初中英語辨析怎麼寫

1. 初中英語意思相近的詞辨析

other及其變化形式在初中教材中多次出現，而且它的變化形式很多，有以下幾種： other, others, the others, another 等。它們的用法現歸納如下；
1.other可作形容詞或代詞，做形容詞時，意思是「別的，其他」，泛指「其他的（人或
物）」。如：
Do you have any other question(s)?你還有其他問題嗎？
Ask some other people.問問別人吧！
Put it in your other hand.把它放在你另一隻手裡。

2.the other指兩個人或物中的一個時，只能用the other，不能用another，此時的other作代
詞。如：
He has two daughters. One is a nurse, the other is a worker.
他有兩個女兒，一個是護士，另一個是工人。
the other後可加單數名詞，也可加復數名詞，此時的other作形容詞。如：
On the other side of the street，there is a tall tree.
在街道的另一邊，有一棵大樹。
Mary is much taller than the other girls.
瑪麗比其他的女孩高得多。
He lives on the other side of the river.
他住在河的對岸。
3.others是other的復數形式，泛指「另外幾個」，「其餘的」。在句中可作主語、賓語。
如：
Some of us like singing and dancing, others go in for sports.
我們一些人喜歡唱歌和跳舞，其餘的從事體育活動。
Give me some others, please.
請給我別的東西吧！
There are no others.
沒有別的了。
4.the others意思是「其他東西，其餘的人」。特指某一范圍內的「其他的（人或物）」。是
the other的 復數形式。如：
Two boys will go to the zoo, and the others will stay at home.
兩個男孩將去動物園，其餘的留在家裡。
the others=the other +復數名詞，這在第2條中已經有所介紹。
5.another=an+ other，既可作形容詞，也可作代詞，只能用於三個或更多的人或物，泛指同
類事物中的三者或三者以上的「另一個」，只能代替或修飾單數可數名詞。如：
I don』t like this one. Please show me another.
我不喜歡這一個，請給我看看另一個。
I have three daughters. One is a nurse, another is a teacher and another is a
worker.
我有三個女兒。一個是護士，另一個是教師，還有一個是工人。

2. 初中英語詞語辨析

in one's way:擋道，妨礙人
on one's way:在（某人）往。。。去的路上。
dress一般表「給```穿衣」， 通常用在dress up，dress oneself搭配中， 在「be dressed in +顏色」就表示「穿著··色衣服的」，wear表示狀態的「穿著」，而put on就是一個動作表示「穿」這個動作例句：she dresses up like a plushhorse[美俚]她穿得過份考究he is wearing a T-shirt 他穿著一件T恤。he put his shoes on. 他穿上了鞋（指穿鞋這動作）
（1）sometimes的意思是「有時」，是副詞。例如：
Sometimes he comes by bike and sometimes by bus.
他有時騎車來，有時乘公共汽車來。

（2）sometime也是副詞，意思是「在某個時候」。可用於一般過去時與將來時。例如：
You can hand in your homework sometime before Friday.
你可以在周五前某個時候交作業。

（3）some time是名詞短語，它的意思是「一段時間」。例如：
I'll be away for some time. 我將離開一段時間。

（4）some times也是一個名詞短語，time在這里用作可數名詞，意思是「次數」。
some times的意思是「幾次」。例如：
I have been to the Great Wall some times.
我去過長城幾次。

3. 初中人教版英語重點語法、詞彙片語辨析、句型

11. 動詞的時態

11.1 一般現在時的用法

1） 經常性或習慣性的動作，常與表示頻腮度的時間狀語連用。時間狀語： every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday。例如：

I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七點離開家。

2） 客觀真理，客觀存在，科學事實。例如：

The earth moves around the sun. 地球繞太陽轉動。

Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位於中國東部。

3） 表示格言或警句。例如：

Pride goes before a fall. 驕者必敗。

注意：此用法如果出現在賓語從句中，即使主句是過去時，從句謂語也要用一般現在時。

例：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥倫布證實了地球是圓的。

4） 現在時刻的狀態、能力、性格、個性。例如：

I don't want so much. 我不要那麼多。

Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 安英語寫得不錯，講的可不行。

比較：Now I put the sugar in the cup. 把糖放入杯子。

I am doing my homework now. 我正在做功課。

第一句用一般現在時，用於操作演示或指導說明的示範性動作，表示言行的瞬間動作。第二句中的now是進行時的標志，表示正在進行的動作的客觀狀況，所以後句用一般現在時。

返回動詞的時態目錄

11.2 一般過去時的用法

1）在確定的過去時間里所發生的動作或存在的狀態。例如：時間狀語有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。例如：

Where did you go just now? 剛才你上哪兒去了？

2）表示在過去一段時間內，經常性或習慣性的動作。例如：

When I was a child, I often played football in the street. 我是個孩子的時候，常在馬路上踢足球。

Whenever the Browns went ring their visit, they were given a warm welcome.

那時，布朗一家無論什麼時候去，都受到熱烈歡迎。

3）句型：It is time for sb. to do sth "到……時間了" "該……了"。例如：It is time for you to go to bed. 你該睡覺了。

It is time that sb. did sth. "時間已遲了" "早該……了" ，例如It is time you went to bed. 你早該睡覺了。

would （had） rather sb. did sth. 表示'寧願某人做某事'。例如：I'd rather you came tomorrow.還是明天來吧。

4） wish, wonder, think, hope 等用過去時，作試探性的詢問、請求、建議等，而一般過去時表示的動作或狀態都已成為過去，現已不復存在。例如：I thought you might have some. 我以為你想要一些。

比較：Christine was an invalid all her life.（含義：她已不在人間。）

Christine has been an invalid all her life.（含義：她現在還活著）

Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. （含義：達比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。）

Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years. （含義：現在還住在肯塔基州，有可能指剛離去）

注意： 用過去時表示現在，表示委婉語氣。

1）動詞want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。例如：

Did you want anything else? 您還要些什麼嗎？

I wondered if you could help me. 能不能幫我一下。

2）情態動詞 could, would。例如：

Could you lend me your bike? 你的自行車，能借用一些嗎？

返回動詞的時態目錄

11.3 used to / be used to

used to + do："過去常常"表示過去習慣性的動作或狀態，但如今已不存在。例如：

Mother used not to be so forgetful. 老媽過去沒那麼健忘。

Scarf used to take a walk. 斯卡夫過去常常散步。

be used to + doing： 對……已感到習慣，或"習慣於"，to是介詞，後需加名詞或動名詞。例如：

He is used to a vegetarian diet.

Scarf is used to taking a walk. 斯卡夫現在已習慣於散步了。

典型例題

---- Your phone number again? I ___ quite catch it.

---- It's 69568442.

A. didn't B. couldn't C. don't D. can't

答案A. 本句雖沒有明確的時間狀語，但從語意上看出，在聽的時候沒有聽懂這個動作發生在過去，因此應用過去時。

返回動詞的時態目錄

11.4 一般將來時

1） shall用於第一人稱，常被will 所代替。will 在陳述句中用於各人稱，在徵求意見時常用於第二人稱。例如：

Which paragraph shall I read first？ 我先讀哪一段呢？

Will you be at home at seven this evening? 今晚七點回家好嗎？

2） be going to +不定式，表示將來。

a. 主語的意圖，即將做某事。例如：What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什麼呢？

b. 計劃，安排要發生的事。例如：The play is going to be proced next month。這出戲下月開播。

c. 有跡象要發生的事。例如：Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看那烏雲，快要下雨了。

3） be +不定式表將來，按計劃或正式安排將發生的事。例如：

We are to discuss the report next Saturday.我們下星期六討論這份報告。

4） be about to +不定式，意為馬上做某事。例如：

He is about to leave for Beijing. 他馬上要去北京。

注意：be about to do 不能與tomorrow, next week 等表示明確將來時的時間狀語連用。

返回動詞的時態目錄

11.5 be going to / will 用於條件句時，be going to表將來,will表意願。例如：

If you are going to make a journey, you'd better get ready for it as soon as possible.

Now if you will take off your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror.

返回動詞的時態目錄

11.6 be to和be going to

be to 表示客觀安排或受人指示而做某事，be going to 表示主觀的打算或計劃。例如：

I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我去踢球。（客觀安排）

I'm going to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我想去踢球。（主觀安排）

返回動詞的時態目錄

11.7 一般現在時表將來

1）下列動詞come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般現在時可以表示將來，主要用來表示在時間上已確定或安排好的事情。例如：

The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火車明天上午六點開。

When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes. 汽車什麼時候開？十分鍾後。

2）以here, there等開始的倒裝句，表示動作正在進行。例如：

Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. 車來了。

There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. 鈴響了。

3）在時間或條件句中。例如：

When Bill comes （不是will come）, ask him to wait for me. 比爾來後，讓他等我。

I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 我到了那裡，就寫信給你。

4）在動詞hope, take care that, make sure that等的賓語從句中。例如：

I hope they have a nice time next week. 我希望他們下星期玩得開心。

Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room. 離開房間前，務必把窗戶關了。

返回動詞的時態目錄

11.8 用現在進行時表示將來

下列動詞come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等現在進行時可以表示將來。例如：

I'm leaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了。

Are you staying here till next week? 你會在這兒呆到下周嗎？

返回動詞的時態目錄

11.9 現在完成時

現在完成時用來表示之前已發生或完成的動作或狀態，其結果的影響現在還存在；也可表示持續到現在的動作或狀態。其構成：have （has） +過去分詞。

返回動詞的時態目錄

11.10 比較一般過去時與現在完成時

1）一般過去時表示過去某時發生的動作或單純敘述過去的事情，強調動作；現在完成時為過去發生的，強調過去的事情對現在的影響，強調的是影響。

2）一般過去時常與具體的時間狀語連用，而現在完成時通常與模糊的時間狀語連用，或無時間狀語。

一般過去時的時間狀語：yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just now等，皆為具體的時間狀語。

現在完成時的時間狀語：for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in past years, always等，皆不確定的時間狀語。

共同的時間狀語：this morning, tonight, this April, now, already, recently, lately 等。

3）現在完成時可表示持續到現在的動作或狀態，動詞一般是延續性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.。

一般過去時常用的非持續性動詞有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。例如：

I saw this film yesterday. （強調看的動作發生過了）

I have seen this film. （強調對現在的影響，電影的內容已經知道了）

Why did you get up so early? （強調起床的動作已發生過了）

Who hasn't handed in his paper? （強調有卷子未交，疑為不公平競爭）

He has been in the League for three years. （在團內的狀態可延續）

He has been a League member for three years. （是團員的狀態可持續）

句子中如有過去時的時間副詞（如yesterday, last, week, in 1960）時，不能使用現在完成時，要用過去時。

（錯）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.

（對）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.

返回動詞的時態目錄

11.11 用於現在完成時的句型

1）It is the first / second time.... that…結構中的從句部分，用現在完成時。例如：

It is the first time that I have visited the city. 這是我第一次訪問這城市。

This is the first time （that） I've heard him sing. 這是我第一次聽他唱歌。

注意：It was the third time that the boy had been late.

2）This is +形容詞最高級+that…結構，that 從句要用現在完成時。例如：

This is the best film that I've （ever） seen. 這是我看過的最好的電影。

典型例題

（1） ---Do you know our town at all?

---No, this is the first time I ___ here.

A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming

答案B. This is the first time 後面所加從句應為現在完成時，故選B。

（2） ---Have you ____ been to our town before?

---No, it's the first time I ___ here.

A. even, come B. even, have come C. ever, come D. ever, have come

答案D. ever意為曾經或無論何時，反意詞為never，此兩詞常用於完成時。

注意：非延續性動詞的否定形式可以與表示延續時間的狀語連用。即動作不發生的狀態是可以持續的。

（錯）I have received his letter for a month.

（對）I haven't received his letter for almost a month.

返回動詞的時態目錄

11.12 比較since和for

Since 用來說明動作起始時間，for用來說明動作延續時間長度。例如：
I have lived here for more than twenty years.我住在這兒二十多年了。
I have lived here since I was born. 我從出生起就住在這兒了。
注意：並非有for 作為時間狀語的句子都用現在完成時。
I worked here for more than twenty years. （我現在已不在這里工作。）
I have worked here for many years.（現在我仍在這里工作。）
注意：用句型轉換的方法，很容易排除非延續動詞在有for/since結構的完成時中的誤用。
1）（對） Tom has studied Russian for three years. = Tom began to study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it now.
2）（錯） Harry has got married for six years. = Harry began to get married six years ago, and is still getting married now.
顯然，第二句不對，它應改為 Harry got married six years ago. 或 Harry has been married for six years.

返回動詞的時態目錄

11.13 since的四種用法

1） since +過去一個時間點（如具體的年、月、日期、鍾點、1980, last month, half past six）。例如：

I have been here since 1989. 1989起，我一直在這兒。

2） since +一段時間+ ago。例如：

I have been here since five months ago. 我在這兒，已經有五個月了。

3） since +從句。例如：

Great changes have taken place since you left. 你走後，變化可大了。

Great changes have taken place since we were here. 我們走後，變化可大了。

4） It is +一段時間+ since從句。例如：

It is two years since I became a postgraate student. 我考上研究生有兩年了。

返回動詞的時態目錄

11.14 延續動詞與瞬間動詞

1） 用於完成時的區別

延續動詞表示經驗、經歷； 瞬間動詞表示行為的結果，不能與表示段的時間狀語連用。例如：

He has completed the work. 他已完成了那項工作。 （表結果）

I've known him since then. 我從那時起就認識他了。（表經歷）

2） 用於till / until從句的差異

延續動詞用於肯定句，表示"做……直到……" 瞬間動詞用於否定句，表示"到……，才……"。例如：

He didn't come back until ten o'clock. 他到10 點才回來。

He slept until ten o'clock. 他一直睡到10點。

典型例題

1. You don't need to describe her. I ___ her several times.

A. had met B. have met C. met D. meet

答案B. 首先本題後句強調對現在的影響，我知道她的模樣，你不用描述。再次，several times告知為反復發生的動作，因此用現在完成時。

2. ---I'm sorry to keep you waiting.

---Oh, not at all. I ___ here only a few minutes.

A. have been B. had been C. was D. will be

答案A. 等待的動作由過去開始，持續到現在，應用現在完成時。

返回動詞的時態目錄

11.15 過去完成時

1） 概念：表示過去的過去

----|----------|--------|----> 其構成是had +過去分詞構成。

那時以前 那時 現在

2） 用法

a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動詞後的賓語從句。例如：

She said （that）she had never been to Paris. 她告訴我她曾去過巴黎。

b. 狀語從句

在過去不同時間發生的兩個動作中，發生在先，用過去完成時；發生在後，用一般過去時。例如：

When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 警察到達時，小偷們早就跑了。

c. 表示意向的動詞，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用過去完成時表示"原本…，未能…"。例如：

We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 那時我們希望你能來，但是你沒有來。

3） 過去完成時的時間狀語before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。例如：

He said that he had learned some English before. 他說過他以前學過一些英語。

By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself. 到了十二歲那年，愛迪生開始自己謀生。

Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.

湯姆失望了，因為他到達晚會時，大部分客人已經走了。

典型例題

The students ___ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she ___ in the office.

A. had written, left B，were writing, has left C. had written, had left D. were writing, had left

答案D. "把書忘在辦公室"發生在"去取書"這一過去的動作之前，因此"忘了書"這一動作發生在過去的過去，用過去完成時。句中when表示的是時間的一點，表示在"同學們正忙於……"這一背景下，when所引導的動作發生。因此前一句應用過去進行時。

注意： had hardly… when 還沒等…… 就……。例如：

I had hardly opened the door when I he hit me. 我剛打開門，他就打了我。

had no sooner…than 剛…… 就……。例如：

He had no sooner bought the car than he sold it. 他剛買了這輛車，轉眼又賣了。

返回動詞的時態目錄

11.16 用一般過去時代替過去完成時

1） 兩個動作如按順序發生，又不強調先後，或用then，and，but 等連詞時，多用一般過去時。例如：

When she saw the mouse，she screamed. 她看到老鼠，就叫了起來。

My aunt gave me a hat and I lost it. 姑媽給了我一頂帽子，我把它丟了。

2 ） 兩個動作相繼發生，可用一般過去時；如第一個動作需要若干時間完成，用過去完成時。例如：

When I heard the news, I was very excited.

3） 敘述歷史事實，可不用過去完成時，而只用一般過去時。例如：

Our teacher told us that Columbus discovered America in 1492.

返回動詞的時態目錄

11.17 將來完成時

1） 構成will have done

2） 概念

a. 狀態完成：表示某事繼續到將來某一時為止一直有的狀態。例如：

They will have been married for 20 years by then. 到那時他們結婚將有二十年了。

b. 動作完成：表示將來某一時或另一個將來的動作之前，已經完成的動作或獲得的經驗。例如：

You will have reached Shanghai by this time tomorrow. 明天此時，你已經到達上海了。

返回動詞的時態目錄

11.18 現在進行時

現在進行時的基本用法：

a. 表示現在（指說話人說話時）正在發生的事情。例如：

We are waiting for you. 我們正在等你。

b. 習慣進行：表示長期的或重復性的動作，說話時動作未必正在進行。例如：

Mr. Green is writing another novel. 他在寫另一部小說。（說話時並未在寫，只處於寫作的狀態。）

c. 表示漸變，這樣的動詞有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。例如：

The leaves are turning red. 葉子在變紅。

It's getting warmer and warmer. 天越來越熱了。

d. 與always, constantly, forever 等詞連用，表示反復發生的動作或持續存在的狀態，往往帶有說話人的主觀色彩。例如：

You are always changing your mind. 你老是改變主意。

典型例題

My dictionary ___, I have looked for it everywhere but still___ it.

A. has lost, don't find B. is missing, don't find C. has lost, haven't found D. is missing, haven't found.

答案D. 前句是一個仍在持續的狀態，應用進行時，由於沒有找到，其影響仍然存在，應用完成時，瞬間動詞用於否定式時可用於完成時。

返回動詞的時態目錄

11.19 不用進行時的動詞

1）表示事實狀態的動詞，如have, belong, possess, cost, owe, exist, include, contain, matter, weigh, measure, continue等。例如：I have two brothers. 我有兩兄弟。

This house belongs to my sister. 這房子是我姐的。

2）表示心理狀態的動詞，如know, realize, think see, believe, suppose, imagine, agree, recognize, remember, want, need, forget, prefer, mean, understand, love, hate等。例如：I need your help. 我需要你的幫助。

He loves her very much. 他愛她很深。

3）瞬間動詞，如accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow, decide, refuse等。例如：

I accept your advice. 我接受你的勸告。

4）系動詞，如seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, become, turn等。例如：

You seem a little tired. 你看上去有點累。

返回動詞的時態目錄

11.20 過去進行時

1）概念：表示過去某時正在進行的狀態或動作。

2）過去進行時的主要用法是描述一件事發生的背景；一個長動作延續的時候，另一個短動作發生。

3） 常用的時間狀語有this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while等。例如：

My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. 我兄弟騎車時摔了下來，受了傷。

It was raining when they left the station. 他們離開車站時，正下著雨。

When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining. 我到達山頂時，陽光燦爛。

典型例題

1） Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger.

A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes

答案C. 割傷手指是已發生的事情，應用過去時。同時，when表時間的同時性，"瑪麗在做衣服時"提供事情發生的背景，因此用過去進行時。

2） As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep.

A. read；was falling B. was reading； fell C. was reading； was falling D. read；fell

答案B.句中的as = when, while，意為"當……之時"。描述一件事發生的背景時，用過去進行；一個長動作發生的時候，另一個短動作發生。句意為 "在她看報紙時，奶奶睡著了。"句中的 fell（fall的過去時），是系動詞，後跟形容詞，如：fall sick。

4. 求初中英語易混系詞語短語的辨析（全部）

1、not a bit , not a little

not a bit 意思為一點也不。如:I'm not a bit hungry now . 我現在一點也不餓。

not a little 意思為"很","非常"等於very 。如:He is not a little tired . 他非常累。

2、no more , no longer

no more ,no longer 二者都有"不在"之意,但是no more (=not…any more) 強調時間上的先後對比；如:Please say no more about this matter .(=Please don't say any more about this matter .) 而no longer(=not…any longer )強調數量或程度上的對比。如:He no longer live here .(He doesn't live here any longer.)

3、go on doing sth. /go on with sth. /go on to do sth.

go on doing sth. 繼續做某事；指前後做的是同一件事。如:Go on reading Lesson Two . 繼續讀第二課。(剛才讀的就是第二課)

go on with sth. 也表示前後做同一件事,但中間有暫停情況。如:After having a cup of tea ,he went on with the work. go on to do sth. 表示繼某事；指前後做的不是同一件事。如:Go on to read Lesson Three .(剛才可能讀的是第二課,也可能幹別的事。)

4、It is/was +adj.+ for sb.to do sth. It is/was +adj. +of sb. to do sth.

這一句型中for 前的形容詞側重說明其後不定式所表述的的這件事,該類形容詞有:difficult , important, necessary , possible , useful 等。如:It's necessary for us to learn English well. of 前的形容詞側重說明其後人的特點,該類形容詞有:kind, right, wrong, nice ,clever, foolish, polite , stupid, careful, 等。如:It's wrong of you to quarrel with her.

5、for example , such as , like

for example 表示"例如"講時,一般只列舉同類人或物中的"一個",如:For example , noise is a kind of pollution. such as 作例如講時,用來列舉同類人或事物中的幾個例子。如:I'm interested in many-subjects ,such as English ,maths, Chinese and PE. like 表示列舉時可與such as 互換。

6、take part in , join , attend

take part in 表示參加時,指參加某一活動,比賽。如:He often takes part in the match at school . 另外,take an active part in 表示積極參加。

join 表示"參加"時主要指參加某個黨派,團體。如:He joined the army at the age of eighteen. 另外,join sb. in …表示"和某人一

起做某事"。如:Would you join us in the match 掛 attend 的意思為出席,指參加會議。如:Mr. Wang will attend the meeting tomorrow .

5. 初中英語近義詞辨析

provide sb. with sth
provide sth for sb.

supply +gas/water etc.

offer + drink/paper

provide + services

offer to help sb. offer sb. sth./ offer sth. to sb.

6. 初中英語詞彙辨析!!!!1

1. clothes, cloth, clothing
&<60; &<60;clothes 統指各種衣服，謂語動詞永遠是復數，cloth 指布，為不可數名詞 clothing 服裝的總稱，
&<60; &<60;指一件衣服用 a piece of, an article of
2. incident, accident
&<60; &<60;incident 指小事件, accident 指不幸的事故 He was killed in the accident.
3. amount, number
&<60; &<60;amount 後接不可數名詞，number 後接可數名詞 a number of students
4. family, house, home
&<60; &<60;home 家，包括住處和家人，house 房子，住宅，family 家庭成員。My family is a happy one.
5. sound, voice, noise
&<60; &<60;sound 自然界各種各樣的聲音，voice 人的嗓音，noise 噪音 I hate the loud noise outside.

6. photo, picture, drawing
&<60; &<60;photo 用照相機拍攝的照片，picture 可指相片，圖片，電影片，drawing 畫的畫
&<60; &<60;Let's go and see a good picture.
7. vocabulary, word
&<60; &<60;vocabulary 詞彙，一個人擁有的單詞量，word 具體的單詞 He has a large vocabulary.
8. population, people
&<60; &<60;population 人口，人數，people 具體的人 China has a large population.
9. weather, climate
&<60; &<60;weather 一天內具體的天氣狀況，climate 長期的氣候狀況 The climate here is not good for you.
10. road, street, path, way
&<60; &<60; road 具體的公路，馬路，street 街道，path 小路，小徑，way 道路，途徑
&<60; &<60; take this road; in the street, Show me the way to the museum.

11. course, subject
&<60; &<60; course 課程（可包括多門科目），subject 科目（具體的學科）a summer course
12. custom, habit
&<60; &<60; custom 傳統風俗，習俗，也可指生活習慣，後接 to do，habit 生活習慣，習慣成自然，後接 of doing.
&<60; &<60; I've got the habit of drinking a lot.
13. cause, reason
&<60; &<60; cause 指造成某一事實或現象的直接原因，後接 of sth./doing sth，reason 用來解釋某種現象或
&<60; &<60; 結果的理由，後接 for sth./doing sth. the reason for being late
14. exercise, exercises, practice
&<60; &<60; exercise 運動，鍛煉（不可數），exercises 練習（可數），practice（反復做的）練習。
&<60; &<60; Practice makes perfect.
15. class, lesson
&<60; &<60; 作「課」解時，兩者可以替換。指課文用 lesson. 指班級或全體學生用 class. Lesson 6; Class 5

16. speech, talk, lecture
&<60; &<60; speech 指在公共場所所做的經過准備的較正式的演說，talk 日常生活中的一般的談話，講話，lecture
&<60; &<60; 學術性的演講，講課 a series of lecture on …
17. officer, official
&<60; &<60; officer 部隊的軍官，official 政府官員 an army officer
18. work, job
&<60; &<60; 二者均指工作。work 不可數，job 可數 a good job。
19. couple, pair
&<60; &<60; couple 主要指人或動物，pair 多指由兩部分組成的東西 a pair of trousers
20. country, nation, state, land
&<60; &<60; country 側重指版圖，疆域，nation 指人民，國民，民族，state 側重指政府，政體，land 國土，
&<60; &<60; 國家 The whole nation was sad at the news.

21. cook, cooker
&<60; &<60; cook 廚師，cooker 廚具 He is a good cook.
22. damage, damages
&<60; &<60; damage 不可數名詞，損害，損失; damages 復數形式，賠償金 $900 damages
23. police, policeman
&<60; &<60; police 警察的總稱，後接復數謂語動詞，policeman 指某個具體的警察 The police are questioning
&<60; &<60; everyone in the house.
24. problem, question
&<60; &<60; problem 常和困難連系，前面的動詞常為 think about, solve, raise，question 常和疑問連系，
&<60; &<60; 多和ask, answer 連用。
25. man, a man
&<60; &<60; man 人類，a man 一個男人 Man will conquer nature.

26. chick, chicken
&<60; &<60; 二者均可指小雞，chicken 還可以當雞肉 The chicken is delicious.
27. telegram, telegraph
&<60; &<60; 當電報解時，telegram 指具體的，telegraph 指抽象的 a telegram, by telegraph
28. trip, journey, travel, voyage
&<60; &<60; travel 是最常用的，trip 指短期的旅途，journey 指稍長的旅途，voyage 指海上航行 a three-day trip
29. sport, game
&<60; &<60; sport 多指戶外的游戲或娛樂活動，如打球，游泳，打獵，賽馬等；game 指決定勝負的游戲，通常有一套
&<60; &<60; 規則 His favorite sport is swimming.
30. price, prize
&<60; &<60; price 價格，prize 獎，獎品，獎金 win the first prize The price is high/low.&<60;&<60;

31. a number of, the number of
&<60; &<60; a number of 許多，謂語動詞用復數。the number of … 的數目，謂語動詞用單數。The number of
&<60; &<60; students is increasing.
32. in front of, in the front of
&<60; &<60; in front of 范圍外的前面，in the front of 范圍內的前面 In the front of the room sits a boy.
33. of the day, of a day
&<60; &<60; of the day 每一天的，當時的，當代的，of a day 暫時的，不長久的 a famous scientist of the day
34. three of us, the three of us
&<60; &<60; three of us 我們（不止三個）中的三個，the three of us 我們三個（就三個人）The three of us
&<60; &<60; --- Tom, Jack and I went to the cinema.
35. by bus, on the bus
&<60; &<60; by bus 表手段，方式，不用冠詞，on the bus 表范圍 They went there by bus.

36. for a moment, for the moment
&<60; &<60; for a moment 片刻，一會兒，for the moment 暫時，一時 Thinking for a moment, he agreed.&<60;&<60;
37. next year, the next year
&<60; &<60; next year 明年，將來時間狀語，the next year 第二年，過去將來時間狀語&<60;&<60;
&<60; &<60; He said he would go abroad the next year.
38. more than a year, more than one year
&<60; &<60; more than a year 一年多，more than one year 超過一年（兩年或三年等）
39. take advice, take the(one's) advice
&<60; &<60; take advice 徵求意見，take the advice 接受忠告 He refused to take the advice and failed again.
40. take air, take the air
&<60; &<60; take air 傳播，走漏，take the air 到戶外去，散步 We take the air every day.

41. in a word, in words
&<60; &<60; in a word 總之，一句話， in words 口頭上 In a word, you are right.
42. in place of, in the place of
&<60; &<60; in place of 代替，in the place of 在…地方 A new building is built in the place of the old one.
43. in secret, in the secret
&<60; &<60; in secret 秘密地，暗自地，偷偷地，一般用作狀語；in the secret 知道內情，知道秘密，
&<60; &<60; 一般用作表語 My mother was in the secret from the beginning.
44. a girl, one girl
&<60; &<60; a girl 可泛指所有女孩, one girl 一個女孩 Can one girl carry such a big box?
45. take a chair, take the chair
&<60; &<60; take a chair 相當於 sit down 坐下，take the chair 開始開會

46. go to sea, by sea, by the sea
50. in charge of, in the charge of
&<60; &<60; in charge of 管理，負責照料， in the charge of 由……照料 He is in charge of the matter.
&<60; &<60; The matter is in the charge of her.

51. in class, in the class
&<60; &<60; in class 在課上，in the class 在班級里 He is the best student in the class.
52. on fire, on the fire
&<60; &<60; on fire 著火, on the fire 在火上 Put the food on the fire. The house is on fire.
53. out of question, out of the question
&<60; &<60; out of question 毫無疑問的，out of the question 不可能的&<60;&<60;
54. a second, the second
&<60; &<60; a second 又一，再一，the second 第…… He won the second prize.
55. by day, by the day
&<60; &<60; by day 白天，by the day 按天計算 The workers are paid by the day.

56. the people, a people
&<60; &<60; the people 指人，a people 指民族 The Chinese is a peace-loving people.
57. it, one
&<60; &<60; it 同一物體，one 同類不同一 I lost my pen. I have to buy a new one.
58. that, this
&<60; &<60; that 指代上文所提到的，this 導出下文所要說的 I was ill. That's why ….
59. none, nothing, no one
&<60; &<60; none 強調有多少，nothing, no one 強調有沒有，nothing 指物，no one 指人
&<60; &<60; --- How many …/ How much …? --- None.
60. anyone, any one
&<60; &<60; anyone 指人，不能接 of，any one 指人物均可，可接 of any one of you

61. who, what
&<60; &<60; who 指姓名或關系，what 指職業或地位 What is your dad? He is a teacher.
62. what, which
&<60; &<60; what 的選擇基礎是無限制的，which 在一定范圍內進行選擇&<60;&<60;
&<60; &<60; Which do you prefer, bananas or apples?
63. other, another
&<60; &<60; other 後接名詞復數，another 後接名詞單數 other students, another student
64. not a little, not a bit
&<60; &<60; not a little 非常，not a bit 一點也不 I'm not a bit tired. 我一點兒也不累。
65. many, much, a lot of
&<60; &<60; many 和可數名詞連用，much 和不可數名詞連用，a lot of 可數，不可數均可，但不用於否定句
&<60; &<60; I haven't many books.

66. much more … than, many more … than
&<60; &<60; much more … than 後接形容詞或不可數名詞，many more … than 後接可數名詞 many more
&<60; &<60; people, much more water, much more beautiful
67. no, not
&<60; &<60; no = not a/any no friend = not a/any friend no water = not any water
68. no more than, not more than
&<60; &<60; no more than 相當於 only，僅僅，只有，not more than 至多，不超過
69. majority, most
&<60; &<60; majority 只能修飾可數名詞，most 可數不可數均可 the majority of people
70. by oneself, for oneself, to oneself, of oneself
&<60; &<60; by oneself 單獨的，獨自的，for oneself 為自己，to oneself 供自己用的，of oneself 自行的，
&<60; &<60; 自動的 The door opened of itself.

71. at all, after all
&<60; &<60; at all 根本，全然, after all 到底，畢竟 After all he is a child.
72. tall, high
&<60; &<60; tall 常指人或動物，high 常指物體 He is tall.
73. fast, quickly
&<60; &<60; fast 側重於指人或物體具有運動速度快的特點，quickly 側重指某事完成或發生的快
&<60; &<60; run fast, answer the question quickly
74. high, highly
&<60; &<60; high 具體的高，highly 抽象的高，高度的 think highly of
75. healthy, healthful
&<60; &<60; healthy 健康的，健壯的，healthful 有益於健康的 healthful exercise

76. sleeping, asleep, sleepy
&<60; &<60; sleeping 正在睡覺，asleep 睡著，熟睡，只能做表語，sleepy 困的，有睡意的&<60;&<60;
&<60; &<60; a sleeping baby The baby is asleep. I'm sleepy.
77. gold, golden
&<60; &<60; gold 指真金製品，golden 指金色的，但金魚用 gold fish, a gold ring
78. most, mostly
&<60; &<60; most 用於表感受的肯定句中，相當於 very，當大部分，大多數解時是形容詞或名詞，
&<60; &<60; mostly 大部分，是副詞 most people, the people are mostly …
79. just, very
&<60; &<60; just 表強調時是副詞，作狀語，very 表強調時是形容詞，用作定語 the very man, just the man
80. wide, broad
&<60; &<60; wide 側重於一邊到另一邊的距離，broad 側重於幅面的寬廣broad shoulders

81. real, true
&<60; &<60; real 真的，真實的，指的是事實上存在而不是想像的，true 真的，真正的，指的是事實和實際情況相符合
&<60; &<60; real gold, a true story
82. respectful, respectable
&<60; &<60; respectful 尊敬，有禮貌，respectable 可敬的，值得尊敬的 be respectful to the aged&<60;&<60;
83. outwards, outward
&<60; &<60; 二者均可用作副詞，表示向外，外面，outward 還可用作形容詞 an outward voyage
84. pleasant, pleased, pleasing
&<60; &<60; pleasant 常用作定語，pleased, pleasing 常用作表語，pleased 主語常為人，
&<60; &<60; pleasing 主語常為物 a pleasant trip The trip is pleasing.
85. understanding, understandable
&<60; &<60; understanding 明白事理的，能體諒的，understandable 可理解的，能夠懂的&<60;&<60;
&<60; &<60; an understanding girl, an understandable mistake

86. close, closely
&<60; &<60; close 接近，靠近，closely 緊緊地，緊密地 closely connected, stand close
87. ill, sick
&<60; &<60; ill 做表語，sick 定，表均可 a sick boy
88. good, well
&<60; &<60; good 形容詞，well 副詞，但指身體狀況是形容詞 He is well again.
89. quiet, silent, still
&<60; &<60; quiet 安靜的，可以發出小的聲音，silent 不發出聲音，但可以動，still 完全不動，完全無聲響
&<60; &<60; He stand there still. 他站在那兒，一動不動，也不說話。
90. hard, hardly
&<60; &<60; hard 努力，hardly 幾乎不 work hard, I can hardly believe it.

91. able, capable&<60;&<60;
&<60; &<60; able 與不定式 to do 連用，capable 與 of 連用 He is capable of doing …
92. almost, nearly
&<60; &<60; 二者均為「幾乎,差不多」和否定詞連用用 almost almost nobody&<60;&<60;
93. late, lately
&<60; &<60; late 遲，晚，lately 最近，近來 I haven't seen him lately.
94. living, alive, live, lively
&<60; &<60; living, alive, live 均為活著的，living 定表均可，alive 定表均可，定語後置，live 只能做
&<60; &<60; 定語，lively 意為活波的 all the living people = all the people alive
95. excited, exciting
&<60; &<60; excited 使人興奮的，exciting 令人興奮的 I'm excited. The news is exciting.

96. deep, deeply
&<60; &<60; deep 具體的深，deeply 抽象的深，深深地 deeply moved, dig deep
97. aloud, loud
&<60; &<60; aloud 出聲地，loud 大聲地 read aloud (出聲地讀)
98. worth, worthy
&<60; &<60; 二者均為值得，worth 後接 doing，worthy 後接 to be done126. care about, care for
&<60; &<60;&<60;&<60;care about 關心，計較，在乎，一般多用於否定句中；care for 關心，照料，喜歡，願意&<60;&<60;
&<60; &<60;&<60;&<60;He doesn't care about his clothes. I don't care for movies.
127. catch a cold, have a cold
&<60; &<60;&<60;&<60;catch a cold 不能和表示「一段時間」的狀語連用，而 have a cold 可以
&<60; &<60;&<60;&<60;She has had a cold for a week.
128. change for, change into
&<60; &<60;&<60;&<60;change for 調換成，change into 變成
&<60; &<60;&<60;&<60;Change the shirt for a bigger one. Water changes into ice.
129. continue, last
&<60; &<60;&<60;&<60;二者均為持續，continue 主動，被動均可，last 只能用主動
&<60; &<60;&<60;&<60;The war continued/lasted five years. The story is to be continued.
130. feed, raise
&<60; &<60;&<60;&<60;feed 喂養，養活，飼養 (to give food to)，raise 飼養，養育 (cause to grow, bring up children)
&<60; &<60;&<60;&<60;raise the family

131. go for a doctor, go to a doctor
&<60; &<60;&<60;&<60;go for a doctor 去請醫生，go to a doctor 去看病&<60;&<60;
132. notice, observe, catch sight of
&<60; &<60;&<60;&<60;notice 注意到，observe 觀察，仔細地看，catch sight of 突然看到 observe the stars
133. insist on, stick to
&<60; &<60;&<60; &<60;insist on 堅持要求，後常接 doing, stick to 堅持, 後常接 sth., stick to the plan
134. look, seem, appear
&<60; &<60;&<60;&<60;look 指從外表上看，seem 指內心的判斷，appear 指給人以表面的印象 appear wise,
&<60; &<60;&<60;&<60;look like his father
135. gather, collect
&<60; &<60;&<60;&<60;gather 把分散的東西集中到一起，collect 指精心地、有選擇地進行收集 collect stamps

136. mean to do, mean doing
&<60; &<60;&<60;&<60;mean to do 打算，想要做某事，mean doing 意思是，意味著&<60;&<60;
&<60; &<60;&<60;&<60;By this I mean giving the students more practice.
137. die from, die of
&<60; &<60;&<60;&<60;die from 表示死於（槍）傷，虛弱，過度勞累，飲食過度等，die of 表示死於疾病，飢餓，
&<60; &<60;&<60;&<60;寒冷，年老，憂愁，失戀等精神因素 die of hunger and cold
138. pay for, pay back, pay off
&<60; &<60;&<60;&<60;pay for 為…付錢，pay back 還錢，但不一定還清，pay off 還清 pay for the book, pay off the debt
139. divide, separate
&<60; &<60;&<60;&<60;divide 把一個整體分成幾部分，separate 把連在一起的個體分開
&<60; &<60;&<60;&<60;divide the apple, separate the houses
140. arrive, get, reach
&<60; &<60;&<60;&<60;arrive 不及物動詞，後接 in (大地點)，at(小地點)，get 不及物動詞後接 to，reach 及物動詞&<60;&<60;
&<60; &<60;&<60;&<60;arrive in Beijing, get to Beijing, reach Beijing

141. grow, plant
&<60; &<60;&<60;&<60;grow 使某種植物在某地生長著或使其發展下去，plant 移植，移栽已經長成秧苗的植物
&<60; &<60;&<60;&<60;plant the trees, trees are growing
142. manage, try
&<60; &<60;&<60;&<60;manage to do 設法做成了某事，try to do 盡力去做某事但不一定成功
&<60; &<60;&<60;&<60;He tried to pass the exam, but he failed.
143. choose, select
&<60; &<60;&<60;&<60;choose 憑個人的判斷力進行選擇，select 有目的地仔細認真地選擇 choose the best answer
144. build, put up, set up, found
&<60; &<60;&<60;&<60;build 一般用語，建成，put up 臨時搭建，set up 建成（內部的設施基本齊全），
&<60; &<60;&<60;&<60;found 國家或組織的建成 put up a tent, set up a school
145. be familiar to, be familiar with
&<60; &<60;&<60;&<60;be familiar to 某物對某人來說是熟悉的，be familiar with 某人熟悉某物&<60;&<60;
&<60; &<60;&<60;&<60;The book is familiar to me. I'm familiar with the book.

146. agree with, agree to, agree on
&<60; &<60;&<60;&<60;agree with 同意某人，agree to 同意某事，agree on 在……上達成一致意見，主語是復數
&<60; &<60;&<60;&<60;agree with you, agree to the plan
147. throw to, throw at
&<60; &<60;&<60;&<60;throw to 扔到……, throw at 朝……扔 He throw a stone at me.
148. receive, accept
&<60; &<60;&<60;&<60;receive 收到某一東西，但不一定接受，accept 接受 I received a gift, but I didn't accept it.
149. wear, put on, dress
&<60; &<60;&<60;&<60;wear 和 dress 表狀態, wear 接衣服等，可用進行時，dress 接人，be dressed in, put on 表動作
&<60; &<60;&<60;&<60;It's cold outside. Put on your warm clothes.
150. listen, hear
&<60; &<60;&<60;&<60;listen 強調動作，hear 強調結果 I listened, but I heard nothing.

7. 初中英語近義詞辨析大全

書店裡有賣的

8. 初中英語片語辨析

because 後面要跟一個完整的句子
because of 後面跟名詞專或片語屬
eg. He did not go to school because he was ill.
He did not go to school because of illness.

9. 初中英語易混詞詞彙辨析（詳細點的）

1. clothes, cloth, clothing
①clothes統指各種衣服，謂語動詞用復數, a suit of clothes指一套衣服。可以說many clothes, these clothes,不說an article of clothes.

②cloth 用來指「織物」時，為不可數名詞。指「布塊」時，是可數的，但注意它的復數形式是cloths,如：Wipe the surface with a damp cloth.

③clothing服裝的總稱，總是單數形式。指一件衣服用a piece of / an article of clothing.

2. incident, accident, event
incident一般是經過策劃，有蓄謀的事件,如西安事變（站在老蔣的立場，這字太合適了）還有如border incident,也可以指小事,如偶遇什麼人；accident指不幸的事故He was killed in the accident；event指較大的事，如你考取大學，對你是個event(盡管對別人無所謂); 歷史上的大事件，也多用event.
3. deal,amount, number
amount / deal及其組合量詞片語後接不可數名詞，number及其組合後接可數名詞a number of students，注意：
Large amount of water was sent to the small village.
Large amounts of water were sent to the small village.
4. family, house, home
home家，包括住處和家人，house房子，住宅，family家庭成員. My family is a happy one.
5. sound, voice, noise
sound凡你聽得到的聲音就是它。voice人的嗓音。noise噪音I hate the loud noise outside.
6. photo, picture, drawing, painting
photo用照相機拍攝的照片，picture可指相片，圖片，電影片Let's go and see a good picture ；drawing畫的畫，主要是線條形的，如工程圖；painting 指（如油彩類）繪畫
7. vocabulary, word
vocabulary詞彙，一個人擁有的單詞總量，word具體的單詞：He has a large vocabulary.
8. population, people
population人口，人數China has a large population.；people具體的人,民族The Chinese are a great people.

What』s the population of your country?
How large is the population of your country.
9. weather, climate
weather具體的天氣狀況，climate氣候狀況The climate here is not good for you.
10. road, street, path, way
road具體的公路，馬路。street街道。path小路，小徑。way道路，做事情的「做法」 // take this road；in the street；show me the way to the museum.
11. course, subject
course課程（課程表中的所有subject），subject科目（具體的學科）Math is her best subject
12. custom, habit
①custom [c/u] 即有時指「一種」風俗、習俗而有時指風俗的「統稱」。the custom of doing sth.如the custom of kissing under mistletoe；但它也可指個人的生活習慣，不過往往側重指一種有規律的行為，而並非一個人那種無意識的「習慣」On Wednesday evening, as was his custom, he went down to the village. ②habit生活習慣，習慣成自然，後接of doing. I've got the habit of drinking a lot.
13. cause, reason
the cause(s) of =... 的原因； the cause f =... 的理由；
The cause of the explosion has not been explained.
You have no cause for complaint. (= to complain.)
汶川地震的（原因V）(理由X) 是什麼呢？

What is the cause of the Wenchuan earthquake?

reason(s)for sth./doing sth.(做)...的理由
the reason for being late

Could you explain your reasons for choosing this particular course?
for reasons of... 由於...的原因，出於什麼的考慮
14. exercise, exercises, practice
exercise運動，鍛煉（不可數）。exercises作業,但做體操也是: gymnastic exercises體操，spelling exercises拼寫練習。practice（遵循某理論或教導而做，有時是反復做的）練習Practice makes perfect的
15. class, lesson
作"課"解時,兩者大致可以替換a mathematics class/lesson；a class/lesson in mathematics都可以說.指課文用lesson.指班級或全體學生用class。如lesson 6; class 5
16. speech, talk, lecture
speech指在公共場所所做的經過准備的較正式的演說，talk日常生活中的一般的談話，講話，但國際性的、圍繞某問題舉行的會談也用talk,如六方會談six-party talk；lecture學術性的演講，講課a lecture on Dickens

17. officer, official
officer 單獨用指陸海空軍官，警官；official主要指政府官員an army officer/ a government official
18. work, job
二者均指工作。work不可數，job可數a good job / out of a job/ out of jobs/ out of work
19. couple, pair
couple主要指人或動物，pair多指由兩部分組成的東西a pair of trousers。夫婦多用couple(也可用pair)；合作夥伴多用pair /a couple of 幾個
20. country, nation, state, land
①country側重指版圖，疆域；②nation指人民，國民，民族；③state側重指政府，政體；④land國土，國家（有點詩意）The whole nation was sad at the earthquake of Wenchuan.
21. cook, cooker
cook廚師，cooker廚具He is a good cook.
22. damage, damages
damage不可數名詞,損害，損失; damages復數形式,賠償金$900 damages
23. police, policeman
police警察的總稱，後接復數謂語動詞，policeman指某個具體的警察The police are questioning everyone in the house.
24. problem, question，issue
problem常和困難（故障）聯系，前面的動詞常為think about, solve, raise。question常和疑問聯系，多和ask, answer連用。problem with the machine不太用of. / issure 實際= 事務 ||environmental problem / issue意思不一樣
25. man, a man
man人類，a man一個男人Man will conquer nature.
man與mankind前都不用the
26. chick, chicken
二者均可指小雞，chicken還可以當雞肉The chicken is delicious. Do you like dogs / dog? (喜歡狗/狗肉？)
27. telegram, telegraph
Shall I______（打電話）or telephone?

telegram多作可數名詞用，如：He received a telegram saying that his mother had died.而telegraph既能作名詞又能作動詞用，本題選telegraph。
28. travel, trip, tour, journey, voyage
travel總稱。trip注重辦事，後接to如a business trip to Shanghai；tour注重遊玩，後接of。journey指稍長的旅途。voyage指乘船的航行，如space voyage.

29. sport, game

sport多指戶外的游戲或娛樂活動，如打球，游泳，打獵，賽馬等His favorite sport is swimming；game指決定勝負的游戲，通常有一套規則
30. price, prize，award, reward
price價格The price is high/low.；prize（競賽類）的獎，獎品，獎金win the first prize；award經評委選出的獎，但The Nobel Prize是個例外；給你老媽擦了地板之類，具體付出具體所得的獎賞，就是reward。
31. a number of, the number of
a number of許多，謂語動詞用復數。the number of…這個數字…，謂語動詞用單數。The number of students is increasing.
32. in front of, in the front of
in front of范圍外的前面，in the front of范圍內的前面In the front of the classroom stands the strict teacher. (教室內前)
33. of the day, of a day
of the day每一天的，當時的，當代的，of a day暫時的，不長久的a famous scientist of the day
34. three of us, the three of us
three of us我們（不止三個）中的三個，the three of us我們三個（就三個人）The three of us---Tom, Jack and I went to the cinema.
35. by bus, on the bus
by bus表手段，方式，不用冠詞。on the bus表所乘具體的車輛，或表范圍They came here on this bus.( by busx)
36. for a moment, for the moment
for a moment片刻，一會兒，for the moment暫時，一時Thinking for a moment, he agreed.
37. next year, the next year
next year將來時間狀語，the next year過去將來時間狀語（如常用於間接引語）He will come here next year. / He said he would go abroad the next year.
38. more than a year, more than one year
more than a year一年多，more than one year超過一年（兩年或三年等）
39. take advice, take the(one's) advice
take advice徵求意見，take the advice接受忠告He refused to take the advice and failed again.
40. take air, take the air
take air傳播，走漏，take the air到戶外去，散步We take the air every day.
41. in a word, in words，in word
in a word總之，一句話In a word, you are right；in words=in word口頭上(in practice實踐上) He should be a friend in practice, not only in word / Or, He should be a friend in deed as well as in word. in words口語化，in word文學化些。
42. in place of, in the place of
in place of代替≈take sb.'s place代替某人；in the place of在…地方A new building is built in the place of the old one.
43. in secret, in the secret
in secret秘密地，暗自地，偷偷地，一般用作狀語；in the secret知道內情，知道秘密，一般用作表語My mother was in the secret from the beginning.
44. a girl, one girl
a girl可泛指所有女孩, one girl一個女孩Can one girl carry such a big box? One在這種用法中常強調數量意味（見38條）
45. take a chair, take the chair
take a chair相當於sit down坐下，take the chair開始開會，做主席The news that Keefe is to take the chair comes
46. go to sea, by sea, by the sea
go to sea當海員，出航，by sea乘船，由海路，by the sea在海邊 go by sea
47. the doctor and teacher, the doctor and the teacher
the doctor and teacher指一個人，既是醫生又是老師；the doctor and the teacher兩個人，一個醫生和一個老師。（有時作為特別強調，也指一個人）

51. in class, in the class
in class在課上，in the class在班級里He is the best student in the class.
52. on fire, on the fire
on fire著火,on the fire在火上Put the food on the fire. The house is on fire.
53. out of question, out of the question
out of question毫無疑問的，out of the question不可能的（記法：opportunity可能性，長的那個片語與可能性有關）
54. a second, the second
a second又一，再一，the second第二的 He won the second prize.
55. by day, by the day
by day白天，by the day按天計算 The workers are paid by the day.
56. the people, a people
the people指人，a people指民族 The Chinese is a peace-loving people.
57. it, one
it同一物體，one同類不同一 I lost my pen. I have to buy a new one.
58. that, this
that指代上文所提到的，this導出下文所要說的 I was ill. That's why…
59. none, nothing, no one
一般情況下，nothing回答what問句；nobody和no one回答who問句；none回答how many或how much問句。

①— What』s in the box?盒子里有什麼？
— Nothing.什麼也沒有。
②—Who is in the classroom?誰在教室里？
—Nobody / No one.沒有人。
③—How many people are there in the park?公園里有多少人？
—None.沒有人。
60. anyone, any one
1. anyone僅指人，any one既可指人，也可指物。如：
Would anyone like a drink?誰想喝一杯嗎?

I don』t want to waste anyone』s time.我不想浪費任何人的時間。

He told her not to tell anyone.他告訴她不要告訴任何人。
—Which pen do you want?你要哪支鋼筆?
—Any one will do.隨便哪一支都行
2. anyone後不能接表示範圍的of短語，而any one後可接表示範圍的of短語。如：

I don』t know any one of them.他們中我一個也不認識。
Any one of us could fail in the exam.我們當中的任何一個都可能考試不及格。
3. anyone不能用作定語修飾名詞，而any one可以用作定語修飾名詞。如：
You can borrow any one video at a time.你一次可以借任何一盤錄像帶。
I can』t point to any one particular reason for it.那件事我找不出具體原因來。
4. anyone可以受形容詞的修飾，且修飾語於anyone之後；而any one很少受形容詞的修飾，若語義上需要，應將修飾語置於any與one之間。如：
Did you see anyone else there?你在那裡看到其他的人嗎?
Have you seen anyone [anybody] famous?你見過名人嗎?

Any red one will do.任何一個紅色的都可以。

61. who, what
who指姓名或關系，what指職業或地位 What is your dad? He is a teacher.
62. what, which
what的選擇基礎是無限制的，which在一定范圍內進行選擇 Which do you prefer, bananas or apples?
63. other, another
other後接名詞復數，another後接名詞單數 other students, another student
64. not a little, not a bit
not a little非常，not a bit一點也不 I'm not a bit tired. 我一點兒也不累。
65. many, much, a lot of
many和可數名詞連用，much和不可數名詞連用，a lot of可數，不可數均可，但不用於否定句 I haven't many books.
66. much more…than, many more…than
much more…than後接形容詞或不可數名詞，many more…than後接可數名詞 many more people, much more water, much more beautiful
67. no, not
no=not a/any；no friend=not a/any friend ；no water = not any water
68. no more than, not more than
no more than相當於only，僅僅，只有，not more than 至多，不超過
69. majority, most
majority只能修飾可數名詞，most可數不可數均可 the majority of people
70. by oneself, for oneself, to oneself, of oneself
by oneself單獨的，獨自的，for oneself為自己，to oneself供自己用的，of oneself 自行的，自動的 The door opened of itself.
71. at all, after all
at all根本，全然；after all到底，畢竟 After all he is a child.
72. tall, high
tall常指人或動物等細長類東西，high常指基礎大的物體 He is tall.
73. fast, rapid, quickly
fast具有速度快的特點，但不一定動了，如停的飛機；rapid一般指本身在動的，如河流，進步；quickly往往與人反應相關 run fast, answer the question quickly
74. high, highly
high具體的高，highly抽象的高，高度的 think highly of
75. healthy, healthful
healthy健康的（指一種長期狀態），healthful有益於健康的healthful exercise總用keep healthy.He's healthy.(V) He's healthy today.(X) His body is healthy.
76. sleeping, asleep, sleepy
sleeping正在睡覺，asleep睡著，熟睡，只能做表語，sleepy困的，有睡意的a sleeping baby；The baby is asleep； I'm sleepy.
77. gold, golden
gold指真金製品，golden指金色的，但金魚用gold fish a gold ring
78. most, mostly
most①用於表感受的肯定句中，相當於very：most impatiently，a most impressive piece of writing.②當大部分，大多數解時是形容詞或名詞：won the most votes.；mostly主要地,是副詞Our weather has been mostly warm.

79. just, very
just表強調時是副詞，作狀語，very表強調時是形容詞，用作定語 the very man, just the man
80. wide, broad
wide側重於一邊到另一邊的距離，broad側重於幅面的寬廣broad shoulders/眼寬、嘴寬用wide, 臉寬用broad
81. real, true
用real去表示「為實」的真，如材料/行為/存在：real gold/ a real friend/ in real trouble；用true去表示「對比性（符合）」的真，如常識/重要性：a true prophecy / a true friend
82. respectful, respectable
respectful尊敬的（自身對別人所抱的心態）；respectable值得尊敬的（給別人的印象），be respectful to the aged
83. outwards, outward
二者均可用作副詞，表示向外，外面，outward還可用作形容詞 an outward voyage
84. pleasant, pleased, pleasing
pleasant常用作定語或表語，「讓別人愉快的」 Life is pleasant. Death is peaceful / a pleasant trip；pleased, pleasing常用作表語，pleased主語常為人，pleasing主語常為物 ；The trip is pleasing. / The food is pleasing to my taste.
85. understanding, understandable
understanding明白事理的，能體諒的，understandable 可理解的，能夠懂的 an understanding girl, an understandable mistake
86. close, closely
close（地點）接近地stand close；closely（關系）密切地 closely connected,
87. ill, sick
ill主要是做表語；sick定語，表語均可 a sick boy
88. good, well
good形容詞；well副詞，但指身體狀況是形容詞 He is well again.
89. quiet, silent, still
quiet安靜的，可以發出小的聲音；silent不發出聲音，但可以動；still完全不動，完全無聲響 He stand there still. 他站在那兒，一動不動，也不說話。
90. hard, hardly
hard努力work hard；hardly幾乎不 I can hardly believe it.
91. able, capable
able與不定式to do連用，capable與of連用 He is capable of doing…
92. almost, nearly
肯定句中通用；almost可以接not以外的否定詞，也就是no, none, never, any以及由no和any構成的詞例如nobody, nothing, anything等；not nearly為習語，表示「far from」，「遠不」的意思
93. late, lately
①late遲，晚是adj.& adv.；②lately最近，近來,只是adv.

Marry late in life/ I haven't seen him lately.
94. living, alive, live, lively
living定表均可；alive表語，後置定語；live只能做定語，一般用於動物；lively意為活潑的all the living people=all the people alive；live show現場直播
95. excited, exciting
excited當事者自己興奮，exciting當事者讓別人興奮的 I'm excited. The news is exciting.
96. deep, deeply
deep具體的深，deeply抽象的深，深深地 deeply moved, dig deep
97. aloud, loud
aloud出聲地，loud大聲地read aloud(出聲地讀)；loudly比loud多些「喧鬧」的含義
98. worth, worthy
worth後接doing，worthy後接to be done, of being done
It is worth visiting. = It's worthy to be visited. = It's worthy of being visited.
99. bad, badly
bad形容詞，badly副詞，但與need, want, require連用為"很，非常" I need the book badly. go bad（變壞）
100. before long, long before
before long不久以後，long before很久以前 not long before = before long

101. quite, rather
quite完全地，相當於completely, rather修飾比較級quite impossible
102. happy, glad
happy定表均可，glad高興，只能做表語a happy girl
103. instead, instead of
instead是副詞，放在句首或句末，instead of是介詞短語，He didn't see a film. Instead，he watched TV. He watched TV instead of seeing a film.
104. too much, much too
簡單說：too much ≈ much，much too ≈ too

105. be about to, be going to, be to do
be about to「馬上要做」後面不接時間狀語，be going to側重打算，想法，
be to do側重意志，計劃，安排I'm to meet him.(含雙方事先約好的意思)
106. raise, rise
raise及物動詞，rise不及物動詞The sun rises in the east./ be on the rise上漲,上升；give rise to引起;使發生；have a rise in wages
107. bring, take, carry, fetch
bring拿來，take帶走，carry隨身攜帶，fetch去回這一往返動作fetch a box of chalk
108. spend, take, pay, cost
spend人做主語，花錢，花時間去做什麼; spend…on sth./in doing sth；take物做主語，做什麼花了多少時間; pay人做主語，花錢，pay for；cost物做主語，花錢
109. join, join in, take part in
join接人（群）He joined the army five years ago.；join in參加相對小型的活動, join sb. in；take part in參加大型的活動，自己起一份作用的活動。

110. learn, study
做學習解時，兩者可不區分。但study ①研究study the problem ②書房；learn了解：I learn it from him.
111. want, hope, wish
want打算，想要，want to do, want sb. to do；hope希望（通常可以實現），hope to do/ hope that…（hope sb. to do.錯）；wish希望（通常不能實現）wish (sb.) to do, wish sb/sth. + n. I wish you success.，wish +虛擬語氣

112. discover, invent, find out
discover發現本來存在但不為人所知的東西；invent發明本來不存在的物體；find out發現，查明At last he found out the truth.
113. answer, reply
answer及物動詞，reply不及物動詞，後接to reply to the letter
114. leave, leave for
leave離開，leave for前往He left Beijing for Shanghai.
115. rob, steal
rob搶劫rob sb. of sth.，steal偷steal sth. from sb.
116. shoot, shoot at
shoot射死，shoot at瞄準，但不一定射中He shot the bird and it died.
117. drop, fall
drop及物不及物均可；fall不及物動詞Prices fell/dropped. He dropped his voice.
118. search, search for
只要理解search A for B,且有時會省略A，有時會省略B就可以He searched his pocket for money.
119. used to, be used to
used to do過去常常；be used to sth. /doing習慣於；be used to do sth.被用來He is used to getting up early.
120. win, lose, beat
win後接sth.，反義詞為lose, beat後接sb. win the game, beat them
121. live on, live by
live on以…為主食，live by你好…謀生live on fish/ live by fishing。注意湊巧：He lived on the farm.
122. beat, hit, strike
beat連續性地擊打；hit打中，對准打；strike打一下或若干下beat the wings
123. meet, meet with
與某人會見，意思相同。「體驗到，遭遇到」用meet with：meet with an accident
124. lose, miss，missing
①lose失去（具體的物體），錯過sth. is lost, lose the chance；②miss想念，錯過，miss the chance；③missing缺失（而不完美）,失蹤：Several pages are missing
125. be tired of, be tired with/from
be tired of厭煩…，be tired with/from因為…而累了be tired with/from running 800 meters
126. care about, care for
兩者都常見於否定句care about關心，計較，在乎；care for喜歡，關心，照料，願意|| He doesn't care about his clothes. I don't care for movies.
127. catch a cold, have a cold
catch a cold不能和表示"一段時間"的狀語連用，而have a cold可以：She has had a cold for a week.
128. change for, change into
change for調換成，change into變成Change the shirt for a bigger one. Water changes into ice.
129. continue, last
二者均為持續，continue主動，被動均可，last只能用主動The war continued/lasted five years. The story is to be continued.
130. feed, raise
feed喂養，養活，飼養(to give food to)，raise飼養，養育(cause to grow, bring up children)：raise the family

10. 初中英語近義詞辨析

support:1. 支撐,支托,扶持2. 支持,擁護,贊成;資助3. (常與can,cannot連用)忍受,忍耐 supply:1. 供給,供應專,提供[O1][(+to/for/with)]2. 補充;滿足屬 provide: 1. 提供[(+for)]2. 裝備,供給[(+with)]3. 規定[Y][+(that)] offer:1. 給予,提供;拿出,出示[O1][(+to)]2. 願意;試圖(做某事);提議[Y][+to-v]3. 出(價);開(價)[O1]