英语作文怎么比喻

A. 英语的文采是怎么回事

当然英文也一样讲究文采。英语也和汉语一样，讲就修辞。通过修辞，对文章起到美化的效果。如果能在英文里用上这些修辞，一定会让你的文章更出采。
如下：
1. 比喻 (metaphor)

比喻就是打比方。可分为明喻和暗喻：

明喻 (simile)：

用like, as, as...as, as if(though) 或用其他词语指出两个不同事物的相似之处。例如：

O my love's like a red, red rose. 我的爱人像一朵红红的玫瑰花。

The man can't be trusted. He is as slippery as an eel. 那个人不可信赖。他像鳗鱼一样狡猾。

He jumped as if he had been stung.他像被蜇了似的跳了起来。

Childhood is like a swiftly passing dream. 童年就像一场疾逝的梦。

暗喻 (metaphor)：

用一个词来指代与该词所指事物有相似特点的另外一个事物。例如：

He has a heart of stone. 他有一颗铁石心肠。

The world is a stage. 世界是一个大舞台。

2. 换喻(metonymy)

用某一事物的名称代替另外一个与它关系密切的事物的名称，只要一提到其中一种事物，就会使人联想到另一种。比如用the White House 代替美国政府或者总统， 用the bottle来代替wine 或者alcohol， 用the bar 来代替the legal profession，用 crown代替 king等。例如：

His purse would not allow him that luxury. 他的经济条件不允许他享受那种奢华。

The mother did her best to take care of the cradle. 母亲尽最大努力照看孩子。

He succeeded to the crown in 1848. 他在1848年继承了王位。

3. 提喻 (synecdoche)

指用部分代表整体或者用整体代表部分，以特殊代表一般或者用一般代表特殊。例如：

He earns his bread by writing. 他靠写作挣钱谋生。

The farms were short of hands ring the harvest season. 在收获季节里农场缺乏劳动力。

Australia beat Canada at cricket. 澳大利亚队在板球比赛中击败了加拿大队。

He is the Newton of this century. 他是这个世纪的牛顿。

4. 拟人 (personification)

把事物或者概念当作人或者具备人的品质的写法叫拟人。例如：

My heart was singing. 我的心在歌唱。

This time fate was smiling to him. 这一次命运朝他微笑了。

The flowers nodded to her while she passed. 当她经过的时候花儿向她点头致意。

The wind whistled through the trees. 风穿过树丛，树叶哗哗作响。

5. 委婉 (euphemism)

用温和的、间接的词语代替生硬的、粗俗的词语，以免直接说出不愉快的事实冒犯别人或者造成令人窘迫、沮丧的局面。例如：

用to fall asleep; to cease thinking; to pass away; to go to heaven; to leave us 代替 to die

用senior citizens代替old people

用 a slow learner或者an under achiever代替a stupid pupil

用weight watcher代替 fat people

用mental hospital 代替 madhouse或者 asylum

用emotionally disturbed代替mad

用washroom, men's / women's room代替 lavatory

用 handicapped代替 crippled

用low income brackets; underprivileged; disadvantaged 代替 poor people

6. 双关 (pun)

用同音异义或者一词二义来达到诙谐幽默的效果：表面上是一个意思，而实际上却暗含另一个意思，这种暗含的意思才是句子真正的目的所在。例如：

A cannonball took off his legs, so he laid down his arms. (arms可指手臂或者武器)

一发炮弹打断了他的腿，所以他缴械投降了。

“Can I try on that gown in the window?” asked a would-be customer.

“Certainly not, madam!” replied the salesman. 我可以试穿一下橱窗里的那件睡袍吗？或者：我可以在橱窗里试穿那件睡袍吗？

Seven days without water make one weak (week). 七天没有水使一个人虚弱。或者：七天没有水就是一周没有水。

7. 反语 (irony)

使用与真正意义相反的词，正话反说或者反话正说，从对立的角度运用词义来产生特殊的效果。下面就是莎士比亚的戏剧 Julius Caesar 中的一个运用反语的很好的例子，Brutus出于野心刺杀了 Caesar, Caesar 的好友Antony 讥讽Brutus 说：

Here, under leave of Brutus and the rest—

For Brutus is an honorable man;

So are they all, all honorable men—

Come I to speak in Caesar's funeral.

He was my friend, faithful and just to me:

But Brutus says he was ambitious;

And Brutus is an honorable man.

在 Antony 的话里反复使用 honorable这个词就是一个反语的例子。

8. 矛盾修饰 (oxymoron)

把相互矛盾的两个词用在一起的修辞方法。它利用词义表面的相互矛盾使表层的不和谐统一在思想内容的深层，从而揭示事物对立统一的本质特征，达到加深印象的目的。例如：

She read the long-awaited letter with a tearful smile. 她带着含泪的微笑读那封盼望已久的信。

The coach had to be cruel to be kind to his trainees.教练为了对他的受训者仁慈就要对他们残酷。

During his useful life he often felt he was useless. 在他大有作为的一生中他老是感到自己无用。

其他还有sweet pain; thunderous silence; luxurious poverty; heavy lightness; living death; impossible hope 等等。

9. 轭式搭配 (zeugma)

把适用于某一事物的词语顺势用到另外一事物上的方法。在同一个句子里一个词可以修饰或者控制两个或更多的词，它可以使语言活泼，富有幽默感。例如：

She opened the door and her heart to the homeless boy. 她对那无家可归的男孩打开了房门，也敞开了胸怀。

As I left home after breakfast, I shivered inwardly as well as outwardly. 早餐之后我离开家的时候，我的里里外外都在颤抖。

I would my horse had the speed of your tongue. 我希望我的马能有你的舌头的速度。

10. 移位修饰(transferred epithet)

将本应该用来修饰某一类名词的修饰语用来修饰另一类名词。例如：

There was a short, thoughtful silence. 出现了一阵短暂的、令人沉思的寂静。

The old man put a reassuring hand on my shoulder. 老人把一只令人安心的手放在我的肩膀上。

He closed his busy life at the age of sixty. 在六十岁时他结束了他那忙碌的一生。

This is the cheapest market in this country. 这是这个国家最便宜的市场了。

11. 头韵 (alliteration)

两个或者更多的词以相同的音韵或者字母开头就构成头韵。例如：

proud as a peacock

blind as a bat

safe and sound

Long and loudly little Lily laughed. 小莉莉长时间地、大声地笑着。

The windows waved violently in the wind. 窗户在风中剧烈地摇动。

The sun sank slowly. 太阳慢慢地下沉。

12. 渐进 (climax)

根据事物的逻辑关系，由小到大，由轻到重，由浅到深，由低到高，由少到多依次渐进地进行描述或论述。这种整齐的结构可以使人们的思想认识一层层深化提高，增强语言的感染力和说服力。例如：

I came; I saw; I conquer. 我来了；我看到了；我征服。

Reading maketh a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. 读书使人充实；交谈使人机智；写作使人精确。

Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. 书有可浅尝者，有可吞咽者，更有少数须消化咀嚼者。

Lincoln recognized worth in the common people; he loved the common people; he fought for the common people; and he died for the common people. 林肯认识到平民大众的价值；他热爱平民大众；他为平民大众而斗争；他为平民大众而献身。

B. 英语作文my dream的比喻开头，要三个简单点的比喻句，用英语写出，不会者，勿扰

Dreams are like food to our soul, water to our thirst for achievements and destination of our final success. Everybody has a dream, so do I. My dream is to ....（接下来的你就可以自己补充了）

C. 英语写作的几种修辞手法

许多考生反映自己的英语写作要么十分“中文式”，全无英语的味道，要么就是作文干巴巴的显得没有一点文采。其实英文写作和汉语写作在修辞方面还是存在许多共同之处的。要使自己的英语作文显得有文采，考生就要在英语写作中尝试采用有效的修辞手法，下面就介绍几种修辞方法：

一、比喻(the figures of speech)

比喻是语言艺术的升华。英语中常见的比喻方法有三种：明喻、隐喻和借喻。

1.明喻(the simile)

格式：本体 + 显著比喻词(like/as/as if) + 喻体

常用介词like 、连词as，as if，asso、动词seem等以及句型ato b asctod等等表示“好像”意思的比喻说法就叫明喻。

例如：

（1）teacher, you are like the sun, but more magnificent, andmorebrillant. 老师，您像太阳，又比太阳更灿烂更辉煌。

（2）your soul is as pure as snow, your personality is as nobleaspine trees! all praise to you, our belovedteacher.您的心灵像雪一样纯净，您的人格像青松一般高洁！赞美您，敬爱的老师。

英语中除上述的用介词、连词或句型等的明喻表达方式外，还有许多常用的明喻习语。例如：

(1)as clear as crystal清如水晶

(2)as weak as water软弱无力

这类利用类似汉语的押韵和叠声增加语言的美感。与此同时，又可以使语言短小精悍，表达生动、形象。

2.隐喻(the metaphor)

格是：本体 + is/are + 喻体

例如：

（1）time is a river, of which memory is the water. oh myfriend,what i scoop up from the river is all yearning ofyou.时间是河、记忆如水，朋友，我从河里捧起来的都是对你的思念。

（2）time is money. 时间就是金钱。

注意：英语中存在着许多数词习语和俚语，用作隐喻（也有个别用作明喻）。例如 ：

(1)you are one in a million.你真是人见人爱。

(2)he has one over the eight.他酩酊大醉。

（3）this film star is a nine days wonder; i doubt whetheranyonewill remr her in ayearstime.这位电影明星现在红极一时（也指昙花一现），但我认为一年以后人们不见得还记得她。

注意：英语中还有许多隐喻成语。例如：

（1）to teach fish to swim 班门弄斧

（2）to plough the sand 白费力气

（3）up the tree骑虎难下；lame ck强弩之末；above board光明正大

3.借喻(the metonymy)

格式：直接用比喻事物代替本体事物

例如：

(1)the buses in america are on strikenow.美国的公共汽车司机正在罢工（这里buses喻指司机drivers)。

(2)the pen is mightier thanthesword.文人胜于武士（以pen，sword喻指使用这物的人）。英语中一些鸟兽鱼虫的名字，除本义外，常可转借喻人，形象生动，意味隽永。例如：

(1)she is a social butterfly.她是一个交际花（以虫喻人）。 （接下页）

二、借代(the synecdoche)

借用一个名称来代替另一事物。替代的方式可以是人、物互代，部分和全体互代，单数代复数，描象代替具体或具体代替抽象等等。例如：

(1)uncle sam will not help us.美国人不会帮助我们。（用uncle sam代替船美国人本身）

(2)you can depend on him for help whenever youre in tourble.hesa true blue.你遇到麻烦时尽管去找他帮忙，他是一个靠得住的忠实朋友。（用trueblue代替真金烈火，忠诚可靠的）

使用借代修辞方式要选用最突出最明显的事物特征来代替事物名称。借代运用得好，能使语言表达简洁明快、具体、形象，以避免重复、累赘，并给人以新鲜感。

三、夸张(the exaggeration)

把事物的特征，有意地加以夸大或缩小，就叫夸张。

例如：

(1)thank you a thousand.千恩万谢。

英语中夸张修辞格，应用极为频繁。夸张的功能是突出事物的本质特征，因而给人强烈印象或警悟、启发 。

四、拟人(the personifjcation)

就是把无生命的事物人格化。

例如：

(1)books are a guide in youth and an entertainment for age.theysupport us under solitude, and keep us from being a burdentoourselves.书籍是青年人的指南、老年人的娱乐。孤寂时，书籍给我们力量，使我们摆脱精神负担。

（2）love is the master key that opens the gatesofhappiness.爱是开启幸福之门的万能钥匙。

拟人用法在英语写作中运用得好，不仅使语言表达得生动、有力，而且给人以亲切、实在、耳目一新的感受。

五、排比

把结构相同或相似、语气一致、意思密切相关联的句子或句子成分排列起来，使句式得到增强，感情得到加深，这种修辞叫排比。

例如：

（1）you are overwhelming jade, as white as snow, as smoothandmoist as grease, as brilliant as candles, and as firmasrock.你洁白如雪，润泽如脂，你光辉如烛，坚贞如磐，你是令人倾心的美玉。

（2）you are in my mind and in my heart. you are in the very airibreathe. you are part ofme.forever.你占据了我整个思绪和心灵；你在我呼吸的空气里；你永远是我的一部分。

此外，在英语的具体写作过程当中，我们可以运用恰当的抒情手法来进行写作，达到以情动人的效果。下面就以2005年6月份四级考试作文为例，进行写作。

提纲要求：

in honor of teachers on the occasion of teacher’s day

向老师致以节日祝贺

从一件难忘的事回忆老师的教诲和无私的奉献

我如何回报老师的关爱

范文：dear miss zhang,i’m not the best student of yours, butyou’rethe most respected teacher of mine. on this special occasionforyou, what i can dedicate is my highest consideration andearnestblessings. may you be happy; may all of your life be fullofhappiness, joy as well as sweetness.i still remred clearly thattheday i was crying with a heavy heart because i failed to passtheexamination. i didn’t know what to do and where to go, just likeabird lost its way. teacher, it was you who lighted the beaconofhope in my heart in the dark night. your warm words,affectionateeyes, which dispelled the cold winter from my heart andkindled theflame of hope as well. and i still remred that theplatform, thedesks, the springs and autumns, all witness the flowerpetals ofyour heart. the buds, the seedlings, the spring flowersand fallfruits, all owe to your sincere devotion.in my view, all iwant todo is to make the best of every day, and come a littlecloser towhat i dream of. furthermore, i must not relax my effortsto be thebest i can be and do the best i can do.bestwishes,andy.

D. 把自己比喻成动物英语作文[80字

I want to become extinct animals.Because of this ican read the people taking care to reproce offspring,So that more people to know we ,to let him know should not harm our animals,or to be too late to repent.We live in the same earth.Man should get along with us,not for us to kill.We also want to the generations to live in the earth.
我想要变成已经灭绝的动物.因为这样我可以经过人们的细心照顾来繁衍后代,让更多的人来认识我们,要让他知道不应该伤害我们动物,否则到时候后悔可就来不及了.我们生活在同一个地球,人类应该和我们友好相处,而不是对我们进行捕,我们同样想世世代代生活在地球上.