中考英语阅读理解判断推理题
㈠ 中考英语阅读理解的技巧和方法
初中生做英语阅读理解可以注意一些方法技巧，下面我为大家总结了中考英语阅读理解的技巧和方法，仅供大家参考。
细节事实题的解题方法
做这类题的一般方法是先要找出题干或是选项中的关键字，一般为数字、大写或人名地名，再通过scanning快速确定该细节在文中的出处(信息源)，仔细对照题干要求，排除或选择。命题者在出这类题时惯用“偷梁换柱、张冠李戴”的手法来迷惑考生，即对原句细微处做改动，截取原文词语或结构进行改造，因果倒置，把A的观点说成B的观点等。所以正确理解题干和信息句的意义是关键。细节事实题还要十分注意句子的非主干成分，如定语、状语、补语等，这些成分都是出题者常进行误导的落脚点。
是非判断一般都遵循对照选项进行“三对一错或三错一对”的判断。若该信息句是长句或难句，要学会找出其主干部分，分析句子结构，正确理解信息句的意义。一定要注意的是，要所答是所问，不要受到惯势思维的影响，习惯性地去选择正确的细节事实，切记要弄清问题，不要所答非所问。
推理判断
此类题的关键是要注意原文出现的语句不是我们做出的推理判断，而是原文给出的细节信息，所以原文语句不能选。判断时对已知的事实仔细评价后做出的合理决定并非唯一决定，要对事实进行合乎情理的判断，有时还需借助常识进行判断。
推理判断题分两种，即对细节的推理和对主旨的推理。主要以We can infer / imply / learn from this passage that ……等进行提问。解决此类题要注意，一是与原文相同的细节不能选，二是文中没有出现的细节不能跳出文章做推断。解题过程中只要注意上述两点，再结合做细节和主旨的方法，即可以做出推理判断题。
养成良好的解题习惯
同样一篇 阅读 ，有的学生用5分钟做完，有的学生用30分钟。这个现象很常见，主要原因在于做题注意力是否集中。多半学生在做阅读时，读着读着就走神了，等回过神来前面读了什么就忘了，周而复始，30分钟过去了，好不容易做完，准确率还不高。
阅读是一个连贯性的题型，需要注意力集中，专心致志去分析文章。针对于那些容易走神的学生，建议计时做题，有了时间的约束，可以时刻提醒自己集中于文章;或者有些同学就是对大篇幅的文章有厌读情绪，那么可以从问题和选项入手，在问题和选项中找出关键词，了解文章大概，带着问题有针对性的到文章找答案。
以上就是我为大家总结的中考 英语 阅读理解的技巧和方法，仅供参考，希望对大家有所帮助。
㈡ 中考英语阅读理解训练题
2017中考英语阅读理解训练题
英语中考试卷,阅读理解这个题型分值所占比重最大,在卷面120分的内容当中占到40分,难度和灵活程度也是相对较高的。为了帮助大家备考，我分享了一些中考英语阅读理解题，希望能对大家有所帮助!
中考英语阅读理解【1】
Fiftythree years ago Barbie Millicent Roberts first appeared in the world of toys.Since then，Barbie doll，as everyone called her，has become the most successful toy doll in history.Her parent，the Mattel Company，said that 90% of all American girls between 3 and 10 have at least one Barbie at home.
However，Barbie is facing some trouble at present.There are many similar dolls on the market in competition with her.Another doll named Bratz，for example，came to life thirteen years ago.She looks more like today's pop stars with heavy makeup(浓妆) and miniskirts.And her company offers more kinds of clothes too.
It seems that Barbie has lost her magic among older girls.“For younger girls，playing with a Barbie is much fun.But when you get older，you want something smarter and more modern，”says Vera Shepherd，a shop assistant in a New York toy store.
It is good news that on the international market，Barbie is still No.1.Although Mattel is selling fewer Barbies in the United States these years，sales in other countries are still going up.In January 2009，Mattel opened its first Barbie store in Shanghai，where girls can shop，eat，drink or even become fashion_designers for their own Barbies.
Mattel is planning big celebrations for Barbie's 53rd birthday.Fashion designers from all over the world have been called to make new dresses for Barbie.How long will Barbie stay popular in the world of toy dolls?It is hard to say，but 53 is surely not the age to retire(退休).
26.Barbie's family name is________.
A.Roberts B.Millicent C.Shepherd D.Bratz
27.Barbie's trouble is that ________.
A.it wears heavy makeup and miniskirts
B.other dolls are more popular with little girls
C.other dolls are trying to beat her in the market
28.Girls can do the following in the first Barbie Shop in Shanghai except________.
A.going shopping B.taking photos
C.drinking juice
29.What's the meaning of the underlined words “fashion designers”in the passage?
A.珠宝设计师B.发型设计师
C.服装设计师
30.What is the best title of the passage?
A.First Barbie Shop in Shanghai
B.Barbie's Past and Present
C.Barbie's 53rd Birthday Party
中考英语阅读理解【2】
Cause and effect is one way to explain things that happen around us.Many things happen because something caused or influenced them to happen.Sometimes it is hard to look at a cause and find out what causes the effect.It may help you to start with the effect and use your reasoning (推理的) skills.Think about all the things you know that could be reasons for the effect you can see.
For example，you may see someone putting on a heavy jacket.This is the effect.To look for a cause，think to yourself，“What would make someone put on a heavy jacket?”Maybe the person is going outside into very cold weather.Maybe the person works in the penguin pen (企鹅圈养地) at Sea World.Maybe the person is going to visit an ice skating rink where the air is kept very cold.All of these things could be a cause for putting on a heavy jacket.
Now，think about a second example.The effect is a boy named Abi has to go to the head teacher's office.What are the possible causes?Maybe he bullied (欺负) another student.Maybe he is just being picked up early.Maybe he is being given a prize!
Here is another example for you to think about its cause and effect.Cait，13，was trying to fall asleep when her 8yearold brother，Doug，came into her room.He looked around a bit，but seemed really out of it.Then Doug went back into the hallway and stood there looking straight up at the hall light for quite a while.Little brothers can be very strange，but this was really much too strange.Cait didn't know what to do.Just then，Cait's father appeared and explained that Doug was sleepwalking.What's the cause and effect，could you tell?
16.According to the second paragraph，which of the following is an effect?
A.Someone puts on a heavy jacket.
B.Someone works in the penguin pen.
C.Someone will go outside into cold weather.
D.Someone will go to visit an ice skating rink.
17.Abi has to go to the head teacher's office.Which of the following isn't the possible cause?
A.He bullied another student.
B.He is going shopping.
C.he is being picked up early.
D.He is being given a prize.
18.What was Doug doing when his sister Cait tried to fall asleep?
A.He was going outside.
B.He was reading a story.
C.He was sleepwalking.
D.He was looking for his dad.
19.Which of the following is cause and effect?
A.Tony got up and had a glass of water.
B.We came home and found him sleeping.
C.The ball was lost and a window was broken.
D.Tim was late again and his teacher got angry.
20.What is the best title for the text?
A.Truth and lies B.Work and sleep
C.Cause and effect D.Life and dreams
中考英语阅读理解【3】
Ask any student which subject he or she hates most.9 out of 10 students will answer “math”.No matter which country you visit，no matter which grade you are in，you may not learn art，geography，chemistry or Chinese，but you always learn math.Why is this so?How come so many students hate math，and yet cannot avoid learning it in school?
Jenny Sanders，a high school student in California，asks，“What good do we get from learning math?We can use computers to compute numbers，and we can use computers to store information.I think learning math at school is a waste of time.”
However，there is much more to math than just learning to add and subtract(减) numbers.In fact，math is not so much about calculation (计算) as it is about learning to think logically (逻辑地) and solving problems.Of course，Jenny was right that we can use computers to do calculations，but how would we even know how to use the computer if we can't think logically?In short，computers are only tools when solving problems.
For example，imagine you are a cook and must serve dinner to 100 guests.How should you divide your resources so that you can get the job done most efficiently (高效地)?In situations like this，the ability to think logically will get you to a reasonable answer and solve your problem.
21.According to the passage，which subject do students always learn in different grades at school?
A.Chinese.B.Math.C.Geography.
22.What does Jenny Sanders think of learning math?
A.Interesting. B.Boring. C.Useless.
23.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A.90% of the students hate learning math.
B.Students can learn math well with computers.
C.Math can do calculations and store information.
24.What does the underlined word “resources” mean in the passage?
A.科目 B.效率 C.资源
25.What does the writer want to tell us?
A.Math is just learning to add and subtract numbers.
B.Math can be good for both our body and our mind.
C.Math helps us think logically and solve problems.
;㈢ 英语阅读理解技巧|如何做推理判断题
1.推理判断题是历届高考英语的命题集中点，包括判断和推理两个方面。属于深层理解题，一般难度较高，得分率较低，其比例约占30%—40%。
2.推理判断题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的推理判断，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题所涉及笑碰族的内容可能是文中的某一句话，也可能是某几句话，所以，推理题的答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写或综合。推理判断题的题干中通常含有infer, suggest, imply, conclude indicate等标志性词语。 这种题型主要包括细节判断题、态度观点推断题、写作意图推断题、文章出处判断题吵磨和猜测想象推断题。
3.常见的设问方式有：
推测作者写作目的或意图的设题形式有：
1) The purpose in writing this text is to __________.
2) The author writes this passage to __________.
3) The author in this passage intends to __________.
推测文章的观点碰弊或结论的设题形式有：
1) It can be inferred from the passage that __________.
2) What conclusion can be drawn from the passage?
3) From the passage we can conclude that __________.
推断文章出处的设题形式有：
1)The passage is most likely to be taken from_________.
2)Where would this passage most probably appear?
3)The passage is most likely a part of_________.
是非判断题的设题方式：1．which of the following is （not）true or false ?
2．All of the following statements are wrong except _____
3．All of the following statements are right/true except _____.
4．Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage /text?
逻辑排序题的设题方式：
Which of the following describes one’s logic in doing sth ?
Which of the following shows the correct order of what happened to …?
Choose the right order of the following events in …
㈣ 中考英语判断推理有多少题
中考英语20个题中，常有6—8个判断推理题。
㈤ 中考英语阅读理解训练题及答案解析
2017中考英语阅读理解训练题及答案解析
推断题是英语阅读理解的常见题型，吃透文章的表层意思，是推理的前提和基础。下面是我分享的中考英语阅读理解题，希望能对大家有所帮助!
中考英语阅读理解【1】
You may know the English letters A, B and C. But do you know there are people called “ABC”? You may like eating bananas. But do you know there are people called “banana persons”? If you don’t know, I will tell you. They are Chinese people like you and me, but they aren’t in China.Why do people call them like that?
“ABC” means American-born Chinese. An “ABC” is a Chinese,
but was born in the United States. Sometimes, people also call them
“banana persons”. A banana is yellow outside and white inside. So when
a person is a banana, he or she is white (American) inside and yellow (Chinese)
outside.
They are born in America and they live in America for a long time. Even
their nationality(国籍) is American. So they think like Americans and do things
like Americans. But they still have Chinese blood(血). Their parents, grandparents
or even great-grandparents were from China. They all have black eyes and black hair.
So they look like us Chinese people. For example, we all know the famous scientist
C.N.Yang. He is an “ABC” and he is a “banana person”. We like him, although(虽然)
his nationality isn’t Chinese.
57.What does “ABC” mean?
A. American-born Chinese B. American-born Canadian
C. Australian-born Chinese D. Chinese-born Chinese
58.Why do people call an “ABC” a “banana person”?
A. They look like Americans but they think like Chinese.
B. They look like Chinese but they think like Americans.
C. They like to eat bananas.
D. They can speak “ABC” very well.
59.Why do ABCs think like Americans?
A. Because they live in America for a long time
B. Because they are born in America.
C. Because they want to be Americans.
D. Both A and B.
60.What colour are their eyes and hair?
A. Their eyes and hair are black.
B. Their eyes and hair are yellow.
C. Their eyes and hair are white.
D. Their eyes and hair are black and yellow.
61.Which person of the following is a “banana person”?
A. 杨利伟 B. 科比 C. 杨振宁 D. 姚明
中考英语阅读理解【2】
Take a look at teenagers around, dressed in baggy-pants (宽松裤), drinking soft drinks such as coke, reading Japanese cartoons. Whether you are in Beijing, Wuhan or Hong Kong, you will get the same impression. But should we others or should we maintain (保留) our differences?
It sounds convenient that people around the world speak the same language, dress in the same style, eat the same food and play the same games. If the world was like this, you won’t feel strange in any corner of world. But just imagine living in such a strange world. How ll and colorless it would be!
Different kinds of food that people can taste, the colorful and fashionable clothes that we dress in and different languages we speak are all part of the different cultures that our ancestors left us. These differences represent their creativity (创造力) and talent. And we all enjoy different cultures in our daily lives. When you travel to other places, you want to see different things. When you talk to foreigners you expect to listen to interesting stories. These differences in culture are what make life colorful.
But the whole world is shrinking into a small village as globalization (全球化) takes effect and many different cultures are disappearing. In most big cities around the world people wear the same clothes. Fast food stores are everywhere. Hollywood movies are kicking traditional performing arts out of our lives. The colors of our life are disappearing.
There is joke that even the panda and zebra want to live a colorful life. So let’s take action to protect our colorful culture before it becomes as simple as black and white.
It’s not difficult. Learning some folk songs, trying on a traditional clothing and even eating local food instead of going to KFC can help. And we’re sure you will enjoy it.
【小题1】The passage is written to _______.
A. explain cultural differences B. convince readers to maintain cultural differences
C. predict the future of globalization D. show some cultural phenomena(现象)
【小题2】The author thinks that cultural differences _______.
A. make the world colorful B. make communication difficult
C. only exist in food and clothing D. will never fade away
【小题3】The author starts the argument by ________.
A. mentioning certain cultural phenomena
B. mentioning his view at the very beginning
C. mentioning the opposite view at the very beginning
D. giving examples of cultural differences
【小题4】The underlined word “shrink” probably means “_______”.
A. expand B. disappear C. become smaller D. grow in number
【小题5】The author talks of all the following cultural phenomena except _______.
A. food B. clothing C. language D. architecture
中考英语阅读理解【3】
People use money to buy food, books and hundreds of other things they need. When they work, they usually get paid in money.
Most of the money used today is made of metal or paper. But in the time long ago, people used to use all kinds of things as money. One of the first kinds of money was shells.
In China, cloth and knives were used as money. Elephant tusks(牙), monkey tail and salt were used in some parts of the world. Rice was also a kind of money used by the people in some islands. Some animals were used as money, too.
The first copper coins were made in China. They were round and had a square hole in the center. Different countries have used different metals for their money. Later, some countries began to make coins of gold and silver(银). But gold and silver were heavy to carry when people needed a lot of coins to buy something expensive. The Chinese were the
first to use paper money. The first paper money looked more like a note from one person to another than the paper money used today.
Money has had an interesting story from the days of shell money till today.
63.People usually use money .
A.to buy gold
B.to get something they want
C.to buy shells
D.to buy something expensive
64.Long, long ago people all over the world used as money.
A.the same metal
B.the same paper
C.the different metals
D.all kinds of things
65.In the past, the ancient Chinese used to have cloth and knives .
A.as a tool
B.as money
C.as a gift
D.as a kind of goods
66. was also a kind of money used by the people in some islands.
A.Gold
B.Animals
C.Rice
D.Knives
67.The first paper money .
A.looked like the same as the paper money used today
B.1ooked interesting
C.1ooked like a note
D.had a square hole in the center
答案解析
57.A
58.B
59.D
60.A
61.C
【解析】
试题分析：本文介绍了为什么把美籍华人称为“ABC”and “Banana Persons”
57.细节理解题，根据文中语句““ABC” means American-born Chinese.”理解可知。“ABC”指的是美籍华人，故选A。
58.细节理解题，根据文中语句“Even their nationality(国籍) is American. So they think like Americans and do things like Americans.”理解可知。他们的思想和做事风格是美国人，但血统是中国人，故选B。
59.细节理解题，根据文中语句“They are born in America and they live in America for a long time. Even their nationality(国籍) is American. So they think like Americans and do things
like Americans.”理解可知。因为他们出生在美国，生活在美国受到了教育也是美国式的教育，故选D。
60.细节理解题，根据文中语句“They all have black eyes and black hair.So they look like us Chinese people.”理解可知。他们的外貌特征还是一个中国人，故眼睛和头发都是黑色的，故选A。
61.细节理解题，根据文中语句“For example, we all know the famous scientist
C.N.Yang. He is an “ABC” and he is a “banana person”. We like him, although(虽然)
his nationality isn’t Chinese.”理解可知。杨振宁就是一个ABC人。故选C。
考点：记述文阅读
点评：本文浅显易懂，各个小题都能在文中找到适当依据。只要认真阅读短文，注意前后联系，就能顺利完成阅读。文章所设试题主要考察细节查找，做题关键是找出原文的根据，认真核查小题和原文的异同。
62.
【小题1】B
【小题2】A
【小题3】A
【小题4】C
【小题5】D
【解析】
试题分析：这篇短文主要讨论了人们在饮食，服装及语言方面的文化差异，告诉我们正是这些文化上的差异才让我们的世界如此多姿多彩，因此我们要保持自己的文化特点。
【小题1】这篇短文主要讨论了我们是该模仿他人还是保持自己的文化差异，并建议我们保持自己的文化差异。故选B。
【小题2】根据第二段These differences in culture are what make life colorful. 及本段描述，可知正是文化差异才让我们的世界多姿多彩。故选A。
【小题3】根据短文第一段描述，可知作者首先列出了一些现象，继而才提出问题，故选A。
【小题4】联系下文into a small village as globalization (全球化)描述，可知此处指的是整个世界正在变小，故选C，变得更小。
【小题5】这篇短文主要讨论了人们在饮食，服装及语言方面的文化差异，没有提及建筑上的差异，故选D。
考点：关于文化差异的.议论文阅读
点评：本文中长句较多，一时很难读懂句子含义，注意多读几遍，不要强求非得理解一词一句的含义，能把握文章大意就行。然后带着问题阅读短文，一般就能顺利找出答题依据。对于不能直接找到根据的问题注意联系上下文，根据短文中心总结出正确答案。
63.B
64.D
65.B
66.C
67.C
【解析】
试题分析：这篇短文简要的介绍了货币的发展历史。
63.根据People use money to buy food, books and hundreds of other things they need. 可知选B
64.根据But in the time long ago, people used to use all kinds of things as money.可知选D
65.根据In China, cloth and knives were used as money. 可知选B
66.根据Rice was also a kind of money used by the people in some islands. 可知选C
67.根据The first paper money looked more like a note 可知选C
考点：关于货币的说明文阅读
点评：本文浅显易懂，层次分明，学生很容易把握文章中心内容。答题中注意带着问题阅读短文，一般就能顺利找出答题依据。对于不能直接找到根据的问题注意联系上下文，根据短文中心总结出正确答案。
;㈥ 英语阅读理解中推理判断题怎么做
1.不要钻牛角尖，放开思维
2.用英语思考：在阅读时，不必把英文翻译成中文，否则将大大地降低专阅读速度，从而影属响对阅读材料的全面理解。
3.扩大阅读视野
4.心态好
5.正确选项的特点
正确选项不是文章直接或明确说明的内容，是间接表达出来的，除符合文章主旨外，还符合逻辑，让考生有推敲的余地，另外，正确选项大多含义深刻，不是常识选项。
6.干扰选项的特点
①夸大事实：对于原文中的细节或论断的某方面程度进行了夸大处理。②无中生有：捏造原文并不存在的信息，并以此作为依据进行推理。③掺入常识：根据考生已有的常识是正确的，但却不是基于文章。④推理过头：引申过度，使结论过于绝对化。
㈦ 中考英语的阅读理解的题型和文章类型有哪些
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㈧ 初三英语阅读理解材料及答案
初三英语阅读理解材料及答案
初三是中考英语的最后复习和冲刺阶段，为了帮助大家在初三备考中考英语，我整理了一些英语阅读理解，希望能对大家有所帮助!
英语阅读理解【1】
Some people may think too much sunlight can lead to cancer, so they always keep themselves away from sunlight. But experts believe that proper exposure(暴露) to sunlight is good for us.
For example, scientists think sunlight can help stop some diseases. They say that wearing sunscreen(防晒油) all the time makes the body short of vitamin D.
Vitamin D in fact stops us from more than 25 diseases and keeps bones and teeth healthy. However, around 60% of the population are short of vitamin D in their blood. One of the easiest ways to get it is to expose your skin to sunlight. Your body makes vitamin D from the sun faster than it takes in from food. What’s more, safely getting enough sunlight can make you look younger.
However, not everybody likes sunlight. Some people should not be exposed to the sun without a strong sun protection. Experts advise that just ten minutes of daily exposure to sunlight should be enough to give us vitamin D we need.
1. What does the passage mainly tell us?
A. Don’t expose to the sun.
B. Proper exposure to sunlight is good for our health.
C. We should stay in the sun as long as possible.
D. We can get vitamin D from food.
2. What will happen if we don’t get enough sunlight for a long time?
A. We will keep away from cancer.
B. We will get many diseases.
C. Our body will be short of vitamin D.
D. We will have more vitamin D in our blood.
3. The proper sunshine can keep our ________ healthy.
A. eyes and skin B. bones and teeth
C. ears and blood D. bones and eyes
4. The underlined phrase “take in” in the passage means “” in Chinese.
A. 吸收 B. 占用 C. 分享 D. 拿进来
5. Which is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Scientists think our skin can get vitamin D from sunlight.
B. Most people have enough vitamin D in their blood.
C. Ten minutes of exposure to sunlight every day is enough for us to get vitamin D.
D. Our body gets vitamin D faster from the sun than from food.
参考答案：1.B 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.B
英语阅读理解【2】
Perhaps you have heard a lot about the Internet, but what is it, do you know? The Internet is a network. It uses the telephone to join millions of computers together around the world.
Maybe that doesn’t sound very interesting. But when you’ve joined to the Internet, there are lots and lots of things you can do. You can send E-mails to your friends, and they can get them in a few seconds. You can also do with all kinds of information on the World Wide Web (WWW).
There are many different kinds of computers now. They all can be joined to the Internet. Most of them are small machines sitting on people’s desks at home, but there are still many others in schools, offices or large companies. These computers are owned by people and companies, but no one really owns the Internet itself.
There are lots of places for you to go into the Internet. For example, your school may have the Internet. You can use it ring lessons or free time. Libraries often have computers joined to the Internet. You are welcome to use it at only time.
Thanks to the Internet, the world is becoming smaller and smaller. It is possible for you to work at home with a computer in front, getting and sending the information you need. You can buy or sell whatever you want by the Internet. But do you know 98% of the information on the Internet is in English? So what will English be like tomorrow?
1. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Internet. B. Information.
C. Computers. D. E-mails.
2. Which is the quickest and cheapest way to send messages to your friends?
A. By post. B. By E-mail.
C. By telephone. D. By satellite.
3. Which may be the most possible place for people to work in tomorrow?
A. In the office. B. At school.
C. At home. D. In the company.
4. Whose the owner of the Internet?
A. The headmaster. B. The officer.
C. The user. D. No one.
5. What does the writer try to tell us with the last two sentences?
A. English is important in using the Internet.
B. the Internet is more and more popular.
C. Most of the information is in English.
D. Every computer must have the Internet.
参考答案：这是一篇关于 Internet 的说明文，它介绍了什么是Internet，Internet 的用途，它的贡献等等。
1. A。主旨题。文章的`每一段都谈到了 Internet，所以我们可以推断文章的主要内容是 Internet。
2. B。细节题。在第2段中谈到 You can send E-mail to your friends, and they can get them in a few seconds，相比其他选项，E-mail 当然是最快的。
3. C。细节题。最后一段的第2句讲到 It’s possible for you to work at home with a computer in front，所以明天我们极有可能 at home 工作了。
4. D。判断题。根据全文我们得知，我们可以在 school, libraries, home 等地方使用 Internet，所有的拥有者是大家，并不是某一个人或某一行业的从业者。
5. A。推断题。最后两句告诉我们：98% of the information on the Internet is in English，也就是说英语在 Internet的应用是非常广泛，非常重要的，除 A 选项外，没有一个选项能全部概括这句话的意思。
英语阅读理解【3】
If you do not use your arm or your legs for some time, they become weak; when you start using them again, they slowly become strong again. Everybody knows that. Yet many people do not seem to know that memory works in the same way. When someone says that he has a good memory, he really means that he keeps his memory in practice by using it. When someone else says that his memory is poor, he really means that he does not give it enough chance to become strong. If a friend says that his arms and legs are weak, we know that it is his own fault(过错). But if he tells us that he has a poor memory, many of us think that his parents are to blame(受责备), and few of us know that it is just his own fault. Have you ever found that some people can’t read or write but usually they have better memories? This is because they cannot read or write and they have to remember things; they cannot write down in a little notebook. They have to remember days, names, songs and stories; so their memory is the whole time being exercised. So if you want to have a good memory, learn from the people: Practice remembering.
1. The main reason for one is poor memory is that _______.
A. his father or mother may have a poor memory
B. He does not use his name or legs for some time
C. his memory is not often used
D. he can’t read or write
2. If you do not use your arms or legs for some time _______.
A. you can’t use them any more
B. they will become stronger
C. they become weak and won’t become strong until you use them again.
D. they will become neither stronger nor weaker
3. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. Your memory works in the same way as your arms or legs.
B. Your memory, like your arms or legs, becomes weak if you don’t give it enough chance for practice.
C. Don’t learn how to read and write if you want to have a better memory.
D. A good memory comes from more practice.
4. Some people can’t read or write, but they usually have better memories, because _______.
A. they have save much trouble
B. they have saved much time to remember things
C. they have to use their memories all the time
D. they can’t write everything in a little notebook
5. Which is the best title for this passage?
A. Don’t Stop Using Your Arms Or Legs
B. How To Have a Good Memory
C. Strong Arms And Good Memories
D. Learn From the People
参考答案：1. C。推断题。根据When someone says that he has a good memory, he really means that he keeps his memory in practice by using it 可推出答案为C。
2. C。根据 When you start using them again they slowly become strong again 可知答案为C。
3. C。根据文章内容，A、B、D项均正确，只有C项错误，所以选择C。
4. C。根据 This is because they cannot read or write and they have to remember things 和 …so their memory is the whole time being exercised可知答案为C。
5. B。本文主要讲记忆力不是天生的，而是靠后天培养的，所以应该选择B。
;㈨ 中考英语阅读理解材料附答案
中考英语阅读理解材料附答案
中考英语成绩影响着我们高中的择校，为了帮助大家备考2017年中考，我整理了一些英语阅读理解题及答案，希望能对大家有所帮助!
中考英语阅读理解【1】
When you want to go shopping, decide how much money you can spend for new clothes. Think about the kind of clothes you really need. Then look for those clothes on sale(销售).
There are labels(标签)inside all new clothes. The labels tell you how to take care of your clothes. The label for a shirt may tell you to wash it in warm water. A sweater label may tell you to wash by washing in cold water. The label on a coat may say "dry clean only." Washing may ruin(损坏)this coat. If you do as the directions(说明)say on the label, you can keep your clothes looking their best. Many clothes today must be dry cleaned. Dry cleaning is expensive. When buying new clothes, check(核实)to see if they will need to be dry cleaned. You will save money if you buy clothes that can be washed.
You can save money if you buy clothes that are well made. Well-made clothes last longer. They look good even after they have been washed many times. Clothes that cost more money are not always better made. They do not always fit(合身)better. Sometime less expensive clothes look and fit better than more expensive clothes.
1.If you want to save money you can buy clothes that _____.
A. don’t fit you
B. don’t last long
C. need to be dry cleaned
D. can be washed
2.The label inside the clothes tell you______.
A. how to keep them looking their best
B. how to save money
C. whether they fit you or not
D. where to get them dry cleaned
3.The first thing for you to do before you buy clothes is ______.
A. to look for well-made clothes
B. to see how much money you can pay
C. to know how to wash them
D. to read the labels inside them
4.We learn from the reading that cheaper clothes ______.
A. are always worse made
B. must be dry cleaned
C. can not be washed
D. can sometimes fit you better
5.The best title(标题) for the reading should be ______.
A. Buying Less Expensive Clothes
B. Taking Enough Money When Shopping
C. Being a Clever Clothes Shopper
D. Choosing the Labels inside New Clothes
参考答案:1.此题为理解题，从第二段Dry cleaning is expensive. You will save money if you buy clothes that can be washed.可以看出C答案不对，又可以从第三段很容易判断出A和B不对。
2.此题为理解题，第二段的第二句话应该被看作主题句。从此句可以看出该题答案选择A。一般说来，文章的段落常有概括中心思想的主题句，且多位于段首或段末，有时也会夹在中间。对无主题句的篇章，考生应对文章进行分析和归纳，然后概括中心思想。
3.此题为直接题，从文章第一段第一句可以看出答案选B。
4.此题为推理题，文章中虽然没有直接信息，但从文章第二段及第三段很容易推断出A，B，C答案都是错误的。又从第三段最后一句话可以推断出答案选D。
5.此题为概括题，此题考查文章的'标题，主要针对文章的主题、中心思想、文章的结构层次(主题句或主题段)，要求学生在理解全文后归纳短文要点，概括中心思想。考生归纳各段的主题句不难发现此题答案选择C。
中考英语阅读理解【2】
Dear Mr / Ms,
We are very pleased to welcome President William Taylor and Manager James Rogers to Beijing and Shanghai in April for about a week. We offer the following itinerary (行程表) for your consideration.
Monday, April 18
4:00 pm Arrive in Beijing and be met at the airport by President of Asia Trading Co. (亚洲贸易公司)
4:15 pm Leave for Great Wall Hotel
7:30 pm Dinner
Tuesday, April 19
9:30 am Discussion at Asia Trading Co. Building
2:00 pm ~ 7:00 pm Group discussions
8:00 pm Cocktail (鸡尾酒) party
Wednesday, April 20
9:00 am Discussion
12:00 noon Sign the Letter of Intent (签订意向书)
1:30 pm Beijing Duck Dinner
3:30 pm Visit the Summer Palace
6:00 pm Take a plane for Shanghai
Yours faithfully
1. William Taylor and James Rogers will arrive in Beijing on __________.
A. Sunday B. Monday C. Tuesday D. Wednesday
2. They will at 9:30 am on April 19.
A. arrive at Great Wall Hotel
B. have a cocktail party
C. visit the Summer Palace
D. have a discussion
3. Their group discussions will last hours.
A. 4 B. 5 C. 6 D. 7
4. They will go to Shanghai on Wednesday.
A. by car B. by train C. by air D. by ship
5. The letter is mainly about __________.
A. a plan of a journey (行程)
B. a business meeting
C. an important discussion
D. a business between two companies
参考答案:1.B 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.A
中考英语阅读理解【3】
The idea of what shaking the head means is not always the same in different countries. Maybe some visitors would be surprised when they first came to India. When talking to an Indian, he would often shake his head. The visitors might think that the Indian did not like what they said. But, in fact, they would be completely wrong.
Indians always shake their heads when they talk to each other. It does not have the same meaning as “No”. If someone wants to visit India, he should know this, or it will give him some trouble.
One day, a foreign officer went to India on business. He hired a car and an Indian to drive it. When he told his driver to send him to his office, the Indian shook his head at once. The officer said again, and the driver shook his head again. At last, the officer, of course, got angry.
“How dare you refuse my order?” he shouted. “Drive me to my office at once!”
The driver answered in quite loud voice, too. “Yes, sir!” But to the officer’s surprise, the driver shook his head at the same time.
The car started, and the foreign officer was now too surprised to say a word. He thought about it for a while, and then he nodded with a smile, “‘No’ means ‘Yes’ here!”
1. An Indian would shake his head when ______.
A. he didn’t want to do anything
B. he agreed with others
C. he talked to others
2. The foreign officer was surprised that ______.
A. the driver could not understand him
B. the driver refused his order
C. the driver shook his head as he said “Yes”
3. The sentence “‘No’ mean ‘Yes’ here!” means ______.
A. in India the words Yes and No have the same meaning
B. Indians don’t say “No” when they don’t agree with each other
C. We shake our heads to say “No”, not “Yes” as Indians do
4. What do Indians often do when they talk?
A. Smile.
B. Shake their heads.
C. Bow to each other.
5. Which of the following sentences is NOT true?
A. Shaking the head doesn’t always have the same meaning in different countries.
B. When an India shakes his head, he really means Yes.
C. In India shaking the head means No.
参考答案:1.B 2.C 3.C 4.B 5.C
;㈩ 初中英语阅读理解题型
初中英语阅读理解题型
英语阅读理解题是中考英语常见的题型之一,且占比分较大,让学生熟悉常见的题型,掌握正确的答题技巧及解题步骤,可收到"事半功倍"的效果。下面就由我来跟大家介绍一下初中英语阅读理解常见题型及答题技巧吧!
【初中英语阅读理解题型及解题技巧】
(一)主旨题
主旨题主要考查学生对短文中心思想或作者意图的掌握。做此类题时，应通读全文，理解文章大意，充分理解主题句的意义。短文往往围绕主题句展开，主题句通常出现在短文第一句或最后一句。
(二)细节题
细节题是用来进一步表达主题，体现中心思想的，往往针对短文某个细节来设题。做此类题时，应快速捕捉信息，可能是一些事例、数字等，阅读时要有针对性。
(三)推断题
推断题就是根据某个事实推断结论，主要考查学生的理解力和推断力。这类推断通常包括：数据事实推断、常识推断以及作者的写作目的、态度和倾向等的推断。做此类题时，应根据短文中的相关语句，对与事实有关的细节加以分析，找出线索，悟出字里行间的意思，反复比较，从而作出合乎逻辑的判断。
(四)猜测词义题
猜测词义题主要考查学生根据上下文正确判断灵活变化的词义能力。一般情况下，推断词义的题目中所出现的单词，大多数是学生未曾见过的生词，学生需要在该词出现的上下文中去寻找线索。通过阅读上下文，断定该词的真正含义，然后将这个释义代入文中，检查是否贴切，仔细比较直到得出该词的确切的含义。
(五)正误判断题
正误判断题主要考查学生对文章的具体事实、信息的理解能力。一般是根据文章的事实或细节，给出一个句子，判断其正误。这类题比较直接，难度相对较小。做此类题时，应先看题，后带着“问题”快速阅读短文，寻找所需要的信息。 初中英语阅读理解题已成为评估学生英语水平的重要测试题型，在中考英语试卷中所占比重较大。阅读理解题主要是考查学生综合运用所学语言知识的能力，包括细节理解能力、词义判断能力、归纳概括能力及逻辑推理能力等。大致来说，阅读理解题主要针对如下方面：
(1) 个别词语或句子;(2)某一细节或情节;(3)主题;(4)背景知识;(5)结论或结局;(6) 内涵隐意或寓意等。下面本人就根据阅读理解题的题型特点，来谈一些答题技巧。
一、直接理解题
这种题目比较简单，只要通读全文，了解文中所叙述的重要事实或细节就可以解答出来，有的甚至可以从文章的原句中直接找到答案。此类题目的出题形式很多，例如：
(1)Which of the following statements is true / false?
(2)Which of the following is(not)mentioned?
(3)How many / How much / Where / How / What„„?
(4)What does the writer think about?
(5)Which is the right order of the events given in thepassage?
要快速辨认和记忆事实或细节，就需要恰当地使用查阅的方法。查阅是读者在对材料有所了解的情况下进行的，它的特点是带着问题去寻找答案，往往与略读综合使用，具体方法与步骤如下：
(1)略读材料，了解原文大意，掌握其中心意思或主旨。
(2)按文章的体裁、作者写作的组织模式及有关信息词，如for example，first，second„„预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。
(3)将自己的精力放在寻找所需要的细节上，快速通篇阅读，眼睛自左至右、自下而上呈Z形扫视，待找到含有相关细节的句子时，就要放慢速度，仔细核对，比较内容，直至找到答案。
二、语义理解题
在阅读中，我们经常会遇到一些生词，需要根据上下文猜测它们的意思。此类问题考查学生紧扣原文，根据上下文语境判断单词、词语或短句意义的能力。常见的题型有：直接对生词进行解释;对多义词或短语在文章具体语言环境中的意义作出准确判断;对英语中的一些格言或谚语进行解释;对文中一些代词的指代对象作出界定等。这种题型常见的设题方式如下：
(1)The underlined word(phrase)in the passage means______.
(2)The word“it/them”in the first paragraph refers to______.
(3)The underlined sentence in the last paragraph means____.
(4)What does the underlined word“„”refer to______.
(5)By „ the writer means______.
在做此类题时，考生应紧扣原文，根据上下文语境进行判断，切不要望文生义或断章取义，也不能只选择自己熟悉的意思。猜测词义的常见方法有：
1)根据构词法猜测词义;
(2)根据上下文猜测词义;
(3)根据定义或解释猜测词义;
(4)根据同义词、反义词以及对比关系猜测词义;
(5)根据生活常识猜测词义。
三、逻辑推理题
推理判断试题属于深层阅读理解题。它要求考生尽量考虑文中全部信息或事实，在通篇理解文章的基础上，严格按照作者提供的信息推断出作者的言外之意。这种题型常见的设题方式有：
(1)From the text，it can be inferred that______.
(2)The passage suggests that______.
(3)Which of the following best describes______.
(4)The writer’s attitude towards„is______.
(5)From the text，we learn that______.
这种题目有一定难度，解答时必须根据上下文及相互间的关系或对整篇文章进行深层理解后，才能找到答案。有时甚至还得联系作者的意图、态度等文外之意加以推理。解此类题目可从以下几方面入手：
(1)根据常识判断。即解题时，除弄清文意外，还需借助生活常识、风土人情、传说掌故、名人轶事等进行判断。
(2)根据知识判断。即解题时，运用一些一般性知识，如天文、地理、文学、艺术、科技等自然科学和社会科学知识。
(3)根据计算判断。即解题时，运用一些数学知识进行和差、面积、体积、速度等方面的运算。
(4)根据情节判断。即解题时，从情节所提供的基本事实出发，寻找一定规律，如时间关系、条件关系、因果关系、比较关系、转折关系等作为推理根据。这种题目最容易出现，考生要从时间、地点、事件的情节安排与发展中，深入探讨其逻辑关系及隐喻、引申等因素。
四、归纳总结题
这种题型要求学生在理解全文的基础上，对文章进行归纳、概括或评价。解这种题目时，不能只凭文中的只言片语而断章取义，如涉及文章的标题(title)、主题(main idea)、结论(conclusion)、结局(end)等有关问题，都需要在细读全文的基础上，结合所学语言知识进行逻辑思维、推理、判断，从而获取文章中的内在信息。常见的设题方式有：
(1)The general idea of the passage is about______.
2)The main idea of the article is______.
(3)The main purpose of this selection is______.
4)The passage suggests that______.
5)Which of the following best states the theme of thepassage?
具体解题时，应注意一些技巧：
(1)首先看短文的开头和结尾，确定短文题材，预测其内容。每段的第一句话往往会提供重要信息，可以帮助我们搜索各段落乃至整篇文章的大意。
(2)速读全文，整体理解短文大意，抓住关键词语，弄清文章的主旨。
(3)根据已知短文内容，着手解题。可先将文后的选择题看一下，然后带着问题再去阅读。这样做，一方面有助于对文章进一步理解，另一方面可以有针对性地从文章中寻找答案。
(4)迅速复读全文，检查自己的理解是否正确，所选答案是否前后矛盾。通过全面考虑，最后确定答案。
一.教学大纲对阅读理解的要求
(一)初中英语教学大纲对学生阅读上的基本要求：
1.能阅读难度相当于课文的材料，理解其大意。
2.能独立阅读所学语言知识范围内的材料，生词率不超过3%。
3.阅读速度要求每分钟50-70词。
(二)中考阅读理解的考点
1.文章的话题—略读文章，领会文章大意的题。
2.文章的中心题—归纳，概括的能力。
3.文章的细节—扫读或细读文章，以获得某些特地信息或准确的寻找所需细节的能力。
4.文章的寓意，结论-领会作者的言外之意或推断出文章的结论。
5.生词词意，猜词—对生词词意的判断能力。
(三)中考阅读理解考察的文体
1.记叙文—抓住人物，地点，时间，情节发展线索。
2.说明文—要以事物为中心进行思考。抓住事物的特征，用途，相互关系等。
(四)解题思路与技巧
1.快速浏览全文，掌握大意。
2.仔细审题，分析比较选项 。
3.带着问题复读，捕捉关键信息，解答问题。
4.再读全文，核对答案。
二.阅读理解题型及解题技巧
从近几年的中考阅读理解情况看，短文体裁多样，题材各异，文章涉及科学知识、社会文化、政治历史、人文环境和日常生活等方面，
充分体现其时代性、实用性。短文难度逐年加大。常见题型有主旨题、细节题、推断题、猜测词义题和正误判断题。
做阅读理解练习应先看问题，弄清考点。在阅读短文之前，快速浏览问题，以便在阅读短文时做到心中有数，快速、准确地捕捉所要信息。先易后难。做题时不必拘泥于书中所呈现的语篇顺序，应遵循先易后难的原则。如可先做细节题再做推断题，因为细节题大多能直接从文中找到答案，而推断题则需对短文进行深层理解，再作判断。
(一)主旨题
主旨题主要考查学生对短文中心思想或作者意图的掌握。做此类题时，应通读全文，理解文章大意，充分理解主题句的意义。短文往往围绕主题句展开，主题句通常出现在短文第一句或最后一句。
(二)细节题
细节题是用来进一步表达主题，体现中心思想的，往往针对短文某个细节来设题。做此类题时，应快速捕捉信息，可能是一些事例、数字等，阅读时要有针对性。
(三)推断题
推断题就是根据某个事实推断结论，主要考查学生的理解力和推断力。这类推断通常包括：数据事实推断、常识推断以及作者的写作目的、态度和倾向等的推断。做此类题时，应根据短文中的.相关语句，对与事实有关的细节加以分析，找出线索，悟出字里行间的意思，反复比较，从而作出合乎逻辑的判断。
(四)猜测词义题
猜测词义题主要考查学生根据上下文正确判断灵活变化的词义能力。一般情况下，推断词义的题目中所出现的单词，大多数是学生未曾见过的生词，学生需要在该词出现的上下文中去寻找线索。通过阅读上下文，断定该词的真正含义，然后将这个释义代入文中，检查是否贴切，仔细比较直到得出该词的确切的含义。
1.通过因果关系猜词
通过因果关系猜词，首先是找出生词与上下文之间的逻辑关系，然后才能猜词。有时文章借助关联词(如because，as，since，for，so，thus，as a result，of course，therefore等等)表示前因后果。例如：
You shouldn't have blamed him for that，for it wasn't his fault.通过for引出的句子所表示的原因(那不是他的错)，可猜出blame的词义是"责备"。
2.通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词
通过同义词猜词，一是要看由and或or连接的同义词词组，如happy and gay，即使我们不认识gay这个词，也可以知道它是愉快的意思;二是看在进一步解释的过程中使用的同义词，如Man has known something about the planets Venus，Mars，and Jupiter with the help of spaceships.此句中的Venus(金星)、Mars(火星)、Jupiter(木星)均为生词，但只要知道planets就可猜出这几个词都属于"行星"这一义域。通过反义词猜词，一是看表转折关系的连词或副词，如but，while，however等;二是看与not搭配的或表示否定意义的词语，如：He is so homely，not at all as handsome as his brother.根据not at all...handsome我们不难推测出homely的意思，即不英俊、不漂亮的意思。
3.通过构词法猜词
在阅读文章时，我们总会遇上一些新词汇，有时很难根据上下文来推断其词意，而它们对文章的理解又有着举足轻重的作用，此时，如掌握了一些常用的词根、前缀、后缀等语法知识，这些问题便不难解决了。
4.通过定义或释义关系来推测词义
例如：But sometimes，no rain falls for a long，long time. Then there is a dry period，or drought.
从drought所在句子的上文我们得知很久不下雨，于是便有一段干旱的时期，即drought，由此可见drought意思为"久旱"，"旱灾"。而a dry period和drought是同义语。这种同义或释义关系常由is，or，that is，in other words，be called或破折号等来表示。
5.通过句法功能来推测词义
例如：Bananas，oranges，pineapples，coconuts and some other kind of fruit grow in warm areas.假如pineapples和coconuts是生词，我们可以从这两个词在句中所处的位置来判断它们大致的意思。从句中不难看出pineapples，coconuts和bananas，oranges是同类关系，同属fruit类，因此它们是两样水果，准确地说，是菠萝和椰子。
6.通过描述猜词
描述即作者为帮助读者更深更感性地了解某人或某物而对该人或该物作出的外在相貌或内在特征的描写。例如：The penguin is a kind of sea bird living in the South Pole. It is fat and walks in a funny way. Although it cannot fly，it can swim in the icy water to catch the fish.从例句的描述中可以得知penguin是一种生活在南极的鸟类。后面更详尽地描述了该鸟类的生活习性。
(五)正误判断题
正误判断题主要考查学生对文章的具体事实、信息的理解能力。一般是根据文章的事实或细节，给出一个句子，判断其正误。这类题比较直接，难度相对较小。做此类题时，应先看题，后带着“问题”快速阅读短文，寻找所需要的信息。
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