中國古代四大發明英語四級
A. 一篇有關中國古代四大發明的英語作文，別太長，配上中文翻譯，絕對好評，別出現語法錯誤哦！！！
The four great inventions
Paper: paper is an important chemical processes, the invention of paper is Chinese in the spread of human culture and development make a valuable contribution, is China's chemical history of a major achievement.
The paper also before, oracle bones, bamboo slips and silk silk is used for writing, the ancient recorded material. But e to the rapid development of the economy, culture, bones and bamboo can not meet the demand of development, thus contributing to the improvement of writing tools. At that time people began using small silk made of paper, as the ancient Chinese when paper by hemp thread and silk, and preparation method of rough paper, so the quality is not so good. But the hemp thread and silk has its own role, to use them as a raw material for paper-making, would be greatly restricted, and difficult to get rapid development, to meet the cultural life of the requirement to paper.
In the new situation request, Cai Lun of Eastern Han Dynasty for the emergence of papermaking to bring new breakthrough in the Eastern Han Dynasty," views on" 2 records:" Cai Lun, talented, dedicated to cautious, every vacation, closed to the guest, aeration body field. Code for the sale, made with bark and spacious cloth, net to make paper. Xing Yuan first year playing, the emperor can, since is not used, the salty called Cai Hou paper". From above, Cai Lun is using bark, rags, net of papermaking. Although before Cai Lun also has a paper, but raw material itself is very limited, and Cai Lun on the new raw materials, to solve this problem. Because the rag, broken fishnet had already finished their task, a waste and used as a raw material for papermaking instry, which plays an important role.
Printing: is the working people in ancient China through long-term practice and research before the invention of. About the year before and after 600 years of Sui Dynasty, people from the engraved seal inspired, in the history of mankind's earliest invention of woodblock printing.
Woodblock printing is in a certain thickness of the smooth wood, paste neat manuscript, thin and almost transparent paper front and wood paste, the word became the body, strokes clear. Engraving workers graver in the suites have writing section is cut away, is a convex embossed font, and font recessed beneath the different steles. When printing, on a raised fonts with ink, and then the paper covering on top of it, gently wipe away the paper back, writing remain on the paper. By the Song Dynasty, woodblock printing career development to the heyday. Woodblock printing on the spread of culture play an important role, but also has obvious disadvantages. The first version, time-consuming material costs, second, a large number of books stored inconveniently, third, is not easy to correct mistakes.
The Northern Song Dynasty civilian inventor Bi Sheng invented movable-type printing, woodblock printing these drawbacks improvement. Bi Sheng's Dynasty of an ordinary civilian intellectuals, the person who. He summed up the block printing of rich experience in practice, after repeated tests, the emperor Renzong of evolution years (AD 10411048 ) made the moveable, execute typesetting printing, completed the printing history of a major revolution, about 200 years later, this technology spread to other countries, the development of world civilization process to promote the role of.
Gunpowder: is one of the four great inventions of china. Gunpowder, as the name suggests is the ( fire medicine ). Its origins and alchemy are closely related, Bachelor in ancient alchemy alchemy inadvertently material.
It is a mixture of saltpeter, sulfur, carbon, and the top two in the Han Dynasty book into Chinese Materia Medica ( first classics of Shennong materia medica by ) have been listed as important medicinal herbs. Gunpowder itself is also come under the drug class, the Ming Dynasty Li Shizhen ( compendium of Materia Medica ) said, gunpowder can cure sore ringworm, insecticidal, provide moisture and plague. The invention of gunpowder is a long-term alchemy pharmaceutical practice results, has been one thousand years of history.
The Tang Dynasty, gunpowder has been used for military. The Song Dynasty, the war continuously, promote the accelerated development of gunpowder weapons. The government of the Northern Song Dynasty established a powder mill, has made gunpowder arrow, artillery and other combustion properties mainly weapons and ( bang cannon ), ( lightning bombs ) and other explosive strong arms. The Southern Song Dynasty were created in 1259 to giant bamboo tube, built-in gunpowder ( sudden guns ). To the Yuan Dynasty and the emergence of bronze ( copper Fire Commission, known as the general). These are to gunpowder explosion as the driving force of arms, in the war revealed a hitherto unknown power.
In 12, thirteenth Century, the gunpowder first introced in Arabia state, and then spread to Greece and Europe and around the world. On the civilization and progress of human society, the economy and the development of science and culture, played a role in promoting. The law until the middle of the fourteenth Century, only then has the application of gunpowder and firearms records.
Compass : the spring and Autumn period, Chinese working people in the mining, smelting, graally recognized magnet. To the Warring States period, some people use magnets made apparatus to determine the direction, then called" compass", it is in a along the plate placed on a water scoop like magnet, water scoop handle end of South point. To the late Northern Song Dynasty ( Eleventh Century AD), the Chinese people have created artificial magnet, then created a" guide to the fish", the magnet." Fish" on the water surface, thus indicating the direction. Later, after repeated research and improvement, and the magnetic steel sheet into a small magnetic needle, and makes its tip into the magnetic north pole, end become the south magnetic pole, which became a compass. The Northern Song Dynasty, people create a suitable nautical compass, the maritime instry to a new era. During this period, China 's shipbuilding technology in the world the most advanced. At the beginning of the fourteenth Century, the compass was introced into Europe from china.
四大發明
造紙術:造紙是一項重要的化學工藝，紙的發明是中國在人類文化的傳播和發展上所做出的一項十分寶貴的貢獻，是中國化學史上的一項重大的成就。
在紙還未發明之前，甲骨、竹簡和絹帛是古代用來供書寫、記載的材料。但由於西漢的經濟、文化迅速發展，甲骨和竹簡不能滿足發展的需求，從而促使了書寫工具的改進。當時人們已開始應用小塊的絲綿製成的紙，由於古漢時的紙張是由麻縷和絲綿，加上製法粗糙，所以紙張的質量不太好。而麻縷和絲綿都有其本身的作用，如要把它們用作造紙的原料，就必然會受到很大的限制，而難以得到迅速的發展，來滿足文化生活上對紙張的要求。
在新的客觀形勢要求下，東漢蔡倫的出現為造紙術帶來新突破，在《東漢觀記》卷二上記載：「蔡倫，有才學，盡忠重慎，每次休沐，閉門以絕賓客，曝體田野。典作尚方，造意用樹皮及敝布、魚網作紙。元興元年奏上，帝善其能，自是莫不用，天下咸稱蔡侯紙」。從以上看來，蔡倫是用樹皮、破布、魚網造紙的。雖然在蔡倫之前也有紙的存在，但是原料本身就有很大的局限，而蔡倫對新原料的發現，解決了這個問題。因為破布、破魚網早已結束了它們本身的任務，成了廢物而又用作做原料，對造紙工業起了極大的推動作用。
印刷術:是我國古代勞動人民經過長期實踐和研究才發明的。 大約在公元600年前後的隋朝，人們從刻印章中得到啟發，在人類歷史上最早發明了雕版印刷術。
雕版印刷是在一定厚度的平滑的木板上，粘貼上抄寫工整的書稿，薄而近乎透明的稿紙正面和木板相貼，字就成了反體，筆劃清晰可辨。雕刻工人用刻刀把版面沒有字跡的部分削去，就成了字體凸出的陽文，和字體凹入的碑石陰文截然不同。印刷的時候，在凸起的字體上塗上墨汁，然後把紙覆在它的上面，輕輕拂拭紙背，字跡就留在紙上了。到了宋朝，雕版印刷事業發展到全盛時期。雕版印刷對文化的傳播起了重大作用，但是也存在明顯缺點。第一，刻版費時費工費料，第二，大批書版存放不便，第三，有錯字不容易更正。
北宋平民發明家畢升發明了活字印刷術，改進雕版印刷這些缺點。畢升是北宋中期的一個普通平民知識分子，當時人稱布衣。他總結了歷代雕版印刷的豐富的實踐經驗，經過反復試驗，在宋仁宗慶歷年間（公元1041－1048）製成了膠泥活字，實行排版印刷，完成了印刷史上一項重大的革命，大約200年後，這一技術傳到其他國家，對世界文明的發展進程起到推動作用。
火葯:是中國四大發明之一。火葯,顧名思義就是(著火的葯)。它的起源與煉丹術有著密切的關系,是古代煉丹士在煉丹時無意中配製出來。
它是硫黃,硝石,炭的混合物,而前兩項在漢代成書的中國第一部葯物學典籍(神農本草經)里都被列為重要的葯材。就是火葯本身也被歸入葯類,明代李時珍的(本草綱目)中說,火葯能治瘡癬,殺蟲,辟濕氣和瘟疫。火葯的發明是人們長期煉丹制葯實踐結果,至今已有一千多年歷史。
唐朝末年,火葯已被用於軍事。到了宋代,戰爭接連不斷,促進火葯武器的加速發展。北宋政府建立了火葯作坊,先後製造了火葯箭,火炮等以燃燒性能為主的武器和(霹靂炮),(震天雷)等爆炸性較強的武器。南宋在1259年造出了以巨竹為筒,內裝火葯的(突火槍)。到了元代又出現銅鑄火統,稱為(銅將軍)。這些都是以火葯的爆炸為推動力的武器,在戰爭中顯示了前所未有威力。
在12、13世紀,火葯首先傳入阿拉伯國家,然後傳到希臘和歐洲乃至世界各地。對人類社會的文明進步,對經濟和科學文化的發展,起了推動作用。美法各國直到十四世紀中葉,才有應用火葯和火器的記載。
指南針:春秋時期，中國勞動人民就在采礦、冶煉中，逐漸認識了磁石。到戰國時期，就有人用磁石做成器具來判定方向，當時叫「司南」，它是在一個無沿的方盤上放置一隻水勺似的磁石，水勺的柄端向南指。到北宋後期（公元11世紀），中國人民創造了人工磁鐵，此後又創制了「指南魚」，把用磁鋼片製成的「魚」放在水面上，以此指示方向。後來經過反復研究改進，又把磁鋼片改成細小的磁鋼針，並使它的尖端成磁北極，末端成為磁南極，這就成了指南針。北宋時期，人們創造了適用於航海的指南針，把航海事業推向了新的時代。這一時期，中國的造船技術在世界上也最為先進。到了14世紀初，指南針才由中國傳到歐洲。
B. 中國古代四大發明用英文怎麼講
造紙術 Papermaking
指南針 compass
火葯 Gunpowder also called black powder
印刷術 Movable type the system of printing and typography that uses movable components to reproce the elements of a document (usually indivial letters or punctuation). The first known movable type system was invented in China by Bi Sheng out of ceramic between 1041 and 1048 AD. Metal movable type was first invented in Korea ring the Goryeo Dynasty (around 1230). This led to the printing of the Jikji in 1377 - today the world's oldest extant movable metal print book.
C. 「四大發明」英語怎麼說
Four Great Inventions :
四大發明：
Papermaking ,Commercial Printing ,Gunpowder ,Compass
造紙術，活字印刷術，火葯，指南針
指南針是用以判別方位的一種簡單儀器。前身是司南。主要組成部分是一根裝在軸上可以自由轉動的磁針。磁針在地磁場作用下能保持在磁子午線的切線方向上。磁針的北極指向地理的北極，利用這一性能可以辨別方向。
造紙術是中國四大發明之一，人類文明史上的一項傑出的發明創造。中國是世界上最早養蠶織絲的國家。
火葯：一種黑色或棕色的炸葯，由硝酸鉀、木炭和硫磺機械混合而成，最初均製成粉末狀，以後一般製成大小不同的顆粒狀，可供不同用途之需，在採用無煙火葯以前，一直用作唯一的軍用發射葯。
中國是世界上最早發明印刷術的國家。早期的印刷是把圖文刻在木板上用水墨印刷的，木版水印畫仍用此法，統稱「刻版印刷術」（亦稱「雕版印刷術」）刻版印刷的前身是公元前流行的印章捺印和後來出現的拓印碑石等。造紙和制墨等生產技術出現之後，逐漸發明了刻版印刷技術。
盡管中華文明有很多重要的成就都以「四大」「五大」等命名，如四大美人、四大古典小說、四書五經，四大發明的概念卻來源於西方學者，並在之後被中國人接受。
義大利數學家傑羅姆·卡丹早在1550年就第一個指出，中國對世界所具有影響的「三大發明」：是司南（指南針）、印刷術和火葯。並認為它們是「整個古代沒有能與之相匹敵的發明。」1621年，英國哲學家培根也曾在《新工具》一書中提到：「活字印刷術、火葯、指南針這三種發明已經在世界范圍內把事物的全部面貌和情況都改變了。」
1861～1863年，馬克思和恩格斯更是將這些發明的意義推到了一個高峰，馬克思在《機械、自然力和科學的運用》中寫道：「火葯、指南針、印刷術——這是預告資產階級社會到來的三大發明。火葯把騎士階層炸得粉碎，指南針打開了世界市場並建立了殖民地，而印刷術則變成了新教的工具，總的來說變成了科學復興的手段，變成對精神發展創造必要前提的最強大的杠桿。」
D. 中國古代四大發明用英語怎麼翻譯
指南針：自The compass
火葯：Gunpowder
造紙術：paper-making
印刷術：printing
在翻譯 造紙術、印刷術時，如果是在句子中，最好在他們後面在加上technique（「技術」的意思）
也就是 paper-making technique 造紙技術 and printing technique 印刷技術
E. 中國四大發明翻譯成英文
中國四大發明的英文：The four great inventions of ancient China
一、 invention
英[ɪn'venʃ(ə)n]美[ɪn'vɛnʃən]
n. 發明；發明物；虛構；發明才能
Such changes have not been seen since the invention of the printing press.
自從發明了印刷機，這種變革還沒有出現過。
二、ancient
英[ˈeɪnʃənt]美[ˈenʃənt]
adj. 古代的；古老的，過時的；年老的
n. 古代人；老人
They believed ancient Greece and Rome were vital sources of learning.
他們認為古代希臘羅馬是知識的重要發源地。
(5)中國古代四大發明英語四級擴展閱讀
具體四大發明的英文：
1、papermaking
美 [ˈpæpərˌmeɪkɪŋ]
造紙；造紙術；抄造；抄紙；第五章紙的抄造
Straw can be used both for fodder and for papermaking.
草可以做飼料，也可以造紙。
2、gunpowder
英 [ˈɡʌnpaʊdə(r)] 美 [ˈɡʌnpaʊdər]
n.火葯
.
遠在公元11世紀，中國已使用火葯。
3、printing techniques
英 [ˈprɪntɪŋ tɛkˈniːks] 美 [ˈprɪntɪŋ tɛkˈniks]
印刷技術；印刷術
In the future, we will have a better a better understanding if our world through the effect of globalization, new media, cheaper printing techniques and so on.
在未來，透過全球化的影響、新媒體、更廉價的印刷技術，我們將有一個更好的更深入的了解我們的世界。
4、compass
英 [ˈkʌmpəs] 美 [ˈkʌmpəs]
n.羅盤；羅經；指南針；羅盤儀；圓規；兩腳規；范圍；范疇；界限
Without a compass, it is easy to lose one's bearings in the woods.
在森林中沒有指南針是容易迷失方向的。
F. 中國古代的四大發明用英文怎麼寫
中國古代的四大發明，英語是： Four Great Inventions of Ancient China.
中國是許多偉大發明的發源地，包括中國古代的四大發明：造紙術、指南針、火葯、印刷（包括木字和活字印刷）。
China has been the source of many significant inventions, including the Four Great Inventions of ancient China: paper, the compass, gunpowder, and printing ( both woodblock and movable type).
重點詞彙：
invention 英[ɪnˈvenʃn] 美[ɪnˈvɛnʃən]
n. 發明; 發明物; 捏造：內心捏造的東西，特指謊言; 發明才能;
[例句]It's been a tricky business marketing his new invention
宣傳他的新發明一直是件棘手的事情。
ancient 英[ˈeɪnʃənt] 美[ˈenʃənt]
adj. 古代的，已往的; 古老的，過時的; 年老的; 老式的;
n. 古代人; 古文明國的國民; <古>高齡老人; <古>旗手;
[例句]They believed ancient Greece and Rome were vital sources of learning.
他們認為古代希臘羅馬是知識的重要發源地。