大學英語四級單項選擇答案講解

『壹』 2010年12月英語四級試卷閱讀理解試題選項及答案。

你好哦~~滬江網上有關於這次12月份四級考試的真題和答案，不妨去看一下哦~~~：）

『貳』 出500財富值，哪個高手，給我找30道大學英語四級的選擇題(包括答案解析)，

我從普特英語四級欄目給你整理過來的

題目：The Internet Doesn』 t Hurt People - People Do: 『The NewDigital Age』
整體評價：第一篇文章比第二篇文章難度略低。主要做題方法是根據關鍵詞進行定位，而這個知識點是四級強化閱讀課中反復提及的重點。前四題均是細節題，只需要根據關鍵詞精確定位即可。而最後一題是推理題，需要綜合歸納文中所提到的內容，難度較前四題略高。

文章：
The rise of the Internet has been one of the most transformative developments in human history,comparable in impact to the invention of the printing press and the telegraph. Over two billionpeople worldwide now have access to vastly more information than ever before, and cancommunicate with each other instantly, often using Web-connected mobile devices they carryeverywhere. But the Internet』s tremendous impacts has only just begun.

「Mass adoption of the Internet is driving one of the most exciting social, cultural, and politicaltransformations in history, and unlike earlier periods of change, this time the effects are fullyglobal,」 Schmidt and Cohen write in their new book. The New Digital Age.

Perhaps the most profound changes will come when the five billion people worldwide who currentlylack Internet access get online. The authors do an excellent job of examining the implications ofthe Internet revolution for indivials, governments, and institutions like the news media. But if thebook has one major shortcoming, it』s that authors don』t spend enough time applying a critical eyeto the role of Internet businesses in these weeping changes.

In their book, the authors provide the most authoritative volume to date that describes - andmore importantly predicts - how the Internet will shape our lives in the coming decades. They painta picture of a world in which indivials, companies, institutions, and governments must deal withtwo realities, one physical, and one virtual.

At the core of the book is the idea that 「technology is neutral, but people aren』t.」 By using thisconcept as a starting point, the authors aim to move beyond the now familiar optimist vs.pessimist dichotomy(對立觀點)that has characterized many recent debates about whether the riseof the Internet will ultimately be good or bad for society. In an interview with TIME earlier this week,Cohen said although he and his co-author are optimistic about many aspects of the Internet,they』re also realistic about the risks and dangers that lie ahead when the next five billion peoplecome online, particularly with respect to personal privacy and state surveillance(監視).

In what way is the rise of the Internet similar to the invention of the printing press andthe telegraph？
A It transforms human history. C. It is adopted by all humanity.
B.It facilitates daily communication. D.It revolutions people』s thinking.

正確選項：根據題文同序的原則和題中的關鍵「the rise of the Internet」和「the invention of theprinting press and the telegraph」回到文中，定位到第一段的第一句。 The rise of the Internet hasbeen one of the most transformative developments in human history, comparable in impact to theinvention of the printing press and the telegraph.文中的comparable 是對similar to 的同義轉述。第一句話是題乾的同義改寫，並且說明它們產生的影響是相同的，所以我們應該在文章的第二句來找一下它們產生的是什麼影響。Over two billion people worldwide now have access to vastly moreinformation than ever before, and can communicate with each other instantly, often using Web-connected mobile devices they carry everywhere. 根據第二句可知網路使得人們能獲得更多信息，能進行及時的溝通，並且經常使用移動通信工具。可見網路的作用是使得人們的日常溝通更加順暢。因此答案應選B.It facilitates daily communication.

錯誤選項：A It transforms human history. 它改變了人類的歷史，而在文中的第一句只是說它是一種人類歷史中充滿變化的發展，而不是改變了人類的歷史，范圍過大。C It is adopted by allhumanity.被全人類所應用，all 過於絕對。D.It revolutions people』s thinking.沒有提到變革了人們的思考方式。無中生有。

How do Schmidt and Cohen describe the effects of the Internet？
A They are immeasurable. C They are unpredictable.
B They are worldwide. D They are contaminating

正確選項：根據人名Schmidt and Cohen定位到第二段，問題問的是兩人對網路的影響的描述，所以應重點看他們說的引號內的那句話。「Mass adoption of the Internet is driving one of the mostexciting social, cultural, and political transformations in history, and unlike earlier periods of change,this time the effects are fully global,」根據關鍵詞effect，所以可以精確定位到這句話的後半句，thistime the effect are fully global。所以可見網路的影響是越來越全球化的的。回到選項中，只有B選項中的worldwide 是對global 的同義改寫。所以答案是B They are worldwide.

錯誤選項：A immeasurable 無可估量的。C unpredictable 難以預測的。D contaminating 污染的。

In what respect is the book The New Digital Age considered inadequate?
A It fails to recognize the impact of the Internet technology.
B It fails to look into the social implications of the Internet.
C It lacks an objective evaluation of the role of Internet businesses.
D It does not address the technical aspects of Internet communication.

正確選項：定位到第三段，重點去看書的不足。定位到第三句。But if the book has one majorshort-coming, it』s that the authors don』t spend enough time applying a critical eye to the role ofInternet businesses in these sweeping changes.可知書的不足之處是作者沒有時間以一種批判的眼光來看待電子商務所扮演的角色。因此，四個選項中唯一提到Internet business的只有C選項。C 它缺乏對電子商務扮演的角色的客觀評估。所以正確答案是 C It lacks an objective evaluation of therole of Internet businesses.

錯誤選項：A 它不能認識到網路科技的作用。B 它不能深入調查網路產生的社會影響。
D 它不能解決網路交流的技術性問題 均是無中生有。

59.What will the future be like when everybody gets online？
A People will be living in two different realities.
B People will have equal access to information.
C People don』t have to travel to see the world.
D People don』t have to communicate face to face.

正確選項：重點根據關鍵詞future來進行解題。定位到第四段的第二句。They paint a paint of aworld in which indivials, companies, institutions, and governments must deal with two realities,one physical, and one virtual.They paint a paint of a world是題干中future的改寫，所以後面提到的deal with two realities, one physical, and one virtual.They paint a paint of a world就是未來會出現的場景。而選項中只有A提到了two different realities。所以正確答案A People will be living in twodifferent realities.

錯誤選項：文中均無提及，無中生有。

What does the passage say about the authors of The New Digital Age?
A They leave many questions unanswered concerning the Internet.
B They are optimistic about the future of the Internet revolution.
C They have explored the unknown territories of the virtual world.
D They don』t take sides in analyzing the effects of the Internet.

正確選項：根據題文同序原則回到文中最後一段來找這本書的作者。定位到第二句話，By usingthis concept as a starting point, the authors aim to move beyond the now familiar optimist vs.pessimist dichotomy （對立觀點）that has characterized many recent debates about whether therise of the Internet will ultimately be good or bad for society.近期對於網路的興起對社會來說最終是利還是弊的爭論，大多是持樂觀或悲觀的對立觀點，而本書的作者很好的繞開了這些對立的觀點。第三句，In an interview with Time earlier this week ,Cohen said that although he and his co-author are certainly optimistic about many aspects of the Internet, they』re also realistic about therisks and dangers that lie ahead when the next five billion people come online, particularly withrespect to personal privacy and state surveillance(監視).最後一句中，介紹作者不僅提到了網路的好處，也提到了網路存在的風險和危險。所以答案應該指出作者是持一種中立態度的。而四個選項中，只有D選項提到作者們don』t take sides，沒有站在任何一邊，符合原文。所以正確答案：DThey don』t take sides in analyzing the effects of the Internet.

錯誤答案：A 他們留下很多關於網路的問題沒有解答。無中生有。B 他們對網路變革的未來非常樂觀。只有樂觀過於片面。C 他們探索了虛擬世界中不為人知的領域，無中生有。

Passage Two

總體評價：這篇文章較第一篇難度略有提高，單詞和長難句都有所增加。四級閱讀強化班重點給大家講解了在句子看不太懂的情況下如何把題做對，也就是抓中心話題的方法。希望同學們都能夠運用在答題中。

In 1950, a young man would have found it much easier than it is today to get and keep a job inthe auto instry. And in that year the average autoworker could meet monthly mortgage(抵押貸款)payments on an average home with just 13.4 percent of his take-home pay. Today a similarmortgage would claim more than twice that share of his monthly eamings.

Other members of the autoworker』s family, however might be less inclined to tried the present forthe past. His retired parents would certainly have had less economic security back then. Through-out much of the 1960s,more than a quarter of men and women and women age 65 and olderlived below the poverty level, compared to less than 10 percent in 2010.

In most stales, his wife could not have taken out a loan or a card in her own name. In 42 states, ahomemaker had no legal claim on the earnings of her husband. And nowhere did a wife have legalprotection against family violence.

Most black workers would not want to return to a time when, on average they earned 40 percentless than their white counterparts(職位相當的人),white racially restrictive agreements largelyprevented them from buying into the suburban neighborhoods being built for white working -classfamilies.

Today, new problems have emerged in the process of resolving old ones, but the solution is not togo back to the past. Some people may long for an era when divorce was still hard to come by. Thespread of no -fault divorce has reced the bargaining power of whichever spouse is moreinterested in continuing the relationship. And the breakup of such marriages has caused pain formany families.

The growing diversity of family life comes with new possibilities as well as new challenges. Accordingto a recent poll, more than 80 percent of Americans believe that their current family is as close asthe one in which they grew up, or closer. Finding ways to imaginary golden age.

61 What do we learn about American autoworkers in 1950?
A.They had less job security than they do today.
B.It was not too difficult for them to buy a house.
C.Their earnings were worth twice as much as today.
D.They were better off than workers in other instries.

正確答案：根據關鍵詞「American autoworkers」和1950進行定位，定位到第一段的第一、二句，In1950, a young man would have found it much easier than it is today to get and keep a job in theauto instry. And in that year the average autoworker could meet monthly mortgage(抵押貸款)payments on an average home with just 13.4 percent of his take-home pay. 第一句說明在1950，年輕人比現在容易在汽車行業找到並保持工作，而第二句說的是當時的房貸是工資的13.4%，綜上兩句說明在當時年輕人找工作和買房都是相對輕松的。提到工作和買房這兩個話題的只有A和B，而只有B選項提到當時買房並不困難。所以正確答案：B.It was not too difficult for themto buy a house.

錯誤答案：A 和現在相比他們的工作較不穩定。而文中說的是當時比現在更穩固。與原文相反。C他們賺的錢是現在的兩倍。這是根據第一段最後一句進行干擾。Today a similar mortgage wouldclaim more than twice that share of his monthly eamings.原文是指現在他們的住房貸款占工資的比例是1950年的兩倍。D 他們比其他產業的要更好。沒有提及和其他產業的比較。

『叄』 英語四級聽力各大題的題目具體意思是什麼

一、Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions.

Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once.

After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).

Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

翻譯：A部分

說明：在本節中，您將聽到三個新聞報道。在每個新聞報道的結尾，會聽到兩三個問題。新聞報道和問題都只講一次。聽到問題後，您必須從標記為a）、b）、c）和d）的四個選項中選擇最佳答案。然後在答題紙1上用一條線穿過中心標記相應的字母。

二、Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions.

Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.

After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).

Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

翻譯：B部分

說明：在本節中，您將聽到兩個長對話。每次談話結束時，你都會聽到四個問題。談話和問題都只講一次。聽到問題後，您必須從標記為a）、b）、c）和d）的四個選項中選擇最佳答案。然後在答題紙1上用一條線穿過中心標記相應的字母。

三、Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions.

Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.

After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).

Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

翻譯：C部分


說明：在這一部分，你將聽到三個段落。在每一段的結尾，你會聽到三到四個問題。這段話和問題只講一次。聽到問題後，您必須從標記為a）、b）、c）和d）的四個選項中選擇最佳答案。然後在答題紙1上用一條線穿過中心標記相應的字母。

(3)大學英語四級單項選擇答案講解擴展閱讀：

試點階段的四級考試由以下四個部分構成：聽力理解、閱讀理解、完型填空或改錯、寫作和翻譯。

聽力理解部分分值比例為35%；其中聽力對話15%，聽力短文20%。聽力對話部分包括短對話和長對話的聽力理解；聽力短文部分包括選擇題型的短文理解和復合式聽寫。

閱讀理解部分分值比例為35%；其中仔細閱讀部分25%，快速閱讀部分10%。仔細閱讀部分分為：a）選擇題型的篇章閱讀理解；b）篇章層次的詞彙理解或短句問答。快速閱讀理解部分測試的是瀏覽閱讀和查讀能力。

完型填空部分分值比例為10%。完型填空部分採用單項選擇題型，改錯部分的要求是辨認錯誤並改正。

寫作和翻譯部分分值比例為20%；其中寫作部分15%，翻譯部分5%。寫作的體裁包括議論文、說明文、應用文等，翻譯部分測試的是句子、短語或常用表達層次上的中譯英能力。

『肆』 2020年大學英語四級選詞填空作答技巧有哪些

【導讀】四六級考試在即，想必大家都開始緊張了吧，這時候千萬要穩住，心態的調整很重要。關於大學英語四級考試，我們知道選詞填空是閱讀必考題型，另外還有閱讀匹配、仔細閱讀題型，這幾類題型作答都是有一定難度的，所以就必須結合一定的技巧和方法進行，

選詞填空，也就是15選10，這是閱讀部分的第一篇，篇幅相對來說不是很長。首先做這篇文章能讓自己迅速進入考試狀態，並且需要注意的是應在短時間內快速拿下這篇文章、把時間留給接下來的長文章。

詞彙

單詞詞彙量對於所有英語考試來說，都是非常重要的。在做題之前看了所給單詞，大概知道是什麼意思，之後做題時能快速反應哪個詞可以填到這個空。反之，如果不知道這個單詞的意思，一定程度上影響了你的解題，甚至影響心情。

大家可以：① 老老實實背四六級大綱詞彙;②
看電影學英語單詞;③看TED，詞彙量是需要大家日積月累，不能一蹴而就。先掌握了高頻核心詞彙，學有餘力之外再把剩下的低頻詞彙也學了，如此一來做題時必然得心應手許多。

排除法

此方法在一切選擇題當中都適用，先排除明確不對的選項，在剩下的選項當中挑選出正確答案的概率將大大提高。巧用排除同性詞中的干擾項，可以省去不少時間。排除法的做題步驟如下：標注詞性，再根據句子結構判斷缺少謂語動詞。在6個動詞中選擇，句子主語是復數，排除3個第三人稱單數(以s結尾的詞);選擇范圍從6選1變成3選1，再結合句意進行選擇。在分秒必爭的考場上，注意細節進行，可節省很多寶貴的時間。

以上就是2020年大學英語四級選詞填空作答技巧有關介紹，當然所有的技巧都必須建立在擁有一定單詞量以及不斷的精聽精練基礎之上，另外如果大家想要了解英語四級分值如何分布、英語考試大綱是怎樣的，歡迎大家及時前來了解咨詢!

『伍』 2010年12月大學英語四級CET4真題及答案

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『陸』 09年12月英語四級答案詳解

2009年12月大學英語四級考試答案詳解
Part Ⅰ Writing
審題謀篇
本次四級作文主題為「綠色校園」，這是一個看似簡單普通的話題，寫起來卻不是那麼容易。因為很多考生對於「綠色校園」所表達的內涵感覺比較生僻。假如對「綠色校園」這一主題感到難以把握，考生可以從作文提綱入手進行分析以獲取對「綠色校園」這一概念的相關信息。根據作文提示2，可以看出此處的「綠色校園」指的決不僅僅是青青的草地和高大的樹木構成的校園綠色風景，也不僅僅指對校園環境的珍視和愛護，而是指一種環境保護的文化氛圍和師生具有的環境素養，以及由此帶來的和諧的人文環境和社會績效。在深入理解概念的基礎上，考生還應對 「綠色校園」的重要性進行剖析，這時，考生可以從多個角度組織素材，比如從校園的環境問題出發，進而擴展到師生的環境意識對「綠色校園」所產生的長遠意義以及為未來環境改善所做的貢獻。最後是闡述建設「綠色校園」所要採取的措施。需要注意的就是作文給分的重點在於考生如何用恰當的語言詞彙表達自己的思想觀點。而不是寫得越多，得分就越高。一般分成三個自然段，大概十句話，基本的分布為首段、末段合起來五句或六句，中間段五句或四句，做到結構清楚，重點突出，就可以了。
參考範文
Creating a Green Campus
Recently, with the idea of making and maintaining 「a green earth」 being the focus of the society, 「green campus」 has become a more and more popular concept in universities or colleges, which, undoubtedly, will bring us an ever-lasting benefit to both our campus and our society.
The concept of 「green campus」 does not only mean a green environment but also refers to an environmental sense in people』s mind. Campus plays a crucial role in ecating the young generation and the consciousness of 「green campus」 will definitely proce a profound effect on students』 various environmental protection activities after their graation. What』s more, the young generation is under the burden of severe environmental pollution and there are many problems waiting for them to solve.
To make 「green campus」 come true, firstly, it is necessary to work out effective principles for the development of sustainable and recyclable campus. Secondly, it calls for people』s awareness of the serious pollution around us and actual action to rece the waste. Last but not least, it is necessary to strengthen the ties between campus and society, so as to ensure that 「green campus」 can work smoothly with the co-effort of the whole society.
建設綠色校園
近來，隨著建設並保持「綠色地球」的觀念成為社會關注的焦點，「綠色校園」也成為校園里流行的話題。這無疑會給我們的校園和社會帶來長遠的利益。
「綠色校園」不僅僅指綠色的環境，還包括人們頭腦中的環境意識。學校在培養年輕一代上起著關鍵作用，「綠色校園」的意識必定會對學生畢業後的環境保護意識產生長遠影響。更為重要的是，年輕一代面臨著嚴重的環境污染，有太多問題等待他們去解決。
為使「綠色校園」成為現實，首先應該制定出可持續發展、可長遠發展的有效政策。其次，還需要人們對環境污染的嚴肅性有正確認識並採取實際行動切實減少污染。最後但同樣重要的是，有必要加強學校和社會的聯系以便在全社會共同努力下使「綠色校園」順利實施。
範文點評
範文以「綠色校園」開篇，保證了文章切題。第一段開門見山，強調當今環保理念下構建「綠色校園」的長遠意義。第二段，著重討論「綠色校園」的含義，指出「綠色校園」不僅指校園中的綠化，還指生活在校園中的人們的綠色和環保意識，把校園這個小環境和社會這個大環境結合起來，說理更加深刻。第三段是談及具體的做法，分一、二、三點進行論述，無疑是使「綠色校園」的理念落在實處。結構完整，首尾呼應，用詞准確。關系詞的正確使用讓句與句之間、段與段之間銜接緊湊，思想表達成熟有深度。
【生動的用詞】 maintain保持;concept概念;profound長遠的;sustainable可持續的;recyclable可循環的。
【豐富的短語】bring benefit to帶來利益;play a crucial role in發揮關鍵作用;under the burden of在……重負下;come true實現;call for要求。
【多變的句式】
範文中長句、短句、簡單句、復雜句交叉使用。不同句型之間的轉換，能讓閱卷老師更好地了解考生對句子結構的掌握運用，從而獲得高分。
避錯指導
本次作文在題材上，雖然仍然延續了我們所熟悉校園類話題，但與社會背景有很大關系。剛剛閉幕的哥本哈根世界氣候大會使環保減排這個主題成為焦點，在全世界都提倡可持續發展、和諧發展這一背景下的「綠色校園」，同時也是一個社會熱點話題，這是我們審題時所必須考慮的。另外開篇時，切忌拖泥帶水，應直截了當，使閱卷老師對文章主題一目瞭然。
除正確審題之外，考生還應注意語言的准確運用，不落俗套。不同句型之間轉換時，考生應對句子結構全面掌握，避免句式錯誤造成扣分。
最後，應盡量避免單詞拼寫錯誤。本次作文常見的卷面拼寫錯誤如下表：
正確拼寫 詞性及詞義 錯誤的拼寫
focus n. 焦點 focuse
effect n. 影響 effection /affect
environment n. 環境 envirment/invironment
burden n. 負擔 burdon
solve v. 解決 slove
serious a. 嚴肅的 serous
true a. 真的 ture
society n. 社會 soceity
theory n. 理論 thery
總之，考生在構思和寫作過程中要盡可能做到思路完整，恰如其分地選擇詞彙。畢竟，無錯表達才是四級語言表達合格的核心。
能力拓展
【同義詞轉換】
作文表達除了准確，還要做到句式多變，詞彙靈活多樣。
1. realize → be aware of 意識到
We』d better be aware of the seriousness of pollution around us. 我們最好意識到周圍污染的嚴峻性。
2. keep → preserve 保持
It is necessary to ecate the students to be conscious of the importance to preserve the environment. 有必要教育學生意識到保護環境的重要性。
3. lead → conct 引導
This will help conct the activities of the college students. 這有助於引導大學生的行為。
【話題備考錦囊】
6. The idea of 「a green campus」 is beyond a green environment. 「綠色校園」絕不僅僅是一個綠色環境。
7. The construction of 「a green campus」 will greatly stimulate students to take part in various environmental protection activities. 建設「綠色校園」將會極大激勵學生參與環境保護。
8. To bring 「a green campus」 to its full play, effective measures should be taken. 為全面實施「綠色校園」，必須採取有效措施。
9. Campus construction is of vital importance not only to the physical development of students but to their mental health as well. 校園建設不僅對學生的身體發展很重要，而且對他們的心理健康也很重要。
10. There is little doubt that further consideration must be paid to our green campus. 毫無疑問，對於綠色校園應該給與更多的思考。
【話題詞彙拓展】
devastation n. 毀壞 disastrous a. 損失慘重的
doom v. 厄運，毀滅 existence n. 存在，生活
healthful a. 健康的 messy a. 骯臟的，凌亂的
participation n. 分享，參與 preserve v. 保存，保護
preventive a. 預防性的 purify v. 澄清，凈化
stimulation n. 激勵，鼓舞 arouse consciousness 喚起意識
命題風向標
本次作文難度適中，與之前考試中出現的「限塑」主題有千絲萬縷的聯系。考生要想在本次作文中獲取高分，除了審題恰當獨到，還要有扎實的語言基礎。如本文主題「綠色校園」可以採用多種表達：green campus和environmental-friendly campus;「綠色校園的構建」可以使用create，build up，establish和construct等，以體現考生對詞彙多樣性的積累。
從關注白色污染到關注博物館免費開放，再到綠色校園構建，四級作文命題重點在側重校園類話題的同時開始向與大學生生活有關的話題轉移。由此也凸顯了對歷年真題分析的重要意義。更多地立足真題，總結規律，切實提高自己語言能力，始終是四級作文備考的根本。
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)
篇章結構

核心詞彙
1. aid n. ①幫助，援助 ②助手v. 幫助，援助
【用】financial aid經濟援助;merit aid/ Merit-based獎學金;need-based aid助學金或經濟資助;foreign aid外援，對外援助;hearing aid助聽器;aids and appliances用具，設備【搭】in aid to用來幫助，起……作用;lead one』s aid (to)援助，給予幫助;in aid of作為援助……之用【拓】aidance n. 協助，幫助;aidant a. 幫助的;aided a. 輔助的
2. project v. ①設計 ②發射n. 事業，計劃，工程
【用】Project Hope希望工程;project manager項目經理;project plan項目規劃;project budget項目預算，工程預算【拓】projection n. 突出，發射;projecting a. 突出的
3. selective a. 選擇性的
4. 【用】selective analysis重點分析;selective breeding選擇育種，選擇性繁殖 【拓】select v. 挑選，選拔a. 精選的;selection n. 選擇，挑選，選集
5. package n. 包裹;套裝軟體，程序包a. 一攬子的
【用】package design包裝設計;package agreement一攬子安排，一攬子方案;package holiday(旅行社安排一切的)一攬子旅遊;package tour包辦旅行(路線、地點、時間和費用等均作統一規定和安排的旅遊);package program組裝程序【拓】pack n.包裝，背包v. 包裝，壓緊;packaged a. 袋裝的;packager n. 打包機
6. ranking a. 頭等的;n. 等級，地位
【用】ranking list排名;ranking method等級法，排序法
【拓】rank n. 等級;隊列;v. 排列，列隊
7. grant v. ①授予 ②承認;n. ①授予物 ②撥款
【用】grant of a patent授予專利權【搭】take…for granted認為……是理所當然; Granted/Granting that即使……(也)【拓】grants n. 補助金，津貼(grant的復數)
8. enrol v. 登記，入學，參軍，注冊
【搭】enrol in選課，參加【拓】enrollment n. 登記，入伍;enrollee n. 入學者，入伍者
9. eliminate v. 消除，排除
【用】eliminate illiteracy掃盲;eliminate poverty消除貧困;eliminate noise 消除雜訊【拓】eliminate 是指把已進入者從中排除;exclude v. 指把想進入者拒之門外
10. qualify v. 使具有資格，證明……合格【用】qualifying examination資格考試，初試;qualifying competition預選賽，資格賽 【搭】qualify as 取得……資格，作為……合適;qualify for有……的資格，合格【拓】qualified a. 有資格的，合格的
11. excel v. 勝過，優於，擅長n. [計算機] 軟體名稱
【搭】to excel in/at (在某方面)勝過(或超過)別人;to excel in music 擅長音樂
【拓】 excellent a. 極好的，卓越的;excellence n. 優秀，長處
12. submit v. 使服從，提交【用】submit oneself to discipline遵守紀律;submit registration提交登記表，提交注冊【搭】submit to 服從;submit…to 將……呈交給【拓】 submission n. 服從，投降
試題詳解
1. 【原題譯文】隨著越來越多的低收入學生追求高等教育，一些學院__。
B【快速解題】本題的題干關鍵詞是more and more，low-income students和pursuing higher ecation。由此即可定位到原文第二段，全文的主旨段。
【篇章分析】原文第二段指出：「But with low-income students projected to make up an ever-larger share of the college-bound population in coming years, some schools are re-examining whether that aid, typically known as merit aid, is the most effective use of precious institutional dollars.」原文中with low-income students projected to make up an ever-larger share of the college-bound population和題干中with more and more low-income students pursuing higher ecation意思一致;原文中re-examining和B選項中revise意思相同。所以答案為B。
2. 【原題譯文】位於米德維爾的阿勒格尼學院三年前做了什麼?
D【快速解題】本題的題干關鍵詞是大學名稱Allegheny College in Meadville和do，由此定位到原文第三段。
【篇章分析】原文第三段指出：「George Washington University in Washington, D.C., for example, said last week that it would cut the value of its average merit scholarships by about one-third and rece the number of recipients (接受者), pouring the savings, about $2.5 million, into need-based aid. Allegheny College in Meadville, Pa., made a similar decision three years ago.」題目中的D項It cut its merit-based aid help the needy students與原文cut the value of its average merit scholarships by about one-third and rece the number of recipients, pouring the savings, about $2.5 million, into need-based aid意思相同，所以答案為D。
3. 【原題譯文】有排名意識的大學提供獎學金的主要目的是__。
C【快速解題】本題的題干關鍵詞是rankings-conscious和purpose，由此可定位到原文第七段。
【篇章分析】原文第七段指出：「But for rankings-conscious schools in between, merit aid has served primarily as a tool to recruit top students and to improve their academic profiles.」原文中的recruit表示「招收」，和答案C中的attract意思相似，所以答案為C。
4. 【原題譯文】漢密爾頓的入學和助學金辦公室主任莫尼卡•英澤相信__。
D【快速解題】本題的題干關鍵詞是Monica Inzer, dean of admission and financial aid at Hanilton，由此可定位到原文第十段。
【篇章分析】原文第十段指出：「to be discounting the price for families that don』t need financial aid doesn』t feel right any more.」原文與D項it』s not right to give aid to those who can afford the tuition意思相同，所以答案為D。
5. 【原題譯文】近年來，獎學金的增長比助學金快得多，是因為__。
B【快速解題】本題的題干關鍵詞是merit-based aid和increased，由此即可定位到原文第十二段第二句。
【篇章分析】原文第十二段第二句指出：「typically in a bid to enroll top students in the state』s public institutions.」 in a bid to 可以理解為「為了……，力求……」。enroll top students in the state』s public institutions符合原題意思，所以答案為B
6. 【原題譯文】依大衛•萊爾德來看，許多私立學院對獎學金的態度是什麼?
A【快速解題】本題的題干關鍵詞是David Laird，attitude，private colleges和merit aid，由此即可定位到原文第十四段。
【篇章分析】原文第十四段指出：「David Laird, president of the Minnesota Private College Council, says many of his schools would like to rece their merit aid」。原文和答案A項They would like to see it reced意思一致，所以答案為A。
7. 【原題譯文】為什麼阿勒格尼學院不打算完全取消獎學金?
C【快速解題】本題的題干是Allegheny College和drop merit aid。由此即可定位到原文第十六段。
【篇章分析】原文第十六段指出：「A complicating factor is that merit aid has become so popular with middle-income families, who don』t qualify for need-based aid, that many have to depend on it.」。原文中depend on和答案C選項中的rely on意思相同，所以答案為C。
8. qualified
【原題譯文】每年是否可以繼續享受學術獎學金取決於獎學金得主是否繼續________。
【快速解題】本題的題干關鍵詞是annual renewal，academic，merit scholarships和recipient，由此即可定位到原文A few words about merit-based aid這一部分。
【篇章分析】原文A few words about merit-based aid部分第四句指出：「These merit scholarships usually help students pay tuition bills, and they can be renewed each year as long as the recipients continue to qualify」。 這些獎學金通常幫助學生交納學費，只要他們繼續符合條件，每年都可以繼續享受。原文中的each year在本題中被換成了annual，原文中的renewed在本題中被換成了名詞renewal，原文中的continue被轉換成了remain，所以本題應該填形容詞qualified。
9. recognizes
【原題譯文】體育獎學金申請者要求有______其在運動方面有傑出表現的教練或裁判的推薦。
【快速解題】本題的題干關鍵詞是athletic和a coach or a referee，由此即可定位到原文A few words about merit-based aid這一部分第三段。
【篇章分析】原文A few words about merit-based aid這一部分第三段：「Recommendation for this scholarships is required, since exceptional athletic performance has to be recognized by a coach or a referee (裁判).」本獎學金必須有人推薦，因為傑出的運動表現必須得到教練或裁判的認可。題目把原文的被動結構變成了主動，而a coach or a referee是第三人稱單數，所以本題應該填的答案是recognizes。
10. excellence
【原題譯文】藝術獎學金要求申請者必須提交能表明其在某一領域______的證明。
【快速解題】本題的題干關鍵詞是applicants，artistic merit scholarships，proce evidence和show，由此可定位到原文A few words about merit-based aid這一部分第四段。
【篇章分析】原文A few words about merit-based aid這一部分第四段指出：「Artistic merit scholarships require that applicants excel in a given artistic area」。藝術獎學金要求申請者在一定藝術領域有突出表現。原文中的in a given artistic field和題目中的in a particular artistic field同義，題目中需要填的是動詞show的賓語，即一個名詞，而原句中對應的excel卻是動詞詞性，需要變成名詞形式，所以答案就是excel的名詞形式excellence。
全文精譯
大學重新審視獎學金的價值
許多大學給予學生經濟資助時，最重要的依據仍然是學生良好的評估等級和較高的試卷分數。
但是在未來幾年裡，預計低收入家庭的學生數佔大學生總數的比例越來越大。一些學校正在重新考慮獎學金是否是利用大學寶貴的資金最有效的途徑。
例如，華盛頓特區的喬治•華盛頓大學上周公布說將削減約三分之一的獎學金，減少獎學金得主數，而將節省下來的大約250萬美元用於助學金。位於賓夕法尼亞州米德維爾的阿勒格尼學院三年前也做出了類似的決定。
紐約柯林頓市的哈密爾頓學院說它將逐步淘汰獎學金。該規定不會使現有的獎學金得主失去獎學金，助學金制度將從2008年秋天入學的學生開始實行。
並不是所有的大學都提供獎學金;一般來說，淘汰率越高的學校，越不太可能提供獎學金。例如，哈佛大學和普林斯頓大學慷慨地提供了各種助學金，但是許多不符合助學條件的家庭為了上名牌大學不管付多少錢都願意。
對於規模較小的地方性學院來說，他們只是努力填滿空缺，獎學金只是財政收入的重要來源，因為許多獎學金得主仍需支付比獎學金金額更高的學費，而正是這些學費維持大學的運轉。
但是對於有排名意識的學校，獎學金已經成為招收一流學生和改善他們的學術效益的一種主要工具。斯基德莫爾大學的經濟學家桑迪•波美說，「他們試圖購買學生」。
研究表明獎學金存在一種傾向，即大部分獎學金得主不依靠獎學金仍能支付得起學費。
「展望未來，更迫切需要的助學金投資」，漢密爾頓的入學和助學金辦公室主任莫尼卡•英澤說。漢密爾頓大學已提供10年的獎學金。在這段時間里，在《美國新聞和世界報導》對最好的文學院的排名中，它從第25名上升到第17名。
獎學金每年幫助了大約75名學生，或大約4%的學生，花費大約為一年1百萬美元，「獎學金給我們帶來了好處」，英澤說，但「獎學金這種變相優惠學費的做法對不需要經濟援助的家庭來說，似乎不妥。」
助學金目前仍是學生接受資助的主要方式，包括國家助學金、聯邦助學金和機構助學金。但是，從總體上和大學層面上來看，主要由學校和州提供的獎學金增長速度很快。
一項由美國賓州州立大學教授唐納德•海勒主持的研究報告表明，在1995-96和2003-04年之間，僅就大學的獎學金而言，增加了212%，而助學金增加了47%。至少有15個州也提供獎學金，通常是為了在公立大學中招收優等生。
但是近年來，越來越多的批評已經迫使大學開始減少這種做法。漢密爾頓和其他大學最近的決策可能是「一種跡象，表明人們開始意識到這種破壞性的競爭」，波美說。波美與他人合作，共同發表了一份《大學報告》，對於大學資助不是建立在需要的基礎之上表示擔憂。
明尼蘇達私立大學委員會主席大衛•萊爾德認為，很多私立學校想減少獎學金，但害怕這樣做，會使優秀學生流失到他們的競爭對手那裡去。
「沒有人可以採取單方面行動，」萊爾德說。他正在探索是否能獲得聯邦反托拉斯法的豁免，以使會員大學可以討論如何共同降低獎學金。「這是一個跑得很快的旋轉木馬，沒有大學相信他們能承受擺脫木馬束縛的風險。」
一個復雜因素就是，獎學金已經在不符合助學金條件的中產階級家庭中變得很受歡迎，結果許多家庭都依靠它。並且，隨著學費不斷增加，獎助學金之間的界限也變得模糊了。
這是阿勒格尼大學並不打算完全取消獎學金的理由之一。
「我們仍然相信對成績優異者進行獎勵的效用，好學生很重視獎學金」， 阿勒格尼大學負責招生的副校長斯科特•弗利達霍夫說。
位於亞特蘭大的艾莫利大學以擁有47億美元的捐贈而自豪。同時該校擬採取新政策。今年，該大學宣布將取消特困生貸款，同時對中產階級家庭的貸款進行限額，但它將擴大其已有28年歷史的獎學金項目。
「是的，我們在玩獎學金游戲，」負責大學本科教育的副院長湯姆蘭•卡斯特承認。但這也有它的優勢，他說，「事實上，這不僅僅關繫到低收入人群，它還關繫到無緣問津助學金、普通的美國中產階級家庭。」
* 關於獎學金制度的幾點補充
獎學金是向在某一領域傑出的學生提供的資助，通常是指學術、體育和藝術獎學金。
學術獎學金是以學生在高中階段的分數，平均成績和學術表現為基礎。它們通常是專門為學，

太多了 超過了貼不了了 我郵箱是[email protected]你發封郵件給我我發給你吧

『柒』 大學英語四級考試聽力及答案

有答案的英語四級聽力，我們在大學宿舍里，聽到天荒地老也無事。下面是我給大家整理的，供大家參閱!
大學英語四級考試聽力材料及答案
聽力真題：

15.

A. In the classroom.

B. At he post office.

C. In the bank.

D. In a park.

16.

A. The woman is excited to have lunch with the man.

B. The woman has appointment with someone else.

C. The woman thinks the man did wrong in the morning.

D. The woman is afraid that the man has lunch alone.

答案解析：

15.

W: I want to send this package by first class mail. I'dalso like some stamps.

M: Do you want the mail insured?

Q: Where are the two speakers?

正確答案：B

解析：女士說：「我想以第一類郵件的方式寄這個包裹，另外我還想買幾張郵票。」男士回答：「你的郵寄物品需要買保險嗎?」可見對話發生在郵局，即B。介詞「in/at+地點名詞」構成標準的詢問對話發生場所的場景題選項。解答這類題時，要留意對話雙方的話，由關鍵詞確定答案。本對話中，第一個說話人說的send this package byfirst class mail, stamps以及第二個說話人說的mail, insure，都是郵寄東西時常用的詞彙。

16.

M: I thought that maybe we could go there for lunch today. That is, if you haven't promised togo with someone else.

W: That'd be wonderful, Joe. But I hope you're in a better mood than you were this morning.

Q: What does the woman mean?

正確答案：C

解析：男士提議說，女士如果沒有約會的話，中午一起吃飯;女士表示贊同，說：「太好了。不過我希望你的心情已經比上午好了一些。」言下之意說，男士上午情緒不好，故C正確。「中but」題。女士的話That'd bewonderful... 是隨口贊同說的客氣話，並不表示女士很興奮excited，據此排除A。but後面的內容才是重點，它表明男士上午情緒不佳，故選C，同時排除其他。
大學英語四級考試聽力素材及答案
聽力真題：

Section C

pound Dictation

Corporations as a group offer a variety of jobs. Most large panies send people to colleges to 36 ______ graating students with the 37 ______ academic training. A large university may have more than 500 panies a year knocking on its doors. Big firms are your best 38 ______ for a job because their normal growth, employee 39 ______ , and turnover create thousands of job 40 ______ nationwide each year.

Corporations, however, 41 ______ the rule that the biggest isn't always the best. Many *** all firms with a few hundred employees have positions that may 42 ______ with your professional goals, too. Such firms may not have the time, money, or need to send people around to your college; you will probably have to 43 ______ them yourself either directly or through an employment agency. Don't ignore these little panies. 44 _____________________________________________________________ . You could bee a big fish in a pond, reaching a high-level position more quickly than you would 45 _____________________________________________________ .

For example, a *** all pany may need a bright engineering, accounting or management graate who report directly to the senior vice-president of engineering, the pany controller, or the general manager. 46 ___________________________________________________________________ . In addition, responsibilities may e faster in a *** all firm with less specialization and fewer lower-level employees to receive delegated authority.

答案解析：

36. interview

解析：不定式to後面加原形動詞。interview意為「對……進行面試」。

37. required

解析：此處是動詞的過去分詞作定語，修飾後面的名詞，不要漏寫結尾的ed。

38. place

解析：此處是名詞位於形容詞後，作表語。

39. retirements

解析：與前面的growth和後面的turnover屬於並列關系，此處也需要名詞，拼寫時記得最後還有個表復數形式的s。

40. openings

解析：由前面修飾的片語thousands of可知此處需復數名詞，opening表示「空缺」之義，不要漏寫結尾的s。

41. illustrate

解析：此處應採用一般現在時，由於主語是復數名詞，因此該詞是原形動詞。illustrate在此意為「說明」。拼寫時注意中間有兩個l。

42. correspond

解析：情態動詞may後面，應是原形動詞，該詞與with搭配。correspond with在此處意為「與……一致。」拼寫時注意中間有兩個r。

43. contact

解析：片語have to後面接原形動詞;根據上下文，該詞很可能表示聯絡之義。

44. 標准答案：Their salaries are usually petitive and the chances for advancement are even stronger than those of a big firm

聽音關鍵：salaries, petitive, chances for advancement, stronger than, big firm

答案重構：Their salaries are usually good and you will have stronger chances for advancement in these little panies

畫龍點睛：此句聽寫只要抓住兩層意思：小公司薪水也好而且晉升機會較大，按照聽到的關鍵詞把意思表達完整即可。

45. 標准答案：if you had climbed the more petitive ladder of a corporate giant

聽音關鍵：had climbed, more petitive ladder, corporate giant

答案重構：if you had climbed the more petitive ladder of a big pany

畫龍點睛：此句採用了虛擬語氣，故從句要用過去完成時。結尾的a corporate giant，可用意思類似的a big pany替換，單詞簡單，也避免拼錯。

46. 標准答案：In large firms it may take years to reach that level and accumulate similar experience

聽音關鍵：large firms, take years, reach that level, accumulate, similar experience

答案重構：In big panies, if you want to be in that position and get similar experience, you may spend years of time

畫龍點睛：原句是用it作形式主語，可根據句子含義，轉換一下主語，換一種表達。
大學英語四級考試聽力練習及答案
聽力真題：

Now you'll hear the two long conversations.

Conversation One

19.

A. A hair wash.

B. A nail trim.

C. A massage.

D. A shave.

20.

A. He didn't have a clear idea of the plete service.

B. He wanted the best service.

D. He just wanted his hair cut the way he likes.

D. He wanted his hair to be trimmed quickly.

21.

A. Your hands look good.

B. Your hair is in good condition.

C. You have a good beautician to serve you.

D. You can relax.

22.

A. He is going to a business convention in town.

B. He is going to meet his clients.

C. He is going to deal with workplace accidents.

D. He is going to be interviewed for new employment.

答案解析：

Now you'll hear the two long conversations.

Conversation One

W: Hi. How can we help you today?

M: Yeah. I'd like to get my hair trimmed a little. Nothing fancy. Just a basic trim.

W: Well, can we interest you in today's special?

M: Um... No...

W: [19]We'll shampoo, cut, and style your hair for one unbelievable low price of $9.99. Plus, we'll give you a clean shave and a back massage to help you relax. Best service in town!

M: Okay, [20]I'll have the plete service today, but as I said before, I just want to get my hair trimmed. A little off the top and sides. That's all. I mean, that's all.

W: No problem. Relax. [21]You're in good hands. Okay, here we go. So, what do you do for a living?

M: I'm a lawyer, specializing in workplace accidents, and [22]I'm in town for an interview for a new job, and... Hey, what happened to my hair? And what's left of my hair turned purple. Are you even a licensed beautician?

W: Well, sir. We offer a money-back guarantee on all our work, so if you're not pletely satisfied...

M: Satisfied? I'm anything but satisfied. [22]How in the world am I supposed to go to a job interview looking like this? Forget it. Forget it.

Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

19. What is one service NOT included in the special price at the beauty salon?

正確答案：B

解析：女士說，當日的特別優惠是以9.99美元的價格享受洗、剪、吹，外加剃須、背部 *** 。A、C、D均有提及;只有B修指甲不在服務范圍內，故應選B。通讀選項，知道這篇對話與理發有關。本題選項涉及相關服務專案，解答時要注意對話中提到哪些專案，以做相應標記。此外，修指甲不屬於一般男士理發業務范圍，根據「主題原則」，與主題無關的即為答案，直接選B。

20. Why does the man repeatedly say "That's all"?

正確答案：C

解析：男士的原話是：「今天就來整套服務吧。不過，……我只想把頭發修一下。上面和兩邊都稍微修剪一點點就可以了……」這里的「That's all」表明男士不想要別的花樣，只需要自己想要的服務，故C正確。根據男士說的「Okay, I'll have the plete service today」，可排除A甚至D全套服務所需的長時間與quickly矛盾;B無依據。

21. What does the beautician mean by "You're in good hands"?

正確答案：C

解析：女士說：「沒問題，放鬆點，給你服務的是個好手。」所謂「好手」即是水平高的美容美發師，故C正確。本題問「You're in good hands」是什麼意思 。像這種「短語含義題」，絕不能選其單詞本義，由此可排除A;若頭發狀態良好，就不用來理發了，故B也可排除;D是利用原詞relax設定的干擾項。

22. Why does the customer go to this beauty salon to improve his appearance?

正確答案：D

解析：男士先說，他到城裡來面試一份新工作。隨後又抱怨，「我這個樣子怎麼去面試?」可見男士來美容院理發是為了參加面試，故D正確。四個選項均以「He is going to」開頭，差別在to後面的內容上。A、B未提到，可排除;男士說他是一個處理工傷事故的律師，C中的一般將來時態與對話內容不一致。



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