英語選擇閱讀材料時標准
① 英文閱讀從哪一類材料開始比較好
英文的學習甚至是其他語言的學習,都需要興趣的支撐。我們都知道一門語言的學習,都是需要一點點積累起來的,如果沒有興趣那麼哪一類材料都不會提升你的英語水平。
興趣最重要
很有幸的我做過英語老師這份家教,有些孩子真的很難教,而有的孩子很好溝通交流,會很快地完成當天布置的作業。有時候和他們聊天,他們會說很討厭學英語,一點興趣都沒有。所以我建議你想要提升英文的閱讀水平,無論哪種類型,只要你喜歡那方面的就行了。
拒絕中英文對照
這是我自己的切生體驗,如果讀一篇英文材料,一旦有了中英文的對照,那麼你將會直接跳過英文去閱讀中文版的翻譯,然後你倒回來看英文版的時,覺得你都會翻譯了,每個單詞你都認識。但是呢,其實這一切都是假象而已。對於英文的閱讀能力沒有一點提升。
不要太多生詞的
太多生詞的閱讀,會讓你會連閱讀下去的想法都會打消。比如一些專業性非常強的期刊和雜志完全沒必要閱讀了。就連我看我本專業的英文文獻時我都看不大懂,因為這個單詞在專業領域是另外一層意思,而非我們熟知的含義了。
最後,題主是想詢問如何過四六級或者提高英語水平。四六級沒有想像中的難過,只是需要扎實的基本功。提高英語水平也不是一兩篇英文文獻的閱讀就能提高的,還是需要堅持。這是最重要的了,需要興趣和堅持的不斷交織,才能提高英語水平。
② 中學生課外英語閱讀材料的選擇
「得閱讀者得語文」,英語也是如此。但是目前的中學生英語閱讀,存在大量的問題,作為一名中學英語老師,我們無法改變中學生入校前達不到一個小學畢業生所應具有的英語素養的現狀,那就只有從目前中學生的英語閱讀實情出發,培養中學生的閱讀興趣,提高他們的閱讀能力,從而提高他們的英語素養。
要想提高學生的英語閱讀能力,選好英語閱讀材料是關鍵,根據對全校師生的問卷調查發現,英語閱讀材料的選擇要遵循以下幾個原則:
一.難易程度要適中
據調查發現,多數學生學生對英語不感興趣是因為讀不懂,極少數學生認為,閱讀材料太小兒科,所以閱讀材料難易程度了正好適合。如果太難的話,學生不僅可以體會不到成功的快樂,還可能會倍受打擊,逐漸喪失閱讀興趣,而過於簡單的文章,也同樣會使學生找不到成功的快樂,所以,英語閱讀材料的選擇,太難或太易,都不易於培養學生的英語閱讀興趣。
那麼怎樣確定英語閱讀材料的難易最合適呢?據調查發現,「摘桃子原則」可以使學生在現有的閱讀能力的基礎上,通過正確的閱讀策略的引導,理解文章的內容,從而獲得稍微高於自己的語言習得和成功的快樂!
根據,我校及我縣學生的特點,七年級上學期以《繪本》為主,《繪本》上精彩的畫面,簡單的故事情節有利於學生詞彙量的擴大和成就感的養成,從而提高學生的閱讀興趣,七年級下學期師生共讀《書蟲》第一、二級,並在讀書群里打卡,激勵和促進彼此學習,八年級師生共讀《書蟲》第三、四、五級,九年級學生自由閱讀新概念,任務閱讀由易到難,隨著學生閱讀量的擴大,興趣的提高,自主閱讀習慣的養成,學生的英語素養就會逐步提高。
二.閱讀材料要有趣
英語作為學生的第二語言,很多學生對英語的閱讀處於舒適區,所以閱讀材料的有趣性顯得尤為重要。
閱讀材料的選擇要貼近學生的生活,符合他們的興趣和愛好。初中英語的日常教學主要是圍繞24個話題展開的,一定階段以一個話題為主,所以學生的課外閱讀材料最好能跟此類話題有關系,比方說在學習人物介紹的時候,我們對閱讀材料的補充選擇最好是明星人物的介紹,這樣的話學生會更願意去閱讀,在學習保護環境的話題的時候,那麼我們可以結合當時的新聞,當地的環境及政府採取的措施之類的文章,這些學生熟悉的話題能夠引起學生對英語閱讀的興趣,提高學生對閱讀材料的理解。
第三.閱讀材料要有真實性
閱讀材料有真實性,指是為學習者提供真實的語言環境,是學生更進一步接近西方文化。根據學生補全對話和作文的現狀的調查,發現學生之所以在這兩方面做的不夠好是因為他們的語言組織不地道,存在漢語式英語。因此,在對材料的選擇上,要盡可能多的選擇原版的西方文章,避免那些改編的又有難度的文章。
第四.文章的體裁要多樣化
據調查發現,學生對故事類的文章最感興趣,他們最擅長的也是此類文章,對記敘文的細節掌握比較到位,其次是新聞廣告類,學生最不感興趣的是說明文,因為文章有比較難懂的專業的詞彙,給學生帶來很大的閱讀障礙,但是,英語是種語言,具有它的交際性原則,學生的閱讀也不能永遠停留在舒適區。作為老師對閱讀材料的選擇要堅持體裁多樣化原則,並對不同類型的文章給出不同的閱讀策略的指導。但是在編排時,注意七年級以記敘文為主,八年級融入說明文,九年級記敘文說明文兼顧,既照顧學生的閱讀能力的現狀,又兼顧學生閱讀能力的需要。
第五.所選閱讀材料要美
世界上最能引起興趣的莫過於美,文章的美,不但是語言的優美,更有思想的美。
總之,興趣是最好的老師,我們在對英語閱讀材料的選擇時,要從學生的實情出發,讓英語閱讀既為教學服務,又能提高學生的閱讀能力和跨文化意識,還能增加學生的社會意識和責任意識,確實達到育人的目的!
③ 英語的閱讀方法
英語的閱讀方法
英語閱讀的精讀和泛讀是閱讀時兩種主要方法,兩者相輔相存,不可偏廢也無法代替。下面是我整理的相關內容,歡迎閱讀參考!
1. 注重閱讀材料的選擇。
選擇合適的精、泛閱讀材料是提高英語閱讀的重要手段。選擇字數為200左右,後面配有習題的閱讀材料為宜。閱讀材料體裁要多樣化——敘事類、科普類、議論或說明類、廣告類等。要注重文章的實用性。所選材料的難易程度以理解正確率達60%~70%,生詞量不超過4%為恰當。
2. 精讀泛讀相輔相存。
比起泛讀,精讀是點。對一些有一定難度寫得較好的文章要進行剖析,要歸納、總結作者的寫作意圖、思路及中心論點,最後達到獲取詳細信息和深層次內容的目的。如果說精讀是點,泛讀即是面。只有通過大量閱讀,才能積累大量詞彙、結構和句型,才能積累大量詞彙、結構和句型,才能擴大知識面,培養語感,提高對文字的反應能力。
在泛讀時,要根據上下文提高自己猜測生詞的能力,不要一看到生詞就查詞典,要弄清文中批示代詞和人稱代詞所指代的對象。要對自己進行限時閱讀。一篇200字左右難度適中的閱讀文章,爭取6分鍾之內做完其閱讀理解題。在閱讀時,要多積累英、美等國家的社會、歷史、地理、文化及風俗方面的知識,這有利於提高閱讀水平。要培養良好的閱讀習慣。閱讀時,要從意群上去看,不要逐字讀,更不要用筆或手指邊指邊出聲讀,這樣有礙理解文章的意思,而且影響閱讀速度。
閱讀材料選好之後,我們還要了解影響閱讀的因素。影響閱讀理解的因素可分為知識性障礙和非知識性障礙。知識性障礙包括:1. 詞彙障礙2. 語法障礙 3.背景知識障礙。非知識性障礙包括:1. 心理障礙 2.閱讀習慣. 3..閱讀速度4.閱讀技巧.
今天我們重點介紹下如何解除閱讀過程中的知識性障礙
一、重視英語詞彙和習慣用法的積累
美國語言學家Driller (1978)根據詞彙統計特徵指出:如果我們認得25個最常見的英文單詞,平均每頁紙上的詞我們會認得33%;如果認得135個常用詞,則為50%;如果認得2500個,則為78%;如果認得5000個,則為80%;一旦記得10000個,可達92%。可見,閱讀能力的高低和詞彙量的大小是分不開的,目前大部分學生的詞彙量偏少, 這是影響閱讀能力提高的.主要因素。那麼怎樣才能提高學生的詞彙量呢?
(一)構詞記憶法
據估計,英語詞彙有100萬到120萬,但大部分單詞是由構詞法構成的。構詞法包括派生、合成和轉化。在教學中,讓學生掌握常用的前綴(un/dis/im/il/super)、後綴(ly/less/ful/ment)的含義及用法,就可以根據已知詞猜出它的派生詞,從而達到擴大詞彙的目的。如:前綴super有超過,超越的含義,就可以猜出supermarket(超級市場)、supernatural (超自然的)、superman(超人)、superstar(超級明星)等詞的含義。。
(二)聯想記憶法
由一個詞聯想到和它有關或無關的詞,如看到live vi 生活,聯想到其他詞性及用法,如,直播的、活的等詞義。
(三)廣泛閱讀記憶法
「To read well, you need a strong vocabulary. To build a strong vocabulary, you need to read well.」 這句名言道出了閱讀和詞彙量的關系。要有流利的閱讀,就必須有豐富的詞彙。大量的閱讀可以豐富你的詞彙。
二、牢固掌握語法知識
近年來的高考閱讀理解短文的句式結構趨向復雜,語法知識在閱讀中的作用已經突顯出來。如在閱讀中遇到另人費解的長句、難句,就可以藉助語法,對句子進行適當的分析,搞清各部分的關系,從而准確理解整句的意思。以Decision-thinking is not unlike poker-it often matters not only what you think, but also what others think you think and what you think they think you think.為例。該句的29個詞中包含了主語從句,賓語從句、並列句和破折號連接的附加說明等多種關系。其中並列句中又有復合句,復合句中又有並列句。只有把句子的成分一一理清,才能掌握其意思。
三、積累一定的文化背景知識和生活知識
英語閱讀能力的提高不僅需要一定的語言知識,還要有一定的文化背景知識和生活知識。例如在2003高考英語的閱讀理解A篇,該篇選材涉及地理,介紹了兩座farthest/ most distant inhabited islands,一個為Guinness Book of Records 所認定的Tristan da Cunha;另一為復活島(Easter Island)文章中出現了較多的專有名詞,對於閱讀經驗不足的同學會形成干擾,而對於那些對Easter Day 等背景知識了解的同學,相對就會好些。另外在C篇中,出現了書刊號,如果熟悉這些,就會減少好多閱讀困難。
總之、平時要養成良好的閱讀習慣,多朗讀,背誦精彩段落和文章,以培養語感。另外,有的同學在閱讀時出聲讀、點讀或回讀,這些不良習慣都會影響閱讀速度和對文章的理解。所以要克服這些不良習慣,作到不回讀,不聲讀,不點讀等。只有這樣,閱讀速度才能加快,理解的准確率才能提高。
;④ 外語教學中選擇閱讀材料的基本原則有哪些
1.學以致用
近年來日益受到重視的以內容為基礎的語言教學(CBI)強調語言學習的目的性。CBi教學理論認為,語言學習最終目的不是掌握語言本身,而是用語言去做事情,比如學習其他學科,與他人進行交流等。(Anderson,1999)因此,外語作為一門幫助人們學習、工作的工具,首先應該體現在它的實用性上.而閱讀教學也往往帶有一定的目的性,即:把語言技能的學習同學科知識和社會文化知識結合起來。實現這個目的的途徑是把精讀課培養的技能運用到泛讀中,達到手段和目的的統一.這也是近幾年來市場上各類培訓班.從日常生存英語訓練(survivalEnglish)到英語考級輔導以及出國培訓等,取得成功的原因:學生認為學到了課堂上學不到的語言技能和技巧。大學英語課堂的尷尬,歸根結底是由於統一教材的局限性造成的。模式化的教學無法體現學生多層次的需要..因此在選擇材料時,應充分考慮到學生專業和日常運用要求。專業的選擇體現學生的興趣並與其未來的職業掛鉤。與專業相關的文章內容和詞彙往往能引起學生注意.體現日常運用的材料,如工作簡歷、租賃合同、留學申請、演講稿等不僅能作為閱讀材料運用,也能提高學生英語實際運用能力.
2.難易相宜
難易程度是材料選擇中最關鍵也是最難把握的問題。成功的理解取決於已有知識與文章要求的知識面是否相符,也取決於閱讀技能與理解文章所要求的技能是否相符。(Irwin,1986)學生總是需要一定的成就感來推動其學習積極性。因此。閱讀材料的選擇既應有一定的挑戰性,又不應超過學生水平太多,挫傷積極性。國外一些學者設計了不少模型(readabilityformulas)用來測量文章的難易程度。比較著名的如SMOGIndex(G.H.Mc.Laughlin,1969),theFry readabilityestimate(Fry,1977)。the Raygor Readability Estimate(Raygor,1977).但由於此類模型只選取某一方面的評判標准(如單詞音節數,句子長度)對文章進行微處理(microprocessing),忽略了其他影響閱讀的重要因素,只能做出粗略評估,所以在具體的英語教學課堂上實用性並不強。Mark w.Con-Icy(1992)指出,一些被可讀性模型歸類為簡單的句子,事實上會對一般讀者造成很大的困難,如:There was a run on the bank.(人們紛紛向銀行擠兌存款)由此可見,對於合適材料的篩選。需要教師根據實際情況,權衡多方面因素來進行定奪。
3原汁原昧
語言作為人與人之間的交流工具,總是在一定的社會、文化環境中發揮作用的,因此語言學習材料應該體現真實性(authenticity),即:語言在真實生活中使用的習慣和方式。任何對原材料進行的修改(刪節、簡化、改寫等)都會對原文意思和語言結構造成不同程度的損害,從而破壞其真實性。如:把一些難詞換成簡單卻在特定語境中不太常用的同義詞,或用考綱中要求的詞來替換符合習慣的簡單表達。雖然不少語言學家建議使用英文原作作為教材,但是在實際操作中,一方面學生有廣泛閱讀的需要,另一方面其語言水平又各不相同,選擇單一原材料進行閱讀訓練往往是不現實的,對於外語初學者更是如此。因此,教師更應該重視閱讀材料的真實使用.如:有些教師喜歡將閱讀理解題用做學生課外閱讀材料,這是不可取的.閱讀理解是為語言測試方便設計的習題,不僅缺乏語言環境,無法體現語言在自然環境中的使用,又禁錮了學生的閱讀選擇。同樣,一些教師經常用選擇題的形式作者簡介,黃毒。華東師范大學外語系05級研究生專業:英語語言文學來檢查學生的理解和閱讀完成情況。但這種測試手段與我們的生活經驗相去甚遠。因為日常生活中的問題並不會以選擇題的形式出現.所以簡單的提問或深入的討論是檢測閱讀效果的更為可取的方式。
4.觸類旁通
學生在學習過程中除了具有一定目的性外,還往往表現出不同的能力和興趣。如法律系學生往往樂意閱讀一些社會經濟方面的文章,來擴充專業知識,培養社會科學研究能力;新聞評論不僅對新聞專業學生有幫助,同時也能引起其他專業學生的興趣,從不同角度輔助其專業知識結構的完善.因此,教師應該把了解學生的閱讀興趣作為教學活動的基本出發點。以前,教師在閱讀題材選擇上常常表現得過於保守。但只要學生願意讀的材料(小說、詩歌、新聞、網文)都應考慮採納。學生的興趣體現在日常活動中。女生可能會認為換種語言看些言情小說值得嘗試,而一部恐怖懸疑電影可能會引發一些男生閱讀相關背景材料的念頭。報紙上的明星新聞更會激發一部分學生仔細「鑽研」。對於教師來說學生對文章產生的興趣比文章本身更重要。一開始不必擔心文章的主題和形式,隨著閱讀過程的深入。可以逐漸引導學生接受更加有益的讀物。多樣性的材料能拓展思路,為今後的閱讀和學習提供更廣闊的空間.
⑤ 高考英語閱讀選題目題如何做
一、考點聚焦
1、題型特點
閱讀是理解和吸收書面信息的能力。《中學英語教學大綱》規定,中學生應側重培養閱讀理解能力。
閱讀材料的選取原則為:
(1)閱讀量不少於1000個單詞。近三年超過2000字篇數為5篇,讀速要求為44.2,44.6和46.3wpm。
(2)題材多樣化,包括科普、社會、文化、政治、史地、經濟、新聞報道乃至廣告說明。
(3)體裁避免單一化,包括記敘文、說明文、應用文等。
2、試題要求
(1)掌握所讀材料的主旨和大意,以及用以說明主旨和大意的事實和細節。
(2)既理解具體的事實,也理解抽象的概念。
(3)既理解字面意思,也理解深層含義,包括作者的態度、意圖等。
(4)既理解某句、某段的意義也理解全篇的邏輯關系,並據此進行推理和判斷。
(5)能根據材料所提供的信息,結合中學生應有的常識正確判斷生詞的含義。
3、基本能力
(1)能迅速看準每句的結構,抓住主句的主語、謂語、賓語。
(2)有一定的詞彙量和辨詞能力。
(3)能靈活運用所學語法知識,根據句中的某個詞迅速斷定真假、語態和時態等。
(4)對英美文化背景知識有一定了解。
(5)有良好的思維能力,能邊看邊加工所得到的信息,從而作出正確分析、判斷和綜合。
(6)有平時大量閱讀作基礎,有一定的語感和相當的閱讀速度。
二、應試技巧點撥
1、四個步驟
(1)速讀短文,了解短文的主旨大意,辨別文體,掌握結構。
(2)看題。了解考查內容,帶著問題讀材料,尋找答案。
(3)復讀。對所選答案有針對性地尋找支撐論點的關鍵信息。
(4)核查。注意各題的答案應邏輯一致,不能自相矛盾。盡可能找到(從文中)根據,確保正確無誤。
2、四個善於
(1)關於審題,找出文中依據。
(2)善於尋找線索。
(3)善於抓主題句,解決概括題。
(4)善於篩選、比較、衡量、綜合文章的有用信息。
3、三個避免
(1)只見樹木不見林。
(2)難題耗時太多。
(3)閱讀方式不當。
三、精典範例
例1 (NMET 2001)
Shanghai: Car rentals(出租)are becoming more and more popular as an inexpensive way of taking to the roads. Business people, foreigners and families alike are making good use of the growing instry.
The first car rental firm opened in Shanghai in 1992 and now 12 car rental players are in the game, with more than 11,500 cars in their books.
The largest player—Shanghai Bashi Tourism Car Rental Center offers a wide variety of choices—deluxe sedans, minivans, station wagons, coaches. Santana sedans are big favorite.
Firms can attract enough customers for 70 percent of their cars every month. This figure shoots up ring holiday seasons like National Day, Labor Day and New Year's Day, with some recording 100 percent rental.
The major market force rests in the growing population of white-collar employees(白領雇員),who can afford the new service, said Zhuang Yu, marketing manager of Shanghai Angel car Rental Co.
( )1. The words "deluxe sedans","minivans"and "station wagons"used in the text refer to ___________.
A.cars in the making B.car rental firms
C.cars for rent D.car makers
( )2. Which of the following statements is true according to the text?
A. 70% of the cars can be rented out on holiday.
B. 70% of the customers are while-collar employees.
C. More firms are open for service ring holiday seasons.
D. Some firms rent out all their cars ring holiday seasons.
( )3. Shanghai's car rental instry is growing so fast mainly e to ___________.
A. better cars supplied by procers.
B. fast service offered by car rental firms.
C. the increasing number of white-collar emplioyees.
D. people's growing interest in travelling ring holidays.
解析:
1.C。上文提到:"Shanghai Bashi旅遊車租賃中心"提供了廣泛豐富的選擇,可判斷選擇的內容為可供租賃的車型。故選C。
2.D。文中提到的數據70%為"每月汽車租出量",故A、B都不正確。"This figure shoots up ring holiday seasons …, with some recording 100 percent rental"判斷出D項陳述正確的,即"一些公司在節假日里能夠把汽車全部租出去。"
3.C。文章最後一段引用"汽車租賃中心市場經理"(Zhuang Yu)的話解釋了上海汽車租賃行車迅猛發展的原因根源於"the growing population of white-collar employees"。故選C。
例2:(2004年全國卷II)
Rome had the Forum. London has Speaker's Corner. Now always–on– the-go New Yorkers have Liz and Bill.
Liz and Bill, two college graates in their early 20s, have spent a whole year trying to have thousands of people talk to them in subway stations and on busy street corners. Just talk.
Using a 2-foot-tall sign that says,"Talk to Me."they attract conversatio- nalists, who one evening included a mental patient, and men in business suits.
They don't collect money. They don't push religion(宗教). So what's the point?
"To see what happens, said Liz."We simply enjoy life with open communication(交流)."
Shortly after the September 11,2001 attacks, they decided to walk from New York City to Washington, a 270-mile trip. They found they loved talking to people along the way and wanted to continue talking with strangers after their return.
"It started as a crazy idea,"Liz said."We were so curious about all the strangers walking by with their life stories. People will talk to us about anything: their jobs, their clothes, their childhood experiences, anything."
Denise wanted to talk about an exam she was about to take. She had stopped by for the second time in two days, to let the two listeners know how it went.
Marcia had lost her husband to a serious disease."That was very heavy on my mind,"Marcia said."To be able to talk about it to total strangers was very good,"she explained.
To celebrate a year of talking, the two held a get-together in a city park for all the people they had met over the past year. A few hundred people showed up, as well as some television cameramen and reporters.
They may plan more parties or try to attract more people to join their informal talks. Some publishers have expressed interest in a book, something they say they'll consider.
1. What did Liz and Bill start doing after September 2001?
A. Chatting with people. B. Setting up street signs
C. Telling stories to strangers D. Organizing a speaker's corner
2. What they have been doing can be described as .
A. pointless B. normal C. crazy D. successful
3. Why are Denise and Marcia mentioned in the text?
A. They knew Liz and Bill very well.
B. They happened to meet the writer of the text.
C. They organized the get-together in the city park.
D. They are examples of those who talked to Liz and Bill.
4. What will Liz and Bill do in the future?
A. Go in for publishing. B. Do more television programs.
C. Continue what they are doing. D. Spend more time reading books.
5. How do they like they idea of writing a book?
A. They have decided to wait a year or two
B. They will think about it carefully
C. They agreed immediately
D. They find it hard to do that
解析:
1.A。本篇講述了兩個大學畢業生與陌生人交談,傾聽人們向他們傾述的互惠的活動。文章從聯想開始,簡介Liz and Bill(這是兩個人的名字,又是交談與傾聽活動的名稱)做什麼,怎樣開始的,效果如何,未來打算等,其中等六段和第七段是插敘(從shortly after…到…experiences, anything.),講述的就是兩個年輕人怎樣開始這一活動的。故選A項;開始與人聊天。
2.D。Liz and Bill活動很成功。從倒數第二段可知:為慶祝該活動一周所舉辦的聚會,有許多人參加,記者和攝影師都來了,說明很成功。
3.D。Liz和Bill同許多人談生活,傾聽過許多人跟他們談心,Denise和Marcia是其中的兩人。提到他們來做例子。
4.C。最後一段的前一句說明他們還想吸引更多的人來加入這一活動,與他們聊天。故選C。
5.B。本題問Liz和Bill怎麼看待寫本書這回事,全篇最後一句可知,但本句結構較復雜。something是代詞,是a book的同位語,"they'll consider"是定語從句,"they say"起到插入語的作用。全句可譯為:有些出版商表達了給Liz和Bill 出本書的興趣,Liz和Bill說他們會考慮這件事。consider一詞可解釋為think about carefully,"something"指出書寫書。故選B。
例3:
My first reaction was annoyance. It was Friday afternoon, and I was within an hour of finishing my work for the week. As I was leaving, a nurse brought me one more patient message. The statement read: "Mrs.Jones called to say that she has had blurred vision(視覺模糊)ever since her medical test this morning."I smiled. Suddenly our tests were causing eye problems.
This week my patients had questioned everything. My patient with high blood pressure had stopped coming to her treatment on the advice of an Internet chat room. A woman who had a mental problem was substituting(用……代替)St . John's word for her medication. Now Mrs. Jones was imagining problems. I rolled my eyes.
My second reaction was worry. As I looked through her record, I tried to figure out why she would have blurred vision, but nothing in her record explained the new problem. She's probably just anxious, I thought. Still, she wouldn't have called if she had been all right. I picked up the phone.
What I next felt can only be described as delight. Before I made the call, the nurse ran in: Mrs. Jones called. Her vision is fine. Turns out she picked up the wrong glasses when she left the office. The X-raytechnician has been having the same problem. I let out a laugh. Mrs. Jones had been right. Her vision had been blurred. Now we know why.
Finally I felt shame. I came to realize what Mrs. Jones had taught me. I had first known she was wrong, that her anxiety had clouded her judgment. Instead, my medical training had clouded mine. Now I me for my help. They pay me to listen, diagnose(診斷),treat and talk. That suggests trust; I must remember that, and trust them too.
1.The writer smiled while reading the patient message because he knew .
A. Mrs. Jones would ask for more tests
B. the patient was being unreasonable
C. the nurse was joking with him
D. Mrs. Jones would call him
2. What had caused Mrs . Jones' eye problem?
A. Wrong glasses B. Medical checkup.
C. Her own imagination D. Chatting on the Internet
3.The underlined words"clouded her judgment"in the last paragraph probably mean .
A. made her less trustful toward the doctor
B. put her in control of her own feelings
C. made her less able to think clearly
D. put her in a dangerous situation
解析:
1.B。本篇講一個醫生要結束一周的工作時幾分鍾內的心理歷程。一周來,病人們不斷懷疑或不信任自己,其中一個病人Mrs.Jones也來電話說上午看完病後眼睛看不清東西,醫生先是煩躁,進而擔心焦慮是否真的有問題或病人只是在想像,再而是高興——Mrs.Jones只是戴錯了眼鏡,自己的診斷治療沒問題。最後是慚愧,病人還是信任自己的,自己也必須信任病人。文章第二段活用了許多過去完成時,說明這些事先發生,許多病人開始沒道理地懷疑自己,現在又輪到Mrs.Jones。所以醫生知道這位病人有些沒理性。
2.A。第四段的前幾句說明了Mrs.Jones視力正常,(下班)離開辦公室時拿錯了眼鏡。
3.C。畫線部分中cloud作動詞用,是用雲擋住的意思,整體畫線部分應是"影響了她的判斷力,使她不能正常思考",本題可用代入法解決。
例4:
It's not the flashiest car in the world. Not even close. But the 1971 Volkswagen named Helios can do something most cars can't : run on solar energy—energy from the sun's light and head!
Joshua Bechtold, 14,and the other students at the Riverside School in Lyndonville, Vermont, worked They named their car after Helios, the sun god in Greek mythology(神話)。
The 4-year-old Tour de Sol encourages the use of "green",or environmen- tally friendly, cars to help rece pollution and save enengy. It's not a race. Cars are judged on fuel efficiency(耗油量)rather than speed. In the week-long event, 44 cars took the 350-mile tour from Waterbury, Connecticut, to Lake George, New York. Of the 23 student cars, Helios was the only one built by middle school students.
A teacher drove Helios, but the children talked with people wherever they stopped along the road."That was my favorite part,"says Anna Browne,15."We explained how the car runs."
Due in part to old, inefficient batteries(電池),Helios finished fourth—out of four—in its kind, the sun-powered class."We were there for the fun of it,"Anna says,"We're proud of Helios,"says Ariel Gleicher, 14."It's a car that's good for the environment."
1. What is special about the car Helios in the text?
A. It was built by middle school students
B. It has an attractive design
C. It was made in 1971
D. It won the fourth prize
2. How many sun-powered cars took part in the race?
A. 1 B. 4 C. 23 D. 44
3. What would be the best title for the text?
A. The Making of Helios
B. 1999 American Tour de Sol
C. Sun-powered Gars on the Road
D. Use of Green Cars in Connecticut
4. The students felt proud of Helios because .
A. it could run as far as 350 miles
B. it was favored by many children
C. it had high-quality batteries
D. it was driven by clean energy
解析:
1.A。從第一段"run on solar energy"和第二段"Joshua Bechtold,14, and the other students…worked many months to get Helois ready."可知本車利用太陽能,並且由學生製做。
2.B。從最後一段"Helois finished fourth-out of four-in its kind, the sun-powered class"可知,四輛同類車參賽,Helois得第四名。
3.C。全文講述Helois這類太陽能車。本文不止講Helois的製作,排除A。本文講Helois參賽前後的事,不以賽事為主,排除B。環保汽車的使用不止在Connectinut, 排除D。
4.D。學生們對此車感到自豪是因為該車環保,而非車速或小孩子喜歡,且它的電池舊而效率低,排除其他各項。
例5:
The other day, my friend Jane was invited to a 40th birthday party. The time printed on the invitation was 7:30 pm. Jane went off with her husband, expecting a merry evening of wine, food, and song.
By 9:45,everybody was having great fun, but no food had appeared. Jane and David were restless. Other guests began whispering that they, too, were starving. But no one wanted to leave, just in case some food was about to appear. By 11:00, there was still no food, and everyone was completely off their heads. Jane and David left hungry and angry.
Their experience suggests that the words on the printed invitations need to be made clearer. Everyone reads and understands the invitations differently. Most of us would agree that 6:30—8:30pm means drinks only, go out to dinner afterwards; 8:00pm or 8:30pm means possible dinner, but 9:30pm and any time thereafter means no food, eat beforehand, roll up late.
But this is not always the case. If asked to a students' party at 6:30pm, it is normal for guests not to appear before midnight, if at all, and no one cares. Being the first to arrive—looking eager—is social death. When my mother asked to a party for 6:30, she likes to be there, if not on time, then no later than seven. My age group (late thirties)falls somewhere between the two, but because we still think we're young. We're probably closer to student-time than grown-up time.
The accepted custom at present is confusing(混亂的),sometimes annoying, and it often means you may go home hungry, but it does lend every part that precious element(成分)of surprise.
1. The underlined words"off their heads"probably mean .
A. tired B. crazy C. curious D. hopeless
2. Jane and David's story is used to show that .
A. party-goers usually get hungry at parties
B. party invitations can be confusing
C. people should ask for food at parties
D. birthday parties for middle-aged people are ll
3. For some young people, arriving on time for a students' party will probably be considered .
A. very difficult B. particularly thoughtful
C. friendly and polite D. socially unacceptable
4. According to the writer, people in their late thirties .
A. are likely to arrive late for a party
B. care little about the party time
C. haven't really grown up yet
D. like surprises at parties
5. What is the general idea of the text? .
A. It's safe to arrive late just when food is served
B. It's wise to eat something before going to a party
C. It's important to follow social rules of party-going
D. It's necessary to read invitations carefully
解析:
1.B。參加晚會的人沒吃晚飯,到晚11點,人們餓瘋了。
2.B。開頭的故事做為例子,說明邀請信函令人迷茫,人們無法把握該如何去做。
3.D。第四段前幾句說明,年輕的學生赴晚會遲到很正常。急切地第一個趕到的人太少見了。
4.A。第四段最後提及三十多歲的人參加晚會的時間接近學生的時間,故可能遲到。
5.C。全文可知,不同年齡段的人到達晚會的時間不同,對晚會時間理解不同,不遵從社會習慣,便會出現餓肚子等現象。所以,按社會習俗參加晚會極為重要。
例6:
Cannes will rock to the sound of a cancan dance this year when Moulin Rouge by the Australian director Baz Luhrmann opens the French film festival
(電影節)in May. The musical stars Nicole Kidman as a singer, and John Leguizamo as the artist Henri de Toulouse-Lautree. It will be competing for the palme d'Or, the festival's top prize. The festival runs to May 21.
The American actor Tommy Lee Jones, 54, has married his longtime girlfriend, Dawn Maria Laurel, 36, in a private wedding in San Antonio."It wasn't a big to-do,"said Fred Biery, a U.S. District Judge who performed the service. He refused to discuss things further."These are very private people,"he said.
Loretta Lynn is being treated for a very bad cold in Tennessee and will miss several appearances. The country singer, 65, was admitted to a hospital near her home in Hurricane Mills."She is in good condition, but the doctors are watching her closely,"a spokeswoman said.
The French-Algerian singer Enrico Macias was named a United Nations peace messenger. Enrico joins eight other people who act as goodwill envoys(使者)for the United Nations, among them are the writer Elie Wiesel and the basketball player Magie Johnson.
1. We can learn from the text that Henri de Toulouse-Lantree is .
A. a figure in a film B. a dancer in a show
C. a country singer D. a prize winner
2. We know from the text that .
A. Moulin Rouge won the top prize in a film festival
B. Loretta Lynn is under the doctor's care
C. eight people serve as the UN goodwill enjoys
D. Fred Biery was Tommy Lee Jones' assistant
3. This text most probably appears in .
A. a book on film stars B. a film review in a magazine
C. a newspaper D. a notice
解析:
1.A。第一段"…and John Leguizamo as the artist Hentti de You-louse- Lautree."可知,as前省略了will act, as前的人是一個演員,其後的人是電影中的角色。
2.B。第四段"She (Loretta Lynn)is in good condition, but the doctors are watching her closely"可知答案。Moulin Rough(一部影片)即將參加電影節,尚未獲獎,排除A。Enrico Macias同其他八人一道,共九人,排除C。Fred Biery是一個法官,故排除D。
3.C。全文四小段文章均是關於影視娛樂圈的事,應該是從報紙的休閑娛樂欄目中選取的文章。
來自www.jxue.com/mid
⑥ 《英語課程標准》對英語閱讀的具體要求是什麼急啊!
1. 能根據上下文和構詞法推斷,理解生詞的含義。
2. 能理解段落中各句子之間的內邏輯關系容
3.能找出文章中的主題,理解故事的情節,預測故事情節的發展和可能的結局
4.能讀懂相應水平的常見體裁的讀物
5.能根據不同的閱讀目的運用簡單的閱讀策略獲取信息
6.能利用詞典等工具書進行閱讀。
7 課外閱讀量應累計達到15萬詞以上。
⑦ 閱讀英語文章的方法 閱讀英語文章有哪些要點
大量閱讀
以前我們數十年來英語教學不很成功的主要原因就是拘泥於教科書,沒有相當閱讀量配合.據統計,把以前的中學六年的英語教科書的課文內容全部相加總量不過是一張日報一面的量,這些語言量不管怎麼讀,也是不可能掌握一門語言的,所以現在新的英語教學大綱要求初中畢業生的英語閱讀量為30萬單詞,高中畢業的量為60萬單詞,從教學措施上保證學生必須達到這個閱讀量的標准,因為我們在學校讀的英語課本實質上僅僅是精讀,因此我們要補充的應是泛瀆,讀什麼呢?
我建議讀下列四方面的內容:一、選一本你感興趣,且翻最初幾頁你不查詞典也能看懂的英語書,開始可選一些簡易或縮寫的讀物,然後可選一些原著.
二、訂一份英語報紙,開始可訂屬中學生看的,
快速閱讀
讀文章如同看樹林一樣,人站在樹林前不能把眼睛光看著一棵樹,甚至只盯著樹上的葉子,一張一張地看,看到最後,還是一張一張葉子,葉子固然要看,但整棵樹也要看,整片森林更要看,我們必須迅速把視野擴大,這樣才能對森林全貌有所了解.讀文章也是如此,如何才能加強對閱讀文章的理解呢?那就是在閱讀文章材料時要學會快速閱讀.快速閱讀是綜合運用閱讀技巧,在快速閱讀時通過邏輯思維,獲取盡可能多的信息.在整個快速閱讀過程中,要高度集中思想,讓大腦處於高度興奮狀態中.如果念得很慢,一詞一詞地讀,往往念完全文,很茫然,詞都認識,就是不知道文章講什麼.所以現在的英語測試都有一個閱讀速度的要求.
整體理解
我們常有這樣的情況:句子都能看懂,但讀完文章印象卻不深,這就牽涉到對文章框架結構的整體理解.如何學會對文章的整體理解呢?首先,要重視文章的題目和文章的首句.因為文章的題目就是文章的主題,文章的內容就是環繞主題展開.首句很關鍵是因為首句是文章的導入,點明作者寫文章的意圖,背景等.接著的每一段的第一句也很重要,因為每段的第一句實際上多半是每段的主題句,然後進行陳述或論述,逐步展開,給予例證,最後把該段內容用一句話來小結,所以每段的最後一個句子常常是該段的結論句,而整篇
文章的最後一句就往往是這篇文章的結論或作者寫這篇文章的用意所在.所以我們在閱讀文章時要養成這樣一個習慣:見了文章的題目,要停頓一下,想一想,如果讓你寫這篇文章將如何寫,或猜一猜,這篇文章大概寫什麼,然後你會饒有興趣地讀下去.接著在往下閱讀時特別注意每段的第一句與最後一句,並用心記往,在讀完全文時清晰地將全文的主要內容像看電影似的一幅一幅地印在腦中,記憶很深既把握住了全文的主要內容、論點、論據,又學會了作者的邏輯推理的方法技巧及整篇文章的框架結構,而這是寫文章最重要的,也就是文章的構思.
積累詞語
要提高閱讀水平,詞彙量與短語量非常重要,打個譬方:造房子要磚瓦材料,詞彙就是閱讀英語的磚瓦材料,沒有相當量的英語詞彙,閱讀英語是無法進行的.所以要提高閱讀水平,我們就得學會積累詞語.我們不妨這么做:在通讀全文後看第二遍,遇到生詞盡可能根據上下文來猜,仍猜不出意思的,就把這些生字查好詞典,然後抄寫在一本可隨身攜帶的小本子上.每天有空時,就拿出這小本子背誦記憶,這樣做不費時,效果卻很好,不時接觸,反復記憶,詞彙量增加得很快.
按上述幾種方法訓練自己,沒多久,英語閱讀能力就提高了,對付考試也就沒有問題了.
快速提高書面表達能力似乎是不可能的.但是應試還是有一些小訣竅.
考前可以將歷年常規考題的題型進行一下歸納.將每一題型的寫作結構、步驟、方法弄清.並背記同一類型2-3篇範文.這種背記要做到十天一個循環的重復.也許會對你答題有些微幫助.
另一忠告是,每天定時大聲朗讀背記一些不太難的語篇,培養語流直至高考.如果你認為有價值可以嘗試.
以下建議或許對英語學習有幫助.
第一,每天不要一做題就是單選題,應花相當的時間體會語篇,無論是完型還是閱讀,都要能夠在做前,做後都把文章通讀幾遍.這種學習類似高一,高二精讀課文,但又不是那麼面面俱到.目的是體會語言.語言的體會就是語境中學習語言.不但有知識性的學習,復習,同時又能達到交流的目的(這是學習語言的最終目標).脫離了後者去答高考這么一篇以考查語言運用能力為主的試卷,勢必會失敗.因此這是我給出建議的理由.
第二,堅持每天至少半小時大聲朗讀所學過的課文(高中一至六冊).考前強化語言對自己的刺激,可使考場上語言感覺順暢.由於高考題多數是選擇題,不排除也不排斥猜題(出題人認可).因為這是考查閱讀量(每年20萬字課外閱讀)及語感的測試手段.如果你的語流在考場上非常順暢,那麼你就有優勢.這種語言刺激的方式,一定堅持到考前一天.相信會給你一個意外的收獲.
另大聲朗讀也是矯正讀音的一個方法,只有能夠正確讀出單詞和用正確的語調讀出句子,在聽力當中,你才可能有較強的辨音能力及較快的反應能力.無疑對聽力的提高也是有益的.
第三,如果在過去五年中學習英語時沒有養成背記語篇的話,最後一年強化背記一些典型題材的文章,也許會有助於寫作分數的提高.
第四,有些同學做閱讀時,只把注意力放在做對多少道題上,沒有養成回頭再把文章分析、體會的習慣.這里我特別要強調的是,加強難句的分析(雖然沒有影響做題),這種分析除了語法結構知識方面的,還應養成與同學、老師討論深層含義以及語句的邏輯關系.這樣多做幾次就能夠逐步的獨立分析難句.在考場上,就能夠獨立完成選項,並有信心拿分.
第五,有些同學由於考試緊張通常在考場上會發生閱讀障礙,也就是眼睛很快的掃描文章,而文章和語句的意思不能理解.這可能是由於同學們不良的閱讀習慣所至,不能高效集中精力閱讀.這是很危險的.一個補救的辦法就是從現在起,做閱讀按篇或按套限時,有條件的同學可以買一個定時器,按篇每篇設置7-8分鍾完成,按套35-40分鍾完成.
而且做題時盡量找一無打擾環境,一定不要聽音樂,吃東西.這樣一段時間下來,這種類似考場上的氛圍會讓你習慣考場上的緊張,從而使你能夠進入一種非常好的閱讀狀態
如有其他問題歡迎來找我 很樂意幫忙