瓷器介绍英语怎么说
Ⅰ 景德镇瓷器英文介绍
Jingdezhen porcelain is famous for its white porcelain.
（景德镇瓷器以白瓷为闻名。）
Known as "white as jade, bright as mirror, thin as paper, sound like qing" said.
（素有“白如玉，明如镜，薄如纸，声如磬”之称。）
The variety is complete, once reached more than 3000 kinds of name.
（品种齐全，曾达三千多种品名。）
Excellent porcelain, lightweight modeling, decorative diversity.
（瓷质优良，造型轻巧，装饰多样。）
In the decoration of blue and white, glaze red, ancient color, pastel, bucket color, new color and so on.
（在装饰方面有青花、釉里红、古彩、粉彩、斗彩、新彩等。）
Among them especially to blue and white, powder color procts for the bulk, color glaze for famous proction.
（其中尤以青花、粉彩产品为大宗，颜色釉为名产。）
There are many varieties of glaze, such as green, blue, red, yellow, black and so on.
（釉色品种很多，有青、蓝、红、黄、黑等类。）
Only red glaze system, that is, jun red, lang kiln red, ji red and rose purple, etc.
（仅红釉系统，即有钧红、郎窑红、霁红和玫瑰紫等。）
The procts are well known in the world and are one of the outstanding representatives of ancient ceramic art.
（均用"还原焰"烧成，产品驰名世界， 是称誉世界的古代陶瓷艺术杰出代表之一。）
(1)瓷器介绍英语怎么说扩展阅读
景德镇瓷器品质特性：景德镇瓷器自古以来，名扬天下。在琳琅满目的瓷器中，最著名的有典雅素净的青花瓷，明净剔透的青花玲珑瓷，五彩缤纷的颜色釉瓷。
幽静雅致的青花影青瓷，古朴清丽的古彩瓷，万紫千红的新彩瓷，明丽隽秀的窑彩瓷，别开生面的总和装饰瓷等。这些珍贵的名瓷，被人们誉为“中华民族文化之精华”、“瓷国之瑰宝”。
Ⅱ 陶瓷的英文是怎么拼
陶瓷的英文：porcelain
porcelain
英['pɔːs(ə)lɪn]美[ˈpɔrsələn]
n. 瓷；瓷器
adj. 瓷制的；精美的
例句：
1.Place them in a jam jar,porcelainbowl, or other similar container.
将它们装入果酱罐、瓷碗或其他类似容器中。
2.There were lilies every-where in tall whiteporcelainvases.
高高的白色瓷瓶上绘满了百合花。
3.Arlott squirrelled away books, pictures andporcelainplates.
阿洛特将书本、图片和瓷盘瓷碟都藏起来。
(2)瓷器介绍英语怎么说扩展阅读
词组短语：
pottery and porcelain陶瓷；陶瓷器
blue and white porcelain青花瓷；青花瓷器
red porcelain紫砂
porcelain tile瓷砖
porcelain ware瓷器
porcelain clayn. 瓷土
porcelain enamel搪瓷；瓷釉
porcelain insulator瓷绝缘体，瓷隔电子
ancient porcelain古瓷
porcelain crucible瓷坩埚
glazed porcelain玻璃瓷
porcelain cup瓷杯，瓷盆；瓷盘绝缘子
porcelain dish瓷皿，瓷蒸发皿
household porcelain日用瓷
Ⅲ 陶瓷的英语用语
陶瓷专业术语
长石feldspar
瓷泥petunse, petuntse, petuntze
瓷漆enamel paint, enamel
封泥lute
高岭土kaolin, china clay
硅石,二氧化硅silica, SiO2
堇青石cordierite
莫来石,红柱石andalusite
泥果,坯体clay body 泥釉slip
石灰,生石灰,氧化钙lime, calcium oxide, CaO
氧化锡tin oxide
釉glaze
原材料raw material
云母mica
皂石,块滑石steatite
dolomite：白云土
terracotta:红土
construction/building material :建白材料
陶瓷质地和类型 Qualities & Types of Pottery
White Body 白胎
碧玉细炻器 jasper
薄胎瓷 thin china / egg-shell porcelain
彩陶器,釉陶 faience
陈设瓷,摆设瓷 display china / ornamental porcelain
瓷 porcelain, china (China ‘中国’来自’Chin’’秦’,在英文中’中国’和’瓷’同一单词)
赤陶 terracotta, terracotta, red earthenware
代尔夫精陶 delft
德化陶瓷 Te-hua porcelain, Dehua pottery
高温陶瓷 refractory china
低温陶瓷low-fired porcelain
工业陶瓷 instrial ceramics
工艺瓷,美术瓷,艺术瓷 art porcelain, art and craft china, art pottery, artistic china
骨瓷 bone china
古瓷ancient porcelain
官瓷 mandarin porcelain
光瓷 lusterware
黑色陶器 basalt
裂变瓷 crackled porcelain
裂纹瓷 crazed china
米色陶器 creamware
青瓷 celadon
青花瓷 blue and white porcelain
轻质瓷、轻瓷 light china
日用瓷 household china, table ware
软瓷 soft porcelain
杀菌陶瓷 antiseptic pottery
绳纹陶器 Rope figure pottery
施釉陶器 slipware
粗瓷 stoneware
素彩瓷 plain porcelain
陶 earthenware
陶瓷 pottery
无釉陶、陶瓷素烧坯 biscuit, unglazed ware
锡釉陶 majolica
细瓷 fine china
硬瓷 hard porcelain
赭色粘土陶器 terra sigillata
紫砂 purple granulated, purple sand, terra-cotta
长石瓷feldspar porcelain
瓷牙；牙科用瓷dental porcelain
瓷质纱网装饰瓷器lace work porcelain
电瓷electrical porcelain
雕塑瓷；象牙色帕利安瓷statuary porcelain
高铝瓷high-alumina porcelain
锆质瓷zircon porcelain
滑石瓷 steatite porcelain
化学瓷chemical porcelain
尖晶石瓷spinel porcelain
堇青石瓷cordierite porcelain
镁橄榄石瓷forsterite porcelain
镁质瓷；氧化镁瓷 magnesia porcelain
莫来石瓷mullite porcelain
耐热瓷器refractory porcelain
缥瓷faint coloured porcelain
青白瓷greenish white porcelain
熔块瓷fritted porcelain
三成分瓷器triaxial porcelain
钛质瓷titania porcelain
天然原料制成的瓷器natural porcelain
透辉石瓷diapside porcelain
卫生瓷器sanitary porcelain
鸭蛋青瓷ck-egg porcelain
氧化铝瓷alumina porcelain
原始瓷proto-porcelain
皂石瓷soapstone porcelain
中火度瓷intermediate porcelain
IC管瓷IC packages
白云石瓷dolomitic
保温耐火砖insulating firebrick
釉面
transparent:透明釉的
opaque: 不透明釉的
pigmented:色釉的
crackled:裂纹釉的
pearlized :珍珠釉的
Color Glaze 花釉
White Glaze 白釉
Red Glaze 红釉
Pearl Glaze 珍珠釉
翡翠釉;翠绿釉Kingfisher blue glaze
分相釉phase separation glaze
粉青釉 lavender grey glaze
复合釉;混合铀composite glaze
钙釉.石灰釉calcareous glaze
盖底釉cladding glaze
高硅质釉;硅酸质釉siliceous glaze
高温釉hard glaze
瓜皮绿釉cucumber green glaze
光泽釉bright glaze
光泽釉 glossy glaze
孩儿脸(铜红釉)crushed strawberry red
孩儿脸釉strawberry red glaze
海参釉trepang glaze
海棠红釉begonia red glaze
虹彩釉luster glaze
弧坑釉crater glaze
虎斑釉tiger-skin glaze
琥珀釉amber glaze
花釉；复色釉fancy glaze
滑石釉talc glaze
灰釉ash glaze
挥发釉vapour glaze
火焰红釉flamboyant red glaze
鸡皮釉fowl-skin glaze
基础釉parent glaze
祭红altar red
祭红釉sacrificial red glaze
祭蓝altar blue
祭蓝釉sacrificial blue glaze
荠红釉shiny red glaze
荞蓝釉deep blue glaze
贾丁尼尔釉Jardiniere glaze
碱石灰釉alkaline-calcareous
碱釉alkaline glaze
豇豆红釉cowpea red glaze
豇豆红釉haricot red glaze
酱釉；棕釉brown glaze
结晶釉crystalline glaze
金丝黄釉gold filament yellow glaze
金星绿釉aventurine green glaze
金星釉；砂金釉aventurine glaze
金属釉metallic glaze
桔皮釉orange-peel glaze
钧釉chun glaze
可鲁宾釉（红蓝混合釉）Columbine glaze
可帕尔塔釉（盖面透明釉）coperta glaze
可溶性釉soluble glaze
孔雀蓝釉peacock blue glaze
孔雀绿釉peacock green glaze
辣椒红釉chilli red glaze
郎窑红釉Lang yao red glaze
郎窑绿釉Lang yao green glaze
梨皮釉pear peel glaze
锂辉石釉spomene glaze
流纹釉flowing glaze
龙皮釉dragon-skin glaze
卵青釉egg and spinach glaze
罗宾蛋壳釉（乳白青绿色）robin\\\'s-egg glaze
罗金厄姆釉（紫褐色铅釉）Rockingham glaze
麻点釉sesame pot glaze
梅子青釉plum green glaze
美人醉釉beauty\\\'s flush glaze
米黄色釉；奶油色釉cream glaze
面釉cover glaze
墨地三彩tricolour with china-ink
南京黄釉（金黄-棕色）Nankin yellow glaze
泥浆釉；易熔粘土釉slip glaze
凝固釉（釉浆与明胶的混合物）solidified glaze
牛血红釉ox-blood glaze
牛血红釉 sang-de-boeuf (法语）
硼釉boracic glaze
葡萄紫釉grap purple glaze
铅硼釉lead borate glaze
铅釉lead glaze
茄皮紫釉aubergine glaze
青瓷釉celadon glaze
日本风格的铁系花釉；天目釉的日本译名tessha glaze
熔块釉fritted glaze
乳白釉opaline glaze
乳光釉opalescence glaze
乳鼠皮釉mousie skin glaze
砂金釉；金星釉gold stone glaze
鲨皮釉（有皱纹特征）[日本]shark-shin glaze
鳝皮绿釉green eel-skin glaze
鳝皮釉eel-skin glaze
鳝鱼黄釉eel yellow
鳝鱼青釉eel bluish green glaze
蛇皮绿釉 green snake-skin glaze
蛇皮釉 snake-skin glaze
生料釉raw glaze
生铅釉raw lead glaze
失透釉devitrification glaze
石灰釉lime glaze
Crack Glaze 纹片釉
Color Glaze with gold 色釉金彩
工艺技术 Technology
凹雕 intaglio
标记 marking
玻璃化 vitrify
车削 turning
成型 forming
冲压,冲压花 repousse
瓷土加工 clay processing
雕刻 carving
浮雕 relief
隔焰窑 muffle
工艺技术 technology
硅氧键 silicon-oxygen bond
技艺 technique, craft
间断窑 intermittent kiln
浇铸 casting
拉毛 sgraffito
连续窑 continuous kiln
镂雕、镂空 piercing
辘轳车 jigger
泥釉彩饰法 trailing
碾磨 grinding
抛光 burnishing, polishing
破裂 chip
嵌入 inlay
切刻 incising
筛子 sieve
烧制 firing
陶瓷科技 ceramics
陶轮 potter’s wheel
贴花、嵌花 appliqué, decal
凸雕，底切，拉底，底部掏槽 undercut
细裂纹 craze
性能 property
压印 impressing
窑 kiln
印花 stamping
釉上彩 overglazed color figure
釉下彩 underglazed color figure
预加工 pre-processing 粘性，粘滞性 viscosity, stiffness
转模片 jiggered piece
转印 transfer print
装饰 décor, decoration
Cut edge切割边缘
Scalloped扇形边的
陶瓷成品
杯mug
Meat Plate, Round-edge 荷口汤盘
Soup Plate 汤盘
Tea cup 茶杯
Tea Saucer 茶杯碟
Creamer 奶壶
Bowl ( Rice pot , Fan-zong) 饭碗
Coffee cup / Saucer 咖啡杯碟
Tea cup/Saucer茶杯/碟
Milk pot 奶壶
Salad Bowl 沙拉碗
Shaker 筛
Tureen 汤窝
Duck bowl 鸭碗
Rice Bowl 饭碗
Rice bowl Flaring 反口碗
Rice bowl rope 反口碗
Saucer, thick body 厚碟
Bowl with cover 盖碗
Cylindrical Decor 直身杯碟
Tea Pot, Persimmon Shape No. 2 2号筛壶
Plate with handle/ heat plate, thick带把手的厚碟
4.5” Rice Bowl Flaring 4.5`反口碗
Platter 大浅盘
Vase 花瓶
Fish Bowl 鱼缸
Fruit Plate 水果盘
Deep Plate深盘
Pepper Jar 胡椒瓶 pepper cellar
Salt Jar 盐瓶 Salt sellar
Seasoning Dish 格碟
Food Mixing Bowl 斗碗
Table wares Set 餐具
Teacup with saucer 茶杯碟
Christmas Toys 小丑
Goddess of Mercy 观音
Eight Immortals of ancient Figures 八仙
God of longevity with lad 寿星
God of wealth/Treasure/Longevity 财神
Porcelain figuring 人物
Mask 面具
Oval plate 鱼盘
Meat Plate 拼盘
Flat Plate 平盘
Soup Plate 汤盘
Porcelain for daily use 日用陶瓷
Porcelain for artistic 工艺陶瓷
Porcelain for display 陈列陶瓷
the imitation of antique porcelain 仿古陶瓷
labels for porcelain 花纸
Gold-embossed porcelain 刷金
vats 盆
Corrugated cardboard boxes 皱硬纸板箱
Fleur bouquet 花篮
13pec Chinese Tea Pot
6pec Decorated Mug set
Cow mobile 6/s 动态牛
Single unicorn独角兽（麒麟）
Spoon Rest
Candle holder 烛座
Vase open-work 通花瓶
flower pot 花瓶
Pair of horse, brown 棕色对马
15pes “chaozhou” tea service 15头 潮州茶具
Sugar pot 糖罐
inner box bubble 气泡袋
Polly foam polybag 胶袋
Lamp stand 灯台
Foamed Plastic 泡莫塑料
Lampshade 灯罩
Candlestick 烛台
其它 Others
斑点 speck
半透明 translucence, translucency, translucent
不渗透的 nonporous
不透明的 opaque
茶叶罐 caddy
单色的 monochrome
多色的 polychrome
高白 high white, Gao
工艺品 artware
鬼工，鬼爷神工 demon’s work, kuei kung
景德镇 Jingdexhen, Ching-te-chen
景泰蓝 cloisonné
绝缘子 insulator
考古学 archaeology
可塑的 plastic
流变学 rheology
琉璃瓦 glazed tile 模型、模特 model
模子 mould
耐热 heat-proof
配方 formula
盆栽 bonsai
漆器 lacquer work
器皿 ware
秦始皇陵兵马俑 life-size terra-cotta soldiers and horses in Chin tomb
青铜器 bronze work
人类学 antropology
渗透的 porous
手印，指印 finger mark
丝网印刷 silk screen printing
四面体 tetrahedral
搪瓷，珐琅 enamel
陶瓷的 ceramic
陶瓷专家，陶瓷艺术家 ceramist
陶工 potter
瓦 tile 碗 bowl
卫生洁具 sanitary ware
温度 temperature
硬度 hardness
釉工 glazier
圆块，雕球，瘤 knob
砖 brick
爱比克泰德 Epicteus（活动于520-500 BC）古希腊陶工兼画家
何朝宗 He Chaozhong（1522-1620） Chinese ceramist in Ming Dynasty,中国明代陶瓷艺术家
韦奇伍德 Wedgwood（1730-1795）英国著名陶瓷工匠和制造商
希腊古瓮颂’Ode on a Crecian Urn’英国诗人济慈 Keats（1795-1821）的名诗，惊叹古希腊陶器彩绘之精美
Ⅳ 瓷器是用china，porcelain还是ceramic
瓷器的英语用china、porcelain、ceramic表示都行，其主要区别有：
china
c要小写（大写则翻译为中国），可翻译为：瓷器；瓷餐具；杯、盘、碟等的总称；主要是非工业类(比如说日用瓷)。
任何地方生产的瓷器都可以叫china。陶瓷最初的称呼是“Chinaware”，后来随着中国瓷器在英国及欧洲大陆的广泛传播，省略ware；china成为瓷器的代名词，使得“中国”与“瓷器”成为密不可分的双关语。
拓展资料：
瓷器是由瓷石、高岭土、石英石、莫来石等烧制而成，外表施有玻璃质釉或彩绘的物器。瓷器的成形要通过在窑内经过高温（约1280℃-1400℃）烧制，瓷器表面的釉色会因为温度的不同从而发生各种化学变化，是中华文明展示的瑰宝。
Ⅳ 瓷器英语怎么说
中国的骄傲，小写的中国china
Ⅵ 急！求青花瓷英文介绍，简单点就好！！
The emergence of blue and white porcelain is of epoch-making significance in porcelain history.
青花瓷的出现，在陶瓷史上具有划时代的意义。
Pattern is the major decoration on blue and white porcelain, the motif is noticeable on porcelain.
纹饰是青花瓷器最主要的装饰，主题纹饰因占据瓷器最重要显眼的位置更加引人注目。
The original blue and white porcelain the song has weakened, the historical value of the already transcendental unsurpassed.
原始青花瓷于唐宋已见端倪，其历史价值早已超然绝伦。
Blue and white porcelain enamel transparent water, tire, and the constitution thin white porcelain body apply to blue grain, simple but elegant, pure and fresh and full of life.
青花瓷釉质透明如水，胎体质薄轻盈，洁白的瓷体上敷以蓝色纹饰，素雅清爽，充斥活力。
Ⅶ 瓷器的英文名单词是什么
小写的china，因为中国是瓷器的原产地，China大写就成了中国的名字。
陶器是pottery
Ⅷ 谁知道关于中国瓷器的英语介绍
CHina's china
Second only to tea, perhaps the most important contribution China made to European life was "china" itself ?the hard translucent glazed pottery the Chinese had invented under the Tang dynasty and which we also know as porcelain. China had long since exported porcelain over the Silk Route to Persia and Turkey and fine examples of pre-1500 china are still in everyday use there. (An English diplomat collected almost five tons (!) of Ming pieces while serving in Iran in 1875.) In Europe before the dawn of the China trade, the highest achievement of the potter's art was a kind of earthenware which was fired, then coated with an opaque glaze and fired again, fixing the colors with which it had been painted. This was generally named for its supposed place of origin and was known as majolica in Italy, faience in France, Delft in the Low Countries, and so forth. No earthenware could stand up to boiling water without dissolving and nowhere in Europe was it understood how to heat a kiln to the fourteen hundred degrees or so required to vitrify clay and make it impervious to liquids, boiling or not. Even so wise a man as Sir Francis Bacon could only view porcelain as a kind of plaster which, after a long lapse of time buried in the earth, "congealed and glazed itself into that fine substance." Other writers speculated it was made from lobster shell or eggs pounded into st.
Porcelain in time became the only Chinese import to rival tea in popularity. The wealthy collected it on a grand scale and even middle class people became so carried away that Daniel Defoe could complain of china "on every chimney-piece, to the tops of ceilings, tit it became a grievance." Such abundance half the world away from its place of manufacture was e to its use as ships' ballast. The China trade came to rest on two water-sensitive, high-value commodities: silk and tea. These had to be carried in the middle of the ship to prevent water damage, but to trim the ship and make her sail properly, about half the cargo's weight (not volume) was needed below the waterline in the bilges. Very roughly, a quarter of all tea imported had to be matched by ballast and from the ships' records available, it appears that about a quarter of all ballast was porcelain. Over the course of the 1700s England probably imported twenty-four thousand tons of porcelain while a roughly equal amount would have been imported into Europe and the American colonies.
To keep up with this demand, Jingdezhen, China's main porcelain-making center since the Song dynasty, as early as 1712 needed to keep three thousand kilns fired day and night. The prices fell to ridiculously low levels-seven pounds seven shillings in 1730 for a tea service for 200 people, each piece ornamented with the crest of the ambassador who ordered it; teapots, five thousand of them in 1732, imported at under twopence each. Even if we multiply these prices by one hundred to approximate today's, it is incredibly cheap cost for porcelain of this quality. Before European-made wares came into general use around 1800, the English and European middle classes enjoyed their tea and meals from the finest quality chinaware ever used by any but very wealthy people, a quality of life for which the tea trade was directly responsible.
For years before the advent of tea it had been the dream of all European potters to proce china themselves. Britain's Elers brothers mastered stoneware, but their efforts to reproce china proved unavailing, and so did the efforts of all the other first-rate potters in Europe. The potters of St. Cloud in France developed a substitute now known as soft-paste porcelain, but nobody came near approximating the real thing until an apothecary's apprentice named Johann - Friederich Bottger bumbled onto the scene.
When he was nineteen, Bottger met the mysterious alchemist Lascaris in Berlin and received a present of some two ounces of transmutation powder from him. If you refuse to believe in alchemists and transmutation, you may as well assume that Mr. Lascaris stepped out of a UFO for the stories of his-and Bottger's-careers are entirely too well documented to dismiss. As Lascarls no doubt intended, Bottger's couldn't resist showing off the powder's powers. Unfortunately, he also claimed to have made it himself with the predictable result that he soon had all the crowned heads of Germany in his pursuit. He finally reached safety, so he thought, in Dresden, under the protection of August 11, "the Strong," Elector of Saxony and King of Poland. But with extravagant gifts and riotous living, his stock of powder was exhausted rather sooner than later and his "protector" proved not to be the disinterested well-wisher he had seemed. Poor Bottger found himself confined in the castle of Konigstein where he was given a laboratory for his researches and a clear understanding of the fate reserved for him should he fall.
He finally convinced his jailer, a certain Count Tschirnhaus, that he was not an Adept in the spagyric arts but merely a demonstrator. The count proposed that in that case he should put the laboratory to use in quest of the secret of making china, since next to gold and power, collecting Japanese and Chinese porcelains was Augustus's ruling passion. (He had filled a palace with his collection-some twenty thousand pieces and still growing-by the time of his death.) Fortunately for the prisoner-researcher, Saxony abounds with the two main ingredients for the manufacture of porcelain-china clay or kaolin and the so-called china stone, a type of rock made up mostly of silica and alumina that serves as a flux and gives the ware Its translucency. Bottger first proced stoneware and then, after numerous false starts, finally obtained a hard-paste red porcelain in 1703. The kiln had been kept burning for five days and five nights and in anticipation of success his royal patron had been invited to see it opened. It Is reported that the first proct Bottger took out and presented to Augustus was a fine red teapot. The long-sought secret had been discovered at last and after a few more years Bottger managed to come up with genuine hard-paste white porcelain.
Completely restored to favor, the young man admitted he had never possessed the secret of transmutation; he was formally forgiven and promptly appointed director of Europe's first china factory. It was established near Dresden in a little village called Meissen and proved to be worth almost as much to Augustus as the Philosopher's Stone would have been. Soon after full proction got underway in 1713, the export market for Meissen figurines alone ran into the millions. In a letter of 1746, Horace Walpole grumbled about the new fashion in table decoration at the banquets of the English nobility: "Jellies, biscuits, sugar, plums, and cream have long since given way to harlequins, gondoliers, Turks, Chinese, and shepherdesses of Saxon China." Teapots and teacups were also proced in ever increasing quantities.
Instrial espionage spread the secret of porcelain manufacture beyond the Germanies ring the 1740s, and in 1751 fifteen English entrepreneurs Joined together to found the Worchester Royal Porcelain Works. To the chagrin of every prince and ke in France lavishing patronage on a little porcelain works of his own, the King's beloved Madame De Pompadour decided to bestow hers on a little factory located near Versailles at Sevres. Louis XV bought it to please her in 1759 and, just to make sure it would prosper, ordered the royal chinaware made there. When in need of money the king sometimes forced the courtiers at Versailles to buy quantities of Sevres at extortionate prices.
The English porcelain firms of the eighteenth century kept experimenting with the formulae filched from the Continent and it would be interesting indeed to know how Mr. J. Spode first hit upon the idea of using the ingredient that distinguishes English from all other porcelains-the ashes of burned bones. Yes, Virginia, bone china is rightly so-called. And from the beginning, the mainstay of the proction at Worchester, Chelsea, Spode, Limoges, and all the other centers of china making in Europe was the tea equipage.
Ⅸ 瓷器的英文名单词是什么
china 瓷器是由瓷石、高来岭土、源石英石、莫来石等烧制而成，外表施有玻璃质釉或彩绘的物器。瓷器的成形要通过在窑内经过高温（约1280℃-1400℃）烧制，瓷器表面的釉色会因为温度的不同从而发生各种化学变化，是中华文明展示的瑰宝。 中国是瓷器的故乡，瓷器是古代劳动人民的一个重要的创造。谢肇_在《五杂俎》记载：“今俗语窑器谓之磁器者，盖磁州窑最多，故相延名之，如银称米提，墨称腴糜之类也。”当时出现的以“磁器”代窑器是由磁州窑产量最多所致。这是迄今发现最早使用瓷器称谓的史料。
Ⅹ 陶瓷的英语介绍
"陶瓷"是一种通称,"陶"和"瓷"在质地上、物理性能上有很大区别。中国是最早制造陶器的国家之一,是最早发明瓷器的国家。
陶器的出现大约在距今1万年左右,中国进入新石器时代,开始了定居生活,盛水、蓄物等日常生活的需要,促使了陶器的发明。中国陶器的分布比较广泛,主要集中的在黄河流域和长江流域。其中仰韶文化是新石器时期比较有代表性的文化类型,以彩陶为特点,也称"彩陶文化",它派生出半坡和庙底沟两个类型,装饰图案有很高的艺术价值。马家窑文化是新石器晚期的文化类型,比仰韶文化略晚,距今约5000年。黑陶是继彩陶之后的又一伟大创造发明,距今约4000年的龙山文化时期,出现了工艺独特的蛋壳陶。近些年来,山东、河北一带多有仿制,有较高的收藏价值。秦汉时期的陶俑,是我国古代人物雕塑的高峰,使制陶技术和艺术达到了很高的境地。此外,唐代的三彩器、明清两代的紫砂器等,都是中国陶器文物的重要内容,很值得深入收藏和研究。
陶瓷(Ceramics),陶器和瓷器的总称。陶瓷的传统概念是指所有以粘土等无机非金属矿物为原料的人工工业产品。它包括由粘土或含有粘土的混合物经混炼,成形,煅烧而制成的各种制品。由最粗糙的土器到最精细的精陶和瓷器都属于它的范围。对于它的主要原料是取之于自然界的硅酸盐矿物(如粘土、长石、石英等),因此与玻璃、水泥、搪瓷、耐火材料等工业,同属于"硅酸盐工业"(Silicate Instry)的范畴。
陶瓷的发展史是中华文明史的一个重要的组成部分,中国作为四大文明古国之一,为人类社会的进步和发展做出了卓越的贡献,其中陶瓷的发明和发展更具有独特的意义,中国历史上各朝各代不同艺术风格和不同技术特点。英文中的"china"既有中国的意思,又有陶瓷的意思,清楚地表明了中国就是"陶瓷的故乡"。
早在欧洲人掌握瓷器制造技术一千多年前,中国人就已经制造出很精美的陶瓷器。中国是世界上最早应用陶器的国家之一,而中国瓷器因其极高的实用性和艺术性而备受世人的推崇。
所谓陶器和瓷器是指用可塑性制瓷粘土和瓷石矿做胎体,用长石和石英等原料制釉,并且通过成型、干燥、烧制而成的制品,主要有日用、艺术、和建筑陶器等三种。考古发现已经证明中国人早在新石器时代(约公元前8000)就发明了陶器。原始社会晚期出现的农业生产使中国人的祖先过上了比较固定的生活,客观上对陶器有了需求。人们为了提高生活的方便,提高生活质量,逐渐通过烧制粘土烧制出了陶器。
随着近代科学技术的发展,近百年来又出现了许多新的陶瓷品种。它们不再使用或很少使用粘土、长石、石英等传统陶瓷原料,而是使用其他特殊原料,甚至扩大到非硅酸盐,非氧化物的范围,并且出现了许多新的工艺。美国和欧洲一些国家的文献已将"Ceramic"一词理解为各种无机非金属固体材料的通称。因此陶瓷的含义实际上已远远超越过去狭窄的传统观念了。
迄今为止,陶瓷器的界说似可概括地作如下描述:陶瓷是用铝硅酸盐矿物或某些氧化物等为主要原料,依照人的意图通过特定的物理化学工艺在高温下以一定的温度和气氛制成的具有一定型式的工艺岩石。表面可施釉或不施釉,若干瓷质还具有不同程度的半透明度,通体是由一种或多种晶体或与无定形胶结物及气孔或与熟料包裹体等微观结构组成。
陶瓷工业是硅酸盐工业的主要分支之一,属于无机化学工业范围.但现代科学高度综合,互相渗透,从整个陶瓷工业制造工艺的内容来分析,它的错综复杂与牵涉之广,显然不是仅用无机化学的理论所能概括的。
陶瓷制品的品种繁多,它们之间的化学成分.矿物组成,物理性质,以及制造方法,常常互相接近交错,无明显的界限,而在应用上却有很大的区别。因此很难硬性地归纳为几个系统,详细的分类法各家说法不一,到现在国际上还没有一个统一的分类方法。
"Ceramic" is a generic term, "Tao" and "Porcelain" in texture, the physical properties there are very different. China was among the first to create one of the countries of pottery, porcelain was one of the first invention.
The emergence of pottery dating back about 1 million years or so, China has entered the New Stone Age, began to settle in life, water, with objects of daily life, such as the need to promote the invention of pottery. Chinese pottery wider distribution, mainly in the Yangtze River and Yellow River Basin. Yangshao culture which is the New Stone Age culture more representative of the type, characterized by painted pottery, also known as the "painted pottery culture", which derived Banpo and Miao Digou two types of decorative patterns, has high artistic value. Majiayao culture is the culture of the late New Stone Age type than a little late Yangshao culture, since about 5000. Black painted pottery is the second after another great invention, since about 4000 the Longshan Culture period, there has been a unique process of eggshell pottery. In recent years, Shandong, Hebei and more in the vicinity of imitation, there is a high value for collection. Qin and Han Dynasty pottery figurine of China's ancient sculpture of the peak figure, so that the ceramic technology and the arts reached a high position. In addition, three of the color of the Tang Dynasty, the Ming and Qing dynasties such as Yixing, China is an important aspect of pottery relics, it is worthy of collection and research.
Ceramics (Ceramics), the general term for pottery and porcelain. Ceramic refers to the traditional concept of all inorganic non-metallic minerals such as clay as raw material of artificial instrial procts. It consists of clay from or containing a mixture of clay by kneading, molding, and calcined made of a variety of procts. By the most rough-earth to the most refined of the fine pottery and porcelain are it. For its main raw materials are derived from natural silicate minerals (such as clay, feldspar, quartz, etc.), and glass, cement, ceramic, refractory material, such as instry, with an "instrial silicate" (Silicate Instry ) Area.
The history of ceramics is the history of Chinese civilization is an important part of China, as one of the four ancient civilizations, human development and social progress made outstanding contributions, including the invention of ceramics and the development of a more unique significance , The history of China-North Korea on behalf of all the different artistic styles and different technical characteristics. English of "china" China not only mean, ceramics and mean, clearly demonstrates China is the "hometown of pottery."
As early as the Europeans have porcelain manufacturing technology over 1000 years ago, Chinese people have created a very fine ceramics. China is the world's first application of one of the countries pottery, and porcelain from China for its high artistic quality and relevance of the world have attracted much praise.
The so-called pottery and porcelain refers to the use of plastic ware and porcelain clay quarry to do matrix, quartz and feldspar, and other raw materials-glaze, and through the forming, drying, firing from the procts, mainly for daily use, art, and architecture Three pottery. Archaeological discoveries have proved that the Chinese people as early as the Neolithic Age (about 8000 BC) invented pottery. The emergence of primitive society with advanced agricultural proction so that the ancestors of the Chinese people lead a life of a relatively fixed, the objective of pottery with the demand. In order to improve people's lives easier, improve the quality of life, graally burn through the burning out of the clay pottery.
With the development of modern science and technology, and the past 100 years there have been many new varieties of ceramics. They no longer use or the use of small clay, feldspar, quartz and other traditional ceramic materials, but the use of other special materials, and even extended to non-silicate, non-oxide scope, and there have been a lot of new technology. The United States and some European countries have literature "Ceramic" understanding of the term for a variety of solid inorganic non-metallic materials known. Therefore, the meaning of ceramics in fact go far beyond the traditional concept in the past the narrow.
To date, the Definition of ceramics may be generally described as follows: The ceramic is aluminum silicate minerals such as oxides or as the main raw material, in accordance with the intention of people through specific physical and chemical processes at a high temperature to a certain degree of Temperature and atmosphere made of a certain type of rock technology. Glazing may be on the surface or glazing, porcelain has a number of different levels of transparency and a half, the species by one or more of the crystal and amorphous or cement and clinker with pores or inclusions, such as micro-structure.
Portland ceramic instry is one of the main branches of instry, belong to the scope of inorganic chemical instry. However, modern science and highly integrated with each other to infiltrate from the ceramic instry as a whole manufacturing process to analyze the contents of its complex and involve wide, is not only Using the theory of inorganic chemistry can be summarized.
A wide variety of ceramic procts, their chemical composition. Mineral composition, physical properties, as well as manufacturing methods, often close to each other staggered, no boundaries, and in the application there is a huge difference. Therefore, it is difficult to be summed up in a few hard and fast system, a detailed classification of the various different view, the international community to now there is no uniform classification.