英语阅读理解搞笑图

『壹』 英语阅读理解题（卡通文章），求高人指点！

8.B
9.A

我是这么理解的，第八题A选项，帮助另一个男同学，这确实是一个帮助的过程，但是不是重点，所以排除。C选项是trick another boy 欺骗另外一个男孩子，很明显不是这样的，你看第9道题，题干中说的是think it is a trick question.也就是说Ginger是真的认为这是一道陷阱题，没有要欺骗同学的意思。所以C选项排除。D选项，laugh about fool answers 那当然这个回答很愚蠢，但是重点也不是我们要嘲笑这个答案38多好笑，而是Ginger他的行为，整个和后座一起作弊的故事很好玩，体现了这孩子很可爱很好笑。所以选择B

第九题，那我们已经排除了是Ginger知道答案，故意不告诉后面的男生。然后看A Ginger is wrong,没错，而且 他还没懂这道题，因为问的是首都，他理解成陷阱题，所以我认为他不仅答案错了，他还没懂这道题。然后看B，他猜了一个答案，并且想要炫耀。错在这个答案并不是猜的，是Ginger经过自己严密的推理认定这是陷阱题之后很自信的给出的答案。他确实在炫耀，但是这个答案不是他猜的，他是有理由的。所以B和D都排除了，然后看C，不理解问题，这也错了，因为他不但理解了，他还理解成陷阱题了。

以上是我自己的想法。对于这种题目考试的时候怎么办，我相信考试这种题目是不多的，所以认真看过漫画之后呢，要一个一个选项的去推理，就用最简单的思想，不要去深想不要猜测，感觉有问题的选项马上划掉，排除法选出正确答案。如果时间不够，其实最好跳过这一大题，因为这很耗时间准确率也会比较低，所以先把别的有把握的分数拿到手之后，安安心心回来做题。来不及了就随便写两个一样的答案，选择题还是有可能猜对的。

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~欢迎追问！望采纳！

『贰』 急求四年级的英语趣味阅读题

急求四年级的英语趣味阅读题

Today is Saterday.We're not going to the school.But we're busy.Look!My mother is cleaning the window.My father is washing the car.My sister is sweeping the floor.My brother is washing the clothes.I'm doing the dishes.
We're relly busy!!!

求四年级英语阅读题！

1.
My name is Tom. My birthday is June 2nd. The weather is sunny and hot. It’s my favourite season. On my birthday, I usually have a birthday party. Sometimes we have a piic. Tomorrow is my birthday. I am cleaning the room now. My mom is making a birthday cake for me.
根据上面短文的意思判断下面的句子是否正确，正确的在句子前面的括号里打“√”，不正确的打“×”
( )1.Tom’s birthday is on Children’s Day.
( )2.It’s warm and sunny in summer.
( )3. Today is June 1st.
( )4. Tom’s mother can make a birthday cake.
( )5.Usually there is a birthday party on Tom’s birthday.
2.
Look!This is a picture of Mr.Brown't family. The man in a biack coat is Mr.Brown.The woman near him is Mrs.Brown,The little girl in a red coat is Sue. The tall boy behind her is Jim,her brother.The family is now in China.Tomorrow is Children's Day.MR brown wants to buy some presents for his children. Sue wants a new skirt,but Jim wants a new bike. How happy they are!
1.Whose picture is this?
____________________________________________.
2.Where's the family now?
____________________________________________.
3.Who is the little girl in a red coat?
____________________________________________.
4.What presents do Mr Brown's children want to buy?
____________________________________________.
5.Which festival is tomorrow?
____________________________________________.
3.
Betty and KittyBetty and Kitty are ins. They’re 12 years old. They look the same. But they have different hobbies. Betty likes collecting stamps. She has many beautiful stamps. They’re from different cities and countries. But Kitty likes growing flowers. The flowers are all very beautiful.Betty and Kitty both like reading books. Betty likes reading storybooks. But Kitty likes reading science books.On Sunday,they usually ride bikes to the park. They can play with their friends there. Sometimes their parents go there, too.
根据短文内容，判断下列句子的正误，正确的写“T”，错误的写“F”。( ) 1. Betty is Kitty’s sister.
( ) 1. Betty likes growing flowers.
( ) 2. Kitty likes reading storybooks.
( ) 3. They’re elve years old.
( ) 4. They usually take a bus to the park on Saturday.
4.
Lovely pandas’faces look like cats’, but their fat bodies and short tails are like bears’. Pandas are very lovely and they are friendly to people. People likes them very much.Most Pandas live in China. The northwestern part ofSichuan Province(省) and southern part of Gansu Province are their hometowns. Pandas like to climb trees. They usually live in the forests of high mountains, eat bamboo and drink spring water.
根据短文的意思，选出正确的答案。
( )1. The panda mainly lives in.
A. America B. Shanghai C. London D. China
( )2. Is like a cat’s.
A. The panda B. The panda’s face C. The panda’s body D. The panda’s tail
( )3. Where are the pandas’ hometowns? A. Guangdong and Gansu. B. Sichuan and Suzhou.C. Gansu and Sichuan D. Hubei and Sichuan
( )4. What’s the panda’s main food? A. Rice. B. Meat. C. Bamboo. D. Grass.
5.
Four Good FriendsMary, Nancy, Ron and Kate are good friends. Mary’s favorite number is 3 and her favorite country is France. 16 is Nancy’s number, and America is her favorite country. Ron likes Japan very much. 30 is his favorite number. Whose favorite number is 60? Oh, it is Kate. Kate’s father works in Chinese food very much and they also like Chinese people. Kate’s lucky number is 6. All of them hope that one day they can travel the world together.
阅读短文，回答问题。
1. What’s Mary’s favorite number?
2. What’s Nancy’s favorite country?
3. What’s Kate’s father’s job?
4. Does Kate like Chinese food?
6.
Hello. My name is Millie. I’m thirteen years old. I’m a good boy. I often play volleyball so .I’m fit and healthy. For breakfast, I always have some bread and an egg and I drink a glass of orange juice. I sometimes have rice with fish and an apple for lunch. I really love apples, because “An apple a day keeps the doctor away（离开）”. In the evening, I sometimes have a glass of milk or a cup of green tea and some biscuits. For dinner, I often have soup, meat and vegetables. I like vegetables because they are fresh and healthy. They are good for me. Look at me! How tall and strong I am now!
( )Millie is 14 this year.
( )Millie likes football very much.
( )Millie often drinks orange juice for breakfast.
( )Millie likes apples because they’re healthy.
( )I often have vegetables for dinner.
7.
Zip:What’s your favourite food, Zoom?
Zoom:I like beef, but I’m heavy now. I have to eat vegetables. What about you, Zip?
Zip:I like chicken. It’s tasty. Do you like fruits, Zoom.
Zoom:Yes, carrot juice is my favourite It’s fresh and healthy.
Zip:I like fruits. But I don’t like strawberries. They’re sour.
1、Beef is Zoom’s favowrite food.（ ）
2、Zoom can eat a let of meat.（ ）
3、Zoom likes carrot juice because it’s fresh and healthy.（ ）
4、Zip likes strawberries because they’re sour.（ ）
5、Zip’s favourite food is chicken.（ ）
8.
Jane is a student. She is fifteen. She lives with her parents and her grandfather. Her grandfather is seventy years old. He has got a backache. He needs to see a doctor. But Jane’s parents are very busy. Her father is a policeman. Her mother is a teacher. So Jane wants to go to hospital with her grandfather after school. She hopes her grandfather gets better soon.
（ ）1. What’s Jane’s job?
A. A teacher B. A policewoman C. A student
（ ）2. Who needs to see a doctor?
A. Jane B. Jane’s parents C. Jane’s grandfather
9
Liu Tao: Hi, Mike. Nice to see you.
Mike: Nice to see you, too. Liu Tao.
Liu Tao: What day is it today?
Mike: It’s Thursday. What lessons do you have in this morning?
Liu Tao: We have Maths, Chinese, Art, and Science.
Mike: Oh, I like PE very much. But we don’t have PE today.
Liu Tao: We have PE and Computer Studies this afternoon.
Mike: Great! Do you like PE?
Liu Tao: No, I don’t. I like English very much. Tomorrow we will have an English lesson in the morning.
Mike: It’s time for class. Let’s go!
阅读理解，并判断。
( )1. Liu Tao has PE in the afternoon.
( )2. Liu Tao has six lessons today.
( )3. Liu Tao doesn’t like English.
( )4. Liu Tao will have English lesson on Friday morning.
10
Mr Brown lives in a nice house in a *** all town with his wife(妻子) , Mrs Brown. From Monday to Friday he works in an office near his house. He is free on Saturdays and Sundays. He has a nice garden beside his house. He likes growing flowers and he often works in the garden on Saturdays and Sundays. The flowers are very beautiful and Mrs Brown likes them very much. She often helps Mr Brown.
( )1. Mr Brown lives in _________with his wife.
A. a city B. a *** all town C. a big town
( )2. He works_________ days a week in his office.
A. four B. five C. six
( )3. He isn’t _________on Saturdays and Sundays.
A. free B. busy C. happy
( )4. He likes _________ on Saturdays and Sundays.
A. working in his garden B. walking in his gardon
C. looking at his garden
( )5. Mrs Brown _________ the flowers.
A. like B. doesn’t like C. often helps

四年级阅读题。急！

在人类的语言中，最激动人心的字眼是什么？
我可以用两幅画来回答这个问题：一个十四岁的男孩提着旅行箱下楼来，他走到母亲的房门前，放下提箱，走进去。这个男孩很久以前就立志要遨游四海，现在离别的时刻已经来到，他向母亲辞行。他知道她不愿意他离去。他端详著母亲那熟悉的愁容，因为近年来她的眼睛逐渐失明了。他也注意到母亲那掩饰不住的悲伤。他再也不忍心了，就走出房门，提起旅行箱走上楼去，继续留在家中。第一幅画面的是一个人骑着马，站在校园的一棵榆树下。他将率领他的同胞为争独立自由而站，他就是美国的第一任总统。那个男孩“变成”了这个人。
另一张图画是：在新罕布什尔州的腓力艾西特学院的校园中，有一个十二岁的男孩在哭泣，因为他受到同学的讥笑很想回家。他穿着一身怪异的衣服，那是他母亲缝制的，上面沾满油污。因为他的衣服与众不同，所以同学都嘲笑他。他想回家的另一个主要原因是：下星期五他不敢上台演讲，他知道他父亲为了送他上学已经把农场抵押，他也晓得若想成功就必须受教育，但是他仍然想回家，因为不敢上台演讲而哭泣。第二幅画画的是下个超群出众的人，现在他站在元老院的大厅中，将要起草美国史上最伟大的文献之一——独立宣言。那个哭哭啼啼的男孩“变成”了这个人。
这就是我们的答案，这个伟大的激动人心的字眼就是“变成”，青年的伟大不在于他做了什么，而在于他“将变成什么”。展现在青年面前的是掩映在迷濛的晨雾中那充满著光明和惊奇的未来。
1.少年并没有离去，特继续留在家中，你知道是什么原因吗？换上是你呢？
2.在第一幅画中，那个少年变成了什么？简单表述以下这幅画。
3.那个12岁的男孩为什么哭泣？更重要的原因呢？
4.第二福中的那个“超群出众”的人准备干什么？想想此时的他会是怎样的神态？
5.最伟大的激动人心的自言是什么？你是怎样理解这个字眼的？
答案：
1答：少年变没有离去，是因为放心不下，他那失眠的母亲。因为少年知道，如果他这么一走。他的母亲生活将变的非常辛苦，因为那几乎快失眠的眼睛。
2答：在第一幅画中，那个少年变成了美国第一任总统。
他就是乔治·华盛顿（1732—1799）是美国第一任总统，美国独立战争时期大陆军总司令，他领导美国人民取得了独立战争的胜利。华盛顿作为
美国大种植园主和新兴资产阶级利益的著名代表人物，对美利坚合众国的诞生、发展有着巨大的贡献，被美国民众称为“国父”。也正如亨利·李所说：“ 战争的第一人，和平中的第一人，他的同胞中的第一人”乔治·华盛顿作为一位资产阶级革命家、军事家、政治家，在世界历史上占有卓越的地位。
3答：因为那12岁的小男孩，家境比较穷买不起新的衣服，所以觉得如果这样上台会被人取笑，会被人议论纷纷。这样会使得他心灵上备受打击，所以放弃了自己的荣誉而哭泣！
4答：所谓的超群出众的人应该就是指，所谓的领导人吧，他此刻的心态应该是想带领人们走向自由不在被压迫吧.
5答：感觉伟大不是自己说出来的，是要别人承认你是个伟大的人，这才是真正的伟大吧

四年级上册语趣味阅读成语接龙第二条

• 成语（chengyu,idioms）是中国汉字语言词汇中一部分定型的片语或短句。成语是中国传统文化的一大特色，有固定的结构形式和固定的说法，表示一定的意义，在语句中是作为一个整体来应用的。成语有很大一部分是从古代相承沿用下来的，在用词方面往往不同于现代汉语，它代表了一个故事或者典故。 成语又是一种现成的话，跟习用语、谚语相近，但是也略有区别。成语是汉文化中一颗璀璨的明珠。

• 成语，众人皆说，成之于语，故成语。

小学英语四年级阅读题

父爱陷阱
那年，他随父亲去狩猎，不慎掉进陷阱。突如其来的一阵黑暗，使他无法适应。他拼命挣扎，拼命呼喊父亲，但是这一切都是徒劳的。他清楚，不久前，父亲出猎时，耳朵受了伤，一直没康复。他所有的呼喊，父亲可能真的听不到。
可是，他居然看见井口边，父亲正在伸头探望。他喜出望外，挥动双手，大声地喊著，爹，我在这儿！爹，我在这儿！父亲还是没听见。也许是陷阱内的光线太暗，父亲看了一会儿，没发现他，就转身离开了。那一刻，他急得哭了。
他沿着井壁走了一周，没发现任何能攀援的地方，要想离开陷阱，凭他的能力，几乎是不可能的。他绝望地坐在地上，等待救援。时间一分一秒地过去，他期待着父亲能早点再找到这里，并能发现他。
井下昏暗潮溼，坐在井底，他感到了阵阵寒意。更糟糕的是，他感觉肚子前所未用地饥饿。父亲一时找不到他，可能回村里喊救兵了。他意识到，即使父亲能以最快的速度赶回来，也需要两天的时间，那么，他能坚持两天吗？而他现在唯一能做的，只有耐心地等待。
周边非常安静，他知道，夜幕开始降临了。忽然，他听到一阵窸窸窣窣的声音，好像是井边的草丛在响，可能是危险动物向井边靠近了。他无法想象，即使是一只常见的獾子，跟他同时窝在一个陷阱内，后果也难以接受。更何况在森林里，危险的动物不计其数。
他提起警觉，掏出那把猎刀，作好了随时跟动物拼命的准备。幸运的是那声音一会儿又消失了--动物可能转个方向离开了。他松了一口气，再次坐到地上。
没多久，困意向他袭来，他闭上了眼睛。忽然那声音再次响起，他重新提高了警惕。他意识到，在井内比在任何地方都危险，他没有退路，他必须时刻保持清醒。但是坚持不了多久，他又松懈了，只有听到井口的声音，他才又振作起来。
夜深了，他不再指望父亲能来救他。如果父亲真的不来，那么，他将永远被困在井内。对于他来说，等待或许才是最危险的。想到这里，他再次站起来，沿着井壁寻找出路。他发现，井壁其实都是些松软的泥土，他掏出猎刀，在井壁上挖出阶梯，挖一步，向上爬一步。他相信，只要他能坚持住，不久就可以爬出陷阱。
他终于成功了！当他爬到井口时，黎明的霞光正照射过来，明亮而美丽。他几乎耗尽了所有力气，一 *** 坐在草地上。
突然，他一跃而起，好像踩上了毒蛇一般--他发现了父亲！父亲竟然就站在一棵大树后面，静静地看着他，身边的草丛凌乱不堪。那一刻，他几乎气晕了--父亲竟然一直守在井口，任由他在井内痛苦地挣扎。他没想到父亲竟然如此冷漠绝情。
父亲满脸憔悴，看到他，显得非常兴奋，赶忙跑过来拥抱他。
他一把将父亲推开，气急败坏地说，我没有你这个见死不救的父亲！
父亲伸出的手僵住了，愣了愣，显得很愧疚。父亲说，对不起。
他说，你知道，我在井里多么期盼着你来救我；而你，竟然就一直守在井口看着我痛苦。
父亲说，我知道你掉入陷阱，但是，我也知道，凭你的能力，能顺利爬出陷阱。因为井壁的土质很松软，只要有把猎刀就能顺利爬出来，而你身上就有一把猎刀。整个晚上，我守在井口，一步不敢离开，因为随时会有动物靠近陷阱。为了提醒你，我不得不用脚踩草丛，制造声音，幸运的是，昨天晚上一直没有任何动物出现。我知道，你习惯了等待救助，但是，更多的情况下，你等不到救援你必须学会自救！这便是我挖这口陷阱的初衷。
他的双眼溼润了，他理解了父亲的苦心。他扑进父亲怀里，说，爹，对不起！父亲拥抱着他，开心地笑了。
那年，他才十三岁，却一夜间成熟得像个老猎人。

四年级英语阅读笔记

先快速略读，把不认识的单词列一个单词表，自己查词典了解意思用法然后背背记记，再看内容，最后整理一下常用片语
这是我们大学里的做法，呵呵，对四年级可能要求有点高，总之在之前要把生单词了解一下，边读边查边做笔记很影响对内容的理解

小学四年级的英语趣味小故事附中文

The Wolf and the Lamb 狼与小羊
WOLF, meeting with a Lamb astray from the fold, resolved not to lay violent hands on him, but to find some plea to justify to the Lamb the Wolf's right to eat him. He thus addressed him:"Sirrah, last year you grossly insulted me." "Indeed," bleated the Lamb in a mournful tone of voice, "I was not then born." Then said the Wolf , "You feed in my pasture." "No, good sir," replied the Lamb, "I have not yet tasted grass." Again said the Wolf, "You drink of my well." "No," exclaimed the Lamb, "I never yet drank water, for as yet my mother's milk is both food and drink to me." Upon which the Wolf seized him and ate him up, saying, "Well! I won't remain supperless, even though you refute every one of my imputations."
The tyrant will always find a pretext for his tyranny.
一只小羊在河边喝水，狼见到后，便想找一个名正言顺的借口吃掉他。于是他跑到上游，恶狠狠地说小羊把河水搅浑浊了，使他喝不到清水。小羊回答说，他仅仅站在河边喝水，并且又在下游，根本不可能把上游的水搅浑。狼见此计不成，又说道：“我父亲去年被你骂过。”小羊说，那时他还没有出生。狼对他说：“不管你怎样辩解，反正我不会放过 你。”
这说明，对恶人做任何正当的辩解也是无效的。

谁有四年级的下册数学趣味题？

有3个人去投宿,
一晚30元.
三个人每人掏了10元凑够30元交给了老板.
后来老板说今天优惠只要25元就够了,
拿出5元命令服务生退还给他们,
服务生偷偷藏起了2元,
然后,
把剩下的3元钱分给了那三个人,
每人分到1元.
这样,
一开始每人掏了10元,
现在又退回1元,
也就是10-1=9,
每人只花了9元钱,
3个人每人9元,
3 X 9 = 27元 + 服务生藏起的2元=29元，
还有一元钱去了哪里？？

四年级的英语题

The lady doesn't walk on the road.
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『叁』 求一篇初中的英语阅读理解（译林，很搞笑的）

Men have a way to work was doing good fight, because the hands holding him for a woman over what has been blown down from the skirt, and then thought that she likes him by the wind, the kind-hearted enough to help her put her skirt pulled up

『肆』 关于搞笑的英语短文阅读

随着全球化经济步伐的加快和跨文化交流的频繁,专业英语能力成为了高等专门人才的必备能力素质。本文是关于搞笑的英语短文，希望对大家有帮助!

关于搞笑的英语短文：谁最懒 Who Is the Laziest

Father: Well, Tom, I asked to your teacher today, and now I want to ask you a question. Who is the laziest person in your class?

Tom: I don't know, father.

Father: Oh, yes, you do! Think! When other boys and girls are doing and writing, who sits in the class and only watches how other people work?

Tom: Our teacher, father.

中文：

父亲：哎，汤姆，今天我跟你们老师谈顷敬雀过，现在我想问你个问题。你们班上谁最懒?

汤姆：我不知道，爸爸。

父亲：啊，不对，你知道!想想看，当别的孩子们都在做作业、写字时，谁在课堂上坐着，只是看人家做功课?

汤姆：我们老师，爸爸。

关于搞笑的英语短文：Things Have Been Okay.

A young couple was becoming anxious about their four-year-old son, who had not yet talked. They took him to specialists, but the doctors found nothing wrong with him.

Then one morning at breakfast the boy suddenly blurted, "Mom, the toast is burned."

"You talked! You talked!" shouted his mother. "I'm so happy! But why has it taken this long."

"Well, up till now," said the boy, "things have been okay."

中文：

一对年轻的夫妇对于他们四岁的儿子仍然不会说话这件事非常着急。他们带他去看专家，但是医生们找不出任何不正常的地方。

之后有一天早上，这个男孩突然说道：“妈妈，面包拷糊了。”

“你说话了!你说话了!”他的妈妈嚷道。“我真高兴!但是为什么要我们等这么长的时间呢?”

“嗯，直到现在，”男孩说，“每件事都很正常啊。”

关于搞笑的英语短文：欺骗的代价 The Revenge

Old Farmer Johnson was dying. The family was standing around his bed. With a low voice he said to his wife: "When I'm dead I want you to marry farmer Jones."

Wife: "No, I can't marry anyone after you."

Johnson: "But I want you to."

雀早Wife: "But why?"

Johnson: "Jones once cheated me in a horse deal!"稿配

译文：

老农约翰逊就要死了。他的家人都站在床边。他声音低沉地对妻子说：“我死后，我想你嫁给农夫琼斯。”

妻子说：“不，在你死后，我不能嫁给任何人。”

约翰逊：“但我希望你这么做。”

妻子：“为什么?”

约翰逊：“因为琼斯曾在一笔贩马的交易中欺骗了我。”

『伍』 英语阅读理解求解

谁是世上最好的推销员？

哈里念完了大学，想在城里找一份工作。有一天，他看到一个窗口的广告。它说：「诚聘，世界上最好的推销员。高薪。」
「我是一个伟大的推销员」，哈利对自己说。 「我敢肯定，我可以卖任何东西，我就进去应聘这份工作。」
所以，哈里就走进乱余了大楼。在里面他见到了一个经理。他对那位经理说：「早上好，我看到你们的广告，我认为我是世界上最好的推销员，请雇用我吧，谢谢。」
「你必须证明你是最好的」，经理说。
「你给我测试，我一定通过」，哈利说。
「好」，经理说，他从办公桌唯慎里掏出一盒糖果。 「这糖果上周我买了一千盒，如果你能在本周结束之前把它们全卖掉，你就能得到这份工作。」
「这很简单」，哈利说。
他把那糖果拿去，就离开了办公室。
每一天，一整天，他从这家店走到那家店，竭力想推销糖果。但他一盒也没卖哗山滚出去。这些糖果真差劲，连送人都不要。
一周结束了，他又回见那位经理。 「对不起，先生」，他说。 「我错了，我不是世界上最好的售货员，但我知道那人是谁。」
「哦」，经理说。 「那你认为最好的是谁？」
「那位把一千盒糖果卖给你的人。」

~~~~~~~~纯人手翻译，欢迎采纳~~~~~~~~

原文如下：

Who Is the Best Salesman in the World?
Harry finished his college and wanted to find a job in the city. One day he saw an advertisement in a window. It said, "Wanted. The best salesman in the world. Top Pay."
"I'm a great salesman," Harry said to himself. "I'm sure that I can sell anything. I'll go in and ask for that job."
So Harry went into the building. He saw a manager in it. He said to the manager, "Good morning. I saw your advertisement. I think I'm the best salesman in the world. Give me the job, please."
"You must prove that you're the best, " the manager said.
"I'll pass every test that you give me," Harry said.
"Good," the manager said, and he took a box of sweets out of his desk. "Last week I bought a thousand boxes of this sweets. If you can sell them all before the end of the week, you can have the job."
"That's easy," Harry said.
He took the boxes of sweets and left the office.
Every day and all day he went from shop to shop, trying to sell boxes of the sweets. But he couldn't sell one. The sweets were so bad that he couldn't even give them away.
At the end of the week he went back to the manager. "I'm sorry, sir," he said. "I was wrong about myself. I'm not the best salesman in the world, but I know who is."
"Oh," said the manager. "Who do you think is the best?"
"The person who sold you a thousand boxes of the sweets."

1. The manager told Harry_________.
答案：D. he must show he was the best salesman in the world
参考原文："You must prove that you're the best, " the manager said.

2. Harry could get the job if_________.
答案：A. he sold a thousand boxes of sweets
参考原文：If you can sell them all before the end of the week, you can have the job.

3. Harry thought it was easy to sell the sweets because_________.
答案：A. he thought he was a great salesman and he could sell anything
参考原文：Harry said to himself. "I'm sure that I can sell anything. I'll go in and ask for that job."

4. Harry couldn't sell the sweets because_________.
答案：B. the sweets were too bad
参考原文：The sweets were so bad that he couldn't even give them away.

5. From the story we know that_________.
答案：D. Harry got the job
参考原文：I was wrong about myself. I'm not the best salesman in the world.

『陆』 英语阅读课思维导图

英语阅读课思维导图

思维导图是一种放射性思维方法,可提升思考技巧,大幅增强记忆力、组织力与创造力。下面是我整理的英语阅读课中的思维导图，有兴趣的朋友可以阅读参考一下!

【思维导图在初中英语阅读教学中的运用】

【摘 要】 本文以人教版英语教材“Go for It!”八年级上、下册的若干阅读教学设计片段为例，介绍了在阅读教学实践中如何以图式理论为指导，运用思维导图在读前、读中和读后阶段对英语阅读课进行规划设计，以促使学生在阅读的整个过程中调用语言、内容和形式三种图式有效地理解课文内容，从而促进阅读能力的提高，并通过阅读发展说和写的能力。

【关键词】图式;图式理论;阅读;阅读教学;思维导图

一、引言

《义务教育英语课程标准(2011年版)》(教育部，2012)提出阅读是一种语言技能，是一种理解的技能，是构成语言运用能力的重要组成部分;在九年义务教育阶段的学习结束时，学生要能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系;能找出文章中的主题，理解故事的情节，预测故事情节的发展和可能的结局;能根据不同的阅读目的运用简单的阅读策略获取信息。阅读教学的目的是提高学生的阅读能力，并发展学生的说和写的能力，而图式理论的指导和思维导图的运用能有效地促进学生阅读能力的提高。

图式理论从图式的角度解释阅读理解的过程(Carrell & Eisterhold, 1983)。图式就是知识在大脑中的储存单位，是人们已有的各种知识的总和以及与此联系的认知格局和模式。人们处理外界的任何信息都需要调用大脑中的图式，并依据图式来解释、预测、组织、吸收外界的信息。根据图式理论，阅读能力由三种图式决定，即语言图式、内容图式和形式图式。语言图式是指读者先前的语言知识，即关于语音、词汇和语法等方面的知识。内容图式是指读者对文章主题的熟悉程度，即狭义的背景知识。形式图式是指读者对文章体裁和篇章结构的了解程度，特定的内容需要特定的结构来进行有效的表达。因此阅读理解不仅受到文章的语言和内容的影响，还受到文章结构的影响。如果教师在英语阅读教学中能有效地激发学生的这三种图式，就能提高学生的阅读能力(何广铿，2001)。而思维导图是一种强有力的图形技术，它可应用于阅读、研究和学习等各方面，释放出大脑的真正潜力(东尼·博赞，2009a)。

思维导图是英国学者东尼·博赞依据大脑的放射性特点发明的一种可视性的、发散性的思维工具。它是一种将思想图像化的技巧，也是将知识结构图像化的过程，它利用色彩、图画、代码和多维度层次等图文并茂的形式来增强记忆效果(东尼·博赞、巴利·博赞，2009)。思维导图通常将某一主题置于中央位置，主题的主干作为分支向四周放射，每条分支上使用一个关键词，各分支形成一个连接的节点结构，整个图形看上去就像人的神经网络图(东尼·博赞，2005)。网络图可以充分体现文章的层次和脉络结构，即形式图式;位于中央位置的主题词和主干位置的关键词体现了文章的内容话题，即内容图式;分支下的关键词信息体现了文章的细节，充分关注了文章的语言知识，即语言图式。思维导图的运用能发散学生的思维，有效地激发、丰富和巩固阅读过程中所需的语言图式、内容图式和形式图式。

二、图式理论的指导与思维导图的运用

在英语阅读教学中，笔者以图式理论为指导，运用思维导图对阅读课的读前、读中和读后三个阶段进行规划设计。下面以人教版英语教材“Go for It!”的三个阅读教学设计片段为例对思维导图在阅读课中的运用进行介绍。

1. 读前环节

读前任务的目的是使学生通过搜集、了解与所要阅读材料相关的信息，激活头脑中的背景知识，预测文中将要涉及的内容等(祖瑞，2011)。学生对文章主题越熟悉，阅读理解的难度就越小。现以八年级上册Unit 5 “Do You Want to Watch a Game Show?”中Section B 2b阅读教学的读前设计为例展示思维导图的运用。

笔者先在黑板上画出图1，并与学生展开对话，然后在对话的过程中绘制出图2。师生对话如下(加下划线的词汇表示课文中的新词汇或关键词)：

图1

T: I've drawn a cartoon character on the blackboard. Do you know who it is?

Ss: Yes, it is Mickey.

T: What do you know about Mickey?

S1: It is a black mouse with two large round ears.

T: Yes, it is easy to draw it on the blackboard. It is quite simple. What else do you know about him?

S2: I know that his girlfriend is Minnie, another cartoon character.

S3: I think he is very popular and I love him very much.

T: Me, too. Many people like him. He is popular and famous. Do you know who created Mickey?

Ss: Disney.

T: Yes, Walt Disney. He was a great man. Because of Mickey Mouse, a simple and little mouse, Walt Disney became rich and successful. Now we are going to read an article about Mickey. What will the writer talk about in the article? Can you guess?

S4: I think the writer will talk about why Mickey is so popular.

S5: I think the writer will tell us something about Walt Disney.

T: Maybe. Let's read the article and see if your predictions are right.

图2

图像可以自动地吸引眼睛和大脑的注意力，它可以触发无数的联想，是帮助记忆的有效方法(东尼·博赞、巴利·博赞，2009)。教师通过米老鼠的简笔图，形象、生动地导出了文章的主题，激起了学生无限的想象。记忆时所用的想象越生动，记忆的效果就越好(东尼·博赞，2009b)。图1有效地触发了学生的联想和回忆。教师紧接着通过问题“What do you know about Mickey?”让学生说出米老鼠的相关信息，激活学生已有的内容图式;在师生问答的话轮中引出会造成理解障碍的新词汇cartoon character、simple、girlfriend、rich、successful，并添加到思维导图上，同时把问答所用到的关键词Mickey、Minnie、Walt Disney、popular、famous和a black mouse with two large round ears也添加到思维导图上，这样既呈现了新语言知识，也激活了学生已有的语言知识，为他们提供了相应的语言图式;最后让学生对阅读内容进行预测，激活学生有关米老鼠的背景知识，即内容图式。读前环节不仅让学生熟悉了阅读文章的主题，激活了学生的内容图式，调动了学生已有的语言图式，也给予了学生新的语言图式，而且发散了学生的思维，学生在接下来的阅读环节就能更有效地理解课文内容。

2. 读中环节

读中任务的主要目的是从篇章中获取主要信息。教师应善于利用信息转换手段，从整体理解的角度设计有效的任务和活动，以完整的视觉表象形式将课文的主要内容生动、清晰地呈现给学生(杨延从，2007)。下面以八年级上册Unit 6 “I'm Going to Study Computer Science.”中Section B 2b读中阶段的三项任务为例进行说明：

[任务一]略读

让学生略读文章，找出每个段落的主题句，并圈出主题句的关键词或重要部分。同时告诉学生，主题句通常是段落的第一个句子，通过主题句可以快速地把握文章的大意。

该任务是训练学生的略读技能，教师要告诉学生略读是眼睛看着阅读材料上的某个预选部分，以获得对所读材料的整体性理解(东尼·博赞，2009a)。学生通过略读很快找到了三个段落的主题句：Do you know what a resolution is?/There are different kinds of resolutions./Although there are differences, most resolutions have one thing in common. 并找出各主题句中的关键词或重要部分，即resolution、different kinds of resolutions和most resolutions have one thing in common。该任务为学生提供了每个段落的主要话题，即内容图式，使学生初步了解文章涉及的话题是决心，每段的主要内容分别是什么是决心、决心的种类和多数决心的相同之处，从而快速把握课文的大意。

[任务二]跳读

让学生跳读文章第一段和第二段，找出支持这两个段落主题句的细节。首先引导学生读图，确保学生了解图片中的信息。如图3(文章第一段)以决心为主题，从决心的含义、最常见的决心、何时下决心、为什么下决心以及怎样下决心五个方面介绍细节：

图3

图4(文章第二段)以各种不同的决心为主题，介绍有关身体健康、更好的计划和自我完善三方面的决心，每个主干继续伸出分支，说明各种决心的'具体表现形式。然后告诉学生主题句之后通常是支持性的细节信息，让学生找出相关的细节填写在图3和图4中。在填图之前，教师先告诉学生跳读是眼睛为了寻找大脑所需的特定信息而对材料所做的扫视，是寻找特定信息的一种过程(东尼·博赞，2009a)。

图4

学生不必从文章的首段开始阅读，也不必读完整篇文章，只要找到所需的文章信息就可以停止阅读。学生从图3和图4的结构可以直观地注意到每个段落的结构都是从概括到具体，即先总后分。在寻找细节信息的过程中，学生再次体会到文章的层次和脉络。该任务以思维导图的设计突显了段落的脉络结构，即形式图式;图中央的主题词和关键词突显了该段落的内容，即内容图式;分支下的细节信息突显了语言知识，即语言图式。思维导图中的主题词和关键词是记忆的激发器，每个记忆激发器是揭露事实、思想和信息的关键(东尼·博赞，2009c)，能有效促进学生对文章内容的记忆，方便学生对信息进行储存和回忆。该任务丰富了学生的形式、内容和语言图式，使学生理解了段落的大意和细节，并把握其结构，有效地推动了学生对文章的理解和记忆。

[任务三]细读

让学生细读文章第三段，完成思维导图。首先引导学生看图5：

图5

图5以决心的相同之处为主题，分三个方面展开：(1)相同之处是什么?为什么?(2)人们对下决心的看法;(3)你自己的看法和理由。其中第一和第二个方面在课文中能找到答案，第三个方面需要学生仔细理解、体会文章后给出自己的观点。

阅读前向学生解释如何进行细读，提醒学生务必仔细阅读。在教师的指导下，学生运用细读策略获取了文中的有效信息，并能够通过推理和判断来表达自己对下决心的观点和看法，顺利完成了图5的填写。该环节以思维导图的设计突显了第三段的结构，图中央的主题句和关键词突显了该段落的内容，分支下的细节信息突显了语言知识。在思维导图中创造外形，会帮助你在一个更为容易回忆的形式里组织许多的数据(东尼·博赞、巴利·博赞，2009)。图5以树状形式把主题句和关键词连接起来，帮助学生有组织、有条理地回忆信息。因此，该任务同样丰富了学生的三种图式，有效地促进了学生对文章的理解和记忆。

以上三个任务的设计从易到难，呈阶梯式层层深入，训练了学生的略读、跳读与细读技能，让学生明白要了解文章大意时可采用略读，要快速识别事实时可采用跳读，要进行理解、推理和评价时可进行细读，有时需要几种策略结合使用。以上任务也激活了学生的语言、内容和形式图式，有效地提高了学生的阅读理解和记忆效果，培养了学生的思维能力。

3. 读后环节

为了加深学生对课文的理解，读后的任务设计不可或缺。这一部分的任务可以根据需要设计为口头和书面两种形式，下面以八年级下册Unit 1 “Will People Have Robots?”中Section B 3a读后阶段的两个任务为例展开说明：

[任务一]复述

让学生利用图6对文章进行复述：

图6

图6由一个中心话题“Ming十年后的生活”引出她的工作、居住地、宠物、运动和着装等生活的五个方面，每个方面再细分，而且根据需要可以无穷尽地扩展下去。这样，该课的主要内容都体现在图6中。图6用图解和网状的结构，加上关键词，来储存、组织、优化阅读内容，让学生把信息作为一个整体来吸收、分类、理解，帮助学生高效地管理信息。在学生复述之前，教师先作如下示范：In ten years, Ming will be a reporter. She will meet lots of interesting people. She'll live in Shanghai because she went there last year and fell in love with it. She . . . 学生利用图6对文章进行复述时，运用了一般将来时描述Ming的未来生活，巩固了所学的单词、短语和语法，即语言图式;运用思维导图对短文的结构进行了梳理，把握短文的写作脉络，巩固了形式图式。复述任务为学生提供了语言输出的机会，实现了通过阅读培养学生说的能力;同时也有效地提高了学生的记忆能力，为下一个环节用思维导图写文章做好了准备。

[任务二]用思维导图写文章

让学生绘制“自己十年后的生活”的思维导图，并据此展开短文写作。教师通过以下步骤指导学生绘制思维导图和写作：

步骤一：让学生回答若干问题。如：What will you be in ten years? Where will you live? How will you go to work? What will you wear? What sports will you do? What pet will you keep? 由此导出六个关键词job、places、transportation、clothes、sports和pets，为画思维导图做准备。

步骤二：通过PPT向学生展示与六个关键词相关的图片，让学生用英语表达出对应的单词或短语后，再通过PPT展示这些词语。比如，表示宠物的词有dog、rabbit、cat、mouse、goldfish、parrot、turtle等。该步骤以头脑风暴的方式，调用并巩固学生的语言图式，继续为下个环节做准备。

步骤三：向学生展示如何绘制思维导图。先在中央位置画一个图像或写一个主题词，代表文章的主题;再选择合适的基本分类概念，把它们当做主要分支或者主要的子项;然后放开思路，增加一些信息，或者提出自己想说明的观点;最后，编辑并重新调整思维导图，使其成为一个连贯的整体(东尼·博赞、巴利·博赞，2009)。

学生可以根据自己的实际情况而定。基础弱的学生对每个关键词可以只扩展出一个分支，基础较好的学生可以扩展出两个分支，基础很好的学生可以扩展出尽可能多的分支(如图7所示)，以促进其能力发展，满足其学习需求。并且，学生可以用不同颜色的彩笔绘制线条或书写单词，色彩会增强记忆力和创造力，给图像带来活力，使其更为生动(东尼·博赞、巴利·博赞，2009);不同颜色的运用可以让学生注意到分支的不同层次，充分发挥学生右脑的想象功能，提高学习效率。

图7

步骤四：绘制思维导图，并以思维导图为框架来写作文。学生绘制出了自己的思维导图，形状各不相同，色彩缤纷，层次清晰，主题鲜明，主干与分支清楚，词汇的选择得当。

上述四个步骤使学生在写作之前激活了相应的语言、内容和形式图式，有效地降低了写作的难度;学生通过绘制思维导图，调用这三种图式很好地完成了作文。基于图式理论的指导和思维导图的运用，学生克服了以往作文中内容空洞无味、结构安排不合理、脉络不清晰、语法和词汇表达错误等方面的问题。写作任务为学生提供了语言输出的机会，巩固和加深了学生对课文的理解，提高了学生的写作能力。

三、结束语

阅读教学是英语教学的重要组成部分，教师必须用现代的阅读理论来武装自己，指导自己的教学实践。教师应根据阅读课三个不同阶段的特点设计思维导图，通过主题词、图像、关键词和网络结构，帮助学生把阅读内容的主要精髓提取出来，充分调动学生的语言、内容和形式图式来促进学生理解文章内容，并对文章内容进行有效储存和回忆。在读前阶段，利用思维导图激活学生的背景知识和已有的语言知识，即内容和语言图式;在读中阶段，运用思维导图丰富学生的语言知识、篇章结构和内容话题，即语言、形式和内容图式;在读后阶段，通过思维导图巩固学生的内容、语言和形式图式。同时注重对学生阅读技能的训练，让学生通过略读、跳读、细读获取相关信息，并解决问题，从而使学生掌握阅读技巧，有效地促进其阅读能力的提高，并通过阅读发展学生说和写的能力。

参考文献

Carrell, P. & Eisterhold, J. 1983. Schema theory and ESL reading pedagogy [J]. TESOL Quarterly, 17(4): 553-573.

东尼·博赞(著)，张鼎昆、徐克茹(译). 2005. 思维导图大脑使用说明书[M]. 北京：外语教学与研究出版社.

东尼·博赞(著)，丁叶然(译). 2009a. 快速阅读[M]. 北京：中信出版社.

东尼·博赞(著)，叶刚(译). 2009b. 超级记忆[M]. 北京：中信出版社.

东尼·博赞(著)，丁大冈、张相芬(译). 2009c. 博赞学习技巧[M]. 北京：中信出版社.

东尼·博赞、巴利·博赞(著)，叶刚(译). 2009. 思维导图[M]. 北京：中信出版社.

何广铿. 2001. 英语教学法基础[M]. 广州：暨南大学出版社.

教育部.2012.义务教育英语课程标准(2011年版)[M]. 北京：北京师范大学出版社.

人民教育出版社.2007.义务教育课程标准实验教科书·英语(新目标)Go for It! 八年级下册[T]. 北京：人民教育出版社.

人民教育出版社.2013.义务教育教科书·英语Go for It! 八年级上册[T]. 北京：人民教育出版社.

杨延从.2007.任务型阅读的整体教学设计[J]. 中小学外语教学(中学篇)，(6)：1-4.

祖瑞.2011.中学英语阅读教学中任务设计的原则[J]. 英语教师，(4)：8-13.

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『柒』 2021全国高考英语一卷D篇阅读理解辨析

2021全国高考英语一卷D篇阅读理解

试题文本第一段：Popularization has in some cases changed the original meaning of emotional (情感的) intelligence. Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person’s makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and “people skills.” Research has shown that emotional skills may contribute to some of these qualities, but most of them move far beyond skill-based emotional intelligence.

原文节选第一段对照：Popularization has in some cases distorted the original scientific definition of emotional intelligence. Many people now equate emotional intelligence with almost everything desirable in a person's makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and "people skills." Research has shown that emotional skills may contribute to some of these qualities, but most of them move far beyond skill-based emotional intelligence.

1. 本段关键信息词汇：changed, popularization, original, misunderstand, makeup, far beyond, skill-based，but,

a. Popularization: 为大众所普遍接受的（对普通公众有吸引力的行为、或者现象）

b.makeup: 取含义 （N-UNCOUNT 天性;性格）Some-one's make-up is their nature and the various qualities in their character.

There was some fatal flaw in his makeup, and as time went on he lapsed into long silences or became off-hand.

他的性格有致命的缺陷，随着时间的推移，他陷入了久久的沉默，或者变得漠然。

2. 黑体词部分从语篇思维角度可能会是影响阅读理解的关键词，也可能是命题题点所需要支持的信息词。

32.What is a common misunderstanding of emotional intelligence?

A. It can be measured by an IQ test.

B. It helps to exercise a person’s mind.

C. It includes a set of emotional skills.

D. It refers to a person’s positive qualities.

本题题干提问信息词汇：misunderstanding。相对应上面2提到的阅读以及命题关键词：misunderstood。本题的四个选项对这一部分进行了paraphrase，干扰项把原文信息进行了相反的paraphrase，正确项貌似对信息almost everything desirable 进行了paraphrase：It refers to a person’s positive qualities.但事实上，desirable 和positive 是两个具有不同性质的修饰类形容词。两者严谨来讲不能同指同一事物。此处，答案选择D。

文本第一段命题人修改了两个信息词distorted—changed；equate—misunderstood。这两对词汇的替换是否恰当，供读者们探讨。本观点认为有欠妥当，因为欠妥当，引起32题的设计结合原文让人感觉不地道。Distort相似与misunderstood，而equate和misunderstood基本很难语义相关。

考试文本第二段：We  prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes. The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control potential victims. Being emotionally intelligent does not necessarily make one a moral person.

We prefer to define emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either prosocial or antisocial purposes. The ability to accurately perceive how others are feeling may be used by a therapist to gauge how best to help her clients, whereas a con artist might use it to manipulate potential victims. Being emotionally intelligent does not necessarily make one an ethical person.

1.标色部分为“第二段”的试题文本和原文改动词汇对比。试题文本被认为在此处划分了另一段落。是否符合语篇写作形式逻辑，需要从写作技巧上进行具体分析。

2.事实上，define无需改为describe。Prosocial or antisocial purposes改为good or bad purposes已经改变了，原作者的写作意图，两者含义区别很大，会给读者造成一定的思维干扰。perceive,understand,know这样的替换还是可以的。therapist/doctor，gauge/find, client/ patient,whereas/while, con artist/cheater的替换也可以接受。Ethical 应该是课标词汇，无需修改。

3.“The ability< to accurately understand how others are feeling >may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control potential victims. ”这是一个复杂句子，the ability 指上文提到的emotional intelligence所代表的能力。The ability may be used by a doctor to find...whereas (此处还是觉得原词更好）表示“指定性转折对比”，医生可以用以对症治疗，骗子也可能拿来行骗。得出结论：有情商的人群可能是具有两面性的分类人群。

33. Why does the author mention “doctor” and “cheater” in paragraph 2?

A. To explain a rule.  B. To clarify a concept.

C. To  present a fact.  D. To make a prediction.

此题属于细节理解题。理解了原文信息就可以读懂题干。但是选项信息区别性不是太大，命题人从主观角度给出D为标准答案。比较起来，D为最佳。AC并没有原则上的非正确性的信息支持。

考试文本第三段：Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run  far  ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful. The most positive aspect  of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis (重视) on emotion by employers, ecators and others interested in promoting social well-being. 

原文对照：Although popular claims regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful. The most positive aspect of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis on emotion by employers, ecators and others interested in promoting social welfare.

1. Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run  far  ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful.

虽然关于情商的流行（大众化）观点远远超出了研究所能提供的合理支持（论证），但宣传的总体效果是利大于弊。

a.run far ahead of :远远跑在前面。此处语境指“远远超过”。

b.publicity n.(媒体的)关注，宣传，报道;宣传业;广告宣传工作;传播工作

2. The most positive aspect of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis on emotion by employers, ecators and others interested in promoting social welfare.

这种普及(媒体宣传形成的人们的普遍认知）最积极的方面是雇主、教育工作者和其他关心促进社会福利的人对情感的一种新的和急需的强化。

试题文本第四段：

The popularization of emotional intelligence has helped both the public and researchers re-evaluate the functionality of emotions and how they serve people adaptively in everyday life.

原文对照：The popularization of emotional intelligence has helped both the public and research psychology reevaluate the functionality of emotions and how they serve humans adaptively in everyday life.

此处research psychology/researchers,humans/people的替换意义不是很大，原文词汇更加贴切达意。

1.The popularization of emotional intelligence has helped boththe public and researchers re-evaluate the functionality of emotions and how they serve people adaptively in everyday life.情商的普及帮助公众和研究者重新评估情感的功能以及它们如何在日常生活中适应性地为人们服务。

34. What is the author’s attitude to the popularization of emotional intelligence?

A. Favorable. B. Intolerant. C. Doubtful. D. Unclear.

询问作者情感态度的试题一般可以通过文章信息获得答案。文本3.4段表明作者的态度是肯定的。

试题文本第五段：

Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable, we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion. It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in science will offer new perspectives ( 视角) from which to study how people manage their lives. Emotional intelligence, with its focus on both head and heart, may serve to point us in the right direction.

1. Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable, we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion.

虽然情绪智力的持续流行的吸引力是可取的，我们希望这种关注将激发对情绪的科学和学术研究的更大兴趣。

2. It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in science will offer new perspectives ( 视角) from which to study how people manage their lives.

我们希望在未来的几十年里，科学的进步将提供新的视角以此来研究人们如何管理（引领）自己的生活。此处，原文当中的navigate要比修改后的manage更能表达意义。

3.Emotional intelligence, with its focus on both head and heart, may serve to point us in the right direction.

情商，以其对头脑和心灵的关注，可能会为我们指明正确的方向。

原文对照：

Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is both warranted and desirable, we hope that such attention will stimulate a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion. It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in cognitive and affective science will offer intertwining perspectives from which to study how people navigate their lives. Emotional intelligence, with its focus on both head and heart, may adequately serve to point us in the right direction.

35. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning emotional intelligence?

A. Its appeal to the public. B. Expectations for future studies.

C. Its practical application. D. Scientists with new perspectives.

此题的命题点属于对段落大意进行概括，关联关键词“hope,will，may”, 链接答案中的expectations。D项的语言表述是有问题的。B项可以改为：Expectations for future studies on it. C项可以改为：The practical application on it.

总结：本文是节选。文章基本表意完整。选取这一部分视角和普通关于情商的认知有一定的差异性。也正是这种认知差异性使得本文通过英语传达的思想略有难度。文本有一些复杂句，但整体句式整齐，没有偏怪句式，不会产生明显的句式语言障碍。当然，也会对学生的基本语法习得情况有一定的区分度。试题命制中规中矩。试题文本被命题人划分为5段，从文法角度是否严谨科学有待考证。建议语篇分析此文时酌情科学进行。

试卷试题：

We  prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes. The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control potential victims. Being emotionally intelligent does not necessarily make one a moral person.

Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run  far  ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful. The most positive aspect  of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis (重视) on emotion by employers, ecators and others interested in promoting social well-being.  The popularization of emotional intelligence has helped both the public and researchers re-evaluate the functionality of emotions and how they serve people adaptively in everyday life.

Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable, we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion. It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in science will offer new perspectives ( 视角) from which to study how people manage their lives. Emotional intelligence, with its focus on both head and heart, may serve to point us in the right direction.

32.What is a common misunderstanding of emotional intelligence?

A. It can be measured by an IQ test.

B. It helps to exercise a person’s mind.

C. It includes a set of emotional skills.

D. It refers to a person’s positive qualities.

33. Why does the author mention “doctor” and “cheater” in paragraph 2?

A. To explain a rule. B. To clarify a concept.

C. To present a fact. D. To make a prediction.

Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is both warranted and desirable, we hope that such attention will stimulate a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion.

34. What is the author’s attitude to the popularization of emotional intelligence?

A. Favorable.B. Intolerant.C. Doubtful.D. Unclear.

35. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning emotional intelligence?

A. Its appeal to the public. B. Expectations for future studies.

C. Its practical application. D. Scientists with new perspectives.

原文链接：http://eqi.org/salov2.htm Wechat Official Account: FreedomWriter

节选原文：Popularization has in some cases distorted the original scientific definition of emotional intelligence. Many people now equate emotional intelligence with almost everything desirable in a person's makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and "people skills." Research has shown that emotional skills may contribute to some of these qualities, but most of them move far beyond skill-based emotional intelligence. We prefer to define emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either prosocial or antisocial purposes. The ability to accurately perceive how others are feeling may be used by a therapist to gauge how best to help her clients, whereas a con artist might use it to manipulate potential victims. Being emotionally intelligent does not necessarily make one an ethical person.

Although popular claims regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful. The most positive aspect of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis on emotion by employers, ecators and others interested in promoting social welfare. The popularization of emotional intelligence has helped both the public and research psychology reevaluate the functionality of emotions and how they serve humans adaptively in everyday life. Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is both warranted and desirable, we hope that such attention will stimulate a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion. It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in cognitive and affective science will offer intertwining perspectives from which to study how people navigate their lives. Emotional intelligence, with its focus on both head and heart, may adequately serve to point us in the right direction

『捌』 2022年下半年英语六级阅读理解练习题

2022年下半年英语六级考试备考时间已经不多了，还没有开始准如瞎谨备的考生可以开始准备考试了。英语备考，离不开日常的练习，下面是我为大家准备的2022年下半年英语六级阅读理解练习题，有在备考六级的考生可以神掘参考一下。

2022年下半年英语六级阅读理解练习渣基题

阅读理解（一）

The Last Dinner

Jesus spent his last few hours of liberty quietly in the suburb of Bethany. It was the day of Passover. The Jews observed this feast by eating roast lamb and unleavened bread.

Jesus asked his disciples to go to town and reserve a room in one of the smaller inns and order a dinner that they might all be together.

When evening came， Judas， looking bland and innocent， left the house together with the others. They went down the Mount of Olives and entered the city and found that everything was ready. They took their seats around one long table and began to eat.

But it was not a cheerful meal. They felt the dread of those coming events which already were casting their terrible shadow over the small group of faithful friends.

Jesus spoke very little. The others sat in gloomy silence. At last Peter could stand it no longer， and he blurted out what was in everybody’s mind . “Master， ”he said，“we want to know. Do you have reason to suspect one of us？” Softly Jesus answered， “ Yes. One among you who is now sitting at this table will bring disaster upon us all. ” Then all the disciples got up and crowded around him. They protested their innocence. At that moment Judas slipped quietly out of the room. They now all knew what was to come. They could no longer remain in that little room. They needed fresh air， and they left the inn and walked out of the gate and went back to the Mount of Olives and opened the wicket to a garden which a friend had told them to use whenever they wished to be alone . It was called Gethsemane ， after an old oil-press which stood in a corner. After a while Jesus walked away from the little group. But three of the disciples who were closest to him， followed at a distance.

He turned around and bade them wait and watch while he prayed.

The time had come for a final decision. Escape was still possible ， but escape would mean a silent confession of guilt and defeat for his ideas.

He was alone among the silent trees and fought his last great battle . He was a man in the fullness of his years. Life still held a great promise. Death， once his enemies captured him， would come in a most terrible form. He made his choice . He stayed. He went back to his friends. And behold！ They were fast asleep . A moment later， the whole garden was in an uproar. Led by Judas， the guards of the Sanhedrin rushed upon the prophet. Judas was at their head. He threw his arms around his master and kissed him. That was the sign for which the soldiers had waited. At that moment， Peter realized what was happening.

阅读自测

Ⅰ. Welcome to the Eden of animals . According to Chinese ， choose the correct English word： （ bee， rabbit， butterfly， lark， lion， mouse， donkey）

1. Tom always has a lot of things to do. Every time you see him， he is as busy as a ________（ 忙得团团转） .

2. Although it was an easy problem， I still made a mistake . It really made feel that I was as stupid as a ________（ 蠢如驴） .

3. Cathy is dressed very well and looks as beautiful as a ________（ 像蝴蝶一样漂亮） .

4. The villagers beat the enemy and lived as merry as a ________（ 非常快活） .

5. Tom and Jerry are twins， but they are quite different. Tom is as timid as a （ 胆小如鼠） while Jerry as bold as a________ （ 莽如雄狮） .

6. After the company went into bankruptcy ________（ 宣告破产） ， he was as poor as a church ________（ 一贫如洗） .

Ⅱ. Can you crack the riddle ？

Have you heard of Sphinx （ 斯芬克司） of Greek mythology？

Sphinx was a monster with the head and breast of a woman， the body of a lion， the wings of a bird， a serpent’s tail and lion’s paws. It had a human voice and usually asked passers-by to guess her riddle. If the man was unable to find the answer， she would eat them. If he could， she would kill herself. The riddle is this： What goes on four feet， on two feet， and three ， but the more feet it goes on， the weaker it be ？

Do you get the answer？ Explain yourself.

阅读理解（二）

However you view credit cards. it＇s hard to live in the modem world without one. And if you have one， you owe it to yourself to use it properly.

Although credit cards are becoming a more acceptable part of the financial scene， they are still regarded with suspicion by many as being a major part of the ＂live now pay later＂ syndrome. Along with hire purchase， rental and leasing schemes. they provide encouragement to spend more money. They can allow you to pile up debts that you have difficulty paying off， they can also let you spend next month＇s salary today. Of course， it is only the foolhardy who succumb to the temptation to live. temporarily at least， beyond their means. and such people would no doubt manage to do so even without credit cards.

Advertising campaigns have. however， promoted a growing realization of the advantages of these small pieces of plastic. They obviate the need to carry large amounts of cash and are always useful in emergencies. All the credit card organizations charge interest on a monthly basis which may work out as high as 25 per cent a year. yet judicious purchasing using a card can mean that you obtain up to seven weeks interest freecredit. Using me card abroad where items frequently take a long time to be included on your account can extend this period even further.

It is worthwhile shopping around before deciding on a particular credit card. It is necessary to consider the amount of credit granted； interest rates， which may vary slightly； che number and range of outlets， chough most cards cover major garages， hotels. restaurants and departments stores： and of course. what happens if your card is lost or stolen A credit card chief may be sitting on a potential gold mine particularlyif there is delay in reporting the loss of the card.

Using a credit card wisely takes discipline and a little self-control. Once you realize your debt is someone else’s profit margin， your approach to your plastic will change. With a bit of discipline and some practical knowledge， you can make your cards work for you. rather than the other way round. As a matter of fact， a credit card can cost nothing or at least help to tide you over a period of financial difficulty.

people suspect that credit cards lure people to_______________.

author seems to believe that even in the absence of credit cards. some people would undoubtedly_________________.

Para. 3， in addition to the advantages of no need lo carry cash and being useful in emergencies， whatelse is said to be the advantage of credit cards？

is the main idea of Para.4？

5.A credit card user can control himself to take better advantage of credit card if he knows well the truth that____________________.

阅读理解（三）

Children are getting so fat-they may be the first generation to die before their parents. an expert claimed yesterday. Today＇s youngsters are already falling prey to potential killers such as diabetes because of their weight. Fatty fast-food diets combined with sedentary lifestyles dominated by televisions and computers could mean kids will die tragically young， says Professor Andrew Prentice. from the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine.

At the same time. the shape of the human body is going through a huge evolutionary shift because alts are getting so fat. Here in Britain. latest research shows that the average waist size for a man is 36-38 inches and may be 42-44， inches by compares with only 32.6 inches in 1972. Women＇s waists have grown from an average of 22 inches in l920 to 24 inches in the Fifties and 30 inches now. One of the major reasons why children now are at greater risk is that we are getting fatter younger. In the UK alone. more than one million under-1.6s are classed as overweight or obese-double the number in the mid-Eighties. One inten four-year-olds are also medically classified as obesity pandemic-an extensive epidemic-whichstarted m the US， has now spread to Europe. Australia， Central America and the Middle East.

Many nations now record more than 20 per cent of- their population as clinically obese and well over half the population as overweight. Prof. Prentice said the change in our shape has been caused by a glut of easily available high-energy foods combined with a dramatic drop in the energy we use as a result of technology developments.

He is not alone in his concern. Only last week one medical journal revealed how obesity was fuelling a rise in cancer cases. Obesity also increases the risk factor for strokes and heart disease. An averagely obese person＇s lifespan is shortened by around nine years while a severely obese person by many more.

Prof. Prentice said： ＂So will parents outlive their children. as claimed recently by an American obesity specialist？＂ The answer is yes-and no. Yes，when the offspring become grossly obese. This is now becoming an alarmingly common occurrence in the US. Such children and adolescents have a greatly reced quality of life in terms of both their physical and psychosocial health. So say No to that doughnut and burger.

essor Andrew Prentice says kids will die young because of their__________________.

Britain， overweight or obese under-16s in the mid-Eighties were___________________today.

should be responsible for the change in our body shape according to the passage？

risk of some diseases such as cancer. strokes and heart disease may become greater e to_____________.

does the author suggest we do by saying ＂say No to that doughnut and burger＂ ？

阅读理解（四）

To fully understand the concept of the ＂Paperless Office＂，one must understand what it conceptually was supposed to mean，as well as what it has evolved into as its current y forms of the paperless office would have concentrated around word processing documents and the ability to create，store and manage their existence ver，you were limited in scope as to what you could do to＂manage＂these of the management revolved around viewing and perhaps sharing it with other users in the e were no automated programs that handled workflow，scanning，tagging and management of these documents ners were （at a cost-effective price）too expensive for the average office to acquire based on the return on the corporate level，there was no direction as to handle workflow and to analyze where paper came from and where it had to go internally and if there was a process in place，the tools were not mature enough or existing to handle it.

In the last few years，technology has finally been catching up to the needs and requirements of the office ners that previously cost tens of thousands of dollars now can be acquired for tal copiers/printers now incorporate high speed scanning and OCR capability，even at the lowest technology initiative has now been transferred to the IT and MIS departments of corporations as well as law rly，the tools necessary to transform paper-full to a paperless office are now widely then，is stopping the widespread adoption of the concept of the paperless office？Cultural issues are probably one of the largest obstructions to the implementation of the concept of the paperless nly，people feel comfortable doing what they know how to do best（shuffle paper around）and modifying theirhabits requires a focus that makes them feel that they are，in fact，doing things better and more ementing a paperless office environment that introces processes that are more difficult and technologically challenging than the previous environment is doomed to fail from the start，Keep all processes simple，intro ce technology that is easy to learn and use，and document the workflow.

did the early forms of paperless office lack for efficient management？

ners used not to be considered worthwhile when a company considers its_________________.

is implied that the concept of the paperless office is now adopted on a______________________scale.

is found that most people refuse the concept of the paperless office e to____________________factor.

does the author think about the processes of the paperless office environment in comparison with the paper-full office environment？

阅读理解（五）

Faced with the rapidly rising costs of employee benefits， companies are scaling back. It＇s become distressingly clear that employees are increasingly on their own when it comes to retirement savings and health care.

Employers don＇t typically trash （丢弃） an important employee benefit-too much negative press-but they are shifting more of these costs onto workers. who feel it in the form of higher health-care premiums， rising co-payments on drugs and much less certainty about their retirement finances.

Towers Perrin. a global human-resources-consulting firm， recently surveyed hundreds of U.S. companies representing more than 13 million employees on changer they are making-or contemplating making-to their employee-benefits packages. The knife cuts deepest on the most expensive benefits， with the biggest often being healty care.

It costs the average American company more than $14，000 per year to provide coverage to an employee and her family. The employer＇s response： shift more of that growing burden to workers. As a result， companies have seen their health-care spending rise 29% over the past five employees have seen their outlays-for premiums， co-pays and dectibles-rise 40%.

Retiree health care is getting hit hardest-just when the boomer generation needs it most. Of the employerssurveyed， 45% have already reced or eliminated subsidized health-care coverage for future retirees， and an additional 24% are planning to do so or considering it. Of those offering the perk（额外补贴）， roughly 25% put a dollar limit on how much they will spend per retiree. ＂Once the limit is reached， future inflation risk transfers to the retiree，＂ notes Ron Fontanetta. an executive with Towers Perrin.

Corporate pensions， the third leg of the proverbial retirement stool （the other two being Social Security and personal savings）， are also being eroded as the foundering （下挫的） stock market wreaks havoc on employer pension funds. At the end of 2008. employer-sponsored pension plans were underfunded by more than $400billion， according to Mercer， a management-consulting firn. The recent stock-market rally has halved that deficit. but it remains a funding sore spot and is one more reason that companies are turning away from this benefit.

＂Companies initiated many of these benefits in a different time，＂ says Fontanetta. ＂Retiree benefits started being offered when many companies had a young workforce with few retirees. so it was not really a cost they had to contend with.” Today it＇s the reverse， particularly in old-line oit’s Big Three automakers， for example， have more than Four rimes as many retirees as active hourly workers.

1. Instead of ending important employee benefits. employers are_____________.

2. According to Towers Perrin＇s survey， which 8spect of employee benefits is the most profoundly impacted？

3. The scaling down of retiree health greatly affected_________________.

4. Because of the stock market slump， companies are giving up_________________.

5. The last paragraph implies that companies cut back on retiree benefits because of_____________________.

阅读理解（六）

Some of the old worries about artificial intelligence were closely linked to the question of whether computers could first massive electronic computers，capable of rapid calculation and little or no creative activity，were soon bbed（取绰号）＂electronic brains＂.A reaction to this terminology quickly followed，computers were called＂high speed idiots＂，an effort to protect human not everyone realized theimplications of the high-speed idiot has not been pointed out enough that even the human idiot is one of the most intelligent life forms on the early computers were even that intelligent，it was already a remarkable state of affairs.

One consequence of speculation about the possibility of computer thought was that we were forced to examine with new care the idea of thought in soon became clear that we were not sure what we meant bysuch terms as thought and tend to assume that human beings think，some more than others，though we often call people thoughtless or ms cause a problem，partly because they usually happen outside our are obviously some type of mental experience，but are they a type of thinking？And the question of nonhuman life forms adds further of us would maintain that some of the higheranimals-dogs，cats，apes，and so on-are capable of at least basic thought，but what about fish and insects？If thinking is demonstrated by evident electrical activity in the brain，then many species are capable of we have formulated clear ideas on what thought is in biological creatures，it will be easier to discuss the question of thought in artifacts（人工制品） what is true of thought is also true of the many other mental of the immense benefits of a research is that we are being forced to scrutinize，with new rigor，the working of the human mind.

It is already clear that machines have superior mental abilities to many life fern or oak tree can play chess as well as even the simplest digital computer，nor can frogs weld car bodies as well as seems that，viewed in terms of intellect ，the computer should be set well above plants and most the higher animals can compete with computers with regard to intellect and even then with diminishing success.

did people think of the early computers？

rding to the author，the early computers is__________________than human idiots.

a result of speculating whether computer could think，we had to research more carefully to get_____________________.

do dreams cause the problem whether they are a type of thinking，according to the author？

does the author want to illustrate by mentioning the fern and the oak tree？

『玖』 高考英语阅读理解解题技巧全攻略

【 #英语资源# 导语】为了让同学们被少扣分甚至不扣分， 考 网总结了高考英语阅读理解题型的超详细解题技巧和方法，高考来啦，快快收藏起来好好研究吧！

阅读理解

通过详细分析历年高考英语试卷，我们可将阅读理解归纳为以下几种题型：主旨大意题，细节理解题，推理判断题（含写作意图、目的等），词义猜测题。英语阅读理解题的技巧与策略是学生提高阅读理解多需要具备的。

一、 主旨大意题

这类题在设题时常会用到title, subject, main idea, topic, theme等词。

1.归纳标题题

特点：短小精悍，一般多为一个短语；涵盖性强，一般能覆盖全文意思；精确性强，表达范围要恰当，不能随意改变语意程度或色彩。常见命题形式有：

What’s the best title for the text?

The best title for this passage is ___.

Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?

2. 概括大意题

包括寻找段落大意（topic）和文章中心思想（main idea），常见命题形式有：

What is the general/main idea of the passage？ Which of the following expresses the main idea？ What is the subject discussed in the text?

BThe writer of the story wants to tell us that_____. The passage/ text is mainly about_____. What’s the article mainly about ？

解题技巧

阅读理解文章多是议论文和说明文 ，这两种文体的结构可归纳为：提出问题——论述问题——得出结论或者阐明观点。对于这类文章，抓主题句是快速掌握文章大意的主要方法。主题句一般出现在文章的开头或结尾。主题句具有简洁性、概括性的特点。主题句在文章中的位置主要有以下几种情况拦碧。

位于段首 ：一般而言，以演绎法撰写的文章，主题句往往在文章的开头，即先点出主题，然后围绕这一主题作具体的陈述。判断第一句是否为主题句，可具体分析段落的首句与第凳早二，三句的关系；如果从第二句就开始对第一句进行说明，论述或描述，那第一句就是主题句。有些段落，在主题句后面有明显引出细节的信号词，如for example, an example of; first, second, next, last, finally; to begin with, also, besides; one, the other; some, others等。在阅读中应尽量利用上述信号词来确定主题句的位置。

位于段尾 ：有些文章会在开头列举事实, 然后通过论证阐述作者简粗举的核心论点。因此，如果第一句话不是概括性的或综合性的话，快速读一读段落的最后一个句子，看看它是否具备主题句的特征。如果它具备主题句的特征，段落的主题思想就很容易确定了。一般说来，当一种观点不易向人解释清楚或不易被人接受时，主题句便会到段落的末尾才出现。学生可以充分利用引出结论的信号词。如so，therefore，thus，consequently；in conclusion，in short；in a word, to sum up等来确定主题句的位置在段尾。当无明显的此类信号时，学生可在段落的最后一句话前面添加一个引出结论的信号词，以确定其是否是主题句。

位于段中 ：有时段落是先介绍背景和细节，接着用一句综合或概括性的话概括前面所说的内容或事例，然后再围绕主题展开对有关问题的深入讨论。这种文章的主题句往往会在段落中间出现。归纳起来主要有两种情况：先提出问题，然后给予回答(主题句)，最后给予解释；或者，先提出问题，然后点出主题思想(主题句)，最后给予解释。

首尾呼应 ：主题句在段落的开头和结尾两个位置上先后出现，形成前呼后应的格局。这两个主题句叙说的是同一个内容，但用词不尽相同，这样不但强调了主题思想，而且显得灵活多变。这两个句子并非简单重复，后一个主题句或对该主题作最后的评述，或对要点作一概括，或使之引申留给读者去思考。

无明确主题句：找关键词（出现频率较高）, 归纳总结。

注意

新题型中有一个选项是干扰项，解答此类题时同学易犯以下三种错误：

（1）表述过于片面，只涵盖该段个别细节；

（2）表述太过于笼统，已经超出该段的内容；

（3）表述与段落内容无关，在段落中找不到相关依据

二、细节理解题

考查内容主要涉及时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果、数字等议论文中例证细节和定义类细节。这类题目的共同特点是：答案一般都能在文章中找到。当然，答案并不一定是文章中的原句，考生需要根据文章提供的信息自己组织语句回答问题。

1.事实细节题→寻读法

分为直接理解题和间接理解题，前者常用who, what, which, when, where, why和how提问，或判断正误；后者需与原文信息转换，表达上与原文有差异。常见命题形式有：

What can we learn from the passage?

All the following are mentioned except

Which of the following is mentioned (not mentioned)?

Which of the following statements is true/right/false/wrong about…?

2. 排列顺序题→首尾定位法 （找出第一个事件和最后一个事件，用排除法缩小范围）

常出现在记叙文和说明文中，一般按事件发生的顺序。常见命题形式有：

Which of the following is the correct order of…? Which of the following shows the path of signals described in Paragraph…?

3. 图文匹配题→按图索骥理清线索

设题形式：给出图表，根据图表提问问题。

4. 数字计算题→ （方法：审题→带着问题找细节→对比、分析、计算）

可直接找到相关细节，但需经过计算方可找到答案。

三、推理判断题

主要考查学生对文章中隐含或深层的含意的理解能力。它要求考生根据文章内容做出合乎逻辑的推断，包括考生对作者观点的理解，态度的判断，对修辞、语气、隐含意思等的理解。题干关键词：infer(推断),

indicate(象征，暗示), imply/suggest(暗示), conclude(作出结论), assume(假定，设想).

1.细节推理判断题

一般可根据短文提供的信息或借助生活常识进行推理判断，常见命题形式有：

It can be inferred/ concluded from the text that __________.

The author implies/ suggests that_____.

We may infer that _________.

Which of the following statements is implied but NOT stated?

2.预测推理判断题

根据语篇对文章接下来的内容或可能的结局进行猜测，常见命题形式有： What do you think will happen if/when…?

At the end of this passage, the writer might continue to write_____

3.推测文章来源或读者对象

常见命题形式有：

The passage is probably take out of_____

The passage would most likely be found in_____

Where does this text probably come from?

4.写作意图、目的、态度推断题

作者的语气态度往往不会直接写在文章里，只能通过细读文章，从作者的选词及其修饰手段中体会出来。

询问写作目的的题，选项里常出现的词 是：explain(解释), prove (证明), persuade(劝说), advise(劝告), comment(评论), praise(赞扬), criticize(批评), entertain(娱乐), demonstrate(举例说明), argue(辩论), tell(讲述), analyze(分析)等。

询问语气态度的题，选项里 常出现的词 是：neutral(中立的), sympathetic(同情的), satisfied(满意的), friendly(友好的), enthusiastic(热情的), subjective(主观的), objective(客观的), matter-of-fact(实事求是的), pessimistic(悲观的), optimistic(乐观的), critical(批评的), doubtful(怀疑的), hostile(敌对的), indifferent(冷淡的), disappointed(失望的)。

常见命题形式有：

The purpose of the text is_____

What is the main purpose of the author writing the text? By mentioning…, the author aims to show that_____

What is the author’s attitude towards…?

What is the author’s opinion on…?

The author’s tone in this passage is _____.

解答技巧

推断题是考查学生透过文章表面的文字信息进行分析、综合、归纳等逻辑推理的能力。推理和判断必须以事实为依据，切莫主观臆断。

①那些文章中直接陈述的内容不能选，要选择根据文章推理出来的选项。

②推理不是凭空猜测，而是立足已知推断未知；作出正确答案时一定要在文中找到依据或理由。

③要忠实于原文，以文章提供的事实和线索为依据。不能以自己的观点代替作者的想法；不要脱离原文主观臆断。

四、词义猜测题

考点：

①猜测某个词、词组、句子的意义

②对文中的多义词或词组进行定义

③判断某个代词的指代的对象。常见命题形式有：

The underlined word/phrase in the second paragraph means _____.

The word “it/they” in the last sentence refers to______.

The word “…”（Line 6. para.2）probably means ______.

The word “…”（Line 6. para.2）could best be replaced by which of the following?

Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “…” ?

解答技巧

1.通过因果关系猜词通过因果关系猜词

首先是找出生词与上下文之间的逻辑关系，然后才能猜词。有时文章借助关联词(如because，as，since，for，so，thus，as a result，of course，therefore等等)表示前因后果。

例如：You shouldn't have blamed him for that，for it wasn't his fault. 通过for引出的句子所表示的原因(那不是他的错)，可猜出blame的词义是"责备"。

2.通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词

通过同义词猜词 ，一是要看由and或or连接的同义词词组，如happy and *，即使我们不认识*这个词，也可以知道它是愉快的意思；二是看在进一步解释的过程中使用的同义词，如Man has known something about the planets Venus，Mars，and Jupiter with the help of spaceships. 此句中的Venus(金星)、Mars(火星)、Jupiter(木星)均为生词，但只要知道planets就可猜出这几个词都属于"行星"这一义域。

通过反义词猜词 ，一是看表转折关系的连词或副词，如but，while，however等；二是看与not搭配的或表示否定意义的词语，如：He is so homely，not at all as handsome as his brother.根据not at all...handsome我们不难推测出homely的意思，即不英俊、不漂亮的意思。

3.通过构词法猜词

根据前缀、后缀、复合、派生等构词知识判断生词词义。如：She is unlikely to have stolen the money. ( “un”含否定意义，故为“不太可能”之意。)

4.通过定义或释义关系来推测词义

例如：But sometimes，no rain falls for a long，long time. Then there is a dry period，or drought. 从drought所在句子的上文我们得知很久不下雨，于是便有一段干旱的时期，即drought，由此可见drought意思为"久旱"，"旱灾"。而a dry period和drought是同义语。这种同义或释义关系常由is，or，that is，in other words，be called或破折号等来表示。

5.通过句法功能来推测词义

例如：Bananas，oranges，pineapples，coconuts and some other kind of fruit grow in warm areas.假如pineapples和coconuts是生词，我们可以从这两个词在句中所处的位置来判断它们大致的意思。从句中不难看出pineapples，coconuts和bananas，oranges是同类关系，同属fruit类，因此它们是两样水果，准确地说，是菠萝和椰子。

6.通过描述猜词

描述即作者对该人或该物作出的外在相貌或内在特征的描写。例如：The penguin is a kind of sea bird living in the South Pole. It is fat and walks in a funny way. Although it cannot fly，it can swim in the icy water to catch the fish.从例句的描述中可以得知penguin是一种生活在南极的鸟类。后面更详尽地描述了该鸟类的生活习性。

7. 根据常识猜词

如：The door was so low that he hit his head on the lintel.（lintel “过梁”。）

Afraid of waking the baby up, she tiptoed out of the room.（tiptoed “踮着脚走，蹑手蹑脚”）

七选五

高考阅读理解信息匹配的7选5题型，主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。

从题型和内容我们可以看出 ，选项可分为：

a.主旨概括句（文章整体内容）

b.过渡性句子（文章结构）

c.注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）三类。

其多余的两个干扰项也往往从这三方面进行设置，如主旨概括句或过于宽泛或以偏概全或偏离主题，过渡性句子不能反映文章的行文结构，注释性句子与上文脱节等。

高考英语阅读七选五题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握，并具备运用语法知识分析理解长难句的能力。可以说，此题型是对语言能力和阅读理解能力的综合测试。

一、解题思路

1、理清句际间的关系

文章的内容是根据各层各段的大意有机地组合而成，各个层次，各个段落之间不管怎样错落有致，但它所表达的内容都是要围绕中心的，各句之间都有一定的语脉，从逻辑意义上来看，语段的句际关系可分为平列、顺序、层递、转折、总分、解释、因果等关系。

构成语段的各个句子之间有时可以包含一种以上的句际关系。

因此，理解阅读材料时一定要把握语脉，理清句际间的关系，进而理解语段或全文的内容。

2、找出句子之间的连接性的词语

文章的语句间的组合，除了从语句间的意义关系分析外，还可借助句子之间的连接性词语来把握，因为连接性词语能表明这个语段句与句之间、层与层之间的基本关系有：

承接关系（如 so, therefore, thus, hence, accordingly, consequently, as a result 等）

平列关系（如first, second, third…; firstly, secondly, thirdly…; first, next, then…; in the first place, in the second place…; for one thing, for another thing…;to begin with, to conclude 等）。如文中的选项 71，由 Second、Third 得知应选表示平列关系的句子 G.项。

转折关系（如 however, nevertheless, nonetheless, still, though, yet, in spite of, at any rate, in any case, whoever,whatever on the contrary, in contrast, by contrast, in comparison, by comparison, conversely, otherwise 等）。比如选项 75，与前句构成了转折关系，故应选 D 项答案。

层递关系（如 also, further, furthermore, likewise, similarly, moreover, in addition, what’s more, too, either, neither,not…but…, not only…but also 等）。如 72 选项，与前句组合为层递关系，故应选包含 also 的 E.项句子。

解释关系，如 73 选项应选 F.选项，与 74 选项平等的，是一组祈示句，而非陈述句，故应选 A.项而非 B项。

二、解题步骤

1、通读全文

在 阅读过程中，要注意文章的开始与结束段落，尤其是文章的首段及末段末句，因为“开门见山”与“结尾总结”的写作方式为常见的写作方式，首段的末句一般是是 全文的主题所在，说明本文将探讨哪些内容，并简要指出文章的写作思路，有时甚至会以提纲的形式进行呈现。首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义， 如果它是文章的主题句，就可以使读者迅速明确文章情节将如何展开，并对文章的写作主题有了整体的了解。如果末句不是主题句，则需要继续寻找。这时，可以考 虑文章的写作方式是否为“结尾总结”式，如两者均可排除，则需在文章中其他段落寻找主题句，但要注意，首段与末段的提示作用。

2、详读段落

在短时间内，找出每段写作内容的关键词。明确各段的主题句或主旨大意。

文章正文部分通常分为若干小段落。各段落会根据整体文章写作主题展开，对文章主体进行的不同方面的描述。找出各个小段落中的关键词，明确其描述内容，为整体试题的解决做好铺垫。阅读各个空的前后句，标记关键词

在阅读文章的开始部分、明确文章的基本话题以后，要阅读五个空各自的前后句，并将前后句中的解题线索，即关键词标记下来。关键词包括句中的核心名词或名词词组（如带有形容词的名词词组）、专有名词、时间数字、代词、连词等。

重点阅读各个问题附近的句子，圈定线索词，然后从选项中寻找相关的特征词，以确定答案。做题时可以采用代入排除法。如果一题做不出或拿不准，可先放过，继续往下读，先做容易的能做出的题，直到读完整篇文章。至此，文章的要点和主旨、各个段落之间的逻辑关系应基本清楚了。

3、定位选项

明确各备选选项的含义，抓住其关键词语，根据文章整体结构与具体内容，将选项填入文中，填写时尤为注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段及句中的衔接标志词。

在定位选项时，要特别注意空格上下段的写作内容，以及空格上段尾句和下段首句的结构和意义。将所选项放入空白处，看看是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的直接关系，是否符合该处语境。能否承接前后的写作线索。使文章无论内容还是衔接上都能做到通顺。

一篇文章作为一个整体，是有其写作的线索与思路的，在选项定位中，要尤其注意文章的写作线索，文章的写作思路的连贯使文章的每个段落、每个句子甚至每个短语均融为一体。如果带入选项后，发现文章写作线索中断或是前后矛盾，应更换其它选项。

4、通读复检

将所选答案代入文中，再次通读全文，重点考查逻辑关系和关联结构。

在 完成选项定位后，应通读全文，检查文章内容是否完整，语义是否连贯合理、各段落内容是否紧扣主题，语篇结构是否通顺连贯、具有一致性、合乎逻辑，写作思路 是否清晰明了，格式以及用语是否恰当贴切，从而判断选择的答案是否正确。同时，我们还应注意对相近选项的对比分析，个别干扰项由于与某个正确选项的内容相 近具有很强的干扰性，这时就需要我们认真分析，仔细甄别，排除干扰，从而得出正确选项。

5、确定排除

研究多余选项，确定排除理由，最终确定答案。

尽管答案都已经确定，但是为了避免失误，对多余的选项进行进一步的研究，确定它们和文章的主题和前后句意没有关联性之后，才是最终的结果。