英语阅读理解猴子比赛

① 帮忙解答一片英语阅读理解

一只聪明的猴子和一只年老的老虎住在森林里。他不想去寻找食物了。他经常告诉其他动物给他带吃的东西。他看到一只猴子说，“我饿了，猴子。去村里给我一个胖猪。”“哦，老虎，猴子说：“。“我现在做不到。那里有另外一只老虎。他还想要一个胖猪。他不让我帮你吃啥也。我怕他。”“什么？“哭泣的老虎。“给我那只老虎。我会和他谈谈。”“随我来，”猴子说。猴子和老虎来到一条河上的桥上。“现在看下面的水，”猴子说。“你看，白色的牙齿和大型的绿色眼睛的老虎吗？“是的，我做，老虎吼道，“我要吃他了！”说完这些话，老虎跳进river1。老虎也经常做什么？2。什么是老虎吗？3。在森林里有一只老虎吗？4。什么老虎做当他看到老虎的河流？5。你觉得这只猴子吗？
双语对照

② 中学时学过一篇猴子和鳄鱼的英语课文，其中一句“use your head then you will find your way”,谁记得全

是的，这是初中时的一篇课文，我印象特深，因为上学时背得很熟，还表演过。当时学的时候教材还是那种32开本的，这篇课文长，是分两课学完的。终于找到了，希望对你有帮助。
The Monkey And The Crocodile
One day a little monkey was playing in a tall tree by the river .A crocodile was swimming slowly near the bank with her baby .She looked around for some food .Suddenly she saw the monkey. “Aha ,there’s my meal ,”she thought .She then turned to her son , “Do you love me ,Son?

“Why ,of course ,Mum !” the baby crocodile said . “well then ,you catch that monkey and give me his heart to eat .” “But how can I?” the baby crocodile asked,

“Monkeys can’t swim , and I can’t climb trees.”

“You needn’t climb the tree.” His mother said. “Use your head , then you’ll find a way.”

The baby crocodile thought hard. Then he had an idea. He swam near the tree and shouted, “Hey, Monkey! Would you like some bananas?”

“Bananas! Mm! I love them,” said the monkey “But where are they?”

“On the other side of the river. There are some banana trees there, and they have lots of bananas on them. I’ll take you there on my back.”

“Good,” the monkey came down and jumped onto the crocodile’s back.

Soon they were in the middle of the river .Suddenly the crocodile went down under the water .When he came up again ,the monkey was all wet . “Don’t do that !” the monkey cried . “Don’t do that again ! I can’t swim ,you know .” “I know ,but I have to ,”answered the crocodile . “My mother wants to eat your heart.” The little monkey was clever . “Why didn’t you tell me earlier ?”he asked . “My heart isn’t here with me .I left it in that tree over there .”

“Then we’ll have to go back for it .Mother doesn’t want you without your heart .”The crocodile turned and swam back to the bank .

Soon they reached the bank .The monkey jumped off the crocodile at once , picked up a big stone and quickly climbed up the tree .The crocodile waited for the monkey to come down again .He waited and waited .As he was waiting ,he suddenly heard a voice from above : “Hey ,Crocodile !” The crocodile looked up .The monkey was hanging from the tree by his tail and laughing . “Here’s my heart .Come up and get it .Don’t keep your mother waiting ...You can’t come up ? Well ,catch!”

With these words ,he threw the big stone at the crocodile .

③ 05——07年考研英语阅读及译文

回答字数在10000字以内，所以就放了2005年希望对你有用。

2005 Passage 1

Everybody loves a fat pay rise. Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking, you might even be outraged. Such behaviour is regarded as “all too human”, with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance. But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it all too monkey, as well.

The researchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys. They look cute. They are good-natured, co-operative creatures, and they share their food tardily. Above all, like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “goods and services” than males.

Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr. Brosnan's and Dr. de waal's; study. The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens for food. Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for slices of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers, so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock, their behaviour became markedly different.

In the world of capuchins grapes are luxury goods (and much preferable to cucumbers) So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the second was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber. And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber, or refused to accept the slice of cucumber .Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other chamber (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to rece resentment in a female capuchin.

The researches suggest that capuchin monkeys, like humans, are guided by social emotions, in the wild, they are a co-operative, groupliving species, Such co-operation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated. Feelings of righteous indignation, it seems, are not the preserve of people alone, Refusing a lesser reward completely makes these feelings abundantly clear to other members of the group. However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems form the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.

21. In the opening paragraph, the author introces his topic by
[A]. posing a contrast.
[B]. justifying an assumption.
[C]. making a comparison.
[D]. explaining a phenomenon.

22. The statement “it is all too monkey” (Last line, paragraph l) implies that
[A]. monkeys are also outraged by slack rivals.
[B]. resenting unfairness is also monkeys' nature.
[C]. monkeys, like humans, tend to be jealous of each other.
[D]. no animals other than monkeys can develop such emotions.

23. Female capuchin monkeys were chosen for the research most probably because they are
[A]. more inclined to weigh what they get.
[B]. attentive to researchers' instructions.
[C]. nice in both appearance and temperament.
[D]. more generous than their male companions

24. Dr. Brosnan and Dr. de Waal have eventually found in their study that the monkeys
[A]. prefer grapes to cucumbers.
[B]. can be taught to exchange things.
[C]. will not be co-operative if feeling cheated.
[D]. are unhappy when separated from others.

25. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
[A]. Monkeys can be trained to develop social emotions.
[B]. Human indignation evolved from an uncertain source.
[C]. Animals usually show their feelings openly as humans do.
[D]. Cooperation among monkeys remains stable only in the wild.

重点词汇：

assumption  （假定；承担；呈现）是assume的名词形式；见1997年Text 2。.参consumption，2002年Text 3。assumption — the mother of screw-up 臆断——把事情弄糟的根源。underlying assumption 潜在的假定。
grievance /n.委屈冤情不平。申诉人提出不满意见交付仲裁者。悲痛伤心事不幸忧伤。因为有冤情（）而满怀悲痛（）向申诉人申诉。

tardily  adv.缓慢。形容词形式拖拉的。（谐音记忆：他地，工作是他的，所以我可以拖拉）

counterpart （相似或对应的人或物）即counter+part，counter-前缀“对等”，part部分，“对等的部分”。见2000年 Passage 4 。
token  n. 表示, 向征, 记号, 代币 adj. 象征的, 表意的。Tears are queer tokens of happiness. 眼泪是快乐的一种奇怪的表示。
reluctant  （不愿的，勉强的）即re+luct+ant，re-看作“反复”，luct可看作词根lect“选择”，-ant形容词后缀，人们都不愿反反复复地作选择，所以“反复选择”→不愿的。Suggestion systems can work — don't be reluctant to use them.建议制度是有效的——不要不愿使用它们。
indignation  n. 愤慨, 义愤。 记忆：in-dig挖（坑）-nation，挖坑藏在里面的民族，能不愤慨吗？比如老萨，呵呵。形容词形式 indignant  adj. 愤怒的, 愤慨的

难句分析：
①Such behaviour is regarded as “all too human”, with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance.
前一分句是句子的主句，其中使用了短语regard…as…的被动形式；with加名词作状语，即“带有潜在的假定”，其中assumption后接有that引导的同位语从句解释说明假定的内容。
翻译：这种行为被看作是“人之长情”，他潜在的假定就是其他动物不可能有这种高度发达的不公平意识。
②when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers, so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock, their behaviour became markedly different.
该句子的主句是their behaviour became markedly different.前面是when引导的时间状语从句，其中包含了so that引导的目的状语从句。
翻译：当两个猴子被安置在隔开但相邻的两个房间里，能够互相看见对方用石头换回来什么东西时，猴子的行为就会变的明显不同。

试题解析：
这篇文章是讲猴子有一种天然的公平意识，文章本身难度不是太大，一开始做了一个类比，讲人的公平意识。然后根据这个类比，文章重点谈猴子们的公平意识。这篇对比性的文章两个方面要理解，第一，人类和猴子之间都有一种近似的表现，当受到不公正待遇的时候，都有义愤填膺的感觉，如果把握这个逻辑，就是类比的逻辑。第二, 最后两段关于选择的实验的对象以及实验的结果。

21题，我们应该选择C，考察第一段的写作手法，明显用的是猴和人之间的相似形的比较关系。
22题答案是B，也是在把猴子和人做类比，指出猴子与人一样都抱怨不公平
23题答案选A，这个是事实细节题，答案是根据文章第三段第一句话得到的，雌性的猴子被选择做研究，是因为她们更加注重她们获得的东西。
24题答案选择C，他们最终的发现是什么，篇章最后两段反复重复，如果没有受到公平的话，
25题选择B.这篇文章第一段和最后一段都出现一个词，"假设"为什么猴和人都有这种心理反应，这个问题没有得以解决。

全文翻译：
人人都喜欢大幅加薪，但是当你知道一个同事薪水加得比你还要多的时候，那么加薪带给你的喜悦感就消失的无影无踪了。如果他还以懒散出名的话，你甚至会变得怒不可遏。这种行为被看作是“人之长情”，其潜在的假定其他动物不可能具有如此高度发达的不公平意识。但是由佐治亚州亚特兰大埃里莫大学的Sarah Brosnan 和Frans de Waal进行的一项研究表明，它也是“猴之常情”。这项研究成果刚刚发表在《自然》杂志上。

研究者们对雌性棕色卷尾猴的行为进行了研究。它们看起来很可爱，性格温顺，合作，乐于分享食物。最重要的是，就象女人们一样，它们往往比雄性更关注“商品和服务”价值。这些特性使它们成为Brosnan 和 de Waal理想的研究对象。研究者们花了两年的时间教这些猴子用代币换取食物。正常情况下，猴子很愿意用几块石头换几片黄瓜。但是，当两个猴子被安置在隔开但相邻的两个房间里，能够互相看见对方用石头换回来什么东西时，猴子的行为就会变的明显不同。

在卷尾猴的世界里，葡萄是奢侈品（比黄瓜受欢迎得多）。所以当一只猴子用一个代币换回一颗葡萄时，第二只猴子就不愿意用自己的代币换回一片黄瓜。如果一只猴子根本无需用代币就能够得到一颗葡萄的话，那么另外一只就会将代币掷向研究人员或者扔出房间外，或者拒绝接受那片黄瓜。事实上，只要在另一房间里出现了葡萄（不管有没有猴子吃它），都足以引起雌卷尾猴的怨恨。

研究人员指出，正如人类一样，卷尾猴也受社会情感的影响。在野外，它们是相互合作的群居动物。只有当每只猴子感到自己没有受到欺骗时，这种合作才可能稳定。不公平而引起的愤怒感似乎不是人类的专利。拒绝接受较少的酬劳可以让这些情绪准确无误地传达给其它成员。但是这种公平感是在卷尾猴和人类身上各自独立演化而成，还是来自三千五百万前他们共同的祖先，这还是一个悬而未决的问题。

2005 Passage 2

Do you remember all those years when scientists argued that smoking would kill us but the doubters insisted that we didn't know for sure? That the evidence was inconclusive, the science uncertain? That the antismoking lobby was out to destroy our way of life and the government should stay out of the way? Lots of Americans bought that nonsense, and over three decades, some 10 million smokers went to early graves.
There are upsetting parallels today, as scientists in one wave after another try to awaken us to the growing threat of global warming. The latest was a panel from the National Academy of Sciences, enlisted by the White House, to tell us that the Earth's atmosphere is definitely warming and that the problem is largely man-made. The clear message is that we should get moving to protect ourselves. The president of the National Academy, Bruce Alberts, added this key point in the preface to the panel's report “Science never has all the answers .But science does provide us with the best available guide to the future, and it is critical that out nation and the world base important policies on the best judgments that science can provide concerning the future consequences of present actions.”
Just as on smoking, voices now come from many quarters insisting that the science about global warming is incomplete, that it's Ok to keep pouring fumes into the air until we know for sure. This is a dangerous game: by the 100 percent of the evidence is in, it may be too late. With the risks obvious and growing, a prudent people would take out an insurance policy now.
Fortunately, the White House is starting to pay attention. But it's obvious that a majority of the president's advisers still don't take global warming seriously. Instead of a plan of action, they continue to press for more research-a classic case of “paralysis by analysis”.
To serve as responsible stewards of the planet, we must press forward on deeper atmospheric and oceanic research But research alone is inadequate. If the Administration won't take the legislative initiative, Congress should help to begin fashioning conservation measures .A bill by Democratic Senator Robert Byrd of West Virginia, which would offer financial incentives for private instry is a promising start Many see that the country is getting ready to build lots of new power plants to meet our energy needs. If we are ever going to protect the atmosphere, it is crucial that those new plants be environmentally sound.
26. An argument made by supporters of smoking was that
[A]. there was no scientific evidence of the correlation between smoking and death.
[B]. the number of early deaths of smokers in the past decades was insignificant.
[C]. people had the freedom to choose their own way of life.
[D]. antismoking people were usually talking nonsense.
27. According to Bruce Alberts, science can serve as
[A]. a protector.
[B]. a judge.
[C]. a critic.
[D]. a guide.
28. What does the author mean by “paralysis by analysis” (Last line, paragraph 4)
[A]. Endless studies kill action.
[B]. Careful investigation reveals truth.
[C]. prudent planning hinders.
[D]. Extensive research helps decision-making.
29. According to the author, what should the Administration do about
[A]. Offer aid to build cleaner power plants.
[B]. Raise public awareness of conservation.
[C]. Press for further scientific research.
[D]. Take some legislative measures.
30. The author associates the issue of global warming with that of smoking because
[A]. they both suffered from the government's negligence.
[B]. a lesson from the latter is applicable to the former.
[C]. the outcome of the latter aggravates the former.
[D]. both of them have turned from bad to worse.

重点词汇：
prudent adj. 谨慎的。It's prudent to take a thick coat in cold weather when you go out. 在寒冷的天气下外出时带上件厚外套是谨慎的。名词形式prudence n. 审慎。记忆：rude 粗鲁的，无礼的，p不-rude粗鲁的-ent形容词后缀
paralysis n. 瘫痪, 麻痹。 para-侧面。参见2003年Text 2。
paraphrase  （n.v.释意）即para+phrase，para-前缀表“在旁边、辅助”，phrase即“短语；用短语表达”，故“用短语辅助表达”→释意。以para-为前缀的单词还有paragraph（文章的段、节；短评）←para+graph写；parameter（参数）←para+meter计量；parasite（寄生虫）←para+site地点。
analysis  n. 分析, 分解。记忆：an-a-lysis，后缀同上，分析成一个an,a。联想：反义词synthesis n. 综合, 合成

take the legislative initiative
take the initiative 带头,开始着手 took the initiative in trying to solve the problem.开始着手试图解决这个问题
initiative  n. 主动。 名词形式initiate vt. 开始, 发动, 传授 v. 开始, 发起
legislative  adj. 立法的, 立法机关的 n. 立法机关。参见1999 Passage 4 。legislation  （立法；法规）看作leg+is+lat(e)+ion，leg词根“法律”（参allegation宣称，2003年Text 2），is是，late迟的，-ion名词后缀，“法律是迟的”→旧法律难以适应新事物→所以要不断“立法”→“立法”之产物即“法规”。

难句解析：
①The latest was a panel from the National Academy of Sciences, enlisted by the White House, to tell us that the Earth's atmosphere is definitely warming and that the problem is largely man-made.
主干部分是The latest was a panel，表语panel后接有两个定语成分：from的介词短语和含enlisted的过去分词，即“白宫召集的、来自国家科学院的专家团”，其中第二个定语成分中又包含一个不定式结构，表目的，即“为了告诉我们……而召集的（专家团）”。
翻译：最近的行动是由白宫召集了一批来自国家科学院的专家团，他们告诉我们，地球气候毫无疑问正在变暖，而这个问题主要是人为造成的。
②But science does provide us with the best available guide to the future, and it is critical that out nation and the world base important policies on the best judgments that science can provide concerning the future consequences of present actions.”
该句子的主干是由and连接的两个并列从句，前一分句的主干是science…provide us with…guide；后一分句的主干是it is critical，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。从句的主干是our nation and the world base…policies on…judgments，judgments后接有两个定语结构，一是that引导的定语从句，一是concerning分词结构。
翻译：但是科学确实为我们的未来提供了最好的指导，关键是我们的国家和整个的世界在做重要决策时，应该以科学能够提供的关于人类现在的行为对未来影响最好的判断作为依据。
③Just as on smoking, voices now come from many quarters insisting that the science about global warming is incomplete, that it's Ok to keep pouring fumes into the air until we know for sure。
该句子的主干是voices now come from many quarters；句首Just as结构做比较状语，意为“正如…一样”；insisting 引导的分词结构做定语修饰主语voice，分词结构中含有两个并列的由that引导的宾语从句，第二个宾语从句的真实主语是不定式结构to keep…
翻译：就象吸烟问题一样，来自不同领域的声音坚持认为有关全球变暖的科学资料还不完整。
试题解析：
第二篇文章是一篇一般的时事性文章，这也是一篇类比，考完了以后很多考生说这篇文章讲抽烟，其实不是的，作者讲抽烟是想说明现在的温室效应，也是一种类比，许多人抽烟没有人去管，因为缺乏足够的证据,咱们各国政府也不管温室效应, 也是同样的原因。中心讲的是世界各个政府对温室效应的解决的态度，篇章的关键词围绕这样三个问题展开，第一个就是证据不充足。第二是科学的意义。第三是制定法律，尤其最后三段大量出现立法和法规的现象，
26题选C，
27应该选D，科学应该作为一个指导性，是答案是根据文章第2段的最后两句话。
28题是猜单词题，单词所在的句子的意思是有些人总要科学证据，结果抹杀了行动。所以选A。29答案选择D，采取某种法律措施，法律在最后的段落重复的最多。
30题作者谈的抽烟的教训对我们温室处理也是一样的，选B。
全文翻译：
还记得科学家们认为吸烟会致人死亡，而那些怀疑者们却坚持认为我们无法对此得出定论的时候吗？还记得怀疑者们坚持认为缺乏决定性的证据，科学也不确定的时候吗？还记得怀疑者们坚持认为反对吸烟的游说是为了毁掉我们的生活方式，而政府应该置身事外的时候吗？许多美国人相信了这些胡言乱语，在三十多年中，差不多有一千万烟民早早的进了坟墓。
现在出现了与吸烟类似的令人感到难过的事情。科学家们前仆后继，试图使我们意识到全球气候变暖所带来的日益严重的威胁。最近的行动是由白宫召集了一批来自国家科学院的专家团，他们告诉我们，地球气候毫无疑问正在变暖，而这个问题主要是人为造成的。明确的信息表明是我们应该立刻着手保护自己。国家科学院院长Bruce Alberts在专家团报告的前言中加上了这一重要观点：“科学解答不了所有问题。但是科学确实为我们的未来提供了最好的指导，关键是我们的国家和整个的世界在做重要决策时，应该以科学能够提供的关于人类现在的行为对未来影响最好的判断作为依据。
就象吸烟问题一样，来自不同领域的声音坚持认为有关全球变暖的科学资料还不完整。在我们证实这件事之前可以向大气中不断的排放气体。这是一个危险的游戏；到了有百分之百的证据的时候，可能就太晚了。随着风险越来越明显，并且不断增加，一个谨慎的民族现在应该准备一份保单了。
幸运的是，白宫开始关注这件事了。但是显然大多数总统顾问并没有认真看待全球气候变暖这个问题。他们没有出台行动计划，相反只是继续迫切要求进行更多的研究――这是一个经典的“分析导致麻痹案例”。
为了成为地球上有责任心的一员，我们必须积极

④ 一段英语阅读看不懂，帮忙翻译。

今天是礼拜天。天气很好，太阳很大，天空很蓝。现在是早上9点，在一座山上有个运动会专。看，一匹马属，一只鹿，还有一只猫在跑步，跑的很快。在另外一边，一只狗和两只老虎在跳高，它们一个接着一个地跳。两只猴子在爬树。四只鸟在边飞边唱，它们很高兴能够看这场比赛。当然，那里还有很多动物在观看。大象站在一个房子边看，一只猴子坐在一只大象身上看，猴子手上有一面旗子。一只狐狸，一个熊猫宝宝，还有一些小动物坐在树下看。他们都对这个比赛很感兴趣。

给我加分哦～很累的类～～嘻嘻

⑤ 高中英语阅读理解解题小技巧

高中英语阅读理解解题小技巧

高中英语阅读理解正确的选项往往是命题人员把阅读材料的内容或信息用不同的语言形式再现出来。下面我为你整理了高中英语阅读理解解题小技巧，希望对您有所帮助!

1.阅读理解答案与干扰项

一般而言，高中英语阅读理解答案项的设置有以下几种方法：

(1)选用原文中的词句;

(2)使用原文词句的同义词或相似结构;

(3)使用原文词句的反义词或相反结构;

(4)答案项是对生词、长句或难旬的解释;

(5)答案项是对原文词句或段落的归纳、推理或演绎;

(6)使用原文的上下义结构。

2.混淆思维

高中英语阅读理解命题者把文章作者的观点与他人的观点混淆起来，题干问的是作者的观点，选项中出现的却是他人的观点;或者题干问的是他人的`观点，却把作者的观点放到高中英语阅读理解选项中去。

3.偷梁换柱

高中英语阅读理解干扰项用了与原文相似的句型结构和大部分相似的词汇，却在不易引人注意的地方换了几个英语词汇，造成高中英语阅读理解句意的改变。

4.无中生有

高中英语阅读理解干扰项往往是生活的基本常识和普遍接受的观点，但在原文中并无相关的信息支持点，这种高中英语阅读理解选项的设置往往与问题的设问毫不相干。

5.以偏概全

考生在做高中英语阅读理解时，往往会犯以偏概全的错误。产生这类错误的原因是考生受思维定势的影响或考虑不周，以局部代替整体。

不合理关联就是表层理解与深层理解相混淆。表层理解是对文章中客观事实的感知和记忆，往往是高中英语阅读理解直接表述的结论;深层理解则是对文章中的客观事实进行逻辑推理、总结或概括后得出的结论。

高中英语阅读理解例题解析

Since the dawn of human ingenuity,people have devised ever more cunning tools to cope with work that is dangerous,boring,burdensome,or just plain nasty.That compulsion has resulted in robotics—the science of conferring various human capabilities on machines. And if scientists have yet to create the mechanical version of science fiction,they have begun to come close.

As a result,the modern world is increasingly populated by intelligent gizmos whose presence we barely notice but whose universal existence has removed much human labor.Our factories hum to the rhythm of robot assembly arms.Our banking is done at automated teller terminals that thank us with mechanical politeness for the transaction.Our subway trains are controlled by tireless robot-drivers.And thanks to the continual miniaturization of electronics and micro-mechanics,there are already robot systems that can perform some kinds of brain and bone surgery with submillimeter accuracy—far greater precision than highly skilled physicians can achieve with their hands alone.

But if robots are to reach the next stage of laborsaving utility, they will have to operate with less human supervision and be able to make at least a few decisions for themselves—goals that pose a real challenge.“While we know how to tell a robot to handle a specific error,”says Dave Lavery, manager of a robotics program at NASA,“we can't yet give a robot enough‘common sense’to reliably interact with a dynamic world.”

Indeed the quest for true artificial intelligence has proced very mixed results. Despite a spell of initial optimism in the 1960s and 1970s when it appeared that transistor circuits and microprocessors might be able to the action of the human brain by the year 2010, researchers lately have begun to extend that forecast by decades if not centuries.

What they found,in attempting to model thought,is that the human brain's roughly one hundred billion nerve cells are much more talented—and human perception far more complicated — than previously imagined.They have built robots that can recognize the error of a machine panel by a fraction of a millimeter in a controlled factory environment. But the human mind can glimpse a rapidly changing scene and immediately disregard the 98 percent that is irrelevant,instantaneously focusing on the monkey at the side of a winding forest road or the single suspicious face in a big crowd.The most advanced computer systems on Earth can't approach that kind of ability,and neuroscientists still don't know quite how we do it.

26.Human ingenuity was initially demonstrated in人类的创造性最初表现在

[A]the use of machines to proce science fiction.用机器来创作科幻小说。

[B]the wide use of machines in manufacturing instry.制造业对机器的广泛使用。

[C]the invention of tools for difficult and dangerous work.

发明工具以处理困难和危险的工作。

[D]the elite’s cunning tackling of dangerous and boring work.

精英人士对危险和枯燥的工作的巧妙的处理。

【答案】C

【考点】事实细节题。

【分析】通过“Human ingenuity”和“initially”可以定位到第一段开始。“从人类产生智慧初期至今，人们一直在设计越来越巧妙的工具来应付那些危险的、枯燥的、繁重的或者直接就是肮脏的工作。”由于讲的是人类最初的创造力，因此可以排除[A]、[B]、[D]。

27.The word“gizmos" (Line 1,Paragraph2)most probably means

单词“gizmos”(第二段第一行)最有可能的意思是

[A]programs.程序。[B]experts.专家。

[C]devices.设备。[D]creatures.生物。

【答案】C

【考点】词义题。

【分析】本题虽然考查的是词义，但是显然不是希望考生通过储备更大的词汇来回答，而是希望考生能够利用文中出现的细节来推断这个单词的意思。第二段第一句的意思说“由此引起的结果是，现代世界已经充斥着越来越多的智能 ____ ，尽管我们几乎都注意不到它们，但它们的普遍存在却节省了许多人类劳力。”然后作者提及到了“工厂机械手”、“自动柜员机”以及“机器人驾驶员”等等。由此我们可以认定这些设施都是对“gizmo”的例举和解释。而这几样东西具有一个共同的特征，即它们都是“工具”。相比四个选项，只有[C]最合适。

28.According to the text,what is beyond man's ability now is to design a robot that can

根据本文，现在超越人类能力范围的是设计一种能________的机器人。

[A]fulfill delicate tasks like performing brain surgery.

完成诸如脑手术这样的精细的工作。

[B]interact with human beings verbally.

与人类进行口头交流。

[C]have a little common sense.

有一些常识。

[D]respond independently to a changing world.

对一个变化的世界独立应付。

【答案】D

【考点】事实细节题。

【分析】根据“超越人类能力”这个关键信息，我们可以定位到第三段中“Dave Lavery”的第二句话，即“we can’t yet give a robot enough‘common sense’to reliably interact with a dynamic world”。因为该句中的“dynamic”就是“动态的、变化的”意思，因此我们可以判定答案[D]是正确的。[A]文中已经提及。[B]的例子就是“自动柜员机”。[C]可以在第三段最后一句“我们不能给他足够的常识”中找到被排除的依据。

29.Besides recing human labor,robots can also

除了减少人类劳动，机器人还能够

[A]make a few decisions for themselves.为自己做几个决策。

[B]deal with some errors with human intervention.通过人类干预处理一些错误。

[C]improve factory environments.改善工厂环境。

[D]cultivate human creativity.培养人的创造性。

【答案】B

【考点】事实细节题。

【分析】本题要求考生寻找机器人还能够从事什么工作，这就需要对四个选项进行比较。寻找答案。[A]提到机器人能够为自己做几个决策，通过“decision”这个单词可以定位到第三段第一句话“但是如果机器人要进入节省劳力的下一个阶段，他们必须能够在更少的人工监控下运行，并且至少能够独立地做一些决定”，这句话表明，目前机器人还不能独立做一些决定。[B]的意思符合第三段第三句，“虽然我们知道如何让机器人去纠正一个特定的错误”。至于[C]，文中提到机器人是受环境控制的，而不是反之。[D]的说法也反了。

30.The author uses the example of a monkey to argue that robots are

作者使用猴子的例子，为的是说机器人

[A]expected to human brain in internal structure.

被期望复制人脑内部结构。

[B]able to perceive abnormalities immediately.

能够立即觉察到不正常情况。

[C]far less able than human brain in focusing on relevant information.

在聚焦相关信息方面远远不如人类。

[D]best used in a controlled environment.

最适合在受控环境下使用。

【答案】C

【考点】作者意图题。

【分析】作者最后一段提到“猴子”这个例子，是考查文章最后一段的理解。由于文章举这个例子就是为了说明计算机虽然功能强大，但是仍然无法和人脑的复杂性相比，因为人脑看一眼迅速变化的场景就能够迅速的排除不相干的信息，立即把注意力集中到蜿蜒的森林小路边的一只猴子，这一点计算机是做不到的。因此，可以判断[C]正确。