天津中考英语任务型阅读
A. 英语任务型阅读的技巧和方法
英语任务型阅读的技巧和方法
英语任务型阅读的技巧和方法,论述类文本阅读题是每一张高考卷上都会出的题目,可是这种题目难倒了不少人,很多人都在这篇文章上错了,我和大家一起来看看英语任务型阅读的技巧和方法的相关资料。
英语任务型阅读的技巧和方法1
阅读(信息输入)→判断、分析、概括、推理(信息加工与处理)→答题(信息输出)。
具体说来,任务型阅读的解题策略包括以下四个方面:
一、 确阅读任务
任务型阅读一般提供一段或几段阅读材料,在材料后设置5 个任务,做题时我们应先阅读所给的任务,明确任务是什么,再带着任务去阅读材料,这样就能做到心中有数,有针对性地去读,并能提高阅读效率。
二、 读全文,了解大意
明确任务后,应迅速阅读全文来了解文章主要内容,以及文章的感情基调、作者的意图、态度倾向。在材料后的问题设置中,经常有对文章大意的考查。对于概括大意的题目,需要通篇考虑,对要点加以归纳概括,这类题目有时可以从文中找到答案,但有时需要用自己的话来概括。这类题,属于难度较大的题,对文章还得再读一读,才能总结出来。除此之外,还经常考查“给文章拟一个标题”。这类题目可以通过寻找主题句和高频词来完成。根据英文写作的特点,主题句往往是首句或结尾句,但当没有主题句时,则应从全文中全面、简练地去提炼、概括。文章的标题可以是单词、短语,也可以是句子,但不管是什么,确定标题必须遵循以下两个原则:① 概括性原则,即标题应在最大程度上覆盖全文,体现文章的中心大意。② 醒目性原则,即标题必须力求吸引读者的注意力。
三、 读细节,逐题攻克
(一) 寻找细节,从原文中找答案
在经过第二步泛读全文之后,对于材料后面问题的细节考查题,在文章中所处的大体位置有所了解。然后就可以采用“跳读”的方式来寻找细节在原文中的对应,跳读的目的就是为细节寻找答案。如阅读填空或填表题,这种题目要求学生通过阅读材料,获取相关信息,以填写词语或补全句子的方式完成表格或图表。还有一些题目是对文章细节的直接设问,答案通常可以从原文中找到。从各地中考题看来,是有相当比例的此类题目。
(二) 精读细节,理解深层含义
任务型阅读,也是阅读理解的一种题型,不仅考查学生直接获取信息的能力,还可考查学生通过已知信息进行推理,研究细节的暗示,推敲作者的态度,理解文章的寓义。因此,这就要求考生要具备通过已知信息进行判断推理能力和透过字面意思解读深层含义能力,这一类型题在阅读测试中属于难度较大的题目。在做这一类型的题目时,考生应在理解全文的基础上,捕捉文章中有关的信息,精读特定细节及周围的句子来帮助理解。做这一类型的题时,还需注意:① 把握文章的内在逻辑关系,以文章提供的事实和观点为依据,立足原文,推断未知。不能主观臆造,凭空想象,随意揣测,更不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点。② 在理解全文的基础上,吃透文章的字面意思,从字里行间捕捉一些线索,对文章的表面意思进行挖掘加工,悟出作者的深层含义或弦外之音。
我们可以通过以上三种方法来答题,还需要注意一下“答题要求”:
① 在答题时,总的原则就是:能简略回答,尽量简略回答。
② 书写要规范。句子开头首字母要大写;标点符号要规范,并能正确使用;单词拼写要正确无误;单词书写要认真。这些方面也要引起考生注意,力争避免不必要的失分。
③ 作出适当调整。在回答时,同学们应对照题目,根据需要对句子的人称、单复数、时态、语态、词性、主谓搭配等作出适当的调整。
四、 通读全文,仔细检查
在完成所有任务后,同学们还应结合题目再把全文通读一遍,认真核实答案,同时还应检查一下书写的规范性及句子的人称、单复数、时态、语态、词性、主谓搭配等,这是答题的最后一步,同样也很关键。因此,同学们平时应养成做完题后仔细检查的好习惯。
总之,同学们要想出色的完成任务型阅读题,不仅需要在考场上运用各种解题技巧,而且还需要在平时课内外加大阅读的训练量、扩充词汇量。要知道:理解能力的提高绝非一日之功。
成都中考英语中的填表型任务阅读解题策略
一、题型简介
这种题型只在考查学生综合运用语言的能力,即捕捉信息、组织信息和综合概括信息的能力。该题型任务可分为阅读文章和表格填空两个部分。要求考生根据所读短文,对文中的有效信息进行筛选、整合和综合概括,而后准确有序地完成表格的空缺。此类阅读话题广泛,体裁多样,内容贴近生活,富有气息。表格项目。基本上根据文章结构和作者思路设计,一般包括标题、段落大意、文章细节、结论等部分。当然把握命题人设空规律显得很重要。
二、任务型阅读解题思路和方法指导
1.解题步骤:研表一读文一填表
研表:迅速阅读表格,预测所缺单词。通过分析表格的项目内容和结构特征,从而揣测命题的目的和意图,准确把握信息范围及对文章的理解方向。要特别关注文章的'标题栏及表格前的小标题,这样有助于理解短文的大意。
读文:快速浏览全文.把握短文大意,再读文章文章内容.找准细节定位。任务型阅读要求考生解读语篇,掌握文章的框架结构和段落大意,又要求考生对具体的事实细节进行查找和定位、理解和转换。因此,在阅读文章时,考生应适时恰当地运用多种阅读技巧,对文章进行全面的理解。
填表:抓住有效细心,准确填好表格。任务型阅读考查学生通过快速阅读捕捉信息的能力,又要求对文中信息进行理解转换,并进行适当的逻辑推理和归纳总结,在填表时.力争返回原文,找出与题目有关的内容,抓住关键词汇,填好所缺单词。填好表格后,再次校对所填单词拼写是否正确.是否符合文章内容。
2.解题方法指导
(1)快速定位圈点。根据表格中所提供的细节信息,抓住关键词语,返回原文,快速捕捉,对表格中提供的信息在文中进行定位,并通过对比新旧语境,圈出不同点。
(2)巧妙运用转换。对于那些不能在原文中直接选定的答案,根据表格中对原文语义的转换,掌握设空规律,进行词形和词性的转换。巧用同义词、反义词、词语搭配等转换方式,以便提高答题正确率。
(3)掌握归纳技巧。有时表格中的最上栏或最左栏需要学生概括相应栏内的内容,常用的概括性词语有:原因(reason/cause)、方法(way/means)、优缺点(advantage/disadvantage)、观点(opinion/view)、建议(advice/tip/suggestions)、目的(aim/purpose)、问题(problem)、影响和结果(effect/result)、个人信息(name/age/occupation/personality)等。掌握这些概括性词语,可以帮助学生迅速准确地完成答题任务。
(4)注意答题细节。审清表格,注意表格中所缺单词的排列顺序,特别要留神写到答题卡上的单词序号:正确拼写单词,注意首字母的大小写、名词的单复数、主谓一致及非谓语动词的使用等。另外,书写工整在答题的过程中也十分重要。
总之,任务型阅读不同于传统的阅读理鳃.这就要求学生在平时学习过程中夯实基础,加强常用词汇的积累,培养自己的创新思维,并养成细心答题的好习惯。
附阅读填空解题技巧(中考英语6选5,高考英语7选5)
阅读填空题题型详解分析
分析篇章结构,把握全篇文脉是阅读填空题解题的关键,英语的语篇(discourse)通常是由句子和语段(sentence group)构成的,语段是句子和语篇之间的中间层次,句子虽然能够单独地表达相对完整的思想,但是它不能表达多方面的、比较复杂的思想,只有把几个句子结合为较大的言语片段,才能表达一个相对独立的层意,所谓的“积句而成章,积章而成篇。”就是这个道理。分析文章的层次包含两种形式:一种是分析整篇文章的层次,也就是段落,另一种是分析每一个段落内部的层次,也就是语篇层次。语篇与段落是有区别的,语段是篇章结构的中间层次,是由句子到篇的一种过渡形式,段落(paragraph)是在某些语体(如记叙文、议论文)中比语段更大的意义单位,较小的段落可以只包括一个语段或一个句子,一般来说,一个段落通常由几个语段构成。构成语段的方式有两种,一是靠句际间意义的结合,二是靠句际间的关联词,逻辑性插入语来连接,我们在分析语段层次时,可以借助句际间的连接词语作出判断,但最主要的还是要真正体会句际间的意义关系,把握作者的思路,从语序上去发现断续点,理清层次,好文章的层次非常清晰,只要层层入手,才能真正理解文章。
第二节(共5小题:每小题2分, 满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有
两项为多余选项。
Taking good notes is a time-saving skill that will help you to become
a batter student in several ways71 Second, your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test、 Third, note-taking offers variety to your study time and helps you to hold your interest、
You will want to take notes ring classroom discussions and while
reading a textbook or doing research for a report、72 Whenever or however you take notes, keep in mind that note-taking is a selective process、73
The following methods may work best for you、
●Read the text quickly to find the main facts and ideas in it、
●Carefully read the text and watch for words that can show main points and
supporting facts、
● Write your notes in your own words、
● 74
● Note any questions or ideas you may have about what was said or written、
As you take notes, you may want to use your own shorthand(速记)、 When you do, be sure that you understand your symbols and that you use them
all the time、75
A、 Use words, not complete sentences、
B、 There are three practical note-taking methods、
C、 You must write your notes on separate paper、
D、 Otherwise, you may not be able to read your notes later、
E、 you will also want to develop your own method for taking notes、
F、 That means you must first decide what is important enough to include in your
notes、
G、 First, the simple act of writing something down makes it easier
for you to understand and remember it、
71、 G 72、 E 73、 F 74、 A 75、 D
【例题解析】
这篇文章整体分为四个段落层次,每个段落均由几个语段构成相对独立地语义单位,各段都围绕“Taking good notes”这样一个中心话题,形成了文章的线性结构;第一段讲述的是做笔记是好学生在多方面的一项省时技巧,第二段讲述的是不管何时、用何种方法做笔记,都要有选择性的做记录,第三段讲述的是做笔记的最佳方法,第四段讲述的是要记住自己的速记符号,这就形成了文章的层次结构,这对下一步的做题有了明确的整体方向。
英语任务型阅读的技巧和方法2
一、常考的题型
任务型阅读在中考英语试卷中,不同地区考查类型不同,但常考的主要有四种类型。第一种是回答问题型,第二种是完成表格型,第三种是还原短文型,最后一种是综合型。
我们先来看看问题型,这个类型题,要求同学们根据所给材料回答问题,从问题所涉及的内容上看,题目难度并不是很大,但是同学们失分比较多,主要原因还是语言基础不够扎实,或者是答题细节方面不够准确。
再说一说完成表格类型题,这类题,相对于其他几个类型来说,能简单一些,要求我们在理解短文的基础上,能够对短文的信息进行归纳,加工处理来完成表格。
对于还原短文型阅读理解有两种形式,一种是选择句子还原短文,另一种是排列段落还原短文。这类题,主要考查同学们对短文整体结构的理解,大家要分清句子与段落之间的逻辑关系。
最后一类是综合型,主要是对上述各种题型的综合,在问题设计上兼顾了上面多种类型,所以大家在答这类题的时候,一定要非常细致,要在原材料中,认真的收集有用信息。
二、解题方法和技巧
结合近几年的中考试题来看,我们会发现,材料后的题目设计并不是很难,但是同学们在实际做题过程中,经常会犯一些小错误,导致不必要的失分。因此我们有必要让同学们掌握一些解题方法。大家在做这类题的时候可以从以下几点入手:
1、明确阅读任务
同学们在做题的时候,首先要先阅读所给的任务,明确任务是什么,再带着任务去阅读,这样就能做到心中有数,有针对性地去读,才能提高阅读效率。
2、读全文,了解大意
明确任务后,要迅速阅读全文来了解文章主要内容,以及文章的感情基调、作者的意图等。因为大家知道在材料后的问题设置中,经常有对文章大意的考查。对于概括大意的题目,需要全篇考虑,这类题目有时可以从文中直接找到答案,但有时需要用自己的话来概括。这类题难度较大,对文章还得再读一读,才能总结出来。
除此之外,还经常考查给文章拟标题。这类题目可以通过寻找主题句和高频词来完成。主题句往往是首句或尾句,但如果没有主题句,就可以从短文中去提炼、概括。确定标题同学们必须遵循两个原则,第一个是标题要有概括性,就是说标题应在最大程度上覆盖全文,体现文章的中心大意;第二个是标题要醒目,即标题要吸引读者的注意力。
3、 再次阅读,逐题突破
第一遍泛读之后,同学们对后面的问题,已经有所了解,然后大家就可以用跳读的方式来寻找答案。还有一类情况大家要注意,就是要求同学们要解读深层含义的题。这一类题属于难度较大的题。在做这一类型题的时候,同学们要捕捉文章中有关的信息,把握文章的内在逻辑关系,立足原文,从字里行间捕捉一些线索,悟出作者想表达的深层含义。
4、通读全文,仔细检查
在完成所有任务后,同学们还应结合题目再把全文通读一遍,认真核实答案,同时必须检查一下书写是否规范,句子的时态、人称、单复数、语态、词性、主谓搭配等是否正确,这是答题的最后一步,也是很关键的一步。
完成上面的答题程序后,我们还要注意下面三点: 第一个是能简略回答,尽量简略回答。第二要记住,句子开头首字母要大写;标点符号要规范;单词拼写要正确无误,书写要认真。第三点同学们切记,要对照题目,根据需要对句子的人称,时态,单复数,主谓搭配等方面进行核对。
B. 初中英语任务型阅读的技巧和方法
初中英语任务型阅读的技巧和方法
初中英语任务型阅读的技巧和方法,做这种阅读题的时候是要有一定的技巧,掌握了这些技巧做这类题目就不是难事了,下面大家就跟随我一起来看看初中英语任务型阅读的技巧和方法的相关知识吧,希望对大家能有所帮助。
初中英语任务型阅读的技巧和方法1
一、考点分析
任务型阅读是“阅读理解”的另一种形式,综合考查学生归纳概括能力和语篇结构理解能力。其内容涉及广泛,要求学生在阅读理解的基础上,完成一项任务或解决一个问题。所以“任务型阅读”是介于阅读理解和写作之间,其任务已不同于阅读理解中的选择题或书面表达,而是在理解文字的基础上,完成相应的图表或文字练习,从而有效地测试学生用英语“做事”的能力。根据任务类型,常见题型有以下四种:
1、完成表格型
此类任务型阅读要求我们在理解文本信息的基础上,根据材料提供的直接信息或由我们推理、提炼后的间接信息完成题目要求的任务。其阅读内容更贴近学生的生活实际,任务的设置变化多样,不光有简单信息的捕捉,而且有阅读短文,通过对短文信息的归纳,加工处理,运用语言逻辑推理和思维能力来完成表格。
2、回答问题型
此类任务型阅读要求我们根据短文、表格、图片或图文结合的材料回答命题者设定的问题,所设置的任务通过事实或细节的查找就能完成,与普通阅读理解的解题方法相似,只是题目设计采用了主观题形式,没有给出选项,需要我们从材料中寻求信息,以一个完整的句子,或者是其适当的缩略形式作答。从问题所涉及的内容看,考查文本表层理解多于深层理解,其设计的问题多为五W或一般疑问句的细节性问题,而涉及推理判断、文章主旨、写作意图及作者态度、感受等的题目则少之又少。此类题型是学生失分较多的题型之一,要求学生有较扎实的语言基础和较强的综合运用英语的能力。
3、句子还原型
还原短文型“阅读理解”题有两种形式:即选择句子还原短文和排列段落还原短文。第一种形式要求考生根据短文内容,从文后所给的句子中选出适当的句子填入短文空白处。第二种形式是给出一篇200~300个词的短文,要求考生根据短文内容和结构,将顺序打乱的段落重新排序,有时首段或尾段的位置已给出。这种题型旨在考查考生对短文整体结构的理解能力,要求考生从短文的篇章结构的层面上把握短文,了解其大概意思和结构,分清句子或段落之间的逻辑关系,然后还原成短文的原貌。
4、多元综合型
此类任务型阅读是上述各种题型的综合,可以给出不同的任务让学生逐一完成。一般是在问题设计上兼顾了多种类型,既有根据短文设计的问答题和相应的翻译题、句型转换等,又有根据内容完成句子,完成这一题型应非常细致,应认真地到原材料中收集有用的信息,并且经过整理输出信息。在明白题意和文意的基础上,仔细阅读后面的题目要求,根据实际情况去完成所要求的任务。
二、解题步骤
1、认真审题,读懂题意
由于题目要求形式多样,在同一篇阅读材料中会要求完成不同的任务,因此解题前要先明确任务,做到心中有数。
2、快速阅读,掌握大意
在做题时要快速扫视一下文章的大意,然后结合前面的题目的要求,大致明白所要完成的任务。
3、细读题目,完成任务
在明白题意和文章意思的基础上,仔细阅读后面的题目要求,在原文中找出问题题干所包括的`信息部分,这样就可以快速准确地抓住有效信息,确保答题的准确性。如果是根据英文释义写单词的题,则一定要确保所填的单词来源于原文,切不可脱离原文,随意发挥。
4、复读文章,核实任务
在初步完成所要求的任务以后,学生必须再仔细阅读所提供的短文,结合题意、文章和文后提供的任务信息、认真核实任务以保证答题正确。
5、注意读写结合
任务型阅读不仅考查学生阅读理解层面的能力,更加注重考查学生“写”的能力。若是写单词,则要注意拼写正确,词形、词性有无变化,是否需要大写;若所要完成的是短语或句子成分,则需谨慎对待,依据所给题干分析要完成的是什么句子成分,需用什么样的表达方式,不可简单草率地将文中信息直接挪用。
总之,任务型阅读理解不同于传统的阅读理解,它介于阅读理解与写作之间,教师应该适应新课改的要求,掌握任务型阅读理解的特点,加强学生任务型阅读能力的培养。
初中英语任务型阅读的技巧和方法2
任务型阅读都有哪些类型
一、常考的题型
任务型阅读在中考英语试卷中,不同地区考查类型不同,但常考的主要有四种类型。第一种是回答问题型,第二种是完成表格型,第三种是还原短文型,最后一种是综合型。
我们先来看看问题型,这个类型题,要求同学们根据所给材料回答问题,从问题所涉及的内容上看,题目难度并不是很大,但是同学们失分比较多,主要原因还是语言基础不够扎实,或者是答题细节方面不够准确。
再说一说完成表格类型题,这类题,相对于其他几个类型来说,能简单一些,要求我们在理解短文的基础上,能够对短文的信息进行归纳,加工处理来完成表格。
对于还原短文型阅读理解有两种形式,一种是选择句子还原短文,另一种是排列段落还原短文。这类题,主要考查同学们对短文整体结构的理解,大家要分清句子与段落之间的逻辑关系。
最后一类是综合型,主要是对上述各种题型的综合,在问题设计上兼顾了上面多种类型,所以大家在答这类题的时候,一定要非常细致,要在原材料中,认真的收集有用信息。
二、解题方法和技巧
结合近几年的中考试题来看,我们会发现,材料后的题目设计并不是很难,但是同学们在实际做题过程中,经常会犯一些小错误,导致不必要的失分。因此我们有必要让同学们掌握一些解题方法。大家在做这类题的时候可以从以下几点入手:
1、明确阅读任务
同学们在做题的时候,首先要先阅读所给的任务,明确任务是什么,再带着任务去阅读,这样就能做到心中有数,有针对性地去读,才能提高阅读效率。
2、读全文,了解大意
明确任务后,要迅速阅读全文来了解文章主要内容,以及文章的感情基调、作者的意图等。因为大家知道在材料后的问题设置中,经常有对文章大意的考查。对于概括大意的题目,需要全篇考虑,这类题目有时可以从文中直接找到答案,但有时需要用自己的话来概括。这类题难度较大,对文章还得再读一读,才能总结出来。
除此之外,还经常考查给文章拟标题。这类题目可以通过寻找主题句和高频词来完成。主题句往往是首句或尾句,但如果没有主题句,就可以从短文中去提炼、概括。确定标题同学们必须遵循两个原则,第一个是标题要有概括性,就是说标题应在最大程度上覆盖全文,体现文章的中心大意;第二个是标题要醒目,即标题要吸引读者的注意力。
3、再次阅读,逐题突破
第一遍泛读之后,同学们对后面的问题,已经有所了解,然后大家就可以用跳读的方式来寻找答案。还有一类情况大家要注意,就是要求同学们要解读深层含义的题。这一类题属于难度较大的题。在做这一类型题的时候,同学们要捕捉文章中有关的信息,把握文章的内在逻辑关系,立足原文,从字里行间捕捉一些线索,悟出作者想表达的深层含义。
4、通读全文,仔细检查
在完成所有任务后,同学们还应结合题目再把全文通读一遍,认真核实答案,同时必须检查一下书写是否规范,句子的时态、人称、单复数、语态、词性、主谓搭配等是否正确,这是答题的最后一步,也是很关键的一步。
完成上面的答题程序后,我们还要注意下面三点: 第一个是能简略回答,尽量简略回答。第二要记住,句子开头首字母要大写;标点符号要规范;单词拼写要正确无误,书写要认真。第三点同学们切记,要对照题目,根据需要对句子的人称,时态,单复数,主谓搭配等方面进行核对。
C. 2020年天津中考英语任务型阅读中What you like is part of what makes you you!是什么意思求解
汉语意思是:你所喜欢的是你之所以成为你的一部分。
D. 八年级英语任务型阅读技巧
1.对于选择疑问句回答,直接回答or前后部分,回答时注意冠词a/an/the和数词
2.以why提问的,用because+句子回/because of+名词回答
3.回答中答(除选择疑问句外)不能把动词原形放在句首,句子要有主语,可用人称代词主格
4.那人物性格时,用形容词或表示性格特点的句子回答,要在文中着要点
5.注意问题和回答所用的代词:问you答we,问the writer(不明性别)答he
6.问when…,回答用介词+时间
7.问how do…(如何…),回答用by+doing或through+sth
以上是我初中阶段总结的任务型阅读的答题方法(我是今年刚刚参加中考的),这些方法还是蛮有效的,但要在平时练习中经常使用才能灵活变通,记住有时要具体题目具体分析呦~
E. 英语任务型阅读
近几年在各地中考英语试题中,又出现一种新题型——务型阅读。它是根据任务型教学设计而成的,它是介于阅读理解与书面表达之间的一种题型。它要求学生在阅读文章后能对文章中某些细节做到准确把握或对整篇文章进行提炼概括,是一种读写结合的题型。这种题型既考查学生的阅读理解能力,也考查学生的分析问题、解决问题的能力,还考查学生运用英语语言将有关内容以文字形式正确地表达出来的能力。
纵观近几年的中考试题,不难发现阅读材料难度整体适中,材料后的题目设计难度并不很大,但是学生在实际做题过程中,经常会犯一些错误,导致不必要的失分。因此我们有必要让同学们掌握一些解题方法。完成任务型阅读的过程就是:阅读(信息输入)→判断、分析、概括、推理(信息加工与处理)→答题(信息输出)。具体说来,任务型阅读的解题策略包括以下四个方面:
一、 确阅读任务
任务型阅读一般提供一段或几段阅读材料,在材料后设置5 个任务,做题时我们应先阅读所给的任务,明确任务是什么,再带着任务去阅读材料,这样就能做到心中有数,有针对性的去读,并能提高阅读效率。
二、 读全文,了解大意
明确任务后,应迅速阅读全文来了解文章主要内容,以及文章的感情基调、作者的意图、态度倾向。在材料后的问题设置中,经常有对文章大意的考查。对于概括大意的题目,需要通篇考虑,对要点加以归纳概括,这类题目有时可以从文中找到答案,但有时需要用自己的话来概括。这类题,属于难度较大的题,对文章还得再读一读,才能总结出来。除此之外,还经常考查“给文章拟一个标题”。这类题目可以通过寻找主题句和高频词来完成。根据英文写作的特点,主题句往往是首句或结尾句,但当没有主题句时,则应从全文中全面、简练地去提炼、概括。文章的标题可以是单词、短语,也可以是句子,但不管是什么,确定标题必须遵循以下两个原则:① 概括性原则,即标题应在最大程度上覆盖全文,体现文章的中心大意。② 醒目性原则,即标题必须力求吸引读者的注意力。
三、 读细节,逐题攻克
(一) 寻找细节,从原文中找答案
在经过第二步泛读全文之后,对于材料后面问题的细节考查题,在文章中所处的大体位置有所了解。然后就可以采用“跳读”的方式来寻找细节在原文中的对应,跳读的目的就是为细节寻找答案。如阅读填空或填表题,这种题目要求学生通过阅读材料,获取相关信息,以填写词语或补全句子的方式完成表格或图表。还有一些题目是对文章细节的直接设问,答案通常可以从原文中找到。从各地中考题看来,是有相当比例的此类题目。
(二) 精读细节,理解深层含义
任务型阅读,也是阅读理解的一种题型,不仅考查学生直接获取信息的能力,还可考查学生通过已知信息进行推理,研究细节的暗示,推敲作者的态度,理解文章的寓义。因此,这就要求考生要具备通过已知信息进行判断推理能力和透过字面意思解读深层含义能力,这一类型题在阅读测试中属于难度较大的题目。在做这一类型的题目时,考生应在理解全文的基础上,捕捉文章中有关的信息,精读特定细节及周围的句子来帮助理解。做这一类型的题时,还需注意:① 把握文章的内在逻辑关系,以文章提供的事实和观点为依据,立足原文,推断未知。不能主观臆造,凭空想象,随意揣测,更不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点。② 在理解全文的基础上,吃透文章的字面意思,从字里行间捕捉一些线索,对文章的表面意思进行挖掘加工,悟出作者的深层含义或弦外之音。
我们可以通过以上三种方法来答题,还需要注意一下“答题要求”
① 在答题时,总的原则就是:能简略回答,尽量简略回答。
② 书写要规范。句子开头首字母要大写;标点符号要规范,并能正确使用;单词拼写要正确无误;单词书写要认真。这些方面也要引起考生注意,力争避免不必要的失分。
③ 作出适当调整。在回答时,同学们应对照题目,根据需要对句子的人称、单复数、时态、语态、词性、主谓搭配等作出适当的调整。
四、 通读全文,仔细检查
在完成所有任务后,同学们还应结合题目再把全文通读一遍,认真核实答案,同时还应检查一下书写的规范性及句子的人称、单复数、时态、语态、词性、主谓搭配等,这是答题的最后一步,同样也很关键。因此,同学们平时应养成做完题后仔细检查的好习惯。
总之,同学们要想出色的完成任务型阅读题,不仅需要在考场上运用各种解题技巧,而且还需要在平时课内外加大阅读的训练量、扩充词汇量。要知道:理解能力的提高绝非一日之功。
F. 【2012年天津中考英语试题及答案】2019天津中考英语答案
2012年天津市初中毕业生学业考试英语试卷
第Ⅰ卷 (本卷共四大题,共75分)满分120分,考试时间100分钟。
一、听力理解(本大题共30小题,每小题1分,共30分)略。
二、单项填空(本大题共15小题,每小题1分,共15分)。
从下列第小题所给的A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中,选芹腔出可盯枝以填嫌则衫入空白处的最佳选项。
31. —What do you think of ________ film about Zhan Tianyou? —It’s ________ good film.
A. the; the B. a; the C. the; a D. a; a
32. —Why didn’t Sally play the violin at the concert last night?
—She said that her hand hurt, but that was only a(n) ________. I saw her play tennis just now.
A. matter B. excuse C. result D. expression
33. All the students are talking and laughing in the classroom and it’s ________.
A. noisy B. lonely C. quiet D. strict
34. —Would you please show me the way ________ the bank? —Yes, go straight ahead. It’s opposite a school.
A. in B. for C. with D. to
35. We have never visited the museum, but we have ________ it.
A. stood for B. belonged to C. heard about D. kept to
36. Who listens ________, Tom, Jack or Bill?
A. the most carefully B. more carefully C. the most careful D. more careful
37. A snake bit him ________ he went to see a doctor at once.
A. if B. where C. because D. so
38. I have been to Shanghai. I ________ there last month.
A. go B. went C. have gone D. will go
39. They were all very tired, but ________ of them took a rest.
A. none B. all C. both D. either
40. The cloth ________ very soft and comfortable.
A. smells B. tastes C. feels D. sounds
41. —Why don’t you go out to play, Rose? —I’m afraid I can’t. I have much homework ________.
A. do B. does C. doing D. to do
42. The 30th Olympic Games ________ in London soon.
A. held B. will be held C. were held D. have been held
43. —Can you tell me ________? —With Lucy’s help.
A. when you did it so well B. when did you do it so well C. how you did it so well D. how did you do it so well
44. Please pass me the cartoon book ________ has a Mickey Mouse on the cover.
A. whom B. whose C. who D. which
45. —I will have a match tomorrow. I hope I will win. —________.
A. Good luck B. No idea C. That’s such a pity D. It’s all right
三、完形填空(本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分)。
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从各题所给的A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
People all over the world celepate the New Year. However, not all countries celepate in the same way, and in some countries, the New Year doesn’t begin on the date very year.
In many countries, the New Year begins on 1st January, but people start celepating on 31st December, New Year’s Eve. In New York many people go to celepate in Times Square. they’re waiting for the New Year, they listen to music, sing traditional songs and have fun. Just before 12 o’clock, everyone down from 10: 10, 9, 8… As soon as it’s 12 o’clock, everyone shouts very , “Happy New Year!”
New Year’s Day is often a family day. Some families get together for a special meal. When the weather is fine, many families go out for a
On New Year’s Day, many people make resolutions for the New Year. They a list of things, such as “I will help out more with housework. I will work at school than others, or I won’t spend so much time playing video games.” When they have made list, they read it to their family or friends and promise to their resolutions.
So it doesn’t matter how they celepate, people in countries all over the world, it’s a time to say goodbye to the old year, and to welcome the new.
46. A. familiar B. same C. important D. normal
47. A. If B. Even though C. While D. Before
48. A. comes B. turn C. looks D. counts
49. A. loudly B. quietly C. sadly D. safely
50. A. walk B. secret C. job D . treatment
51. A. put on B. write down C. take away D. look after
52. A. quickly B. hard C. harder D. hardly
53. A. its B. his C. her D . their
54. A. follow B. make C. do D. give
55. A. by B. for C. with D. from
四、阅读理解,阅读下面的材料,从每小题所给的A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Some children are afraid to go to the dentist, but not me. I’m a boy of 8 and I have a funny dentist. His name is Dr. Smileyface. I don’t think that’s his real name, but that’s what he tells all the children who come to see him.
He has a cool waiting room. It has video games and a big toy box. Dr. Smileyface always wears funny hats. Sometimes he has his face painted. He asks funny questions like “Are you married yet?” and “Do you eat flowers to make your peath smell so sweet?” That makes me laugh. One time, he told me this joke, “What has lots of teeth but never goes to the dentist? A comb!” When I laughed, he pulled my tooth. It didn’t hurt at all! He also teaches me how to take care of my teeth in an interesting way. Before I leave, he always gives me a surprise. Last week he gave me a toy ship and I liked it very much.
56. How does the writer feel when he goes to the dentist?
A. Angry. B. Afraid. C. Sad. D. Happy.
57. What does Dr. Smileyface teach the writer to do?
A. How to laugh. B. How to take care of his teeth. C. To eat flowers. D. To paint his face.
58. What did Dr. Smileyface give the writer last week?
A. A toy ship. B. A toy box. C. A comb. D. Flowers.
B
We provide summer English courses and you will enjoy learning about American culture and improve your English. The courses last for 4 weeks. They start at the beginning of July and August. Our teachers are very experienced. They teach English classes for 4 hours a day. You can choose between small groups of 2 or 3, or larger groups of up to 15. We provide weekly tests to see the progress you’re making with your language skills. We also provide books and other materials.
As well as learning English, we want you to experience life in the USA. You live with an American family and take part in American life. You have meals with them and do some activities with them, too. This is the most interesting part of the course. Many families create friendships with the students. Of course, if you prefer, we can arrange hotel accommodation.
Of course, you can do many things in Los Angeles. Every day we have activities after class. You can choose to take trips to Hollywood, Disneyland or the famous beaches around LA. You can also go to various shopping centres, sports centres, movies and concerts. There are also weekend visits organized to San Francisco and other places of interest in California.
Well, if you’re interested, please fill in our application form where you will also find our list of prices. The course must be paid for one month before it begins.
59. How long do the English courses last?
A. 4 days. B. 2 weeks. C. 3 weeks. D. 4 weeks.
60. Why do organizers (组织者) advise students to live with American families?
A. Students are not rich enough to live in hotels.
C. Students can experience life in the USA.
food.
61. What’s the title of Paragraph 3?
A. Teaching
C. Sightseeing and Other Activities
62. What’s the passage about?
A. A description of an English book.
C. A description of life in Los Angeles. B. Students can have meals with American families. D. Students can teach American how to cook Chinese B. Accommodation and Food D. The Famous Beaches Around LA B. A description of an English course. D. A description of weekend visits to San Francisco.
C
Now, more and more cities are facing problems, such as high housing costs, pollution and crime. Let’s see what people in Hyderabad, India and in Sao Paulo, Brazil do to solve (解决) the problems.
Hyderabad, India
To improve people’s lives, Hyderabad is planting more and more trees. The city is even creating buildings that use less water and less electricity for power. Adding green to a city has a number of advantages. For example, trees make the air cleaner. In Hyderabad, streets were grey and dirty in the past. However, today they are filled with trees and flowers, making the city cleaner and more colourful. Green areas also give people places to relax or exercise. A study in the USA shows an interesting thing: the greener a neighborhood is, the less crime there is. Sao Paulo, Brazil
Many people work in the centre of Sao Paulo, but they don’t live there. They’ve spread out to neighborhoods outside the city because housing is cheaper. Every day, these people travel into the city, and traffic is very heavy. City planners are using different ways to deal with (处理) the problem. First, they are building better subways. Another goal is to make it cheaper for people to live in the downtown area (中心区). Doing this will rece traffic and pollution in the city.
63. What does the underlined word “greener” mean?
A. Taller. B. Easier. C. Better for the environment. D. More pightly coloured.
64. Which advantage of making Hyderabad greener is NOT talked about in the passage?
A. It helps people work better. B. It makes the city cleaner.
C. It reces crime. D. It makes it easier to exercise.
65. According to the passage, what problem does Sao Paulo have?
A. A lot of people don’t have jobs. B. Too many people live in the city centre.
C. A lot of people are moving out of the city. D. Too many people travel into the city every day.
第Ⅱ卷(非选择题,共五大题,共45分)
五、完成句子(本大题共5小题,每小题2分,共10分),根据所给中文意思完成句子,每空限填一词。
66. 我经常帮助妈妈收拾房间。 I often help my mum to ___________ ___________ the room.
67. 2010年以来,这个地区发生了很大的变化。
Great changes have ___________ ___________ in this area since 2010.
68. 他们正在建一条隧道,它将穿过这座山。
They are building a tunnel, and it will ___________ ___________ the mountain.
69. 他现在不在办公室。 He isn’t in the office ___________ ___________.
70. 我想下个星期顺便看望一下吉尔。 I think I’ll ___________ ___________ on Jill next week.
六、补全对话(本大题共5小题,每小题1分,共5分)根据对话内容,在每小题的空白处填入适当的话语,全对话意思完整。
(Betty is talking with her friend Daming on the phone.)
Daming: Hello, this is Daming. Who’s that?
Betty: This is Betty. I want to visit your hometown—Tianjin. Can you give me some suggestions?
Daming: Betty: Daming: Yes, you are right. It’s usually very hot in summer.
Betty: Daming: I think you’d better come in October.
Betty: ?
Daming: Because the weather starts go get cooler and the trees start to change colour.
Betty: ?
Daming: You can visit many places of interest here, such as Tianjin Ancient Culture Street and you can also try some traditional Chinese food.
Betty: I’m looking forward to visiting Tianjin. Thank you for your suggestions. Bye-bye.
Daming: Bye-bye. I hope to see you soon.
七、任务型阅读(本大题共5小题,每小题1分,共5分)阅读下面短文,根据内容完成句子。
Gregg Bleakney’s dream was to travel the Americas from top to bottom. He got the idea after he finished a long bike ride. Gregg’s friend, Brooks Allen, also liked riding a bike. The two friends talked and made a plan: they would travel from Alaska to Argentina—by bike.
To pay for the trip, Gregg and Brooks worked to save money for a long time. Once they were on the road, they often camped outdoors and ate cheaply. In many places, local people opened their doors to the two friends and gave them food.
On their way, there were deserts, rainforests and mountains. They visited modern cities and ancient ruins (遗迹) such as Machu Picchu in Peru. And they made many friends from all over the world.
In May 2007—two years, twelve countries, and over 30,500 kilometres later —Gregg finally reached Ushuaia, Argentina. (Near Guatemala, Brooks had to go back and Gregg continued without him.)
The trip taught both men a lot about traveling. What did they learn? Here is some of Gregg’s advice:
Travel light. You shouldn’t carry many things with you.
Be flexible (灵活). Don’t plan everything. Then you’ll be more relaxed and pleased especially if there are problems.
Be polite. One traveler told Gregg, “Nobody wants to fight or cheat a nice man.” It’s true.
76. Gregg Bleakney’s dream was to 77. Before traveling, the two friends to pay for the trip.
78. got to Ushuaia, Argentina in May 2007.
79. According to the passage, if you plan everything for a trip, 80. One traveler told Gregg that nobody wanted to 八、综合填空(本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分)。根据短文内容及首字母提示,填写所缺单词,使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。
my friend David worked day and night, he was still not rich. One day, when he arrived after work, he found his 3-year-old daughter was money and became angry with her. He even his daughter by beating her. However, the little girl pought the box to her father the next morning and said, “This is for you, Daddy. Merry Christmas!” He was embarrassed (尴尬) by his overreaction (过激反应), but he became angry a 85 when he found the box was empty.
He shouted at her, “Don’t you know that when you give someone a present, there should be sinside it?” in her eyes and said, “Oh, Daddy. I blew kisses in the box. I filled it with . All for you, Daddy.”
to her. Later, David told me that he kept that box by his bed for years. When he was discouraged (情绪低落), he would take out an imaginary (想像的 the love of the child.
九、书面表达(本大题共15分)。
假如你有两位同学——芳芳和明明,参加了上个星期二学校组织的英语演讲比赛,他们的不同表现使你深有感触。请你根据下列表格中的内容提示写一篇英语短文。
参考词汇:英语演讲比赛 English Speech Contest
要求:1. 词数:80~100个;2. 短文开头已给出,不计入总词数;3. 要点齐全,行文连贯,可适当发挥。
Last Tuesday Fangfang and Mingming entered the English Speech Contest in our school. What they did made me think deeply.
Before the contest. Fangfang thought
参考答案
二、31~35 CBADC 36~40 ADBAC 41~45 DBCDA
三、46~50 BCDAA 51~55 BCDAB
四、56~60 DBADC 61~65 CBCAD
五、66. tidy up 67. taken place 68. go through 69. right now 70. drop in 六、71. Yes, I can / Certainly / Of course / Sure
72. Is it very hot in summer
73. When is the best time to visit Tianjin / When shall I visit Tianjin
74. Why do you think so
75. What can I do there
七、76. travel the Americas from top to bottom
77. worked to save money for a long time
78. Gregg
79. you won’t be more relaxed or pleased especially if there are problems
80. fight or cheat a nice man
八、81. although 82. home 83. wasting 84. punished
86. something 87. tears 88. love 89. sorry
85. again 90. remember
G. 中考英语动态:中考英语 4步解答“任务型阅读”
近几年的全国中考英语试题中的“阅读理解”题的命题形式呈多样化趋势,尤其是任务型阅读这一新题型的加入使得“阅读理解”题的难度有所增加,本市从去年正式把任务型阅读引入到中考试卷中。
一、任务型阅读的形式
1.判断正误型
这类题型考查学生的分析、理解、应用、归纳和判断能力,根据文章内容对所给题干判断正误。这类题型的题干与原文差别很小,如不细心或理解稍有偏颇就会判断错误。
2.回答问题型
此类题型是对文章的理解能力和对语言的组织能力的考查。要求学生通过对文章的理解,用简洁的语言,用自己所拥有的英语知识对所提问题进行回答。此类题型是近年来各省市中考题的热点题型之一,也是学生失分较多的题型之一,要求学生有较扎实的语言基础和较强的综合运用英语的能力。
3.阅读填空型
这种题目要求考生通过阅读材料,获取相关信息,以填写词语或补全句子的方式完成表格或图表,这种题目中所填的词或词组往往具有很高的概括性和准确性,因此,考生必须认真阅读材料,尽可能地从短文中找到所要填写的内容,必要时也需进行适当修改。
4.阅读选择型
这种选择题和四选一的题目不同,可以选择句子或图片,回答相关的问题,做题时可以从易到难,抓住关键词,逐项排除,最后确定答案。
5.阅读改写句子型
这种题目要求在阅读材料的基础上,根据命题要求,改写文中画线的句子,或将文中的某一个句子译成英语等。
6.阅读排序型
可以是给段落排序,也可以是给插图排序。这种题目要求考生对所读材料要充分全面理解,在内心能勾画出话题发生地时间、发展的情节及连贯性,才能准确应答。
7.其他
短文改写,根据短文完 成表格或根据表格完成短文,根据释义写出文中出现的单词,或要求学生阅读一段文字,并根据文中所提供的信息画出示意图,如:路径、空间位置的设计图、物体形状图等,考查学生运用语言去做事的能力。
二、任务型阅读的解题步骤
步骤1.明确任务。由 于题目要求形式多样,在同一篇阅读材料中会要求完成不同的任务,因此解题前要先明确任务,做到心中有数。
步骤2.一一对应,紧扣原文。 即在原文中找出问题题干所包括的信息部分,这样就可以快速准确地抓住有效信息,确保答题的准确性。如果是根据英文释义写单词的题,则一定要确保所填的单词来源于原文,切不可脱离原文,随意发挥。
步骤3.注意读写结合。 任务型阅读不仅考查学生阅读理解层面的能力,更加注重考查学生“写”的能力。若是写单词,则要注意拼写正确,词形、词性有无变化,是否需要大写;若所要完成的是短语或句子成分,则需谨慎对待,依据所给题干分析要完成的是什么句子成分,需用什么样的表达方式,不可简单草率地将文中信息直接挪用。
步骤4.认真检查。 完成任务后要重新审视材料,检查所做的答案是否复合要求,同时语言要精练准确。
三、任务型阅读实例分析
2007年天津市中考英语试题:
阅读下面短文,根据短文内容,按照事件发生的先后顺序排序(开始句和结尾句序号已给出)
When Julia Somberg eats her favorite food, she feels bad. She knows that chocolate can have a lot fat and sugar. But Julia says she loves chocolate so much---once she starts eating it, she can’t stop.
Julia isn’t the only one who loves chocolate. It is a favorite food for people all over the world. People prefer chocolate over ice cream, cake, and cookies.
The idea of eating chocolate didn’t begin until the 19th century. Before that, people drank chocolate. The habit began in Central American where the Aztecs drank bowls of chocolate to stay watchful. When the liquid(液体) chocolate was brought to Spain in the 1500s, people thought it was medicine because it had a medicine taste. In fact, the people who made chocolate into drinks were doctors.
Then people discovered that mixing chocolate with sugar made a wonderful drink. King Ferdinand of Spain loved this drink so much that he put out an order: anyone who talked about chocolate outside the court(法庭)would be killed. For about 100 years, chocolate was a secret in Spain.
Finally, people found out about chocolate, and it became a popular drink in Europe. Later, the Swiss mixed milk and chocolate. Today, most Americans prefer milk chocolate, while most Europeans prefer dark chocolate.
New research shows that chocolate is actually good for us.“Chocolate has different kinds of vitamins,” says a researcher in France. “It has more than 300 different chemicals. One chemical works on the part of the brain(大脑) that feels pleasure. People who feel good when they eat chocolate are actually healthier. Feeling pleasure is important for health and can protect against illness.” “Good chocolate doesn’t have much fat or sugar. You can enjoy it if you eat a little at a time!” says Tara Berish, another chocolate lover.
76.______Doctors made chocolate into drinks.
__1__ The Aztecs drank chocolate to stay watchful.
77._______Chocolate was a secret in Spain for 100 years.
78._______Liquid chocolate was brought to Spain from central American.
79._______Sugar was mixed with chocolate to make a sweet drink.
___7___Research has shown that chocolate is good for us.
80.________The Swiss put milk into the chocolate mixture.
分析:这是阅读排序型,76-80题的五个句子的内容出现在第三段至第五段,76题对应文章第三段的最后一句话“In fact,the people who made chocolate into drinks were doctors.”;77题对应第四段的最后一句话“For about 100 years, chocolate was a secret in Spain.”;78题对应第三段的第三、四句话“The habit began in Central American where the Aztecs drank bowls of chocolate to stay watchful. When the liquid(液体)chocolate was brought to Spain in the 1500s,”;79题对应第四段的第一句话“Then people discovered that mixing chocolate with sugar made a wonderful drink”;80题对应第五段的第二句话“Later, the Swiss mixed milk and chocolate.”找出这五道题在原文中的对应语句就可以顺利地排列出正常语序。
答案:76~80
3,1,5,2,4,7,6(包含已给出的1和7的答案
《中考英语 4步解答“任务型阅读” 》由留学英语组我整理(www.liuxue86.com)H. 中考英语题型以及分值分布
中考英语题型及对应分值如下: