer because I'm required to do so.”). When that happens, people become less likely to volunteer in the future. People must be sensitive to this possibility when they make volunteer activities a must.
Once people begin to volunteer, what leads them to remain in their positions over time? To answer this question, researchers have concted followup studies in which they track volunteers over time. For instance, one study followed 238 volunteers in Florida over a year. One of the most important factors that influenced their satisfaction as volunteers was the amount of suffering they experienced in their volunteer positions. Although this result may not surprise you, it leads to important practical advice. The researchers note that attention should be given to “training methods that would prepare volunteers for troublesome situations or provide them with strategies for coping with the problem they do experience”.
Another study of 302 volunteers at hospitals in Chicago focused on indivial differences in the degree to which people view “volunteer” as an important social role. It was assumed that those people for whom the role of volunteer was most part of their personal identity would also be most likely to continue volunteer work. Participants indicated the degree to which the social role mattered by responding to statements such as “Volunteering in Hospital is an important part of who I am.” Consistent with the researchers' expectations, they found a positive correlation (正相关) between the strength of role identity and the length of time people continued to volunteer. These results, once again, lead to concrete advice: “Once an indivial begins volunteering, continued efforts might focus on developing a volunteer role identity... Items like Tshirts that allow volunteers to be recognized publicly for their contributions can help strengthen role identity.”
QWhat is the best title of the passage?
A.How to Get People to Volunteer
B.How to Study Volunteer Behaviors
C.How to Keep Volunteers' Interest
D.How to Organize Volunteer Activities
[答案]A主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要阐述了人们为什么要做志愿者，和持续进行志愿活动与志愿者身份认同之间的正比关系，并强调要加强对志愿者身份的认同。A项“如何让人们参与志愿者活动”能概括文章中心，适合做标题。故选A。
2.[2015·天津高考，B篇]Whether in the home or the workplace, social robots are going to become a lot more common in the next few years. Social robots are about to bring technology to the everyday world in a more humanized way, said Cynthia Breazeal, chief scientist at the robot company Jibo.
While household robots today do the normal housework, social robots will be much more like companions than mere tools. For example, these robots will be able to distinguish when someone is happy or sad. This allows them to respond more appropriately to the user.
...
QWhat does the passage mainly present?
A.A new design idea of household robots.
B.Marketing strategies for social robots.
C.Information on household robots.
D.An introction to social robots.
[答案]D主旨大意题。第一段第一句“Whether in the home or the workplace, social robots are going to become a lot more common in the next few years.”开篇点题并结合对全文的整体理解可推知，本文是一篇说明文，主要对社交机器人进行了简要的介绍。故选D。
技能演练
CHICAGO (Reuters)Smoking not only can wrinkle (皱纹) the face and turn it yellow—it can do the same to the whole body, researchers reported on Monday.
The study, published in the Archives of Dermatology, shows that smoking affects the skin all over the body—even skin protected from the sun.
...
Smoking can also damage the connective tissue (组织) that supports both die skin and the internal organs.
QThe best title for this passage would be ________.
A.The Danger of Smoking
B.Smoking Causes Skin Aging
C.Quit Smoking for Health
D.A Survey of Smokers
答案：B主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了吸烟影响皮肤，使皮肤衰老。所以选B。
2.British pupils taught by Chinese are better than their peers in maths and science, a new study has found.
In a study aimed at comparing the British and the Chinese school systems, pupils taught by Chinese teachers outperformed the rest of their peers in a series of exams set by an independent research body (The Institute of EcationIOE).
In an experiment for BBC Two's “Are Our Kids Tough Enough? Chinese School”， five teachers from China were responsible for the ecation of 50 students for four weeks at Bohunt School in Hampshire. Learning together in one classroom, the students of mixed abilities were taught in a Chinese style ecation system, with 12 hour days and a stricter learning regime (制度).
...
QWhat's the test mainly talk about?
A.The British students guided by the Chinese teachers behave better than their mates in some aspects of schooling.
B.Chinese teachers are better than American teachers in maths and science.
C.The school systems between China and Britain are so different.
D.The Chinese teachers show a stricter learning to the British students.
答案：A主旨大意题。本文主要讲述由中国老师指导的英国学生在学校的表现比其他学生要好。所以选A。
3.In an incredible feat (技艺) of memory, college lecturer Li Yan, 51, recited every word of an EnglishChinese dictionary, a total of 220,000 words.
The 51yearold business English lecturer at Xi'an Jiaotong University in Xi'an, started to recite the entire content of an EnglishChinese dictionary on August 6, 2013, and completed the task 19 days later. Since that first recitation, she has performed the task 28 times.
“I tried to remember every word in the dictionary in order to make it easier for me to teach my classes，” Li said.
Her perseverance (坚持) comes from a hard life that taught her to keep going forward no matter how many difficulties she encountered.
...
QWhat could be the best title for the text?
A.A Responsible Mother
B.An Effective Teaching Method
C.An Extraordinary Female
D.A Living Dictionary
答案：D主旨大意题。本文主要讲述的是一个大学讲师，通过努力把一部英汉词典全部背过，堪称一部“活词典”。
4.[2016·青岛联考]I work in a nursing home and my job is to take care of the elderly.
This year, a very sweet old lady that I cared for, Alice, had gone through a difficult time. She got dementia and so she had been in the hospital twice. In November I was finally able to get her back to her “home”.
Alice had thought her daughter was coming to visit her on Christmas Day and that they were going to have the whole family together like the old days. When she finally realized that that happy moment was not going to happen, she was very sad. Knowing that her daughter was coming after Christmas was not enough to make her feel happy. I hated the idea of her being alone on the holiday!
On Christmas Eve, I gave her a surprise by asking if she would like to go to a candlelight service at church that night.
Instead of taking her to my church, I took her to her old neighborhood church where all her friends were. We got there early and I got her a seat where her friends could see her as they came in. Then soon some of her friends came to the church and they rushed over to greet her and sit with her.
The candlelight service was beautiful and Alice got a lot of love from her old and new friends there.
The truth of the story is that I am the one who got the best gift: the smile on Alice's face.
QWhat is the best title for this passage?
A.A Special Candlelight Christmas Eve
B.The Dream of All Old Lonely Ladies
C.My Special Job
D.The True Love
答案：A主旨大意题。本文讲述了作者帮助一位老人过了一个特别的烛光平安夜的故事，故选A项。
高中英语阅读理解之指代对象题的解题技巧
典例剖析[2015·浙江高考，C篇]If humans were truly at home under the light of the moon and stars, we would go in darkness happily, the midnight world as visible to us as it is to the vast number of nocturnal (夜间活动的) species on this planet. Instead, we are diurnal creatures, with eyes adapted to living in the sun's light. This is a basic evolutionary fact, even though most of us don't think of ourselves as diurnal beings. Yet it's the only way to explain what we've done to the night: We've engineered it to receive us by filling it with light.
...
QWhat does “it”(Paragraph 1) most probably refer to?
A.The night. B.The moon.
C.The sky. D.The planet.
[答案]A指代判断题。根据第一段中的“even though most of us don't think of ourselves as diurnal beings. Yet it's the only way to explain what we've done to the night: We've engineered it to receive us by filling it with night.”可知，事实上，虽然我们并不承认自己是白昼生物，但很多时候我们总是用光来照亮夜晚，故此处it指代前面的“the night”。故选A项。
2.[2015·湖南高考，A篇]...
Cyclists jump on and off pavements (which are meant for pedestrians), ride at speed along the pavements, and think they have a special right to go through traffic lights when they are on red.
I was almost knocked down recently by a cyclist riding on the pavement when there was a cycle lane right next to him.
Other road users, including horse riders, manage to obey the rules so why not cyclists?
It's about time they had to be registered and insured, so when they do hit a pedestrian or a vehicle, or cause an accident, at least they can be traced and there might be an opportunity to claim.
——JML
Write to Viewpoints of the newspaper.
QThe underlined word “they” in the third letter refers to ________.
A.accidents B.vehicles
C.pedestrians D.cyclists
[答案]D指代判断题。根据第三封信第一段第一句的主语“Cyclists”可知，该信主要是对骑自行车者的抱怨和建议;结合画线词所在句中的“they had to be registered and insured, so when they do hit a pedestrian or a vehicle, or cause an accident”可知，骑自行车者应该注册登记并购买保险，这样当他们撞上行人或车辆，引发事故时，可以被查出，承担责任。由此可推知，“they”指代的是“cyclists”。故D项正确。
3.[2015·福建高考，B篇]...
Papa, as a son of a dirtpoor farmer, left school early and went to work in a factory, for ecation was for the rich then. So, the world became his school. With great interest, he read everything he could lay his hands on, listened to the town elders and learned about the world beyond his tiny hometown. “There's so much to learn，” he'd say. “Though we're born stupid, only the stupid remain that way.” He was determined that none of his children would be denied (拒绝) an ecation.
Thus, Papa insisted that we learn at least one new thing each day. Though, as children, we thought this was crazy, it would never have occurred to us to deny Papa a request. And dinner time seemed perfect for sharing what we had learned. We would talk about the news of the day; no matter how insignificant, it was never taken lightly. Papa would listen carefully and was ready with some comment, always to the point.
QThe underlined word “it” in the second paragraph refers to “________”.
A.one new thing B.a request
C.the news D.some comment
[答案]C指代判断题。根据画线词前面的“We would talk about the news of the day; no matter how insignificant”可知，吃晚饭的时候，作者一家人会谈论这一天所发生的新闻，不管这些事是多么的无关紧要。由此可推知，“it”指代的是这句话中的“the news”。故答案选C。
技能演练Have you heard of the term “tweenager” ? It's a new word being used in the UK to describe children between the ages of about 10 and 12. Why are the media suddenly referring to kids in this way?
Well, more and more companies are beginning to create procts and services for tweenagers. The Disney company sells the Hannah Montana television show, music, films and procts to tweenagers and their parents. You can get everything from branded lunchboxes and cellphones, to fan magazines and clothing. The High School Musical series of films is also intended for a tweenage audience. So, it's all about sales, which tells us tweenagers must have more money, freedom and influence upon their parents than they have ever had before.
...
QThe underlined word “they” in the second paragraph most probably refers to “________”.
A.companies B.sales
C.tweenagers D.their parents
答案：C指代判断题。现在的孩子比以前的孩子有更多的零花钱、更多的自由，以及对家长的影响更大了。这里是拿现在的孩子跟以前的孩子对比，所以选C。
2....
Like Schmid, the editors of several selfpublished art magazines also champion (捍卫) found photographs. One of them,_called simply Found, was born one snowy night in Chicago, when Davy Rothbard returned to his car to find under his wiper (雨刷) an angry note intended for some else：“Why's your car HERE at HER place?” The note became the starting point for Rothbard's addictive publication, which features found photographs sent in by readers, such a poster discovered in our drawer.
...
QThe underlined word “them” in Paragraph 4 refers to ________.
A.the readers
B.the editors
C.the found photographs
D.the selfpublished magazines
答案：D指代判断题。根据第四段第一句“Like Schmid, the editors of several selfpublished art magazines also champion (捍卫) found photographs.”以及第二句中画线后的“called simply Found”可推知，them指代“self-published art magazines”，所以选D。
3.[2016·山西联考]...
The latest Chinese “god song” (an Internet term to describe pop songs that spread virally through the Internet) is still stirring up fierce debates between those who view it as a milestone for Chinese pop music going global and those who regard it as a bad image of China.
Last week, Little Apple, written and performed by the Chopsticks Brothers, won the AMA International Song Award and the_o performed the song at the 2014 American Music Awards in Los Angeles. Another Chinese pop singer, Zhang Jie, won the International Artist Award.
...
QWhat do the underlined words “the o” refer to?
A.Little Apple.
B.Chopsticks Brothers.
C.Zhang Jie.
D.American singers.
答案：B指代判断题。根据第二段的第一句“Last week, Little Apple, written and performed by the Chopsticks Brothers, won the AMA International Song Award and the_o performed the song at the 2014 American Music Awards in Los Angeles.”可推知，the o的意思是“一对表演者”，此处代指《小苹果》的表演者“筷子兄弟”，故选B项。
4.[2016·南昌一模]...
Even if trees cannot walk, they are still on the move.
In parts of the Arctic, entire forests are moving northward. Across the Arctic, temperatures are rising faster than anywhere else in the world. As that happens, the tree line that marks where forests stop and the treeless tundra (冻原) starts has been shifting northward. Trees growing along the tree line must protect themselves from the cold wind. To do this,_plants tend to grow horizontal (水平的) branches low to the ground. The energy it takes for trees to grow this way means they don't have enough energy to make seeds.
QWhat does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A.To proce more seeds.
B.To move northward
C.To respond to the climate change.
D.To protect themselves from the cold wind.
㈦ 高考英语阅读七选五的代词指代现象
高考英语阅读七选五是一种难度较高的题型。完形填空考的是填词，而阅读七选五考的是填句。考生做这种题型时不仅要考虑上下文的连贯性，而且要应对两个多余的干扰项的影响。这两个干扰项通常被设计得与正确选项非常接近，容易混淆考生的判断。
高考英语阅读七选五强调上下文连贯性。这种连贯体现在句子、段落在衔接时会使用逻辑连接词、代词等。
本文主要分析的是代词指代现象。这种题型在2019年全国1、2、3卷均出现，但是更早以前则出现的次数较少。
2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷I）七选五第40题
原文如下：
Is Fresh Air Really Good for You?
We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air.” 36 According to recent studies，the answer is a big YES，if the air quality in your camping area is good.
37 If the air you’re breathing is clean-which it would be if you’re away from the smog of cities-then the air is filled with life-giving，energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors，your body will learn to breathe more deeply，allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles（肌肉）and your brain.
Recently，people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing（治愈）. 38 In these places patients can go to be near nature ring their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green，growing things can rece stress，lower blood pressure，and put people into a better mood（情绪）.Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients Who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. 39 It gives us a great feeling of peace.
40 While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin, they also give is beneficial Vitamin D. To make sure you get enough Vitamin D—but still protect your skin— put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and that's plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day's worth of Vitamin D.
选项
A. Fresh air cleans our lungs.
B. So what are you waiting for?
C. Being in nature refreshes us.
D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.
E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?
F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate air with health care.
G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
这篇文章主题是关于新鲜空气的益处。去户外不只意味着呼吸新鲜空气，有助于清肺；多看自然景物也有助于调节情绪，保持好心情；同时户外的阳光也有益处，有助于补充维生素D。
其中，第40题的空格设置在段首。段首设空通常意味着填进去的句子要能承上启下，尤其是概括本段中心。分析本文结构可知，首段的作用主要是引入话题，而后面几段是分别列举去户外呼吸新鲜空气的好处，属于总分结构。在列举了清肺、调节心情等好处之后，最后一个好处是通过适当的日晒补充维生素D，因此第40题的空格要能够承上启下，从上面的好处过渡到最后一个好处。D选项的another side benefit即“另一个附带好处”可以起来这个作用。
答案
36. E
37. A
38. G
39. C
40. D
2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷II）39题
Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question:“Should I jump? This is what motivation or the lack of it can do. Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of same coin. 36 Like the child on the diving board, you will stay undecided.
37 More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal? First, you need to evaluate yourself , your values your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires ,etc. Only then should your you’re your goals
You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite important, because it is directly related to your commitment. There are times when your heart is not in your work. 38 So, slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment. Clarity（清晰）of thoughts can help you move forward.
Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible. 39 They also need to be measurable. You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.
Your personal circumstances are equally important. For example, you may want to be a Pilot but can’t become one because your eyesight is not good enough. 40 You should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal.
You will surely need to overcome some difficulties, some planned, but most unplanned. You cannot overcome them without ample motivation. Make sure that you plan for these difficulties at the time of setting your goals.
选项
A. This can affect your work.
B. So how should you motivate yourself?
C. However, this should not discourage you.
D. So why should we try to set specific goals?
E. They can change according to circumstances.
F. Motivation is what you need most to do a good job.
G. Without motivation you can neither set a goal nor reach it
这篇文章是关于遇到多个选择时，人们容易因为犹豫不决，于是没有采取任何行动。本文分析了这种现象，并给出了多个建议。
其中第39题属于段中设空。段中设空通常需要填充的句子能与前后句衔接。仔细品读本段，
Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible. 39 They also need to be measurable. You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.
前句的意思是“另一种设置现实目标的方法是分析你的长短期目标，记住你的信仰、价值观和强项。记住这些目标是灵活的。”
后句的意思是“他们也应该可测量。设置目标时，你必须记住这些要点。”
那么做题时应该注意几个要点。第一，这里的“他们”指的是什么呢？ 根据上下文，这个“他们”应该是指目标。第二，在意思上，因为前句提到了目标是“灵活”的，后句提到了“也应该可测量”，那么中间这个空的句子应该也是指目标的特征，并且应该能跟前句的意思保持统一，因为后句的“也”意味着已经切换入另一个意思。综上所述，此空应该包含要点，第一是目标的复数，第二是“灵活”的近义词。各选项中只有E选项“他们能根据环境而改变”是符合这两个要求的。
答案
36.G
37.B
38.A
39.E
40.C
大家在留言区写下自己的答案吧！
2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷III）38题
In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important. 36 While I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can arise. Students should be able to extend the logic（逻辑）of each to their particular circumstance.
Do's
• 37 Questions about subject content are generally welcomed. Before asking questions about the course design, read the syllabus（教学大纲）and learning management system information to be sure the answer isn't hiding in plain sight.
• Participate in discussion forums（论坛）, blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue. 38 Be sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant information. Make a point, and make it safe for others to do the same.
Don'ts
• Don't share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor. 39
• Don't openly express annoyance at a professor or class. 40 When a student attacks a professor on the social media, the language used actually says more about the student. If there is truly a concern about a professor's professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly offer your comments.
A. That's what they are for.
B. Turn to an online instructor for help.
C. If more information is needed, they will ask.
D. Remember that online professors get a lot of emails.
E. Below are some common do's and don' ts for online learners.
F. Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another.
G. Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.
答案
36. E
37. G
38. A
39. C
40. F
㈧ 请问高考英语阅读理解的指代题怎么解答谢谢。
同学你好，我是来自新东方优能学习中心的老师钟雷。
指代类题型类回似于完形填空中填名词答的题目。这种题目的解答方法一般注意这几个字即可：就近承前指代。高考中出现的题目，答案一般在这个代词出现之前的一句话到两句话的文章中。只需要看这两句话中出现的名词中哪个最合适就可以了。做完后可以将名词代入代词的位置检验。
祝你取得好成绩！