学生英语阅读训练
㈠ 谈英语阅读教学中的阅读技能训练
谈英语阅读教学中的阅读技能训练 摘 要:英语阅读在英语教学中占有重要地位。提高学生的阅读能力是教学的重点。本文主要探讨如何培养学生的阅读技能，提高学生的阅读水平。
关键词:英语阅读 阅读技能 阅读理解
一、 快速阅读 培养科学的方法
快速阅读或称“速读”。它是将被阅读的文字以组或行、块为单位进行大小不一的整合是一种让我们能够从文字材料中迅速接收信息的阅读法。速读的要领是：要用眼睛读，不要用声音读；在阅读文章时，将所看到文字直接在大脑中唤起意识。阅读时要尽量摄入较大的文字信息量，每次眼停时不是感知一个字、一个词，而是要感知整句话或整段文字。
二、 抓住主题句 掌握段落中心思想
我们在阅读时要抓住主题句。因为英语段落的中心思想常用主题句表达。所谓主题句就是概括说明每一段落中心思想。因此，能迅速识别段落的主题句有助于读者很好地理解段落的中心思想。主题句常出现在段落的开头。如21世纪大学实用英语综合教程第一册Unit 1 A篇课文第三段：
At first , life was a bit difficult. I made mistakes in how I used my time. I spent too much time making friends. I also made some mistakes in how I chose my first friends in college.
第一句是主题句，说明一开始，并非一切顺利。后三句则 做了具体说明。在识别主题句时一定要识别哪个句子是概括性的，哪些句子表达的是细节。
有时主题句没有出现在段落的开头，这是就要注意概括段落中心思想句子是否在段落的结尾。例如这段：
I have always wondered how my parents were attracted to each other. Their personalities, temperaments, and attitudes toward money are all opposites. The saying that opposites attract certainly holds true for them.段落结尾的一句话概括了这一段的中心思想
三、 划分关键词 正确理解原文
一篇文章重复特别多的词，一定是表达主题必不可少的关键词，阅读时，注意词的重复有助于快速阅读和正确理解。但也不能忽视整个句子的含义,不然容易断章取义。
如：
To understand what makes branding so different from the rest of marketing; one must first understand what a Brand is. A Brand is not just an eye-catching logo(图标)nor does the name of a proct which is advertised frequently necessarily become a Brand. A Brand is an agreement with the customer. The mere mention of the brand’s name should arouse of expectations not only about the proct, its quality, and ease of use, etc., but about what the proct would do or would never do. A Brand can call numerous images to the mind.
单词brand 反复出现，就可以断定它就是关键词。这篇文章和品牌有关。
四、 通过信号词 了解文章发展思路
作者写文章时按一定的思路或顺序展开，领悟作者的思路有助于我们了解作者的.文章。英语中的信号词能帮助我们了解文章思路的发展，了解句子与句子、段落与段落之间的关系。表示递进关系的词：and,also, first ,second, next, besides,in addition, what is more 等。I’ll always remember you were there when you were needed.I also remember that even after I grew bigger than you, you weren’t afraid to remind me who was in charge.前一句表示一件事，后一句表示另一件事。表示转折关系的有：but, however, although, nevereless, otherwise 和yet.Not many kids know this, but a person can actually learn how to run faster.表示原因的词语有：because, since, as, because of, thanks to等，表示结果的词语有：so, consequently(因此，所以), thus, therefore, as a result等。 五、 通过上下文 猜生词
阅读中我们不可避免会遇到一些生词,如果我们能掌握一些根据上下文猜测词义的技能，无疑会有助于提高我们的阅读速度。例如，假定你不认识下面句子中knack这个词，也可以猜测它的含义：
Some people seem to have a knack for learning languages. They can pick up new vocabulary, master rules of grammar, and learn to write in the new language more quickly than others. (Text C, Unit 8, Book 1)
我们就可以猜到knack的大致意思：knack = natural skill or ability。
利用上下文中的同义词、反义词、上义词和下义词关系，或利用上下文中的举例、解释、描述、定义等猜测生词的词义。请看下面的例句：
I had been young, healthy, and smug. She had been old, sick, and desperate. Wishing with all my heart that I had acted like a human being rather than a robot, I was saddened to realize how fragile a hold we have on our better instincts. (Text B, Unit 2)
通过对比，你就能猜出smug的大致的词义：young — old, healthy — sick, smug — desperate(绝望的)。
你所掌握的构词法知识也能帮助你猜测生词的词义。
un-否定 dis-否定 in-否定 re-重复
六、 按时间顺序 预测作者的思路
作者往往会按故事发生的时间顺序来叙述，并把自己觉得重要的细节告诉读者。我们在阅读时就可以充分利用这一点来“预测”作者的发展思路。
大学英语阅读教学一直被认为是英语语言教学中最重要的组成部分。在教学实践中,教师应该及时纠正学生的不良阅读习惯,传授科学的阅读方法,培养学生的阅读技巧,使学生具备较强的英语阅读能力,从而能够运用英语交流和获取信息。
参考文献：
1.胡晖.《大学英语阅读探析》.河南财政税务高等专科学校学报.2010年第1期.
2.王剑锋.《报刊英语阅读教学方法实践与研究》.中国校外教育.2011年8期.
㈡ 初中英语阅读理解强化训练及答案
初中英语阅读理解强化训练及答案
英语阅读理解的主旨大意题，主要考查学生对文章主题或中心思想的领会和理解能力。下面是我整理的英语阅读理解题，欢迎大家阅读!
阅读理解【1】
If you get into the forest with your friends, stay with them always. If you don’t, you may get lost. If you really get lost, this is what you should do. Sit down and stay where you are. Don’t try to find your friends—let them find you by staying in one place.
There is another way to help your friends or other nearby people to find you. Give them a signal (信号) by shouting or whistling (吹口哨) three times. Any signal given three times is a call for help.
Keep up shouting or whistling always three times together. When people hear you, they will know that you are not just making noise for fun. They will let you know that they have heard your signal. They give you two shouts, two whistles, or two gun-shots (枪声). When someone gives you a signal, it is an answer to a call for help.
If you don’t think that you will get help before night comes, try to make a little house---cover up to the holes with branches (树枝) with lots of leaves. Make yourself a soft bed with leaves and grass.
What should you do if you get hungry or need drinking water? You would have to leave your little house to look for a river. Don’t just walk away. Pick off small branches and drop them as you walk so that you can find your way back. The most important thing to do when you are lost is—stay in one place.
1.If you lost in the forest, you should _______.
A.stay where you are and give signals three times
B.walk around the forest and shout so that your friends could hear you
C.try to find your friends as soon as possible
D.try to get out of the forest and shout for help
2.If you want to let people believe that you are not just making noise for fun, you should _______.
A. tell people that you are lost B. keep up shouting or whistling
C. shout at the top of your voice D. shout or whistle three times
3.When you hear two shouts, or whistles, or gunshots, __________.
A. you should shout more loudly B. you can whistle three times
C. it is an answer to your call for help D. you should try to run to them
4.When you want to leave your place to get drinking water, you should ________.
A.just go to the river
B. find some glasses or bottles before you go
C. make a fire so that you can have some tea
D. leave marks so that you can find your way back
5.This passage mainly tells you __________.
A.when you hear a signal always three times, it is a call for help
B.What you should do if you get lost in a forest
C.any signal given twice means an answer to a call for help
D.how you can live longer in a forest
如果一个人在森林中迷了路，他该怎么办呢?本文讲述了一个很重要的方法：原地不动，让别人来找你。为了让附近的人尽快发现你处于困境，你可以大喊三声或者吹三声口哨。在别人找到你之前，你还应当学会自我保护。比如怎样做饭或者搭建一张床等。
参考答案：
1.A “Sit down and stay where you are.”和“Give them a signal by shouting or whistling three times.”是解答本小题的关键句子。
2.D 该题的答案源自“Keep up shouting or whistling always three times together. When people hear you, they will know that you are not just making noise for fun.”一句中。
3.C “They give you two shouts, two whistles, or two gun-shots. When someone gives you a signal, it is an answer to a call for help.”是答案的出处。
4.D 根据“Don’t just walk away. Pick off small branches and drop them as you walk so that you can find your way back.”可知“当你离开原地去找水喝时，不要径直走开，要在路上留下标记，以便能找到回到原地方的路。”
5.B 由文章末句“The most important thing to do when you are lost is—stay in one place.”和开头的“…this is what you should do.”可不难得出答案。
阅读理解【2】
Last Friday a storm swept through two villages in the New Territories, destroying (摧毁) fourteen homes. Seven others were so badly damaged (破坏) that their owners had to leave them, and fifteen others had broken windows or broken roofs. One person was killed, several were badly hurt and taken to hospital, and a number of other people received smaller hurt. Altogether over two hundred people were homeless after the storm.
A farmer, Mr. Tan, said that the storm began early in the morning and lasted for over an hour.
“I was eating with my wife and children,” he said, “When we heard a loud noise. A few minutes later our house fell down on top of us. We tried our best to climb out but then I saw that one of my children was missing. I went back inside and found him, safe but very frightened.”
Mrs. Woo Mei Fong said that her husband had just left for work when she felt that her house was moving. She ran outside at once with her children.
“There was no time to take anything,” she said, “A few minutes later, the roof came down.”
Soldiers helped to take people out of the flooded (水淹的) area and the welfare department (福利机构) brought them food, clothes and shelter.
1.How many homes altogether (总共) were damaged in the storm?
A. Fourteen B. Twenty-one C. Twenty-nine D. Thirty-six
2.Where was Mr. Tan when the storm first began?
A. He was in bed. B. He was inside the house.
C. He was outside the house. D. He was on the roof.
3.Mrs. Woo and her family didn’t get hurt because _________.
A.her husband knew there would be a storm
B.they were all outside the house when the storm became worse
C.she felt the house was moving
D.the welfare department helped her
4.The underlined word “shelter” in this passage means ______.
A. something to eat B. something to wear
C. somewhere to study D. somewhere to stay
5.Which of he following may be the best title for this passage?
A. A Terrible Storm B. A Lucky Woman
C. Good Soldiers D. Clever People
短文大意是：一场暴风雨席卷了两个村庄。它不仅摧毁了房屋，也是造成了人员伤亡，还有二百多人无家可归。短文还写到了目击者回忆当时暴风雨到来时的情景。
参考答案：
1.D 根据第一段出现的三个数字14，7，15即可知D为正确答案。
2.B 根据“I was eating with my wife and children.”可排除A和D，由下文可知C也不合题意。
3.C 答案即在即在“…she felt that her house was moving.”中。
4.D 考虑全文意思及最末一段，可知暴风雨过后，房屋倒塌，人员伤亡。人们不仅需要食品、衣物，还需要住的地方。
5.A 这篇阅读材料主要描述了暴风雨袭击的过程。显然选项A是本文的'主旨。
阅读理解【3】
Is there anything more important than health? I don't think so. “Health is the greatest wealth (财富),” wise people say. You can't be good at your studies or work well when you are ill.
If you have a headache, toothache, backache, earache or bad pain in the stomach, if you complain of a bad cough, if you run a high temperature and have a bad cold, or if you suffer from high or low blood pressure (血压), I think you should go to the doctor.
The doctor will examine your throat, feel your pulse, test your blood pressure, take your temperature, sound your heart and lungs, test your eyes, check your teeth or have your chest X-rayed.
After that, he will advise some treatment, or some medicine. The only thing you have to do is to follow his advice.
Speaking about doctor’s advice, I can't help telling you a funny story.
An old gentleman came to see the doctor. The man was very ill. He told the doctor about his weakness, memory loss and serious problems with his heart and lungs. The doctor examined him and said there was no medicine for his disease.
He told his patient to go to a quiet place for a month and have a good rest. He also advised him to eat a lot of meat, drink two glasses of red wine every day and take long walks. In other words, the doctor advised him to follow the rule: “Eat at pleasure, drink with measure and enjoy life as it is.” The doctor also said that if the man wanted to be well again, he shouldn't smoke more than one cigarette a day.
A month later the gentleman came into the doctor’s office. He looked much more cheerful and much happier. He thanked the doctor and said that he had never felt a healthier man.
“But you know, doctor,” the man went on saying, “it's not easy to begin smoking at my age.”
1.The writer thinks that.
A. health is more important than wealth B. work is as important as studies
C. medicine is more important than pleasure D. nothing is more important than money
2.The doctor usually tells his patient what to do.
A. without examining the patient B. after he has examined the patient
C. if the patient doesn't take medicine D. unless the patient feels pain
3.The underlined part means “”.
A. he was feeling better than ever B. he wasn't a healthy man
C. he was feeling worse than before D. he will be well again
4.From the last sentence of the passage, we learn the man before the doctor told him not to smoke more than one cigarette a day.
A. was a heavy smoker B. didn't smoke so much
C. didn't smoke D. began to learn to smoke
5.Which of the following is NOT TRUE?
A. The doctor usually tests his/her blood pressure when a person is ill.
B. The man told the doctor he couldn't remember things.
C. The man thanked the doctor.
D. The man didn't follow the doctor’s advice
短文作者从“健康是最大的财富”这句话谈起。没有一个好的身体，学习和工作就没有保证。如果你感到不舒服时，就应当去看医生，医生会仔细给你做检查，然后就建议你吃点药。作者在短文最后还讲了一个医生给病人建议时发生的一个幽默故事。
参考答案：
1.A 文章首句即点明主旨，意即“健康比财富更重要”。
2.B “After that, he will advise some treatment, or some medicine.”是该题答案的出处。
3.A 短文倒数第二段是本小题答案的出处。
4.C 由文章最末一句可知这位绅士是说“象我这样年龄的人开始学吸烟真是不容易”，由 “The doctor also said that if the man wanted to be well again, he shouldn't smoke more than one cigarette a day.”可联想到医生误认为他抽烟过多，而建议他每天抽烟不超过一支。答案不攻自破。
5.D 根据上一个小题及这位绅士第二次来看大夫的精神状态，可知他听从了医生的建议。
;㈢ 初中英语阅读训练的六种方法
阅读理解得高分难？除了有正确的解题方法和技巧外，还需要避免丢掉不该丢的分数。本文特意为大家收集整理了初中英语阅读训练的六种方法，希望大家喜欢！
1.讲究阅读方法
(1)依据主题句定短文的中心：任意一篇文章通常是围绕一个中心展开并且由段落组成的；段落之间有着内在的紧密联系，而表达段落主题的句子叫主题句，通常置于段落的开头，有时在段落末尾和中间；其它的句子是用来说明和阐述主题句的；若把一个个主题句加以整理，你能悟出其中心思想，同时还可以回避、排除个别生词、难句所带来的干扰，但也有一些文章的中心思想常贯穿在全文中，因而要综观全文，对全文有一个透彻的理解才行。
如：
My friend Matt and I arrived at the Activity Centre on Friday evening. The accommodation wasn’t wonderful, but we had everything we needed (beds, blankets, food ), and we were pleased to be out of the city and in the fresh air.
On Saturday morning we met the other ten members of our group. Cameron had come along with two friends, Kevin and Simon, while sisters Carole and Lynn had come with Amanda. There were some other members I didn’t know. We had come from different places and none of us knew the area.
We knew we were going to spend the weekend outdoors, but none of us was sure exactly how. Half of us spent the morning caving while the others went rock-climbing and then we changed at lunchtime. Matt and I went to the caves (岩洞) first. Climbing out was harder than going in, but after a good deal of pushing, we were out at last. Though we were covered with mud, we were pleased and excited by what we’d done.
This passage mainly talks about ______________.
A. the writer’s friends at the Activity Center
B. the writer’s experience at the Activity Center
C. outdoor sports at the Activity Center
D. how to go rock-climbing and caving
[参考答案B] 上述这段短文的中心是说明“the writer’s experience at the Activity Center”。作者以及作者的朋友，还有组上的其他一些成员一起在活动中心度周末的一些活动以及感受。
(2)掌握具体事实和重要细节：阅读文章时，要求学生养成辨认和记忆具体事实、重要细节的习惯。因为具体事实、重要细节是主题句的扩展、补充、说明或例证，是用来支持和说明中心思想的，而且是阅读理解测试的重要组成部分。
如：If someone asks me: “Do you like music?” I’m sure I will answer him or her: “Of course, I do.” because I think music is an important part of our lives.
Different people have different ideas about music. For me, I like rock music because it’s so exciting. And my favorite rock band, the “Foxy Ladies” (酷妹) is one of the most famous rock bands in the world. I also like pop music. My classmate LiLan loves dance music, because she enjoys dancing. My best friend, Jane, likes jazz music (爵士乐). She thinks jazz is really cool.
“I like dance music and rock very much.” says my brother, “because they are amazing.”
But my mother thinks rock is boring. “I like some relaxing (轻松的) music,” she says. That’s why she likes country music, I think.
①The writer likes music because he thinks ____________.
A. it’s an exciting part of our lives
B. it’s an amazing part of our lives
C. it’s an important part of our lives
②What kind of music does the writer like?
A. Rock and pop music. B. Rock and dance music. C. Jazz and country music.
③Who likes dancing?
A. The writer. B. Li Lan. C. Jane.
④The writer’s mother thinks that country music is __________.
A. amazing B. boring C. relaxing
⑤ How many people’s ideas about music are talked about in this passage (短文)?
A. 4. B. 5. C. 6.
这是几道重要事实和细节的辨认题，全是围绕短文的主题句“Different people have different ideas about music”来展开说明的，起补充举例作用。答案分别为:① C ② A ③ B ④ C ⑤ B。
(3)运用构词法、语境线索等帮助来推测关键词义：在阅读文章的过程中，常常会遇到一些生词，如果不懂得这些词义就会妨碍理解，但大部分生词的词义是可以根据上下文，结合构词法、借助文章中的语境线索帮助在理解基础上猜测其词义，这有助于加快阅读速度，提高阅读理解能力。如：
Water is all around us. Water is in the ocean. Water is in the lakes and rivers. Water is in the air. There is more water than land on the earth. All living things must have it. We must have it, too. We cannot live without drinking water. Sometimes, we do not have all the water that we need. The land will dry up without water. Sometimes, there can be too much water in the land. If it rains very, very hard, the rain water will run down the hill. It takes some of the land with it when it runs down the hills. It is called erosion when the water takes the land away.
“Erosion” in the passage means ____________.
A. 地震 B. 雪崩 C. 侵蚀 D. 霜冻
根据前面的语句If it rains very, very hard, the rain water will run down the hills. It takes some of the land with it when it runs down the hills.解释可以推知erosion是一种自然地理现象，即“侵蚀”，答案为C。
2.训练阅读速度
在阅读中，我们或多或少会碰到一些生词和不熟悉的短语，这些生词和短语会妨碍我们对文章中心的理解，但我们总是查阅词典也会影响阅读的速度。为了不查词典又能破解生词词义，并理解好文章的中心，要求考生根据构词法判断词义。如：This material is unreadable.中unreadable是生词。学生可以根据词根 read ，知道 un和 able分别为前缀和后缀，那么 unreadable的意义就不难猜测了；还可以培养学生根据生词与上下文的关系来猜测其意义。生词所在的句子、段落会提供很多的暗示和线索，依据这些暗示和线索就可以理解生词的词义了。如：同义词反义词线索；解释性线索；例证性线索；标点符号线索等。如：
A. The herdsman, who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year.
定语从句中的 looks after sheep 就解释了 herdsman的词义为“牧人”。
B. Like her younger sister who is gregarious, Alice also likes to make friends.句首的 like（像）这个语境线索说明：句中的gregarious与 likes to make friends意义相近。
通过这些方式可以帮助学生加快阅读速度，进一步提高阅读正确率。
3. 改进阅读方式
（1）预测：培养学生依据文章标题（副标题）、插图以及相关的.背景知识和社会生活经验，对文章的大致内容预测以及可能涉及到的词汇，然后阅读文章的第一段，并对自己的预测进行验证、纠正，同时抓住主题句、关键词，从而更好地从整体上去理解和把握文章的中心。
（2）略读：指导学生快速浏览全文，领会文章大意，辨析文体，掌握篇章结构，进而抓住文章的中心。
（3）查读：指导学生在浏览全文的基础上进行查读，以回答个别事实细节性的问题。有些细节性的问题不能直接在短文中找到答案，必须进行必要的综合、归纳、转换才能获得，也就是要在直接可获得的事实和细节的基础上经过综合、归纳、转换间接地获得所需要的事实和细节。它通常涉及数据、时间、人称、代词的指代、动作的行为的关联、动作行为者与承受者、地点和空间、表态方式、因果、条件、内涵与外延等。如：
One day Mrs Wison went shopping with Tracy and Ben. They went to the supermarket in the new shopping center.
“Why do you buy things here?” Tracy wanted to know. “Because they are cheaper here than at the corner store near our home,” Mrs. Wilson said. “Help me check the prices, please.”
The Wilsons were not rich and Mrs. Wilson was always careful with her money. She looked carefully at the prices of things. She bought lots of things in the supermarket. When they got home, the children said, “We don’t think you saved money by going to the supermarket.” “Of course I did,” Mrs. Wilson said “Everything was cheaper there.”
“We know,” the children said, “but we came home by taxi because we had too much to carry. The taxi fare was more than the money that you saved !”
Mrs Wilson added everything up. Her children were right.
“Well done,” she said. “Next time we’ll do the shopping nearby.”
①The things at the corner store were ____ than those in the supermarket.
A. cheaper B. nicer C. more expensive D. Better
② Mrs. Wilson _________ in the end.
A. spent more money B. paid less money
C. lost some money D. saved a little money
这两个问题都是细节性问题，但又不能直接从文章中得出答案，要经过分析和计算间接地获得事实细节。①选C。由 Mrs. Wilson 的话“Because they are cheaper here than at the corner store near our home. ”分析可知the things at the corner store were more expensive.②选A。 Mrs. Wilson 在超级市场买的东西是便宜的，但返回时由于东西多结果打的士回家将打的士的费用摊进去就高于节省的费用了，因此可以知道：Mrs. Wilson spent more money in the end.
4. 扩大英语阅读量
目前初中英语教科书所提供的阅读量较以前有较大幅度的增加，在题材、体裁的选取，功能与话题的设计方面均注意到多样化和广泛性；内容贴近学生实际，教师可以立足教材阅读材料指导和训练学生阅读方法与技巧，教学语言知识和指导学生掌握句法、语法，扩大词汇量，培养阅读兴趣，帮助学生奠定一定的英语阅读能力。但教材中的阅读量离大纲和课标要求的阅读量远远不够。课标五级阅读要求规定：除教材外，课外阅读量应 达到15万字以上。因此教师要督促学生精读泛读结合，通过广泛的阅读不仅有利于学生扩大词汇量，丰富语言知识、开阔视野，开拓思路，还有利于了解英美等国的文化背景、生活风俗、思维习惯及英语特有的语言表达方式，从而提高阅读理解能力。
泛读时，要求学生对阅读材料中的各种语言现象不作全面精细认真的分析，而是根据已掌握的语言知识尽快地获取所需要的信息。
5. 强化阅读训练
(1) 指定阅读范围：教师按学生的英语水平将其分成不同的组别，选择与之相适应的英语读物（配有一定量的问题），分别规定阅读的范围，要求他们课外自行安排时间，带着问题快速阅读，并规定一个较宽松的期限进行检查。
(2) 进行阅读指导：对学生阅读过程中遇到的疑难，教师要及时答疑辅导，以帮助学生顺利阅读。但要注意从学法上多加以指导，帮助和引导他们自行分析和解决问题。
(3) 检查阅读效果：到了规定的阅读期限教师可以通过口头练习和笔试结合的方式分组检查学生阅读任务完成的情况。口头练习以学生回答有关问题、讲述阅读文章的心得为主；笔试检查要求学生完成正误判断题，选择题，填空题等。
(4) 展示阅读效果：利用英语课外活动，通过开展书评、辩论会、演讲会等活动来展示不同组学生课外泛读的成果。分A、B组评论读物；讨论读物的人物特征、主要情节等，让学生在宽松的氛围中各抒己见，互相交流，从而促进学生阅读时积极思考，认真阅读，同时加深对读物的理解，培养表达能力。
6. 加强评估指导
通过评估测试可以检测学生阅读理解实际能力与水平，可以摸清学生的强项与不足，从而为进一步培养学生阅读能力提供依据。教师要充分发挥阅读测试的指挥棒作用。阅读测试文章选材要广泛多样，篇幅要恰当，难易要适中，从而确保阅读测试的信度和效度；在题型设计上做到主观性题型和客观性题型兼顾，并针对学生平时阅读中反映出来的重点、难点与疑点，避免题型过于单一以及偏题、怪题现象，更不能片面追求试题难度。客观性测试题要能通过阅读文章直接找到答案；主观性测试题要能在阅读短文后通过上下文，运用联想、比较、归纳、分析判断文章的隐含意义。测试后要认真进行分析和总结，做到发现问题及时解决，以便进一步提高。
㈣ 英语阅读训练方法
英语阅读训练方法
阅读理解能力是衡量外语水平的重要标志之一，对绝大多数学生来说，阅读理解，也是他们将来直接运用外语能力的一个最重要的方面。下面是我整理的关于英语阅读理解的训练的方法，欢迎大家阅读了解!
一、阅读理解的目的
近年来，短文阅读理解是分值最高的一道大题，为什么这种题的分值这么高?其训练的目的又是什么呢?通过十年的教学体会，我们总结归纳为以下两点：
1.提高学生对书面外语的阅读能力：即懂得按照不同的阅读目的，采用不同的阅读方法，进而提高阅读的速度。
2.提高学生对书面外语的理解能力：即获取具体信息的能力，对阅读材料进行分析、推理与判断的能力以及对阅读内容进行评价的能力。分析、推理与判断的能力以及对阅读内容进行评价的能力。
阅读的目的是理解，阅读能力直接为理解服务。理解能力是阅读能力的演化。这就是阅读与理解的辨证关系。在实际教学中教师应处理好这一关系。
二、阅读理解考查的重点
阅读理解题，有议论文、记叙文、说明文、应用文、对话等等，涉及社会教育、风俗文化、史地知识、科技、政治、经济、日常生活、传记、人物等诸多方面。这种试题题型一般包括一些信息题、是非题和推理、演算题等等。其测试的重点不外乎有以下几点：
1.字面理解试题(literal comprehension)
这是一种最简单的试题，其特点是答案明确具体，一般从阅读材料中可以直接找到答案。如辨认文章中事件发生的时间、顺序，人物的外貌、特征，它们与事件的因果关系。
2.推断理解试题(inferential comprehension)
这种题要求学生根据文章结构，掌握所读材料的主旨、大意以及说明主旨和大意的事实和细节。既要理解具体的事实，也要理解抽象的概念;既要理解字面意思，也要理解深层含义，或弦外之音，分析作者提出的观点、态度，进而从字里行间推测作者没有说明的意图、含蓄的内容，从中悟出作者的目的。
3.综合评价试题(evaluation)
这是阅读理解中最高的一个层次。它要求学生能凭着他们应有的常识、价值观，充分运用阅读材料以及自己的阅读经验对阅读内容做出自己的分析与评价。
三、阅读理解的答题方法及步骤
阅读理解不存在语法问题。答题时只能根据文章意思进行判断。在一般情况下，阅读理解题可以采用以下两种方法：
(1)先通读全文再答题。
(2)先看题目及四个选项再读全文。
无论我们采用那种方法，在阅读中，要善于抓住文章的关键词或句。千万不要纠缠文章中的某些细节而影响掌握全文大意。要紧紧围绕五个Wh-questions，即when, where, what, who, how来解决某些特定的问题，迅速地查找需要了解的信息。因此，做题时我们一般应采取的步骤是：
(1)认真仔细地阅读文章，掌握文章的中心思想、主要内容以及与之有关的细节。
(2)对文章后的题目，要逐项进行分析比较，排除非正确项，从文章的本意中寻找答案，要忠实于原文，而不是以自己的主观想象为根据，想当然地进行判断、选择。
(3)确定你所选的正确答案的内容能落实到文章中的某一个或几个具体的句子。也可以利用排除法(否定法)，最后确定一个正确答案。
(4)在做科普、史地知识短文(客观真理性文章)时，可以联系平时学到的知识进行选择判断。这也是阅读理解能力测试的主要要求。
四、阅读中存在的问题
学生在阅读时主要存在以下几方面的问题：
1.逐字逐句地阅读。用手指着单词一字一字，一行一行地读。这既减慢了阅读的速度，又会使你不能准确地理解全文而只停留在某个单词、短语或句子上，使你所获得的信息支离破碎，最终导致理解上的偏差。
2.左右摆头。
3.小声朗读或在心里默读。
4.过分重视细节，忽略对文章整体理解。即人们所说的"只见树木，不见森林"。
5.缺乏自信，过分依赖字典。
五、如何培养和提高学生的阅读理解能力
我们知道了阅读理解的目的、考查的重点、答题的`方法及步骤，也了解了我们存在的问题，那么在今后的教学过程中我们应该如何注意培养和提高学生们的阅读理解能力呢?
1.选择阅读方法。教师要注意教会学生按照题目的要求及目的选择使用不同的阅读方法。
(1)详读(seanning)：通过详读能寻找到某种具体的资料和信息，并对材料从表层到深层进行层层理解。
(2)阅读(skimming)：其目的只是为了获取、知道文章的内容大意，例如，simple stories for enjoyment, news, letters from friends, news from the local paper.因为这些内容对你的阅读理解文章无大妨碍，而且简单，清晰明了，故只需略读即可。
2.要树立自信心。不要一遇到生词就退缩，就查字典，要学会充分利用上下文，上下句来推断出该词的意思。也可以利用构词法(合成、转化和派生)来猜测。请看下面例子：
All through the night Lincoln fought with death. At 7:22 in the morning it was all over. The great man was at peace with world.划线这个短语同学们可能没见过，但是沿着事态发展的逻辑推理，自然会得出是"与世长辞"这一结论。
3.抓住核心词。上面的做法可以帮助我们扫除生词的障碍，在理解过程中起了一个"桥梁"的作用，这是非常重要的。因此，我们还要学会抓住核心词。要知道人们在表达思想的过程中，由于修辞学上或其他方面的需要，往往使用了一些作用不大的修饰词语。因此，要想准确、明了地理解文章，我们则要把着眼点放在核心词上，放在理解句子内部结构的关系上。
Would you like to do some shopping together with me? If you are free, please ring me back to t ell me about it.从上面这个句子不难看出划线部分就是这段话的核心词。
4.抓住主题句。在多数文章中，开篇的首句或前几句就揭示了文章的主题，而每一段的首句或未句就为该段的主题句或核心句。这样的例子在教材中还有很多，有经验的教师在教学中都是能教会学生这一本领的。
5.适当进行强化训练。学生每英语课外，绝少有机会接触和使用英语。尤其是理科的学生，他们又不十分重视英语这一学科的学习。因此有必要进行强化练习。我们的做法是："每天五分钟，天天跟我学。"我们利用每天上课的前5分钟对学生进行阅读强化训练。每次一篇，后附几个问题，做完后统一给出正确答案，解决疑难问题，不留后遗症。限时阅读的好处有以下几点：
第一，语言学习必须提高复现率，持之以恒，才能进步与提高。
第二，有利于培养学生集中注意力。
第三，教师可随时纠正错误的阅读习惯，利于良好习惯的养成。
第四，利于教师有计划、有目的、循序渐进地进行教学。
6.激发兴趣，学会"觅食"。通过阅读，学生学到许多课本上没有的知识，这不仅扩大了他们的视野和知识面，更激发了他们阅读的积极性和求知欲。为了保持学生的积极性我们把课堂延伸到课外，学生由"要我读"，变成"我要读"。教师引导他们读一些简易报刊、畅销书等。
另外，我们还定期举办"新闻发布会"，让学生把他们课外读到的有兴趣、有意义的"精华"讲出来，与大家共欣赏，共分享。同学们在阅读中尝到了喜悦，体验到了成功，学生们非常高兴。难怪有人说：“课外阅读是教师最得力的助手。"这话确实不假。
7.通过大量的实践练习，我们在做阅读理解文章时，主要要求学生从以下几个方面进行思考：
A.文章的篇章结构方面：
a. The main idea is…
b. The passage mainly tells us…
c. Form this story you may tell…
d. From this passage we can say…
e. According to the text, we may conclude…
f. What do you think about…
g. Choose the right order of…
h. The story doesn't say so, but it makes you think that…
i. It's inferred that…
B.文章的题目：
a. The best topic/title for this passage should be…
b. What's the best topic/title for this passage?
c. A good topic/title for this passage is…
d. Reading the headlines people can know…
C.文章的单词、短语、句子释意：
a. Which of the following statement is(not)right/wrong?
b."…"sentence、word、phrase、title in the passage means…
;㈤ 初中英语阅读理解训练及参考答案
初中英语阅读理解训练及参考答案
“阅读理解”是考查学生综合运用语言能力的重点题型，同时阅读理解的题量大并且分值比例相当高大致占总分值的30%~40%。想要英语有大的提升，那么首先需要提升的就是阅读理解。为了帮助大家，我整理了一些初中英语阅读理解题以供大家训练，希望能帮到大家!
阅读理解【1】
Happiness is for everyone. You don’t need to care about those people who have beautiful houses with large gardens and swimming pools or those who have nice cars and a lot of money and so on. Why? Because those who have big houses may often feel lonely and those who have cars may want to walk on the country roads at their free time. In fact, happiness is always around you if you put your heart into it. When you are in trouble at school, your friends will help you; when you study hard at your lessons, your parents are always taking good care of your life and your health; when you get success, your friends will say congratulations to you; when you do something wrong, people around you will help you to correct it. And when you do something good to others, you will feel happy, too. All these are your happiness. If you notice a bit of them, you can see that happiness is always around you.
Happiness is not the same as money. It is a feeling of your heart. When you are poor, you can also you are very happy, because you have something else that can’t be bought with money. When you meet with difficulties, you can say loudly you are very happy, because you have more chances to challenge yourself. So you cannot always say you are poor and poor and you have bad luck. As the saying goes, life is like a revolving(旋转的)door. When it does, it also opens. If you take every chance you get, you can be a happy and lucky person.
1. Those who have big houses may often feel ________.
A. happy B. lonely C. free D. excited
2. When you fall down in a PE class, both your teacher and your classmates will ________.
A. laugh at you B. play jokes on you
C. quarrel with you D. help you up
3. What will your friends say to you when you make great progress?
A. Oh, so do I. B. Congratulations.
C. Good luck. D. It’s just so-so.
4. Which idea is NOT RIGHT according to the passage?
A. People who have cars would never like to walk in the open air.
B. You can get help from others when you make mistakes.
C. You can still be a happy person even if you have little money.
D. Happiness is always around you though difficulties come towards you.
5. Which of the following is this passage about?
A. Bad luck. B. Good luck. C. Happiness. D. Life.
1. B。这是一个考查细节和事实的.题目。文章中有明确的叙述：Because those who have big houses may often feel lonely…. 所问问题和原文的叙述完全一样。
2. D。这也是一个考查细节和事实的题目。在所给文章中可以找到这样地叙述：When you are in trouble at school, your friends will help you. 根据这一叙述，我们可以判断：当你在体育课上摔倒时，你的老师和同学们肯定会帮你站起来的。
3. B。这一道阅读理解题同样是考查事实和细节的题目。在阅读文章里我们也能找到关于这问题的叙述：when you get success, your friends will say congratulations to you.
4. A。这是一道判断题目。阅读文章里明确叙述：those who have cars may want to walk on the country roads at their free time.阅读理解题的A项说，有车的人永远不愿在室外走，与文章所讲完全不同，因此是不对的。
5. C。这是一道考查文章主题的题目。这篇文章共有三段。 第一段的主题句是：Happiness is for everyone. 第二段的主题句是：In fact, happiness is always around you if you put your heart into it. 第三段的主题句是：Happiness is not the same as money. 三段的主题都是围绕happiness展开的，所以正确答案是happiness。
阅读理解【2】
A couple from Miami, Bill and Simone Butler, spent sixty-six days in a life-raft(救生艇) in the seas of Central America after their boat sank.
Twenty-one days after they left Panama in their boat, Simony, they met some whales(鲸鱼). “They started to hit the side of the boat,” said Bill, “and then suddenly we heard water.” Two minutes later, the boat was sinking. They jumped into the life-raft and watched the boat go under the water.
For twenty days they had tins of food, biscuits, and bottles of water. They also had a fishing-line and a machine to make salt water into drinking water — two things which saved their lives. They caught eight to ten fish a day and ate them raw(生的). Then the line broke. “So we had no more fish until something very strange happened. Some sharks(鲨鱼) came to feed, and the fish under the raft were afraid and came to the surface. I caught them with my hands.”
About twenty ships passed them, but no one saw them. After fifty days at sea their life-raft was beginning to break up. Then suddenly it was all over. A fishing boat saw them and picked them up. They couldn’t stand up.
So the captain carried them onto his boat and took them to Costa Rica. Their two months at sea was over.
1. Bill and Simone were traveling _______ when they met some whales.
A. in a life-raft B. in Miami
C. in Simony D. in Panama
2. The whales hit the side of the boat, and then _______.
A. they brought in a lot of water
B. they broke the side of the boat
C. they pulled the boat
D. they went under the water
3. After their boat sank, the couple _______.
A. jumped into the life-raft
B. heard water
C. watched the boat go under water
D. stayed in the life-raft
4. During their days at sea, _______ saved their lives.
A. tins of food and bottles of water
B. a fishing-line and a machine
C. whales and sharks
D. Twenty passing ships
5. When they saw the fishing boat which later picked them up, _______.
A. they were too excited to stand up
B. they couldn’t wait to climb onto the boat
C. their life-raft was beginning to break up
D. they knew their two months at sea would be over
【答案与解析】这是一篇关于一对夫妇如何遇到海难，然后在海上的救生艇上生活了66天后获救的小故事。
1. C。在第二自然段的第1句就告诉我们they left Panama, Simony, they met some whales 说他们是在Simony 旅游时遇见Whales.
2. B。我们从第二自然段得知They started to hit the side of the boat,也就是说是the whales broke the side of the boat。
3. D。在他们的船沉没之后，the couple是一直待在船上直至获救的，而不是一直都在jumped into the life-raft。
4. B。根据第3段的第2句They also had a fishing-line and a machine to make salt water into drinking water-two things which saved their lives可知：a fishing-line 和 a machine救了他们的命。
5. D。由最后一段After fifty days at sea...我们知道：the couple是太虚弱所以不能站起来，是由船长carried them onto his boat, 而救生艇早在出事后的50天就坏掉了，而不是获救当天坏的，所以A、B、C都可以排除，D项为正确选项。
阅读理解【3】
Big Ben is not the name of a man. It is the name of a huge(庞大的)clock in London. London is the capital of England. This clock has four faces. So，no matter where you stand，you can read the time on the face of Big Ben. Each face is the size of a double decker(层)bus. The hands are about four metres long. It is about the size of two people standing on top of each other. If you go to London，you may want to visit the Houses of Parliament(国会大厦). There you will find Big Ben sits at the top of the clock tower(塔)in the Houses of Parliament. Maybe you will hear it as well as see it. The huge clock makes such a loud noise. "Ding dong，ding dong，"it goes every quarter of an hour.
The clock was named after a big man. He was Sir Benjamin Hall. This man did much building work in London many years ago.
1. Big Ben is ______________.
A. a double decker bus B. a huge clock
C. the name of Ben D. a building
2. The clock strikes every _______ of an hour.
A. ten minutes B. fifteen minutes
C. thirty minutes D. forty-five minutes
3. You can read the time of Big Ben _________.
A. at the top of the clock tower
B. in the Houses of parliament
C. on the hands of the huge clock
D. on the four faces of the clock
答案及解析：
1.选B，根据第一行Big Ben is not the name of a man. It is the name of a huge(庞大的)clock in London.可以判断Big Ben是一个大钟的名字。
2.选B，根据文中"Ding dong，ding dong，" it goes every quarter of an hour. 即可得知大钟每15分钟敲一次。
3.选D，This clock has four faces. So，no matter where you stand，you can read the time on the face of Big Ben.其他三项均不符合题意。
;㈥ 英语阅读能力平时怎么训练
一、词汇基础上深化语法
首先，还是要再提到词汇复习。因为想在阅读上有稳步提高，前提条件就是要有一定牢固的词汇量。其实，我们统计之后发现，除去中学词汇和考试大纲词汇表中从来没有被考查过的词汇后，考研词汇就剩下了近两千个常考高频词了。所以，考研英语阅读理解晋级的关键不在那些大家都认识的词汇，而是要熟练掌握这两千来个高频词汇。
此外，除了词汇还要把语法加以深入学习。根据历年考研英语试卷规律，考研中密集考查的语法固定的有6种：定语从句、状语从句、定语后置、插入语、分词结构和并列句。这6种语法表面上看很是简单，其实不然，大家需要把这6个问题深入研究，吃透了才行。考研考生们应该结合语句进行训练，在训练中深度掌握语法规律，这对于翻译阅读中的长难句很有帮助。
二、加强阅读训练计划
在这个阶段，建议广大考生要适当的加强阅读训练计划，也就是要找来一定数量的文章进行阅读，提高阅读的强度。但是要注意，找"阅读"是有一定的讲究的，不能盲目的阅读，同学们应该在完成上面的词汇和语法之后再进行这个阶段。
那么，应该搜集哪些文章进行训练呢?最好的就是试题了，因为历年试题的阅读文章不但出处相同，而且语言风格和难度是一致的，所以读这样的文章是最接近明年考研试题的，当我们习惯了这样的语言风格和难度系数，到考场上的发挥自然就流畅了。所以说，阅读文章不仅要练，还要把握好难度。
三、着手翻译长难句练习
因为考研英语试题中的阅读文章有一些是含有长难句的，比较难理解，所以我们再谈一谈翻译长难句的问题，这也是同学们在日常复习中经常遇到的问题。在本阶段复习中，考生可以尝试翻译历年试题中阅读理解文章，这样即练习了翻译而且还准确的精读了试题文章，这个精读的过程是所有想在考试中取得高分的人必须经过的。也许前期比较痛苦，但是可以肯定的是翻译完20篇后你会感觉所有的考研文章就像是你平时看中文那样的简单了。因为翻译的过程就是分解句子的过程，当你习惯了这样的思维方式的时候，看到任何句子就会潜意识的去分析它，久而久之，看长难句就容易了，做阅读理解试题也就没那么难了。当然，这个过程是需要时间的沉淀的，不可操之过急。另外，你也可以把历年试题中，完形填空拿过来进行翻译训练，它们都是很好的阅读翻译资料。
在这里我们在单独提一下，试题的作用除了训练各部分解题能力以外，更重要一点是专项剖析各种题型解题思路。最好的方法是把过去的试题(至少10年)进行分类，把历年的阅读放在一起组成阅读专题，完型也放在一起组成完型专题，写作、翻译等也是一样的做法。然后一个专题一个专题的研究，从中寻觅命题者的命题思路，再从命题者的思路中去寻找化解的思路。最后，再让各种题型的规律特点的经验总结，结合大量的习题训练，做到熟能生巧的程度。在这个过程中，无论是阅读能力还是其他考查部分的做题套路，你都会有所长进。
㈦ 英语阅读理解怎么训练才能更好地提高能力
同学们，词抄汇量是一切的基础呀，老袭老实实背单词去吧。句子的分析离不开语法，语法不好的话还是系统的去学习一下，学英语软件推荐阿西吧外教网，这家机构的人气还是比较高的，用户也很多，外教一对一授课还不到20元一节课，性价比非常高。阿西吧外教培训，发音地道标准，全都持有tesol证，可在官网查询，而且是一对一的教学模式，上课互动很多：【点击领取免费试听课程】咱们家的外教100%有证，纯正老师教你正确学英语。
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㈧ 提高学生英语阅读理解能力的有效方法
对于很多学生而言，提高英语阅读理解能力非常重要。那么如何提高学生英语阅读理解能力呢?下面是我为你整理的提高学生英语阅读理解能力的有效方法，希望大家喜欢!
提高学生英语阅读理解能力的方法
一、激发学生的阅读兴趣
俗话说：兴趣是最好的老师，只有引起学生浓厚的兴趣，才能取得良好的学习效果。如何根据学生的年龄特点和英语的学科特点来激发学生的兴趣，是每位英语教师都很关心的问题。在具体工作中，首先要充分熟悉教材，准确把握其理念和特点，做到驾驭自如，并认真分析学生的心理需求，明确其兴趣所在，从而巧妙设计难度适宜的阅读辅助题目，结合艺术的讲解，不断满足学生的求知欲，由浅入深，使学生对英语阅读的内容、形式产生兴趣并长期保持。这样，提高学生的阅读能力便有了前提和保证。当然，阅读是以识字为基础的，积极背单词，拥有一定的词汇量才能使阅读成为可能。
二、扩大词汇量
词汇量的大小直接影响学生的理解和阅读速度。扩大词汇量是提高阅读能力的重要前提。所以，对于每个英语学习者，都要熟练掌握一定量的词，才能更好地进行阅读。词汇量的获得，首先是课本上的必须掌握。在记单词时，不要单独记生词，那样很容易忘，最好把它放在句子或文章中一起记忆。把单词同整句话一起记，不仅记住了单词的意思，也记住了它的用法。其次，广泛阅读是扩大词汇量的一种非常有效的手段。在泛读时，不要求对内容完全掌握，能看懂，能接受信息，进行简单总结，能就所读内容进行问答即可。广泛阅读可以是老师向学生指定阅读材料，然后统一检查、提问。也可以是学生自己阅读，老师不可以撒手不管、放任自流，在读物选择方面，老师应给予指导，做到有布置、有指导、有检查。可以让学生们通过比赛看书的多少、难易程度、词汇量的大小来激发读书的乐趣。
三、引导学生养成良好的阅读习惯，加快阅读速度
所谓习惯，就是一个人行为方式的自动化，是不需要思考和意志努力的行为方式。一个好的习惯养成后，能使人终身受益。习惯不是天生的，帮助学生养成良好的学习习惯，是教师教育教学能力的体现。英语教师应引导、督促学生养成阅读习惯。
(一)养成默读习惯。有的学生阅读时，习惯发出声来读或心里默念，甚至用笔或手指一个词一个词地指着念，这些阅读方式会大大降低阅读速度。因此，教师应指导学生把注意力集中在文字符号上，形成默读的习惯，以提高阅读速度。
(二)扩大视幅，减少回视。有些学生习惯于来回数次往返阅读，或是一眼看一个单词，这样逐词阅读不仅速度慢，而且很难一下抓住全句意思，因为在一个句子中，一个词往往不能独立地表达一个具体的意思，如果逐词读，那看过之后脑子里留下的只有零散的单词，不能很好地理解文章，进而影响阅读速度。而以意群为单位阅读，不仅速度快，且能很快抓住全句的意思，因此教师应该训练学生整句或成组视读。
(三)阅读时遇到生词时，要做到尽量少查词典或是不查。有些学生在阅读过程中，一遇到生词时便查字典，这样会影响阅读的速度和理解，因为人的瞬时记忆是很短暂的，查完生词再往下看，会影响文章内容的连贯性，甚至忘记前面的内容。教师应该鼓励学生在遇到生词时，利用上下文、构词法等来猜测、判断它的词义。
(四)限定阅读时间。为提高阅读速度，在规定时间内要求学生有效地获取信息，加快阅读节奏，从而为高考在规定时间内高质量地完成限定内容奠定良好的基础。
四、重视阅读技能的培养
读书需要多种能力，需要语言能力、记忆能力、语言技能、理解能力及阅读技能。阅读能力也是阅读方法。阅读目的不同，需要不同的方法;阅读材料不同，需要不同的方法;不同类的书需要不同的方法。掌握一定的技能之后，还要多练，做到熟能生巧，真正提高阅读能力。
英语阅读技能
(一)寻找主题句
每篇文章都是一个有机的整体，一个段落只有一个主题思想，每个段落都有一个句子表达这个段落的主题思想，这个句子叫做主题句。大多数主题句出现在段首，有些主题句出现在段尾，也有少部分的主题句出现在该段中间。但一般文章的写作都是遵循把重要信息放在第一句这种原则。所以“首行”读法对于学生读自己不太熟悉的题材的文章时尤为适用，这样可以帮助读者先在头脑里树立整篇文章的内容框架，然后再补充框架，仔细阅读。
(二)首末段落与各段首句读法
每篇文章或章节的首段和末段具有特殊的重要意义，作者会在首段陈述他的写作意图，也可能会在末段对整个章节做出总结。因此，应十分重视首末段落。同时，还要重视各段的第一句，因为往往首段后的各个段落是对首段的展开。再有，重视各段首句可以弥补有时首段陈述不详的缺陷，解决末段综述性话语里的疑难问题。
(三)搜寻式阅读，即跳读
跳读的目的是要从文章中查阅到所需要的某些特定的信息。要采取竖视视向阅读，即眼睛不横向视读，要竖向阅读，对于每行的东西只读关键词，非关键词不用注意。对关键词也是一扫而过，因为竖视视向阅读或者扫视关键词都是在掌握主旨大意后，对其他部分的阅读，速度必须快。关键词是指主语、谓语、宾语;文章标题、引号部分、粗体字、黑体字、大写字、斜体字、划线部分;承接语、过渡词;代词、动词、形容词。
(四)正确判断和推理
在读完文章、了解文章大意后，还要向自己提出更高的要求，那就是根据作者使用的语言、叙述的事实、引用例证、人物的对话及动作、心理活动的描写等推断出作者写这篇文章的意图是什么，他想要说明什么问题，表达什么观点及持有什么样的态度。这是一个通过表面文字推测文章深层结构含义的判断、推理过程，它能推动学生积极地思考，培养较高的理解能力、准确的判断能力和果断的推理能力。这些能力的获得有利于学生顺利地阅读文章、理解文章，提高阅读效率。
培养学生英语阅读能力的方法
1.语言的基本功。掌握一定的语言知识是非常重要的，尤其是词汇的问题，这是学习语言的基础。如果词汇量不大，阅读过程中势必遇到的生词很多，不仅影响阅读速度，也严重影响阅读理解的质量。学好英语语法及习惯用法，在阅读理解的文章中，也经常会遇结构复杂的句子及惯用法，而这些结构复杂的长句或惯用法又是解决某题的依据。
2.阅读方法。在阅读时，有的人总喜欢用铅笔或手指在书上的每一行左右移动，生怕遗漏任何一个词;有的人一边读一边念出声;有的人一边读一边逐句翻译;有的人担心没有读懂，反复回头阅读;还有的人没有耐心一目十行。以上都是不正确的阅读习惯。基本的阅读方法有三种：略读、查读和细读。在一篇文章的阅读过程中，我们应该根据不同目的，采用不同的阅读方法。在正式考试中，阅读理解部分可遵循下列步骤，先用“略读”的方法浏览全文，以了解心中思想及大意;“查读”的方法获胜者某些特定的信息;用“细读”的方法掌握确切内容或课入的理解。在阅读过程中，为方便起见，可在文章画出关健词句，这样有助于文章的回查，以此作为答题依据。回答全部问题后，如果时间允许，可再快读一遍全文，以确定各题答案是否符合文章的精神。
㈨ 小学五年级英语阅读理解专项训练
【 #小学英语# 导语】很多学生在做阅读理解题时，总是丢分，甚至丢很多分。究其原因，貌似阅读理解做不好，实质上，是读书面太窄，对汉语的意蕴把握不够。要想把阅读理解耐型做好，必须读足够的读物。日常没有阅读，却想把阅读理解做好，那只能是痴人说梦。以下是 考 网整理的《小学五年级英语阅读理解专项训练》相关资料，希望帮助到您。1.小学五年级英语阅读理解专项训练
It's September. It's fine. Mr. Green and his family are in the park. They are having a good time. Mr. and Mrs. Green are looking at some fish in the lake. Tom, their son, is looking at a plane in the sky. Mary, their daughter, is walking behind her parents. She is looking at fish in the lake, too.( ) l. It's a fine day today.
( ) 2. Mr. Green and his students are in the park.
( ) 3. Torn is looking at a plane in the sky.
( ) 4. Mary is sitting behind her parents.
( ) 5. Mary is looking at the fish in the lake, too.
2.小学五年级英语阅读理解专项训练昌樱猜
It was Sunday yesterday. Sam and Amy shopped in the department store, Sam wanted to buy a kite. He saw a blue one first. It was nice. But it was too expensive. Then he saw a cheaper one. It was green. He bought it. Amy wanted to buy a red dress,Because red is her favourite colour. She ried a red dress. But it was too big. So Amy took a small one. It was just right.(1) It was Saturday yesterday.
(2) Sam and Amy went shopping yesterday.
(3) The blue kite was cheap.
(4) Amy likes red very much.
(5) Amy bought a red skirt.
3.小学五年级英语阅颂段读理解专项训练
Today was hot. I went to the farm(农场) with my parents. There was a river near the farm . I went to the river with my dog . We ran and played . Suddenly I dropped (掉进)into the river ,“Help , Help……”My dog jumped into(跳进)the river and swam to me , Ten minutes later , I was saved(救). I was grateful to him. We are good friends.( )1、It was very______________ .
A、cold B、hot C、windy
( )2、I went to the farm with my ______________.
A、parents B、friends C、teacher
( )3、I ran and played with ______________.
A、my cat B、my dog C、my sister
( )4、______________jumped into the river and saved me.
A、My dog B、My mother C、My father
( )5、I was very grateful to my______________ .
A、mother B、friend C、dog
4.小学五年级英语阅读理解专项训练
Today is June 1st. It’s Children’s Day. My father takes me to the zoo. There are many kids of animals, such as tigers, pandas, monkeys, elephants and giraffes.Look, the elephants are walking by the river. The monkeys are climbing mountains. The giraffes are eating leaves. I like pandas best. They are eating bamboo now. Where are the tigers? Oh, they are fighting. I love all the animals.
( )1. Tomorrow is June 2nd.
( )2. Today is Teacher’s Day.
( )3. The giraffes are eating leaves. I like giraffes best.
( )4. The monkeys can climb mountains.
( )5. My mother takes me to the zoo.
5.小学五年级英语阅读理解专项训练
Today is New Year’s Day. The students are very happy and busy. They are in the classroom now. They are having a big party. Chen Jie is singing and dancing. Amy is drinking water. Jim is eating a big apple . There are many fruits in front of him. Sarah is watching TV. Zhang Peng is talking to Jack. What is the teacher doing? She is writing “Happy New Year” on the board. Every body has a good time today.读一读，选一选。
( ) 1. ---What’s the date today? ---It’s .
A. June 1st B. October 1st C. January 1st
( )2. The students are now.
A. in the park B. in the classroom C. at home
( )3. Amy is .
A. Singing and dancing B.drinking water C.drinking milk
( )4.---Do the students have a good time ?--- .
A.Yes, they do. B.No, they don’t. C.We don’t know.
( )5.---Are there many fruits in the classroom?---- .
A.Yes, there are. B.Yes, they are. C.Yes, it is.