英语阅读中猜词七技巧
① 高考英语阅读理解九大猜词技巧
高考英语阅读理解九大猜词技巧
马上就要高考了，我整理了一些比较有针对性的高考英语复习技巧资料给大家参考，希望可以帮助同学们提高自身综合英语能力，战胜高考。
高考英语阅读理解九大猜词技巧
一、利用定义或解释(definition or explanation)
Signal words: means, refers to, be called, beknown as ,can be defined as, in other words,that is, that is to say, 定语从句…..etc.
举例：
Pruning is important because it encourages thegrowth of tender shoots(嫩芽), or young leaves oftrees.(B)
The word "pruning" means______
A. Regular cutting(修剪) of the plants
B. Frequent watering
C. Regular use of chemicals
D. Growing the plants high in the mountain
二、利用普通常识和经验(common sense or experience)
举例：
1. In fact, only about 80 ocelots, an endangered wild cat, exist in the U.S. today.
"ocelot" means _________________(an endangered wild cat)
2.The period of adolescence, the period between childhood and althood ,may be long orshort.
"adolescence" means___________(The period between childhood and althood)
三、利用同义/同位语(similarity/appositive)
Signal words：for example ，for instance，such as ，like，as---as，etc.
举例：
The largest player – Shanghai Bashi Tourism Car Center offers a wide variety of choices,such as deluxe sedans, minivans, station wagons, coaches. Santana sedans are the big favoriteof the tourists. (C)
The words "deluxe sedans," "minivans" and "station wagons" used in the text refer to ____.
A. cars in the making B. car rental firms C. cars for rent D. car makers
四、利用举例(from examples)
Signal words: as, like, the same as，unlike,but，however, on the contrary, while,instead…ect.
举例：
1. The snow was falling.Big flakes drifted(飘)with the wind like feathers.
2. Unlike her gregarious sister, Jane is a shyperson who does not like to go to parties or makenew friends.
五、利用比较或对比(comparison or contrast)
(1)Overwork may cause diseases.
over(过分的、过量的)+work=overwork“工作过度”。
(2)There was a dissatisfied look in the manager's eyes.
dis “不” + satisfied“满意的=dissatisfied “不满意的”。
六、利用构词法(Word formation)：前缀、后缀、复合、派生等
举例：
1. Is he intelligent or stupid?
2. Most women in Ghana--- the ecated and illiterate, the urban and rural, the youngand old--- work to earn an income in addition to maintaining their roles as housewives andmothers. Their reputation for economic independence, self-reliance, and hard work is wellknown and well deserved.(C)
The underlined word "illiterate" in the passage means ____.
A. Repeated B. reiterated. C. unecated D. sick
七、利用同义词或反义词(Synonym or Antonym)
举例：
Signal words:because，since ,so, such......that,so......that, ect
I feel that since you are my superior(上司), it would be presumptuous of me to tell youwhat to do .(B)
The word "presumptuous" is closest in meaning to "____" .
A.full of respect B. rude and too confident
C.lacking in experience D.too shy and quiet
八、利用原因与结果关系猜词(from Cause and Result)
The official asked the man what his occupation was. The man told him that he worked asan engineer.(A)
A. work B. study C. name D. interest
九、利用上下文的`语境(context or related information)
更多练习：
1. A good teacher works in quite a different way.His audience take an active part in his play: they askand answer questions, they obey orders, and if theydon't understand something, they say so.
The word "audience" in the paragraph means____.
A. students
B. people who watch a play
C. people who act on the stage
D. people who listen to something
答案：A
解题关键：常识 teacher-----students
2. When some kind of pain killer(止痛药) was brought out recently, researchers found thatthe colours turned the customers off because they made the proct look weak andineffective(无效的).
② 英语阅读中的猜测技巧
英语阅读中的猜测技巧
在阅读各种各样的英文资料时，我们不可避免地会遇到一些不认识的生单词。下面是我分享的英语阅读中的猜测技巧，欢迎大家阅读！
一、 借助于语境（上下文）
在猜测测生词的词义上，语境起着十分重要的作用。在多数情况下，当一个生词第一次出现时，作者总设法给出暗示以帮助读者理解词义。语境线索可以有多种情况，总的来说大约有以下几种。
1。 根据定义
例如： The people you see fighting，crashing cars or jumping from building are not actors， of course。 They are called stuntmen。 根据前句我们可以推断出stuntmen的意思是“特技演员”。
2。 根据解释
在有此文章中，某些生词的词义在下文中可得到解释或说明。这种解释常以定语从句、同位语从句、表语从句的形式出现，有时用标点符号（破折号、冒号、引号等等）引出，有时用or， that is， that is to say， in other words 等词语引出。
例如：（1） Jack is now a florist who keeps a shop for selling flowers in our district 从 who 引导的定语从句中我们知道florist的意思是花商。
（2） Capacitance， or the ability to store electric charge， is one of the most common characteristics of electronic circuits。 由同位语我们很快猜出生词capacitance的意思是电容量。
（3） Sociology is the term used to describe the scientific study of human society。由be后面的表语我们推断出 Sociology 意思是社会学。
（4） The nurse was on the night shift―from midnight to 7 a。m 句中night shift的意思可由破折号后面的内容猜出其意思是夜班巧腊。
（5） They are vertebrates， that is，anmimals that have backbones。 句中的生词vertebrates由后半部分“anmimals that have backbones”可得知其含义为脊椎动物。
3。 根据举例
有时候，除了下定义、给解释之外，作者还用举例的方法来暗示词语的意思。
例如：Defined most broadly， folklore includes all the customs， belief and tradition that people have handed down from generation to generation。 此句中， includes后面的例子基本上表示出了“folklore” 的内容范围， 即人们一代传一代的那些风俗、习惯、信仰和传统的东西。这些东西都属于通常所说的“民俗学，民俗传统”，这也就是“folklore”一词的基本含义。
4。 根据毕宽迹同义词、近义词，反义词、对比来说明生词。
例如（1） Their greatest fear was of a conflagration， since fire would destroy their flimsy wooden settlement before help could arrive。从句中fire（火），我们可得知conflagration的意思为火灾。
（2） As the fighting on the fronts reached itspeak，the economy neared its nadir。 从句中我们可手并以看出nadir和peak（高峰）意思是相反的，因此nadir的意思是低谷
（3） If youagree，write “Yes”; If you dissent，write “No”前后对比分明，由agree知道dissent是不同意，不赞成。
二、 借助构词方面的知识
1。 根据前缀猜测词义
例如：I’m illiterate about such things。
词根literate意为“有文化修养的、通晓的”，前缀il表示否定，因此illiterate指“一窍不通，不知道的”。
2。 根据后缀猜测词义
例如：Insecticide is applied where it is needed。
后缀cide表示“杀者，杀灭剂”，结合大家熟悉的词根insect（昆虫），不难猜出 insecticide意为“杀虫剂”。
3。 根据复合词的各部分猜测词义
例如：Shantizs believe his system could help recycled materials become more costeffective。
costeffictive 是由cost 和effective 合成，effective是effect 加后缀派生而来。既然“成本有效”，就是“划算的”。
三、 借助语法
即根据所猜之词在句中所处的语法位置及整句内的.语法关系来判断词义。
例如：（1） We were unable to get enough money and therefore had to abandon the project。此句为因果关系，由句中were unable to get enough money可知abandon意思是“放弃”。
（2） Mr。 Green is alwayspunctual for everything， but for some reason he was late for an important meeting last week。此句为转折句。由he was late可得知punctual的意思是“守时的，准时的”。
四、 借助生活经验和普通常识
例如：（1） The snake slithered through the grass。根据有关蛇的生活习性的知识，我们可以推断出slither词义为“爬行”。
（2） When a doctor performs an operation on a patient， he usually gives an anaesthetic to make him unconscious， because he does not want his patient to feel pain or to know what is happening to him。一般具有一点医学常识的人都知道医生在给病人动手术之前，为了减轻病人的痛苦，往往给病人注射麻醉剂，使病人失去知觉后再动手术。所以根据这一常识，通过上下文就能大致确定anaesthetic一词的意思是“麻醉剂”。
五、 借助单词的发音
即利用单词的发音来推测词义。英语中有些单词来自汉语，与汉语的发音有些相似。另外，也有一些单词译成汉语时采用的是音译法。例如：sofa（沙发），typhone（台风），aspirin（阿斯匹林），nylon（尼龙），Olymlic（奥林匹克）等。
综上所述， 利用各种已知信息推测、判断词义是一项重要的阅读技巧。在实践中， 如果我们能够灵活、 综合地运用猜测技巧， 同时注意从阅读中进一步加强语言基础知识，我们在英文阅读中就可以排除生词的障碍， 使自己的阅读理解能力大有提高，在阅读时就能够很顺利理解文章的思想内容， 提高阅读速度。
;③ 2020高考英语阅读理解猜题技巧
2020高考英语晌友阅读理解猜题技巧俗话说，得阅读者得高考!猜词题是阅读理解中相对简单的一种题型。根据多年的高考英语教学经验，我将猜词题的类型进行了具体的分类，下面是我特意为大家整理了关于2020高考英语阅读理解猜题技巧的相关材料，希望对您的工作和生活有帮助。
1.构词法;2.同义词;3.反义词;4.上下文;
5.释义法;6.因果题;7.代词题;8.常识题
下面我来举例说明。
1.构词法:前缀、后缀、复合、派生等
Car rentals are becoming more and more popular as an inexpensive way of taking to the road.
Q: The underlined word “inexpensive” means _______.
A.cheap B.happy C.good D.painful
解析:划线单词inexpensive是一个派生词，由否定前缀in和单词expensive(昂搜缺贵的)构成，意思是“不昂贵的”，故选A (便宜的)。
2.同义词(列举法)
Signal words:for example, for instance, such as, like，as---as, etc.
Collins decided that she must go, although the hazards of the trip were many, for example, the unbearable heat, the possibility of getting lost, the presence of wild animals and poisonous snakes.
Q: The underlined word "hazard" means ___________________
A. pleasure B. problem C. danger D. attraction
解析:根据划线词hazard后面的举例，“无法忍受的炎热，可能迷路，野生动物和毒蛇的出现”世谨辩，这些都属于“危险的事情”(danger)，故选C。
3.反义词
转折词:though, although, still, but, yet, instead, instead of, however, while, on the contrary, on the other hand, unlike, rather than, for one thing, for another等
Achild's birthday party doesn't have to be a hassle; instead, it can be a basket of fun, according to Beth Anaclerio, an Evaston mother of two, ages 4 and 18 months.
Q: What does the underlined word "hassle" probably mean?
A. a party designed by specialists B. a plan requiring careful thought
C. a situation causing difficulty or trouble D. a demand made by guests
解析:根据划线词hassle后的转折词instead(相反)，可以推断出hassle是与a basket of fun(一筐乐趣)意思相反。故选C (一种导致困难或麻烦的情形)。
4.上下文:利用上下文提供的情景和线索推测
Food Network procer Flay hopes the young cook will find a place on the network television. He says Lieberman’s charisma is key. “Food TV isn’t about food anymore,” says Flay. “It’s about your personality(个性)and finding a way to keep people’s eyeballs on your show.”
Q: What does the word “charisma” underlined in the text refer to?
A. A natural ability to attract others. B. A way to show one’s achievement.
C. Lieberman’s after-class interest. D. Lieberman’s fine cooking skill.
解析:charisma为非考纲词汇表上单词，其词义与下文的“It’s about your personality(个性)and finding a way to keep people’s eyeballs on your show.”有关。故选A(一种天然的吸引他人的能力)。
5.释义法:使用定语(从句)、表语、同位语、冒号、破折号、分号等解释说明
信息词: means, refers to, be called, be known as, can be defined as, in other words, that is, that is to say......
William Shakespeare said. "The web of our life is of a mingled yarn (纱线), good and ill together."
Q: The underlined word "mingled" most probably means?
A.simple B.mixed C.sad D.happy
解析:根据后文的释义，good and ill together，可以推断划线词mingled的意思是“混合的”(minxed)，故选B。
6.因果题
When some kind of pain killer (止痛药) was brought out recently, researchers found that the colours turned the customers off because they made the proct look weak and ineffective(无效的).
Q: The underlined part "the colours turned the customers off" means that the colours_______
A.Attracted the customers strongly B.Had weak effects on the customers
C.Tricked the customers into shopping D.Caused the customers to lose interest
解析:根据because后的解释，“因为他们使产品看起来软弱和无效”，可以推断出结果“导致顾客失去兴趣”。故选D。
7.代词题
信息词:one，it，that，he，him或them等指代上文提到的人或事物。
Demands for pigeon-delivered money stopped as soon as the press reported the story. And even if they start again, Chen holds little hope of catching the criminal. “We have more important things to do,” he said.
Q: The underlined word“they”in the last paragraph refers to____.
A. criminals B. pigeons C. the stolen cars D. demands for money
解析:代词指代必须符合就近原则，指代最近的上文提到的人或事物。复数代词they指代复数名词。故选D
8.常识题
Ifeel that since you are my superior (上司), it would be presumptuous of me to tell you what to do.
Q: The word "presumptuous" is closest in meaning to "____" .
A.full of respect B.rude and too confident
C.lacking in experience D.too shy and quiet
解析:常识题。在Kim看来，因为对方是自己的上司，告诉上司去做什么，会显得不礼貌(rude)、自负(too confident)。故选B。
经过分类整理，猜词题的命题思路就变得非常清晰，了解了命题思路，做题时就有了方向。
当然，要想真正掌握这些策略，还需要大量的训练实践，不断地吸收消化，最后融会贯通。
我是苗爸，“职业化家庭英语启蒙训练”推广人。我会每天分享英语启蒙和高考英语相关的原创文章。
今天的分享到此结束。我们明天再见!
④ 英语阅读理解解题技巧：猜词
1 通过因果关系猜词
通过因果关系猜词，首先是找出生词与上下文之间的逻辑关系，然后才能猜词。有时文章借助关或掘判联词表示前因后果。例如：
You shouldn’t have blamed him for that，for it wasn’t his fault.通过for引出的句子所表示的原因，可猜出blame的词义是"责备"。
2.通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词
通过同义词猜词，一是要看由and或or连接的同义词词组，如happy and *，即使我们不认识*这个词，也可以知道它是愉快的意思;二是看在进一步解释的过程中使用的同义词，如Man has known something about the planets Venus，Mars，and Jupiter with the help of spaceships.此句中的Venus、Mars、Jupiter均为生词，但只要知道planets就可猜出这几个词都属于"行星"这一义域。通过反义词猜词，一是看表转折关系的连词或副词，如but，while，however等;二是看与not搭配的或表示否定意义的词语，如：He is so homely，not at all as handsome as his brother.根据not at all...handsome我们不难推测出homely的意思，即不英俊、不漂亮的意思。
3.通衫改过构词法猜词
在阅读文章时，我们总会遇上一些新词汇，有时很难根据上下文来推断其词意，而它们对文章的理解又有着举足轻重的作用，此时，如掌握了一些常用的词根、前缀、后缀等语法知识，这些问题便不难解决了。
4.通过定义或释义关系来推测词义
例如：But sometimes，no rain falls for a long，long time.Then there is a dry period，or drought.
从drought所在句子的上文我们得知很久不下雨，于是便有一段干旱的时期，即drought，由此可见drought意思为"久旱"，"旱灾"。而a dry period和drought是同义语。这种同义或释义关系常由is，or，that is，in other words，be called或破折号等来表示。
5.通过句法功能来推测词义
例如：Bananas，oranges，pineapples，coconuts and some other kind of fruit grow in warm areas.假如pineapples和coconuts是生词，我们可以从这两个词在句中所处的位置来判断它们大致的意思。从句中不难看出pineapples，coconuts和bananas，oranges是同类关系，同属fruit类，因此它们是两样水果，准确地说，是菠萝和椰子。
6.通过描述猜词
描述即作者为帮助读者更深更感性地了解某人或某物而对该人或该物作出的外在相貌或内在特征的描写。例如：The penguin is a kind of sea bird living in the South Pole.It is fat and walks in a funny way.Although it cannot fly，it can swim in the icy water to catch the fish.从例句的描述中可以得知penguin是一种生活在南极的鸟类。后面更散枣详尽地描述了该鸟类的生活习性。
⑤ 英语阅读中的猜词技巧
英语阅读中的猜词技巧
在英语阅读中，我们自然会遇到许多生词。下面是我分享的英语阅读中的猜词技巧，欢迎大家阅读！
一、针对性解释
针对性解释是作者为了更好地表达思想，在文章中对一些重要的概念、难懂的术语或词汇等所作的解释。这些解释提供的信息具有明确的针对性，利用它们猜词义比较容易。
1.根据定义猜测词义
如果生词是句子或段落所解释的定义，理解句子或段落本身就是推断词义。例如：
Anthropology is the scientific study of man.
由定义可知，anthropology就是“研究人类的科学”。
In slang the term “jam” constitutes a state of being in which a person finds himself or herself in a difficult situation.
同样，从上下文的定义可知jam一词在俚语中的意思是“困境”。
定义句的谓语动词多为：be，mean，deal with，be considered，to be，refer to，be called，be known as，define，represent，signify，constitute等。
2.根据复述猜测词义
虽然复述不如定义那样严谨、详细，但是提供的`信息足以使阅读者猜出生词词义。复述部分可以是适当词、短语或是从句。
同位语，例如：
Semantics，the study of the meaning of words，is necessary if you are to speak and read intelligently.
此例逗号中短语意为“对词意义进行研究的学科”。该短语与前面生词semantics是同位关系，因此我们不难猜出semantics指“语义学”。
在复述中构成同位关系的两部分之间多用逗号连接，有时也使用破折号、冒号、分号、引号和括号等。
二、内在逻辑关系
根据内在逻辑关系推测词义是指运用语言知识分析和判断相关信息之间存在的逻辑关系，然后根据逻辑关系推断生词词义或大致义域。
1.根据对比关系猜测词义
在一个句子或段落中，有对两个事物或现象进行对比性的描述，我们可以根据生词或难词的反义词猜测其词义。例如：
Andrew is one of the most supercilious men I know.His brother，in contrast，is quite humble and modest.
该例中supercilious对许多人来说可能是个生词，但是句中短语in contrast（相对照的，相对比的）提示我们supercilious和后面词组humble and modest（谦卑又谦虚）是对比关系。分析出这种关系后，我们便能猜出supercilious意为“目空一切的，傲慢的”。
2.根据比较关系猜测词义
同对比关系相反，比较关系表示意义上的相似关系，例如：
Green loves to talk，and his brothers are similarly loquacious.
该句中副词similarly表明短语loves to talk与生词loquacious之间的比较关系，以此可以推断出loquacious词义为“健谈的”。
表示比较关系的词和短语主要是similarly，like，just as，also等。
3.根据因果关系猜测词义
在句子或段落中，若两个事物、现象之间构成因果关系，我们可以根据这种逻辑关系推知生词词义。例如：
Tom is considered an autocratic administrator because he makes decisions without seeking the opinions of others.
根据原因状语从句的内容，我们可以推断出生词autocratic指“独断专行的”。
There were so many demonstrort in the Red Square that he had to elbow his way through the crowd.
此句为结果状语从句，根据从句的描述“许多者”，我们便可推知elbow的词义为“挤、挤过”。
三、外部相关因素
外部相关因素是指篇章（句子或段落）以外的其他知识。有时仅靠分析篇章内在逻辑关系无法猜出词义。这时，就需要运用生活经验和普通常识确定词义。例如：
Husband ：It’s really cold out tonight.
Wife：Sure it is.My hands are practically numb.How about lighting the furnace?
根据生活经验，天气寒冷时，手肯定是“冻僵的，冻得麻木的”。
The snake slithered through the grass.
根据有关蛇的生活习性的知识，我们可以推断出slither词义为“爬行”。
综上所述，利用各种已知信息推测、判断词义是一项重要的阅读技巧。在实践中，我们可以灵活运用上面提到的几种猜测技巧，排除生词的障碍，顺利理解文章想内容，提高阅读速度和阅读的准确性。
;⑥ 如何提高英语考试阅读题的猜词技巧(3)
八、语境线索或上下文
即利用语境来推测生词含义的方法。这是我们用来推测词义的主要方法之一。
例一：The days of elderly women doing nothing but cooking huge meals on holidays are gone. Enter the Red Hat Society—a group holding the belief that old ladies should have fun.
“My grandmothers did not do anything, but keep house and serve everybody, they were programmed to do that,” said Emily Cornette, head of a chapter of the 7-year-old Red Hat Society.
根据上下文我们可以很容易得出chapter的词义为这个组织the Red Hat Society的一个分支。
例二：As regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency ( 一贯性 )is very important teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality ( 道德 ). Also, parents should realize that “example is better than precept”. If they are not sincere and don’t practice what they preach ( teach ), their children may grow confused, and emotionally insecure ( 不稳定 )when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled.
根据上下文我们可知precept的词义为“说教”。
例三：Here are some simple ways to beat the stress often caused by our inventions!
Don’t be available all the time. Turn off your mobile phone at certain times of the day. Don’t check your e-mail every day. Don’t reply to somebody as soon as they leave a text message just because you can. It may be fun at first, but it soon gets annoying.
根据语境我们知道available的词义为“可与之交谈的”或“有空的”。
例四：We found that bar at last. I didn’t have to ask again, for there it was in big letters over the window—Star Bar. There were some iron tables outside with plastic chairs around them. A few people sat listlessly around, looking at a portable television set that someone had brought out of the bar. They were all in thin summer dresses or short sleeved-shirts; even at that late hour it was stifling. Two thin dogs lay under one of the tables with their tongues out, and some of the women were fanning themselves unenthusiastically (无精打采的) with magazines.
根据语境我们猜出stifling的词义为“极热的”。
九、标点符号的暗示
例一：The days of elderly women doing nothing but cooking huge meals on holidays are gone. Enter the Red Hat Society—a group holding the belief that old ladies should have fun.
破折号后面的部分对the Red Hat Society作了解释，是“一个认为老年人应该有自己乐趣的团体”。
例二：The largest player—Shanghai Bashi Tourism Car Rental Center offers a wide variety of choices—deluxe sedans, minivans, station wagons, coaches. Santana sedans are the big favorite.
第二个破折号后面的deluxe sedans, minivans, station wagons, coaches应该指的是汽车的品牌或种类。
十、同义词的替代关系
例句：Although he often had the opportunity, Mr. Tritt was never able to steal money from a customer. This would have endangered his position at the bank, and he didn’t want to jeopardize his future.
为避免重复使用endanger一词， 用同义词jeopardize来替代它, 我们推知jeopardize词义为“使陷入危险，危及，危害”。
十一、利用主系表结构来猜词
主系表结构的句子有两种功能：一是说明主语的形状和特征;二是主语和表语是同位关系。
例一：To malign is to slander an innocent person.
表语意为“诽谤无辜的人”， 那样主语就是“中伤，诽谤”的意思。
例二：Insomnia is the inability of falling asleep or sleeping restlessly.
表语意为“睡不着”，主语Insomnia无疑就是“失眠”了。
十二、生活常识
根据日常生活中的常识和相关的背景知识，大胆想象，合理发挥，推测出生词的含义。
例一：Warm-blooded desert animals, such as rats and mice, rest ring the day, often staying in cool underground burrows.
根据常识我们知道鼠类一般藏在洞里，因此生词burrows的意思为“地洞，洞穴”。
例二：The snake slithered through the grass.
根据有关蛇的生活习性的知识，我们可以推测出slithered的词义为“爬行”。
十三、构词法
英语词汇的构词法主要有三种：派生，合成，转化构词。
我们主要利用派生构词来推断生词的含义。
词根是单词最基本的部分，表达单词的基本含义。在词根的前面或后面加上词缀，可以用来引申或转变原词的意义。一般来说，前缀改变词根的意思;后缀改变词性。
常见的前缀有：super- 超……
mini- 小型的……
re- 再，又……
post- 后
pre- 前
fore- 前
under- 下
后缀有：
-ment 名词的后缀
-less 不，无
-proof 防……的
例句：Remember that people on line may not be who they seem. Because you can’t see or even hear the person, it would be easy for someone to misrepresent himself/herself. Thus someone says “She is a 12-year-old girl ”could really be an old man.
根据语境和misrepresent的构词方式， 前缀mis-的意思是“误，错-的”，词根represent的意思是“表达，展示”之意, 合在一起我们知道misrepresent的词义为“误述，歪曲”。
十四、文中代词指代的推测
高考题年年考查对文中代词实际指代的对象。一般来说它实际指代的对象在含有代词的句子前半部分或前一句话。我们把它叫做“前指”。
例一：Demands for pigeon-delivered money stopped at noon as the press rported the story. And even if they start again, Chen holds little hope of catching the criminal.”We have more important things to do,” he said.
根据我们上面讲到的，they应该指上一句中的Demands for pigeon-delivered money。
例二：The book contained a large number of clues to help readers find the hare, but Williams put in a lot of “red herrings”, or false clues, to mislead them.
根据语境them.指代上文的readers。
虽然掌握一些猜词技巧能帮助我们猜测词义，但是我们不能只依靠这些。最重要的还是掌握全篇文。
⑦ 猜词法在英语阅读理解中的运用
猜词法在英语阅读理解中的运用有：举例法、情景法、构词法。
1、举例法。
有些生词的后面，会列举一些实例。此外，如果还有一些对比作为补充的话，就比较容易推断出这个生词的意思。例：Some trains carries cargo、such as rice、oil and military supplies（军用物资）、while others carries only passengers.
解析：cargo对大多考生来说，都是一个生词。如果根据后面表示举例的短语such as，以及所列举的一系列货物，而且，句中有一个while表对比，说明cargo和passengers是对应关系。因此可以猜测出cargo的意思应该是“货物”。
解析：可以运用构词法猜测出unwisely的意思。wise是学过的词，意思是“明智的”，加上后缀ly变成副词wisely，“明智地”，再加上否定前缀un构成其反义词unwisely，“不明智地”。同时，通过while，知道judiciously和unwisely是一对反义词，从而可以利用反义词法，进一步猜测出judiciously的意思为“明智地”。