大學英語四級閱讀理解題及解析
大學英語四級考試真題（卷二）之仔細閱讀
【篇章分析】
本篇文章整體閱讀難度並不大，主要講的是關於居住在綠色生態空間的人們要比居住在市區的人們擁有長期的積極的幸福影響。文章後的五道題目以事實細節考查為主，題干定位信息明確，做題難度在中等偏下水平。
【參考答案】
46 B Add to their sustained happiness.
47 A Earn more money.
48 C How long its positive effect lasts.
49 D Their communication with others improved.
50 A Find financial support.
【答案解析】
46. 根據題干中的定位名詞study和green spaces迴文快速定位到文章中的第一段，根據第一段的信息可得出UK
researchers found moving to a green space had a sustained positive
effect（英國研究者發現搬到綠色小區可以帶來持久的積極影響）。以及「people living in greener urban areas
were displaying fewer signs of depression or
anxiety（生活在綠色小區的人們較少表現出抑鬱或焦慮的情緒）」這兩處信息可以確定本題的正確選項是B （Add to their
sustained happiness）。
47. 本題根據題干定位詞Dr. White 及usually do定位到本篇文章中的第一段"There could be a
number of reasons,」 he said, 「for example, people do many things to make
themselves happier: they strive for promotion or pay rises, or they get
married.處，根據本句信息，可推出人們通常讓自己快樂的事是掙更多的錢，因此本題的正確選項為A（Earn more money.）。
48. 由第一段可知「升值、加薪、中彩票只會給人們帶來短期的快樂，這種快樂在過了六個月到一年後就會消失」，第二段首句「Dr. White
said his team wanted to see whether living in greener urban areas had a
lasting positive effect on people's sense of well-being or whether the
effect also disappeared after a period of time.」進一步承接第一段說明Dr.
White的研究目的是要知道居住在綠色環境中給人帶來的積極影響可以持續多久。故本題正確選項為C選項（How long its positive
effect lasts.）。
49. 根據題干信息可以將本題定位至第三段，在最後一句話中，「He observed that people living in
green spaces were less stressed, and less stressed people made more
sensible decisions and communicated better.」由最後的communicate better
可以得出本題的正確選項為D （Their communication with others improved.）。
50. 根據本題題干給出的信息，根據定位詞Dr. White
和government，可定位至最後一段，提到我們需要資金來建立一個高質量的綠色社區，從最後一段的最後一句話「what we really
need at a policy level is to decide where the money is going to come
from to help support good quality local green spaces.」可得出本題的正確選項為A（Find
financial support.）。
B. 2019年大學英語四級考試閱讀模擬試題及解析
考友們都准備好考試了嗎?本文「2019年大學英語四級考試閱讀模衡襪擬試題及解析」，跟著我一起來了解一咐辯激下吧。要相信只要自己有足夠的實力，無論考什麼都不會害怕!
2019年大學英語四級考試閱讀模擬灶和試題：父親形象
Congratulations, Mr. Jones, it's a girl."
Fatherhood is going to have a different meaning and bring forth a different response from every man who hears these words. Some feel pride when they receive the news, while others worry, wondering whether they will be good fathers. Although there are some men who like children and may have had considerable experiencewith them, others do not particularly care for children and spend little time with them. Many fathers and mothers have been planning and looking forward to children for some time. For other couples, pregnancy wasan accident that both husband and wife have accepted willingly or unwillingly.
Whatever the reaction to the birth of a child, it is obvious that the shift from the role of husband to that of father is a difficult task. Yet, unfortunately, few attempts have been made to ecate fathers in this reconciliation (協調) process. Although numerous books have been written about American mothers, only recently has literature focused on the role of fathers.
It is argued by some writers that the change to the father's role, although difficult, is not nearly as great as the change the wife must take to the mother's role. The mother's role seems to require a complete transformation in daily routine and highly innovative(創新的) adaptation. On the other hand, the father's role is less demanding and immediate. However, even though we mentioned the fact that growing numbers of women are working outside the home, the father is still thought by many as the breadwinner in the household.
練習題：
Choose correct answers to the question:
1.What can we know about fatherhood from the passage?
A.It brings a feeling of excitement to most man
B.It make some man feel proud and others uneasy
C.It has a different meaning for men who have daughters
D.It means a responsibility that men accept unwillingly
2.What does the passage say about the shift from the role of husband to that of father?
A. Numerous books have been written about it.
B. Not enough attention has been paid to it.
C. The shift is harder for men than for women.
D. The shift is a difficult but incomplete one.
3.What can we know about mothers from the passage?
A.Mothers get more attention and recognition from society
B.Mothers are innovative and demanding according to some writers
C.Mothers generally stay at home to take care of the children
D.Mothers should help fathers in their reconciliation process
4.Which of the following will the author most probably disagree with?
A. It's as difficult to be a father as it is to be a mother.
B. More books should focus on the role of fathers.
C. The father is still the breadwinner in the household.
D. Fathers are as important to children as mothers.
5.The author's purpose in writing this passage is to
A. explain why there are few books on the role of fathers.
B. praise mothers for their great contributions to the home.
C. criticize fathers for not taking enough responsibility in bringing up the children.
D. complain about the lack of social programs to help fathers in their role shift.
參考答案及解析
1.[B] 事實細節題。由第2段第2句中的pride和worry可以判斷選項B是對該句的近義替換。選項A原文未提到。選項C曲解了原文第2段第1句的意思，該句中的「Fatherhood is going to have a different meaning」表示對於每個男人來說當上父親具有不同的意義，而不是就瓊斯先生而言。第2段最後一句表明只有部分人不情願接受責任，因此在D選項men前面加上some才正確。
2.[B] 推理判斷題。根據第3段最後兩句可以推斷選項B正確。選項A與第3段最後一句陳述的相反。最後一段第1句雖有提及向父親角色的轉變很困難,但並未像選項C那樣對比。選項D錯在incomplete一詞,文中並未提及與該詞相關的內容。
3.[A] 推理判斷題。本題可用排除法。選項B曲解了最後一段第2、3句對母親角色的描述。選項C與原文最後一句不符。選項D原文未提及。只有選項A概括了全文關於母親的論述，而且第2段最後一句也暗示母親受到的關注更多。
4.[C] 推理判斷題。最後一句提到很多人仍然認為父親應該負擔家計,但從本句的用詞如even though和still可以看出作者對這種看法並不認同，由此可以判斷只有選項C作者可能不贊成。
5.[D] 主旨大意題。原文第1、2段講到父親們對將為人父的不同反應;第3段指出很少有人嘗試幫助父親完成角色的轉換;最後一段是一些作家對此做出的不太符合事實的解釋，因此，只有選項D能概括文章的寫作目的。選項A只是文中第2段中的某個細節;選項B的重點是mother,與本文的論題不符;作者並無批評父親之意，因此選項C不正確。
2019年大學英語四級考試閱讀模擬試題：技能多樣性
It』s very interesting to note where the debate about diversity(多樣化) is taking place. It is taking place primarily in political circles. Here at the College Fund, we have a lot of contact with top corporate(公司的) leaders; none of them is talking about getting rid of those instruments that proce diversity. In fact, they say that if their companies are to compete in the global village and in the global market place,diversity. In fact, they say that if their companies are to compete in the global village and in the global market place, diversity is an imperative. They also say that the need for talented, skilled Americans means we have to expand the pool of potential employees. And in looking at where birth rates are growing andat where the population is shifting, corporate America understands that expanding the pool means promotingpolicies that help provide skills to more minorities, more women and more immigrants. Corporate leaders know that if that does not occur in our society, they will not have the engineers, the scientists, the lawyers, or the business managers they will need.
Likewise, I don』t hear people in the academy saying.」Let』s go backward. Let』s go back to the good old days, when we had a meritocracy(不拘一格選人才)」 (which was never true-we never had a meritocracy, although we』ve come closer to it in the last 30 years.) I recently visited a great little college in New York where the campus has doubled its minority population in the last six years. I talked with an African American who has been a professor there for a long time, and she remembers that when she first joined the community, there were fewer than a handful of minorities on campus. Now, all of us feel the university is betterbecause corporate board rooms or on college campuses.
練習題：
Choose correct answers to the question:
1.The word」imperative」(Line5,Para.1) most probably refers to something _____
A.Superficial
B.remarkable
C.debatable
D.essential
2.Which of the following groups of people still differ in their views on diversity?
A. Minorities.
B. Politicians.
C. Professors.
D. Managers.
3.High corporate leaders seem to be in favor of promoting diversity so as to ______
A. lower the rate of unemployment
B. win equal political rights for minorities
C. be competitive in the world market
D. satisfy the demands of a growing population
4.It can be inferred from the passage that _____
A. meritocracy can never be realized without diversity
B. American political circles will not accept diversity
C. it is unlikely that diversity will occur in the U.S. Media
D. minorities can only enter the fields were no debate is heard about diversity
5.According to the passage diversity can be achieved in American society by ____
A. expanding the pool of potential employees
B. promoting policies that provide skills to employees
C. training more engineers, scientists lawyers and business managers
D. providing ecation for all regardless of race or sex
參考答案及解析
1.[D] 詞義理解題。本句說到公司要在地球村和全球市場上競爭，多樣性是imperative，由前文「沒有取消引起多樣性的手段」和下文提到的公司對各種各樣有技能的美國人的需求可知，多樣性對於企業來說應該「必需的」故D正確。
2.[B] 事實細節題。第2段末句指出這種辯論主要存在於政治圈和媒體中，結合上句內容，可知其中的this debate指的就是關於多樣性的辯論，故B正確。
3.[C] 事實細節題。由第1段第4句可知，公司高層領導人促進多樣化的原因是想要在全球市場上更具競爭力，C與此相符。
4.[A] 推理判斷題。第2段中提到有些人認為在沒有多樣性的過去照樣能做到不拘—格選人才，但作者馬上which was never true否定此觀點，故A正確。第2段只提到多樣性的辯論存在於政治圈和媒體，但並不代 表在這兩個圈子裡不能接受或從未出現多樣性，故排除B、C;D說法過於絕對,且在文中找不到依據，也可排除。
5.[D] 推理判斷埋。由第1段倒數第2句可知企業expand the pool就意味著向more minorities，more women 和 more immigrants提供技能培訓，而expand the pool對應的就是題干中的說的多樣性的形成，D中的race 和sex分別對文中minorities和women，故正確。A泛泛而談，沒有說到點子上，不如D具體、准確;B與多樣性沒有關系，C是利用文中的有關職業的詞拼湊而成的干擾項。
2019年大學英語四級考試閱讀模擬試題：心理健康
Thoughts of suicide haunted Anita Rutnam long before she arrived at Syracuse University. She had a historyof mental illness and had even attempted to kill herself. During her junior year of college, she tried again. On a February morning in 1998, just days after a campus counselor recommended she be hospitalized for her suicidal tendencies, Rutnam threw herself off the eighth floor of a Syracuse dormitory.
Miraculously, she survived. But three years later, Rutnam still feels the effects of that day. She has notbeen able to finish college and is suing her former school for malpractice. Her suit asserts that, given the campus counselor's advice, school officials should have done more to prevent her suicide attempt.
This incident and others have thrown a spotlight on an issue that is causing growing concern in dorm roomsand students center. Are colleges providing adequate care for students who may be struggling with a range of mental illnesses? In the Syracuse cases, a spokesman for the school contends, "The University tried repeatedly to help Anita, and we felt that they acted appropriately." But lawyers are busy there and elsewhere.
After accidents, suicide is the second biggest killer of kids in college. And while the number of studentswho kill themselves on campus is no higher than that of 18-to-24-year-olds in the general population, a series of sensational incidents has raised the question of whether troubled students are getting proper attention.
So what are the schools' responsibilities to at-risk students, particularly those who may be genetically predisposed (易患……病的)to mental illness? College can be a breeding ground for Psychiatric problems. Poor eating habits and irregular sleeping patterns-especially combined with the academic stress of college life -may all play roles in triggering mental problems. Additionally, many of the major psychiatric illnesses including depression often do not manifest themselves until the late teens or early 20s.
練習題：
Choose correct answers to the question:
1. Anita Rutnam couldn't finish college most probably because_____
A. she couldn't get enough concern from Syracuse University
B. she wasn't physically healthy enough to continue schooling
C. she still kept thinking about killing herself whenever at school
D. she has been troubled by the memory of the incident very often
2. What does the author want us to know through Anita Rutnam's story?
A. The universities are not responsible for their students.
B. Suicides are popular on college campus and should be handled properly.
C. Why Anita committed suicide is still a mystery.
D. Universities should get prepared in case their students sue them.
3. What does Anita accuse her former school of?
A. Ignorance of her abnormal behaviors.
B. Lack of safeguard against her suicidal intention.
C. Failure to give her proper academic instructions.
D. Indifference to her physical disease.
4. How does Syracuse University defend itself against Anita's suit?
A. It has given her e attention as well as help.
B. Alt students should be able to control their own behavior.
C. It is more than the school's responsibility to supervise the students.
D. Colleges can be a breeding ground for psychiatric problems.
5. All the following problems are implied as possible causes of campus suicide incidents EXCEPT _____.
A. poor academic results
B. failing to get proper sleep
C. lack of family concern
D. family history of mental illness
參考答案及解析
1.[D] 事實細節題。根據題干定位第2段第2、3句。這兩句之間存在隱含的因果關系，第2句是因，第3句是果。只有選項D在第2句提到其他選項均未提及。
2.[B] 推理判斷題。本文開頭的例子所支持的現點在第3段第1句，同時結合suicide，此題答案為B。選項A、D的觀點有誤,選項C與本文的寫作目的無關。
3.[B] 事實細節題。第2段第3句中的malpractice和第4句中的虛擬語氣說明，她認為學校沒有對她的自殺企圖採取足夠的防範措施，故選B。選項A最具干擾性，但第3句說明學校關注過她的問題，只是關注不夠，因此選項A過於絕對。選項C中的academic instructions和D中的physical disease屬於與文章無關的信息。
4.[A] 事實細節題。第4段倒數第2句引文是該校發言人的辯護詞，與選項A的意思一致。選項B、C為無關信息。選項D是原文最後一段的原句照搬,與此題不相關。
5.[C] 事實細節題。最後一段提到造成精神疾病的多種原因。第1句中的generally predisposed為先天具有之意,與選項D的內容吻合。選項B和A分別對應文中破折號前後的內容。
C. 大學英語四級閱讀真題長難句型分析
大學英語四級閱讀真題長難句型分析
引導語：下面我就給大家帶來大學英語四級閱讀真題長難句型分析，謝謝您的閱讀，祝您閱讀愉快。
長難句一
Although some of the more ambitious programs require new investments in servers and networks to support collaborative software, most distance learning courses can run on existing or minimally upgraded ( 升級) systems. (07.12 Passage 1)
分析主幹：courses can run (on...)
Although 引導讓步狀語從句。investment in...表示“在......方面的投資”。不定式to support... 是賓語investment 的補足語，“項目需要投資來支持相關軟體”(因為)support 的邏輯主語不是programs 而是investment，所以該不定式應該是補語，而非目的狀語)。譯文：雖然一些規模更大的課程需要斥資增加新的伺服器、擴建網路來支持配套的軟體，但大部分遠程教育課程可以在現有的或稍加升級的系統上運行。
長難句二
While many good and useful claims are being made, it is clear there is a long way to go in ensuring shoppers are adequately informed about the environmental impact of the procts they buy. (05.6 Passage 2)
分析主幹：it is clear that...
句首的While 引導讓步狀語從句，“盡管”......。it is clear......中，it 是形式主語，省略連接詞that 的從句there is...才是句子的真正主語。in ensuring...是there be 句型的狀語成分，“在確保......方面”。ensuring 後面接的是省略that 的賓語從句。
譯文：雖然有許多好而有用的聲明，但是，很明顯，要確保購買者完全知曉所購產品對環境的影響還需要很長的時間。
長難句三
They only come in when a friend drops dead on the golf course and they think, "Geez, if it could happen to him,..."(08.12 Passage 1)
主幹：They only come in
1.when引導時間狀語從句，而且引導兩個並列的從句：a friend drops dead...以及they think...。引號中的是直接引語，作think的賓語。
2.本句在理解上的一個難點是，they think究竟是與they come in並列還是與a friend drops dead並列。從語言形式上看，兩種理解都可以;但從語義邏輯上看，應該是“他們只有在想到...的時候才來”，把they think歸到時間狀語從句中更合理。
譯文：只有當一位朋友在高爾夫球場猝死時，他們才來看醫生。他們會想到：“哎呀，如果這樣的事能發生在他身上，...”
長難句四
Sometimes, when I was pushed into an argument on left brain versus (相對於) right brain, or nature versus nurture (培育), I would instantly fight fiercely on my behalf and all womankind. (07.6 Passage 1)
分析主幹：I would fight...
when 引導時間狀語從句。本句理解上的難點不在語法結構，而在語言本身所表達的'內容。was pushed into...表明作者不是主動參與這類爭論的。an argument on...“在......方面的爭論”。on my behalf “代表我自己，為我自己。”
譯文：有時候，當我與別人爭論左腦與右腦的問題，或者是先天天賦與後天培育的問題時，我會馬上站在我的立場以及所有女性同胞的立場上給予狠狠的反駁遙。
長難句五
As the words begin to flow, the ideas will come out from the shadows and let themselves be captured on your notepad or your screen. (07.6 Passage 2)
分析主幹：the ideas will come out and let themselves be captured...
句首的as 引導時間狀語從句。主句部分是復合謂語，有兩個由and 連接的並列謂語。
譯文：隨著話語開始流淌，思想也會逐漸明朗化，使自己呈現在你的筆記本或者屏幕上。
長難句六
While she awaits the outcome, the government has granted her permission to work here and she has returned to her job at Ben & Jerry‘s. (06.6 Passage 2)
分析主幹：the government has granted her permission and she has returned to...
While 引導時間狀語從句。本句主句是由and 連接兩個分句構成的並列句，兩個分句都用了現在完成時，與狀語從句的一般現在時對照來看，表明主句中的兩個動作都是在await 期間完成。grant 後面接了雙賓語，間接賓語是her，直接賓語是permission。
譯文：在她等待結果出來期間，政府給予她在美國的工作許可，她已經返回到她在Ben & Jerry 冰激凌連鎖店的工作崗位。
長難句七
Because I know very little about farm animals who use tools or angels who go to first grade, I had to accept the fact that I was co-opting (借用) my daughter‘s experience. (07.12 Passage 2)
分析主幹：I had to accept the fact...
Because 引導原因狀語從句。該從句用了know little about...結構，about 有兩個賓語。that 引導的從句是即farm animals 和angels，中間用or 連接，兩個名詞分別都有定語從句加以修飾。主句部分fact 帶有that 引導的同位語從句。
譯文：因為我對會使用工具的家畜和上一年級的天使一無所知，所以我得承認這樣的事實：我在借用我女兒的經驗。
長難句八
The I SO labeling standards ban vague or misleading claims on proct packaging, because terms such as “environmentally friendly”and “non-polluting”cannot be verified. (05.6 Passage 2)
分析主幹：院The standards ban claims本句只含一個原因狀語從句，結構上較為簡單。值得注意的是，句中的名詞片語大多含有修飾成分，如：The ISO labeling standards, claims on proct packaging, terms such as...。
譯文：ISO 標識標准禁止在商品的包裝上出現模糊的或會引起誤導的產品說明，因為我們無法證明類似“環保”、“無污染”等這樣的字樣。
長難句九
While the kinds of instruction offered in these programs will differ, distance learning usually signifies a course in which the instructors post syllabi (課程大綱), reading assignments, and scheles on Websites, and students send in their assignments by e-mail. (07.12 Passage 1)
分析主幹：distance learning signifies a course
1.句首While 引導狀語從句，有讓步、對比之意。
2.in which 引導定語從句修飾a course，該從句本身是and 連接兩個分句構成的並列結構，兩個分句分別講到有關老師和學生的情況。post... on Websites 結構中，post 含有3 個賓語。
譯文：雖然網路課程提供的教學形式會各不相同，但遠程學習通常都表現為這樣一種課程：教師將課程大綱、閱讀作業及課程進度安排在網站上公布，學生通過電子郵件提交作業。
長難句十
While you need to employ both to get to a finished result, they cannot work in parallel no matter how much we might like to think so. (07.6 Passage 2)
分析主幹：they cannot work...
While 引導讓步狀語從句，“盡管......”。從句中的employ 表示“採用”，不定式to get...作目的狀語。work in parallel“並行不悖地起作用”。no matter how 也引導讓步狀語從句，表示“無論多麼......”。
譯文“盡管要完成定稿這兩種思維都不可或缺，可是它們卻不能並行著參與寫作過程-----無論我們多麼認為原本如此。
長難句十一
Even people who have a physical disease or handicap (缺陷) may be "well,"in this new sense, if they make an effort to maintain the best possible health they can in the face of their physical limitations. (06.12 Passage 2)
分析主幹:people may be "well"
主句的主語people 有一個who 引導的定語從句修飾。if 引導條件狀語從句，從句中的they can 是省略形式的定語從句(相當於they can maintain)，修飾health。
譯文：在這種新的意義上來說，甚至有生理疾患或缺陷的人也是“健康的”，如果他們在面對身體缺陷時盡力去達到可能的最好健康狀況的話。
長難句十二
Even people who have a physical disease or handicap (缺陷) may be "well,"in this new sense, if they make an effort to maintain the best possible health they can in the face of their physical limitations. (06.12 Passage 2)
分析主幹:people may be "well"
主句的主語people 有一個who 引導的定語從句修飾。if 引導條件狀語從句，從句中的they can 是省略形式的定語從句(相當於they can maintain)，修飾health。
譯文：在這種新的意義上來說，甚至有生理疾患或缺陷的人也是“健康的”，如果他們在面對身體缺陷時盡力去達到可能的最好健康狀況的話。
長難句十三
Most likely, you will believe that this will take more time than you actually have and you will end up staring blankly at the page as the deadline draws near. (07.6 Passage 2)
分析主幹：you will believe that... and you will end up staring...
本句主句是and 連接兩個分句構成的並列句。前一個分句中，that 引導的從句作believe 的賓語，該賓語從句中又包含一個由than 引導的比較狀語從句。後一個分句中，謂語部分是end up doing 結構，staring...作主語補足語。
譯文：你很有可能會以為這樣加工整理素材會讓你時間不夠用，結果是最後隨著交稿日期的逐漸臨近，你將只是盯著稿件發呆。
長難句十四
Organized by the New York-based nonprofit Earth Pledge, the show inspired many top designers to work with sustainable fabrics for the first time. (09.6 Passage 1)
分析主幹：the show inspired designers
本句是簡單句。過去分詞短語Organized by...在句中作狀語，用以補充說明主語的背景信息。謂語部分用了inspire sb. to do 結構，不定式短語to work with...是賓語補足語。
譯文：這次時裝秀由總部位於紐約的非盈利組織Earth Pledge 主辦，激發了許多頂尖設計師第一次使用不破壞生態平衡的布料設計時裝。
長難句十五
This week Wal-Mart is set to announce a major initiative aimed at helping cotton farmers go organic: it will buy transitional (過渡型的) cotton at higher prices, thus helping to expand the supply of a key sustainable material. (09.6 Passage 1)
分析主幹：Wal-Mart is set to announce a (major) initiative: it will buy (transitional)cotton...
1.本句冒號後的內容是對前文initiative 的詳細闡述，相當於一個同位語從句。
2.冒號前的分句中，謂語動詞用了be set to do 結構，過去分詞短語aimed to...是initiatives 的後置定語，相當於一個定語從句。
3.冒號後的分句中，結構簡單，其中helping to...是現在分詞短語，作謂語動詞buy 的狀語，表示目的。
譯文：本周沃爾瑪超市准備出台一項重大舉措，目的在於幫助棉農種植有機棉：沃爾瑪將以更高的價格收購過渡型的棉花，以此幫助擴大一種重要有機原材料的供應。
長難句十六
Telling myself that I was merely an experienced writer guiding the young writer across the hall, I offered suggestions for characters, conflicts and endings for her tales. (07.12 Passage 2)
分析主幹：I offered suggestions (for...)
句首的Telling 是現在分詞，作狀語，表示伴隨動作：它帶了一個賓語從句，從句的表語writer 後接了一個作定語的現在分詞guiding...。主句部分的介詞for 帶有三個名詞作賓語，與suggestion 連用，表示“對.......的建議”。
譯文：我對自己說，我只是一個有經驗的作家，在指導身邊的一位年輕作家。我對她的那些故事中的人物堯沖突及結局提出建議。
長難句十七
Some expected emailers to be the biggest liars, reasoning that because deception makes people uncomfortable, the detachment (非直接接觸) of emailing would make it easier to lie. (06.6 Passage 1)
分析主幹：Some expected emailers to be the biggest liars...
不定式to be the biggest liars 在句中作賓語emailers 的補語。現在分詞reasoning在句中作伴隨狀語。that 引導從句作reasoning 的賓語。該賓語從句又包含一個原因狀語從句，由because 引導。
譯文：有些心理學家原以為人們在電子郵件中最容易撒謊，理由是：欺騙使人感到不舒服，所以電子郵件這種非直接接觸的媒介能讓人的謊言更容易說出口。
長難句十八
Consumers are being confused and misled by the hodge-podge ( 大雜燴) ofenvironmental claims made by household procts, according to a “green labeling” study published by Consumers International Friday. (05.6 Passage 2)
分析主幹：Consumers are being confused and misled by...
本句用了現在進行時的被動語態，含兩個謂語動詞confused 和misled。過去分詞短語made by...和published by...分別修飾前面的名詞claims 和study。
譯文：根據消費者國際組織在星期五發表的野綠色商標冶研究報告，消費者受到了各種家居產品五花八門的環保聲明的誤導，都被搞糊塗了。
長難句十九
I have also witnessed a player reacting to his opponent蒺s intentional and illegal blocking by deliberately hitting him with the ball as hard as he could ring the course of play. (05.6 Passage 1)
分析主幹：I have (also) witnessed a player reacting
reacting 在句中是現在分詞，作賓語a player 的補語;by... hitting...是reacting 的方式狀語，hitting 作介詞by 的賓語。as hard as he could 是比較結構，表示“盡力”。
譯文：還有一次我看到過一個球員在比賽中因為對方的一個有意犯規阻擋，而故意使足了力氣把球砸向對方。
長難句二十
Or perhaps someone will casually glance through your credit card purchases or cell phone bills to find out your shopping preferences or calling habits. (08.6 Passage 2)
分析主幹：someone will glance...
本句是個簡單句，謂語動詞glance 後接介詞短語through purchases or bills。不定式短語to find out...在句中作狀語，表示“無意中一瞥”的結果。
譯文：或者有人會隨意翻閱你的信用卡購物單或手機話費單，以此來了解你的購物喜好或通話習慣。
;D. 英語四級 閱讀理解 ，求題目及答案解析
四級仔細閱讀答題技巧：
(1) 細節題
在做細節題時，首先應當仔細閱讀題目，弄清題目的具內體要求容，以及所給4個選項，然後在題目或選項中確定關鍵詞，再利用關鍵詞迴文章中定位，找出文章中相對應的細節性句子，與4個選項進行對照，以確定正確答案。
(2) 主旨題
首先要確定文章有無主題句，以及主題句在文章中的位置。文章的主題句通常位於首段或尾段，有時也出現在文章的中間段落。段落的主題句通常位於段首或段尾，有時也在段落的中間。
(3) 推理題
推理題在大學英語四級考試閱讀理解中是比較難的一類試題，切忌主觀臆斷，推理必須基於文章中的具體事實細節。做題時雖不能直接找到答案，但一定要在文中找到推測的依據，進行合理嚴密的推斷。
(4) 觀點態度題
在回答態度類問題時，對文章體裁的考查是一個非常重要的方面。一般來說，在說明文中作者的態度是客觀的(objective)或中立的(neutral);而在議論文中，作者的觀點才會顯得多種多樣。
E. 英語四級長篇閱讀真題答案(卷一)
英語四級選詞填空真題答案：
The things people make， and the way they makethem， determine how cities grow and decline，and influence how empires rise and fal.So， anydisruption to the world's factories matters.
And that disruption is surely coming.Factoriesare being digitised， filled with new sensors andnew computers to make them quicker， moreflexible， and more efficient.
Robots are breaking free from the cages that sur-round them， learning new skills， and new waysof working.And 3D printers have long promiseda world where you can make anything， any-where， from a computerised design.That visionis moving closer to reality.These forces will eadto cleaner factories， procing better goods atlower prices， personalised to our indivialneeds and desires.Humans will be spared manyof the dirty， repetitive， and dangerous jobs thathave long been a feature of factory life.
Greater efficiency inevitably means fewer peoplecan do the same work.Yet factory bosses in many devel aped countries are worried about alack of ski led human workers-and see automa-tion and robots as a solution.
But economist Helena Leu rent says this period ofrapid change in manufacturing is a fantastic op-portunity to make the world a better
place.“Manufacturing is the one system whereyou have got the biggest source of innovation，the biggest source of economic growth， and thebiggest source of great jobs in the past.“Youcan see it changing.That'san opportunity toshape that system differently， and if we can， itwil have enormous sign fi cance.
26.K) matters
27.G) flexible
28.M) promised
29.L) moving
30.0) spared
31.F) feature
32.H) inevitably
33.A) automation
34.D) fantastic
35.N) shape
信息匹配：
36.[E] That comment ，say sMothering Justice director Dan-i elle Atkinson ，"wasmeanttoshame" po
37.[H] But the fact that 4in10Americanscan't come upwith$400inan emergency is a commonly cited statistic forgood reason ： economic instability str er ches across race，gen-der，andgeography.
38.[M] According to the General Social Survey ， 71 percent ofrespondents believe the country is spending too Little on"assistancetothepoor."
39.[J] The FrameWorks Institute ，aresearchgroupthatfo-c uses on public framing of issues ， has studied what sustainsstereotypes and narratives of poverty in the United King-dom
40.[D] If these are the central characters of our story aboutpoverty ， what layers of perceptions ，myths， and realities mustwe unearth to find meaningful solutions and support ?
41.[F] How many of us are poor in the U.S.?
42.[N] " Poverty has been interchangeable with people ofcolor-specificallyblackwomenand”blackmothers，"saysAtkinson of Mothering Justice .
43.[L] Negative images remain of whois living in poverty aswell as what is needed to moveoutofit.
44.[E] That comment ，say sMothering Justice director Dan-ielleAtkinson，"wasmeanttoshame”
45.[L] Those external factors include the difficulties accom-panyinglow-wage work or structural discrimination basedonrace，gender，orability.
仔細閱讀：
P1
46.C They did not become popular until the emergenceof improved batteries .
47.BThefaling prices of e bike batteries .
48.DIt will profit from e bike sharing
49.A Retailers 'refusaltodealinebikes.
50.D The younger generation’s pursuit of comfortable riding
P2
51.A Tosway public opinion of the impact of human成activities on Earth
52.Cit covers more phenomena
53.D Deliberate choice of words o ass
54.B For greater precision .
55.C Human activities have serious effects on Earth
英語四級長篇閱讀真題答案(卷一)的內容小編就說到這里了，更多關於大學英語四級考試備考技巧，備考干貨，新聞資訊，成績查詢，英語四級准考證列印入口，准考證列印時間等內容，小編會持續更新。祝願各位考生都能取得滿意的成績。
F. 2019年6月英語四級閱讀真題及答案
2019年6月英語四級閱讀真題Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
Most kids grow up learning they cannot draw on the walls. But it might be time to unlearn that training-this summer, a group of culture addicts, artists and community organizers are inviting New Yorkers to write all over the walls of an old house on Governor's Island.
The project is called Writing On It All, and it's a participatory writing project and artistic experiment that has happened on Governor's Island every summer since 2013.
"Most of the participants are people who are just walking by or are on the island for other reasons, or they just kind of happen to be there," Alexandra Chasin, artistic director of Writing On It All, tells Smithsonian, com.
The 2016 season runs through June 26 and features sessions facilitated by everyone from dancers to domestic workers. Each session has a theme, and participants are given a variety of materials and prompts and asked to cover surfaces with their thoughts and art. This year, the programs range from one that turns the house into a collaborative essay to one that explores the meaning of exile.
Governor's Island is a national historic landmark district long used for military purposes. Now known as "New York's shared space for art and play," the island, which lies between Manhattan and Brooklyn in Upper New York Bay, is closed to cars but open to summer tourists who flock for festivals, picnics, adventures, as well as these "legal graffiti (塗鴉)" sessions.
The notes and art scribbled (塗畫)on the walls are an experiment in self-expression. So far, participants have ranged in age from 2 to 85. Though Chasin says the focus of the work is on the activity of writing, rather than the text that ends up getting written, some of the work that comes out of the sessions has stuck with her.
"One of the sessions that moved me the most was state violence on black women and black girls," says Chasin, explaining that in one room, people wrote down the names of those killed because of it. "People do beautiful work and leave beautiful messages."
46. What does the project Writing On It All invite people to do?
A) Unlearn their training in drawing.
B) Participate in a state graffiti show.
C) Cover the walls of an old house with graffiti.
D) Exhibit their artistic creations in an old house.
47. What do we learn about the participants in the project?
A) They are just culture addicts.
B) They are graffiti enthusiasts.
C) They are writers and artists.
D) They are mostly passers-by.
48. What did the project participants do ring the 2016 season?
A) They were free to scribble on the walls whatever came to their mind.
B) They expressed their thoughts in graffiti on the theme of each session.
C) They learned the techniques of collaborative writing.
D) They were required to cooperate with other creators.
49. What kind of place is Governor's Island?
A) It is a historic site that attracts tourists and artists.
B) It is an area now accessible only to tourist vehicles.
C) It is a place in Upper New York Bay formerly used for exiles.
D) It is an open area for tourists to enjoy themselves year round.
50. What does Chasin say about the project?
A) It just focused on the sufferings of black females.
B) It helped expand the influence of graffiti art.
C) It has started the career of many creative artists.
D) It has created some meaningful artistic works.
2019年6月英語四級閱讀真題Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
Online programs to fight depression are already commercially available. While they sound efficient and cost-saving, a recent study reports that they are not effective, primarily because depressed patients are not likely to engage with them or stick with them.
The study looked at computer-assisted cognitive (認知的)behavioral therapy (CBT) and found that it was no more effective in treating depression than the usual care patients receive from a primary care doctor.
Traditional CBT is considered an effective form of talk therapy for depression, helping people challenge negative thoughts and change the way they think in order to change their mood and behaviors. However, online CBT programs have been gaining popularity, with the attraction of providing low-cost help wherever someone has access to a computer.
A team of researchers from the University of York concted a randomized (隨機的)control trial with 691 depressed patients from 83 physician practices across England. The patients were split into three groups: one group received only usual care from a physician while the other two groups received usual care I from a physician plus one of two computerized CBT programs. Participants were balanced across the three groups for age, sex, ecational background' severity and ration of depression, and use of antidepressants (抗抑鬱葯).
After four months, the patients using the computerized CBT programs had no improvement in depression levels over the patients who were only getting usual care from their doctors.
"It's an important, cautionary note that we shouldn't get too carried away with the idea that a computer system can replace doctors and therapists," says Christopher Dowrick, a professor of primary medical care at the University of Liverpool. "We do still need the human touch or the human interaction, particularly when people are depressed. "
Being depressed can mean feeling "lost in your own small' negative, dark world," Dowrick says. Having a person, instead of a computer, reach out to you is particularly important in combating that sense of isolation. "When you're emotionally vulnerable, you're even more in need of a caring human being," he says.
51. What does the recent study say about online CBT programs?
A) Patients may not be able to carry them through for effective cure.
B) Patients cannot engage with them without the use of a computer.
C) They can save patients trouble visiting physicians.
D) They have been well received by a lot of patients.
52. What has made online CBT programs increasingly popular?
A) Their effectiveness in combating depression.
B) The low efficiency of traditional talk therapy.
C) Their easy and inexpensive access by patients.
D) The recommendation by primary care doctors.
53. What is the major finding by researchers at the University of York?
A) Online CBT programs are no more effective than regular care from physicians.
B) The process of treating depression is often more complicated than anticipated.
C) The combination of traditional CBT and computerized CBT is most effective.
D) Depression is a mental condition which is to be treated with extreme caution.
54. What is Professor Dowrick's advice concerning online CBT programs?
A) They should not be neglected in primary care.
B) Their effectiveness should not be overestimated.
C) They should be used by strictly following instructions.
D) Their use should be encouraged by doctors and therapists.
55. What is more important to an emotionally vulnerable person?
A) A positive state of mind.
B) Appropriate medication.
C) Timely encouragement.
D) Human interaction.
答案：46.C、47.D、48.B、49.A、50.D、51.A、52.C、53.A、54.B、55.D
2019年6月英語四級閱讀真題及答案小編就說到這里了，希望大家都能掌握各類題型的解題技巧。更多關於英語四級考試的備考技巧，備考干貨，新聞資訊，分數線等內容，小編會持續更新。祝願各位考生都能順利通過考試。
G. 12月英語四級閱讀解析：矽谷之所以為矽谷
2015年12月英語四級閱讀解析：矽谷之所以為矽谷
2015年12月19日全國大學英語四級考試已結束，本次考試為多題多卷，以下是2015年12月英語四級閱讀解析：
首先，我們通過文章可以了解到，該篇閱讀的主要內容與之前四級考試所關注的閱讀文章的`主題類似，也是關於科技話題的。在這篇文章中，作者主要闡釋了矽谷之所以成為矽谷的不可替代和復制性。主要原因為：(1)rich people;(2)nerds。是這兩個原因成就了矽谷。文章中，作者拿矽谷和邁阿密、康奈爾及波士頓進行了對比，總結得出：其他的三個城市之所以不能成為矽谷第二的原因。
接下來，我們就第一篇閱讀的答案選項和各位同學一起分享下：
第56題，what do we learn about Silicon Valley from the passage? 這道題目直接可以定位到文中的第一段中：Could you please reproce Silicon Valley elsewhere， or is there something unique about it? 然後在下文中，作者又進一步的指出了矽谷不可代替性的原因。所以答案選項為：Its success is hard to anywhere else
第57題，what makes Miami unfit to proce a Silicon Valley? 這道題目可以定位到原文中的第五段，文中直接指出：it has few nerds。 It is not the kind of place nerds like。 這樣就可以直接選出：Lack of the right kind of talents。
第58題，In what way is Carnegie-Mellon different from Stanford， Berkeley and MIT? 根據題干信息，我們可以直接定位到文中的第六和七段：the weather is terrible， particular in winter， and there ‘s no interesting old city to make up for it， as there is in Boston。 所以選項很明了：Its location is not as attractive to rich people
第59題，what does the author imply about Boston? 這道題的關鍵就在於the weather is terrible， particular in winter， and there ‘s no interesting old city to make up for it， as there is in Boston中的as一詞，這里as 後引導的是 there is no interesting old city to make up for it in Boston。所以正確選項為：what does the author59.It is not likely to attract lots of investors and nerds
say about startup investors? 這道題在文中定位到最後一段：startup investors are a distinct 。。。。。。as well as money。 這樣該題正確選項為：They can do more than providing money
希望以上答案能夠給各位考生提供參考幫助，且預祝各位考生考試成功。
;H. 2019年6月大學英語四級閱讀理解訓練三篇
2019年6月大學英語四級閱配殲讀理解培猛沖訓練：夢
Of all the components of a good night's sleep, dreams seem to be least within our control. In dreams, a window opens into a world where logic is suspended and dead people speak. A century ago, Freud formulated his revolutionary theory that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears; by thelate 1970s, neurologists had switched to thinking of them as just "mental noise"-the random byprocts of the neural repair work that goes on ring sleep. Now researchers suspect that dreams are part of the mind's emotional thermostat, regulating moods while the brain is "off line." And one leading authority says that these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control, to help us sleep and feel better. "It's your dream," says Rosalind Cartwright, chair of psychologyat Chicago's Medical Center, "if you don't like it, change it."
he link between dreams and emotions shows up among the patients in Cartwright's clinic. Most people seem to have more bad dreams early in the night, progressing toward happier ones before awakening, suggesting that they are working through negative feelings generated ring the day. Because our conscious mind is occupied with daily life we don't always think about the emotional significance of the day's events-until, it appears, we begin to dream.
知脊And this process need not be left to the unconscious. Cartwright believes one can exercise conscious control over recurring bad dreams. As soon as you awaken, identify what is upsetting about the dream. Visualizehow you would like it to end instead; the next time it occurs, try to wake up just enough to control its course. With much practice people can learn to, literally, do it in their sleep.
At the end of the day, there's probably little reason to pay attention to our dreams at all unless they keep us from sleeping or "we wake up in panic," Cartwright says. Terrorism, economic uncertainties and general feelings of insecurity have increased people's anxiety. Those suffering from persistent nightmares should seek help from a therapist. For the rest of us, the brain has its ways of working through bad feelings.Sleep-or rather dream-on it and you'll feel better in the morning.
練習題：
Choose correct answers to the question:
1.By saying that 「dreams are part of the mind's emotional thermostat," (Lines 4-5, Para. 1) the researchers mean that _______.
A.we can think logically in the dreams too
B.dreams can be brought under conscious control
C.dreams represent our unconscious desires and fears
D.dreams can help us keep our mood comparatively stable
2.What did Cartwright find in her clinic?
A.Most bad dreams were followed by happier ones.
B.Divorced couples usually have more bad dreams.
C.One』s dreaming process is related to his emotion.
D.People having negative feelings dream more often.
3.Cartwright believed with much practice，we can learn to _____.
A.control what dreams to dream
B.sleep well without any dreams
C.wake up in time to stop the bad dreams
D.identify what is upsetting about the dreams
4.The author points out that a person who has constant bad dreams should ______
A.learn to control his dreams
B.consult a doctor
C.sleep and dream on it
D.get rid of anxiety first
5.The author most probably thinks that controlling dreams is ______.
A.a good practice
B.a new discovery
C.helpful for everyone
D.not essential for everyone
參考答案及解析
1.[D] 詞義理解題。在第1段第4句中，逗號後面的regulating moods是對emotional thermostat的功能進行解釋說明，因此可以推斷出選項D正確。
2.[C] 事實細節題。最具干擾的是選項A，因為其陳述與第2段第2句的陳述有點相似,但是，此長句說的是大多數人上半夜做噩夢，之後都會做好夢，而不是像選項A中所說大多數噩夢之後是好夢。而且，根據本段第1 句，很明顯，選項C是這一句的近義替換。
3 [C] 推理判斷題。本題考査對代詞的理解。在第3段的最後一句中，代詞it應指上文說到的控制噩夢，及時醒來等做法，因此只有選項C涉及了其中一個做法。選項A太泛了，選項B和D在文中並無提及。
4.[B] 事實細節題。本題考查根據構詞法猜測詞義的能力。解題關鍵是推斷最後一段第3句中therapist的意義，在考綱詞彙表中，therapy是「治療」的意思，因此，therapist應該是專門負責某種治療的醫生，由此可見，選項B是對原文seek help from a therapist的近義替換。
5.[D] 觀點態度題。根據最後一句可以推斷作者認為如無必要，夢還是不要控制的好。做夢會讓你早上感覺舒服一些，因此本題應選D。
2019年6月大學英語四級閱讀理解訓練：機器人跳舞
The dancers stand motionless at their position and the room grows silent. But as the music starts, they began to move, bending, turning and waving their fans gracefully as they perform. a traditional Japanese dance. Yoshihiro Kuroki watches in silence, occasionally making notes. But as the dance ends, he beams with happiness. The performance has been flawless.
There have been many performances of traditional Japanese dances over the centuries, but this one is unique,because it is performed not by human dancers but by robots. And the performance takes place not in a dance studio but in a laboratory of Sony Corp.'s Entertainment Robot Co. in Shinagawa, Japan, where Kuroki isgeneral manager. He is the mastermind behind a series of even more capable humanoid entertainment robots,starting with the Sony Dream Robot, or SDR, in 1997, up to the current QRIO in 2003.
These delightful machines are only 58 cm tall, about the size of a newborn infant, weigh about 7 kg, and move with 38 degrees of freedom, each with its own servomotor(輔助馬達).
QRIO's predecessor, the SDR4X, announced in 2002, can walk, dance, sing, speak, recognize faces, and understand continuous speech. Each robot has two charge-coupled-device cameras to detect color and position andcan locate a colored ball, move toward it, and kick it into a goal. It also has contact sensors in severaljoints to avoid pinching real human fingers. Seeing the robot perform, it is difficult to remember that there is no sentience(知覺)behind those glass eyes.
練習題：
Choose correct answers to the question:
1.Which of the following is the most suitable title of this passage?
A.New Entertainment Robots Proced in Japan.
B.QRIO the Robot Dancers.
C.Robots Man's Best Friend.
D.An Extraordinary Performance in Sony's Lab.
2.Yoshihiro Kuroki ______.
A.is excited when the robots are performing a traditional Japanese dance
B.keeps silent because he is a little unsatisfied with the new proct
C.witnesses the creation of a series of entertainment robots
D.is an executive manager of Sony Corp.
3.Which aspect of the robots is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A.The vividness of their motion.
B.Their pleasant appearance.
C.Their smart designing principles.
D.Their communicative ability.
4.The Sony Dream Robot was___
A.the first human-like entertainment robot developed by the Sony Corp
B.as capable as the QRIO of speaking,dancing,singing and walking
C.largest among all the entertainment robot developed by the Sony Corp
D.the first entertainment robot sold at the market by the Sony Corp
5.The robot can locate colored balls by mens of ____
A.a charge-coupled device
B.two cameras
C.two contacts sensors
D.a digital detector
參考答案及解析
1.[A] 主旨大意題。標題需要既全面又突出地概括文章的主題。本文先是描述「舞蹈演員」，然後揭曉這是些「機器人」(第2段第1句)，接著對Sony公司的一些機器人產品進行詳細介紹。選項A比較全面地概括了文章內容。選項B、D只是涉及細節，不能全面地概括本文的內容。而C又過於籠統，不具有針對性。
2.[C] 事實細節題。選項C符合第2段最後一句「He is the mastermind behind a series of... robots...」。仔細閱讀有關的細節信息會發現,第1段第3句可幫助否定選項A。第1段最後兩句可幫助否定選項B。另外，根據第2段倒數第2句可否定選項D。
3.[D] 事實細節題。全文分四段，分別討論機器人三方面的特點：第1段和第2段描述機器人舞蹈演員栩栩如生的表演，即選項A;第3段描寫它們的外表，即選項B;第4段介紹它們巧妙的設計，即選項C;只有選項D是沒有提到的，故為答案。
4.[A] 推理判斷題。該句中的分詞結構「starting with...」表明the Sony Dream Robot是第一個人形娛樂機器人，因此選項A正確。文章在最後一段的第1句提到兩種能說話、跳舞的機器人，但沒有提到SDR是否和它們一樣，由此可否定選項B。在第3段討論機器人大小的時候也沒有提到SDR體型最大，因此選項C不正確。選項D在文中沒有討論到。
5.[B] 事實細節題。該句中「two…cameras to...」的結構表明這兩個攝像頭可以用於定位，所以選項B正確。選項A在該句中也有提到，但它只是攝像機的工作機制，而不是用於定位的裝置。選項C在下一句提到，但與題干提到的定位功能無關。選項D在文中並未提及。
2019年6月大學英語四級閱讀理解訓練：決定嬰兒性別
Henry III didn't know much about biology. He went through six wives back in the 1500s, looking for one whocould bear him a son. Scientists now know that it's the father's sperm, not the mother's egg, which determines whether a baby is a boy or a girl. And last week researchers at the Genetics and IVF Institute, a private fertility(生育能力)center in Virginia, announced a new technique that will allow parents to choose the sex of their baby-to-be, before it has even been conceived. The scientist used a tiny laser detector to measure the DNA in millions of sperm cells as they pass single file through a narrow tube, like cattle being herded through a corral(牲口欄). In a study published last week, "girl sperm," which has more DNA—the genetic material— in each cell, was collected, while "boy sperm" was discarded. And when purified girl sperm was used to impregnate(使受孕)a group of mothers, 15 of 17 resulting babies turned out to be girls.
The researchers say that "sex selection" can also double a mother's chance of having a son and can be usedto avoid genetic diseases that affect only one gender, such as hemophilia(血友病). But some experts, like New York University fertility specialist Dr. Jamie Grifo, worry that sex selection could lead to a kind ofin uteri(子宮)discrimination, especially in cultures where sons are considered superior to daughters. "It's valuing one gender' over another," Grifo says. "I don't think that's something we should be doing." So far, patients at the institute have been asking for both boys and girls, in order to "balance" their families. And some ethics experts say that's fine, as long as parents are just looking for a little gender variety. "If you have three boys, and you want a girl," says University of Texas reproctive-law professor John Robertson, "that's not gender bias at all."
練習題：
Choose correct answers to the question:
1.The DNA in the sperm cells can be measured ______.
A.in the same way how the cattle are herded
B.when they pass through a tube one behind the other
C.after they pass through a laser tube
D.when they are scanned by a laser detector all at a time
2.The gender of the baby is decided by ______.
A.the father's DNA
B.the mother's DNA
C.the father's sperm
D.the mother's egg
3.According to this passage, the practice of "sex selection" ______.
A.can help to prevent all genetic problems
B.is totally unacceptable to ethics experts
C.was already realized five hundred years ago
D.will benefit families with certain inheritable diseases
4.Girl sperm was preferred to boy sperm in the research most probably because____
A.girl sperm contains more genetic material
B.more mother want to have girl babies
C.girl sperm is healthier and more active
D.girl sperm is more easily purified
5.It can be concluded from the passage that author』s toward」sex selection」is____
A.negative
B.positive
C.neutral
D.favorable
參考答案及解析
1.[B] 推理判斷題。解答本題的關鍵在於推斷single file的意思。該句把精子通過試管的情形與牛群被趕入牲口圈的情形作對比，結合single一詞本身的意思，可以推斷single file是「一個接一個」的意思，只有選項B能表達這個意思，由此也可否定選項D。選項A最具干擾性，原句是把精子通過試管的情形比作牛群被趕人牲口圈的情形，而選項A說的是測定精子內DNA的方法與放牧的方法相同，顯然選項A只是引用了原文的某些詞語，但表達的意思與原文卻截然不同。
2.[C] 事實細節題。第1段第3句which引導的非限制性定語從句修飾的是the father's sperm，而不是插入語the mother』s egg,因此選項C正確。
3.[D] 推理判斷題。第2段第1句中的genetic暗示有些疾病是遺傳的，即如選項D所述。第2段第1句同時表明選項A的說法是不全面的。選項B與第2段最後兩句正好相反。第1段前兩句說明選項C是錯誤的。
4.[A] 事實細節題。第1段倒數第2句中的由which引導的定語從句表明選項A的敘述正確。
5.[C] 觀點態度題。文章第2段中作者給出了一些反對者和贊成者的觀點，但是沒有加以評論，可以看出作者的態度是中立的，故選項C正確。