初中英語閱讀理解人物
初中英語閱讀理解常見題型及答題技巧
中考閱讀理解不僅是令很多考生感到頭痛的題型，也是最能拉開考生分數差距的題型。曾經就有人用"成也閱讀，敗也閱讀"來形容中考閱讀，足可見其重要性。通過對近幾年中考試卷的研究發現，中考閱讀理解的主要考查方式其實只有兩種：主觀題型和客觀題型。關於這一點我們稍後再做詳細介紹。我們先來了解一下中考所考查文章的體裁與內容，通過對近幾年中考試卷的總結研究，中考閱讀理解對於體裁的考查較多樣，多為記敘文、說明文、應用文，有時也會考議論文。總之對於體裁的考查不會太單一。而文章的題材內容也比較豐富，一般會有小故事、日常生活事件、報刊雜志內容、文化習俗、名人軼事等。
首先，我們分析客觀題的題目設置。主要有三種形式：一、細節題；二、概括題；三、推測題。那麼，什麼是細節題呢？就是那些考查文章中有關事情發生的具體細節的題目，如：時間、地點、人物、事件經過、方式、結果等；什麼是概括題呢，就是從文章的整體層面上設置的一類綜合性題目，如：為文章選擇一個恰當的題目、推測本文作者想要表達的中心思想以及寫作目的等；最後一種推測題是這幾種題型中難度最大的，它需要建立在對整篇文章內容熟悉掌握的基礎上，主要出題形式有根據文章的上下文，猜測某一個單詞或者短語在該情景中的具體含義，根據所給的部分文章內容，推測文章的結尾等。
了解了客觀題的出題規律，接下來就是解題技巧了。
首先，一般題目的出題模式都是一個段落出一道題，因此，同學們做題時可以按照這個思路，一段一段的向下找答案。對於做題前先看題目還是先讀文章，這是一個仁者見仁智者見智的問題，同學們可以根據自己的閱讀習慣進行選擇。如果是先讀文章的話，在通讀文章的過程中一定要有意識地把一些關鍵詞句用鉛筆（tips:一定要用鉛筆，而且做完題一定要用橡皮擦掉）勾畫下來，以便答題時能迅速准確的找到相應的答案。如果考試時間緊張的話，最好的辦法就是先讀題，帶著問題根據每一段開頭的主題句，到相應的`段落中尋找答案。
接下來我們分析主觀題的題目設置。主要有兩種形式：一、根據課文內容回答問題；二、根據文章內容完成表格，翻譯文章中的句子。對於這兩種題型，我們應該如何解決呢？首先，有的問題的答案可以直接在文章中找到，但是需要我們足夠的細心以及足夠的耐心，讀文章不能一帶而過，一目十行。對於那些需要我們將有關信息重新組合的題目，一定要細心思考，涵蓋所有信息。另外，有的問題還需要我們表達自己的觀點，切記一定要結合文章的整體內容方向進行總結，再簡單明了地表述出來。同學們在做這類題目的時候需要注意以下幾點：1.回答不宜多多益善，而要言簡意賅，一針見血；2. 無論是英譯漢還是漢譯英，都要符合各自語言的表達方式以及表達習慣，不能逐字逐句的強翻。
看到這里，也許有的同學會說，這些方法都太晦澀，有沒有一些實際可行的從零開始的方法來提高自己的閱讀成績呢？答案是肯定的。同學們只要堅持以下幾點，提高閱讀能力是絕對沒有問題的。
一、多練習。 理論再多再精彩終究不能做對題，"紙上談兵"永遠不如"投入實戰重要"；
二、要有耐心。 閱讀需要耗費大量的時間與精力，同時也需要你有足夠的耐心。雖然過程是痛苦的，但只要你堅持下去，終會有苦盡甘來的一天。
三、掌握一定的閱讀方法與技巧。 在進行閱讀的時候不要逐字讀文章，遇到生詞就先跳過去。你不認識的單詞別人也不一定都認識，而且這個單詞很有可能是不會影響那你理解文章的，因為對於那些能夠影響文章理解又超出大綱要求的單詞，出題人一般都會給出漢語注釋的。
四、不論是對於主觀題的考查還是客觀題的考查，都是建立在對文章內容的理解上的 ，因此，我們在閱讀時必須把它看作一個整體，在理解全文大意的前提下有針對性地挖掘一些所需的細節內容。
總而言之，掌握一定的閱讀技巧和方法固然重要，但要想在閱讀理解這一重要知識板塊取得高分，還必須經過堅持不懈的努力。閱讀理解需要扎實的語言基礎以及熟練的語言能力，而扎實的語言基礎來自平時嚴格的基本功訓練，熟練的語言能力來自長期的知識積累以及運用。俗話說："冰凍三尺，非一日之寒"。只要平時刻苦努力，打下扎實的英語基礎知識，再加上科學的解題方法，閱讀理解不失分就不再是一個遙不可及的夢想了。
㈡ 初中英語閱讀理解試題(含答案和解釋)
My summer hols wr CWOT. B4, we usd 2 go 2 NY 2C my bro, his CF & thr 3:-@ kids FTF ILNY, its gr8.
Can you understand this sentence? If you can't, don't feel too bad: neither could the middle school teacher in England who received this as homework. This is Netspeak: the language of computerized communication found on Internet or cellphones. To newcomers, it can look like a completely foreign language. So, what is the "translation" of the sentence above? My summer holidays were a complete waste of time. Before, we used to go to New York to see my brother, his girlfriend, and their three screaming kids face to face. I love New York; it's great.
Schoolteachers and parents say this new form of writing is harming（破壞）the English language. Increasing spelling and grammatical mistakes cxan be seen in students' writing. They fear the language could become corrupted（面目全非的）.
Everyone should just relax, say linguists（語言學家）. They believe Netspeak is in fact more of a good thing. David Crystal, from the University of Wales, argues that Netspeak and Internet create a new language use and the almost lost art of diary writing has been picked up again. Geoffrey Nunberg, from Stanford University, agrees. "People get better at writing by writing," he says, "Kids who are now doing text messaging, e-mail, and instant messages will write at least as well as, and possibly better than, their parents."
Linguist James Millroy says, for centuries, it is believed without exception that young people are harming the language. And you can bet your bottom dollar that when today's teenagers become tomorrow's parents, they too will think this way. Milroy argues that languages do not and cannot become "corrupted"; they simply change to meet the new needs.
However, Netspeakers do agree that it is important to teach young people how to speak and write Standard English. Cynthia McVey says, "I can understand Netspeak worries teachers and it's important that they get across to their pupils that text messaging is for fun, but that learning to write proper English is a must for their future."
Perhaps we should give teenagers a little more trust anyway. Erin, age 12, says, "I wouldn't use text language in my homework. Texting is just for fun"
1. What is the main purpose of the first paragraph?
A. To give an example of a foreign language.
B. To show an example of creative methods.
C. To express worries about using Netspeak.
D. To lead in the topic of Netspeak.
答案：D
【解析】在審題過程中請大家主語是main purpose而不是main idea ,第一段就一句話，而且是讓人咋看起開一頭霧水的句子，這樣的句子用在開頭，很明顯是為了引出下文。或者大家可以運用排除法文章主要對象是netspeak ,而A，B兩項沒有提到netspeak 故排除，又因為C選項在感情色彩上是負面，與原文感情色彩相違背，故答案選擇D。
2. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. Cynthia McVey points out teenagers can deal with Netspeak properly.
B. Geoffrey Nunberg believes Netspeakers can write Standard English.
C. David Crystal thinks Netspeak helps develop the habit of writing.
D. James Milroy says that language is changing and improving.
答案：C
【解析】本題為判斷正誤題，也叫做細節推斷題，解題方法依據選項中的人物專有名詞來定位找要點，A定位詞為CM在原文倒數第二個自然段出現，其中引號的句子中用了worries與答案中的properly相反，所以排除；B定位詞為GN和Standard English.文中出現Standard English.是在倒數第二個自然段與CM相關的信息，所以此選項為典型的張冠李戴；D選項為片面的誇大其辭，文章層面只能看到language is changing，而沒有任何細節提到improving，所以根據文章第四自然段可以推斷出C為正確選項。
3. The expression "bet your bottom dollar" in Paragraph 5 means ______.
A. be fairly sure B. be greatly surprised
C. think it a pity D. find it interesting
答案：A
【解析】本題為短語推斷題，解題方法結合上下文邏輯關系，上文提到年輕人會harming 語言，下文接著說當他們成為父母後，they too will think this way .他們也會這么想，那麼中間空出一定是強調，並凸顯出下文，那麼最滿足條件的解釋是A選項。
4. What can be the best title for the passage?
A. Netspeak: A Widely-Used Language on Internet
B. Is Netspeak Harming the English Language?
C. Is Netspeak Helpful in Language Learning?
D. Netspeak: Advantages and Disadvantages
答案：B
【解析】本題為主旨大意題，結合專家的觀點，既引號中的句子我們可以斷定，全文的中心思想是為了凸顯出netspeak的好，A 選項文章沒有凸顯出widely -used C 選項沒有重點提及到language learning D文章觀點很鮮明，並不是正反觀點的論證，故答案選擇B。
㈢ 安徽初中英語閱讀理解 求答案和分析
【答案：1-5 BABBD 6-10 CDABD】
1．A．believed B．liked C．hated D．knew
【第一句話介紹了這位雖有錢但吝嗇的傢伙，你會喜歡此類人嗎？】
2．A．die B．1eave C．return D．arrive
【下一小節第一句話「甚至這樣也沒人相信他。」說明他這里是在對大家許諾。】
3．A．frightened B．happy C．angry D．safe
【在他認為，人們得到了他的一切應該會高興的。】
4．A．agree B．understand C．remember D. forget
【當然，人們不相信他，這一點對於他這樣吝嗇的人來說是不可理解的。】
5．A．crying B．laughing C．singing D．talking
【句中happen to hear是「碰巧聽見」之意。這里用了感官動詞句型：hear sb. doing sth.】
6．A．because B．so C．but D．or
【前後句有轉折意。】
7．A．sometimes B．all the time C．at the beginning D．in the end
【前兩句講了事情的過程，這里是他疑惑的「結果」，即：為什麼最後人們喜歡你而不是我？】
8．A．alive B．dead C．busy D．free
【如果你聯想到這位吝嗇鬼的許諾，就不難選出答案：母牛是在它還活著是就提供給人們牛奶了。】
9．A．1ike B．have C．eat D．say
【with what I have表示「用我所擁有的」。】
10．A．1ifetime B．competition C．friendship D．future
【你會喜歡承諾將來對你好的人還是喜歡現在就對你好的人。那麼合理的答案就出來了。】
㈣ 初一英語閱讀理解解題技巧
【 #教育# 導語】閱讀理解是英語學習中一個很重要的方面，它反映了學生直接應用英語的能力。英語試題中對學生閱讀能力的測試主要通過完形填空和閱讀理解兩種題型。更多相關內容請關注 教育頻道！1.閱讀理解題一般有以下幾種形式
1)根據短文內容，判斷正、誤
2)根據短文內容，選擇答案
3)根據短文內容，回答問題
4)根據短文內容，填寫表格
5)根據短文內容，在改寫後的短文中填詞
閱讀理解部分的短文內容非常廣泛，有人物傳記、政治經濟、天文史地、社會文化、科普小品、風土人情、幽默故事及日常生活的各個方面。試題往帆返山往就短文中容易誤解和忽略之處靈活地提出問題，所用的句型和詞語也往往不同於短文中相應部分的句型和詞語。
掌握豐富的詞彙及必要的語法知識是提高閱讀理解能力的先決條件，而了解文化差異及歷史背景常常是十分重要的。因此，同學們應該對講英語國家的風土人情及歷史發展有一般的常識，同時對科普、科幻、天文、地理等都要有所了解。你們還必須經常進行大量的各種體裁、各種風格的課外閱讀，逐步加快閱讀速度，不斷增進閱讀技巧。
2.閱讀理解的解題步驟和方法
1.通讀全文，掌握大意
做閱讀理解題一定要學會通過快速閱讀，從整體上理解短文的大意及中心思想，領會
出題人的意圖。切忌人為地將短文搞得支離破碎，逐詞逐句地去感知材料，看一句或幾句做一個題目，這樣會影響答題的正確率。但是對於一些長句和難句要作語法分析，以便掌握短文的大意和每個句子的確切含義。短文的開頭和結尾往往是全文內容的概括，對理解、推理都會有很大的幫助。
2.細審題意，獲取信息
認真審閱文後的理解題。在審題時要弄清楚試題問的是細節（如人物、時間、地點）
還是主題大意；是事實還是觀點；是從正面問還是從反面問。看清試題後，帶著問題再回到正文中去尋找有關的句子、段落，獲取重要的信息。然後把所獲得的信息點與所給的答案逐一進行認真的比較，以便作出正確的判斷。
3.分層推理，正確答題
有些理解題可以直接從短文中找到答案。有些深層次的理解題在短文中找不到直接的
3.五一勞動節活動主題主持詞
1.快速通讀從文章里找答案
初一英語的閱讀理解部分有3篇文章,共15個選擇題。閱讀最重要的是積累,沒有一蹴而就的辦法。平時要多閱讀、多聽,久而久之就能找態中到語感,也就是有些同學說的「有感覺」。很多時候,做閱讀理解題需要從文章里找答案。這並不是要求考生去逐字逐句閱讀,而相反是快速通讀全文大概了解文章意思後,仔細閱讀每個題目,遇到試題內容與原文內容相近的,就立即找到原文對應的位置仔細閱讀。
2.做題按「先易後難」順序
根據往年初中的規律,一般是第一篇和第三篇較容易,第二篇較難,尤其是第二篇的最後兩道選擇題,往往需要考生去揣測文章作者的意思。因此,建議考生按照「先易後難」的原則,先把第一篇和第三篇做完之後再去做第二篇,這樣可以避免在難題上糾結而浪費過多時間,也可以樹立一定的信心。
在考試中完形填空和看圖填詞里一般均有2-4題是考察固定短語搭配,比如動賓、動補搭配等。世廳這些固定短語搭配需要學生經常溫習和鞏固。
3.沉著冷靜面對生詞
遇到生詞時,一定要沉著、冷靜。中考英語試題中,一般是不會盲目地出現生詞的,但不排除出現影響答題的生詞,同時也可能出現猜測生詞的題目,因為猜測詞義也是閱讀能力的體現,當然也在考查范圍之列。遇到這種題目,只要理解了全篇材料的大部分內容,弄清了上、下文之間的內在聯系,判斷出它在文中可能存在的含義是不難的。
4.閱讀試題中的判斷正誤題
4.五一勞動節活動主題主持詞
（1）事實細節題的解題方法：
1）在讀的時候注意細節，理順思路和文章脈絡。比如記敘文大多都以人物為中心，以時間或者以空間為線索，按事件的起因、發展、結局而展開的故事；論述題則包含論點、論據、結論三個要素，是通過解釋、舉例來說明觀點。這類的題型可以根據文章的特點，注意細節，以動詞、時間、地點、事件、因果關系等為線索，找出其中的關鍵詞語。
2）抓住文章的每一段中心句，後面都是圍繞這個中心而展開分析，只要把握了文章的脈絡後，相對來說定位就比較方便了，解題就會更加輕松。
3）學會瞻前顧後和左顧右盼方法來理解細節題型，也就是說從短文的上下聯系來找到解決問題的關鍵和細節。
4）注意引出細節的信息詞，如：for example, an example of, the most important example, first, second, next, then, last, finally, to begin with, also, besides等。
（2）推理判斷題的方法和技巧：
閱讀理解題中難度並且出現頻率的就是推理判斷題，這種題型要求考生根據文章中出現的暗示信息，抓住內含語義，再用邏輯思維的方法加以整理，然後才能做出合理的判斷和解答。推理的方法大致可分為：簡單推理和復雜推理。
1）簡單推理
什麼叫簡單推理呢？就是說以表面文字作為前提，用具體事實作為依據進行推理做出判斷。這種推理方式比較簡單粗暴，只要你弄清事實就可以結合常識推斷出合理的結論。
2）復雜推理
復雜推理相對就要難一些了，不但要以文字作為依據，而且還要弄懂文章的語境、內涵。這是一種間接而復雜的邏輯推理方式。考生要推斷出文章沒有表面的，那就必須要由表及裡地歸納。
㈤ 初中英語閱讀理解的技巧和方法經驗分享
閱讀理解是初中英語必考題型之一，下面我為大家總結了初中英語閱讀理解的技巧和方法經驗分享，僅供參考。
初中生做閱讀理解審視標題
試題中有的文章有標題，有的沒有，擬題人是有所考慮的。標題是文章主題的高度凝聚。它能給我們啟發和想像，想像文章的內容和走向。這樣做有利於對文章的理解，能提高做題的效率。
初中生要掌握閱讀理解的細節
這次應細品，不可一晃而過。可邊讀邊用鉛筆做些記錄，把有關的人物、事件、時間、地點、起因(即五個W：who， what， when， where， why)劃出來。
經過這樣的處理，你對文章的內容和細節便會胸有成竹，對事態的發生、發展和解決有了更加深入的了解。
英語閱讀理解理解大意，初選答案
一般短文都設有五個題目，對那些表層理解的題目可以斷然選定。對那些深層理解的題目，應再查閱原文，但決不是簡單重讀，應找出依據，把所答案代入文中，再確定正誤。
在確定答案時，對文章和題中的詞語應結合上下文思考其確切意思，切忌望文生義，作出錯誤的判斷。
英語閱讀理解帶著問題找答案
多半學生在做閱讀時，讀著讀著就走神了，等回過神來前面讀了什麼就忘了，周而復始，30分鍾過去了，好不容易做完，准確率還不高。閱讀是一個連貫性的題型，需要注意力集中，專心致志去分析文章。
針對於那些容易走神的學生，建議計時做題，有了時間的約束，可以時刻提醒自己集中於文章;或者有些同學就是對大篇幅的文章有厭讀情緒，那麼可以從問題和選項入手，在問題和選項中找出關鍵詞，了解文章大概，帶著問題有針對性的到文章找答案。
以上就是我為大家總結的初中英語閱讀理解的技巧和方法經驗分享，僅供大家參考，希望對大家有所幫助。
㈥ 急，找三篇常州初中英語閱讀理解
A little Brave Girl
A little Brave Girl
It is a true story.
This story was set in at the end of 2004 Zhejiang, when a ten-year old girl walked on her way to home from school as usual, she was being kidnapped off guard
by three men, whom are over 30 years of age, be tall, strong, and are very experienced in kidnapping. For just a split second, the girl was got in a car and didn』t know where she would head, but she didn』t burst into tears like others probably have done in her age, was unusually sober and figured out what has just happened. After short deliberation, she gave her parents telephone number to three
kidnappers after she was asked twice. Kidnappers shortly send short message to
her parents to tell what they did a moment ago for the ransom of RMB500,000 as they commands, threatened them with their daughter』s life. Her parents were at their wits' end at that moment and later had to dial police for helping. During closely watched by two kidnappers, the girl were pleased to cooperate with them in three meals, water, and spoke something to them for delaying. Luckily, kidnappers are very emotional and were amazed at what the girl said when it comes to money, 「 I know clearly you are impossible to kill me, you need money most of all
, but you should know money doesn』t grow on trees, but on painstaking hands.」
The girl said, 「 Uncle, you have probably had children like me, if you children
are in the danger of kidnapping, how then do you think? …」 Finally, the kidnappers were profoundly moved by her reasonable words, and policemen easily seized them about two days later, now they do their time.
Soon after, a journalist wanted to disclose the reason why such a little young
girl is so wise upon the curious queries from the public, but the girl』s parents definitely rejected to accept visit, because they are afraid of kidnapping again as everyone would probably know her. But her main teacher briefly told that
the school often takes 「 Keep a head ring a crisis, to be wise and brave.」 as a compulsory lesson to ecate pupils, this girl are brave enough to practise
this lesson. Also, the girl said she was sort of scared but must to eat enough to keep energetic so as to fight against the kidnappers as long as she could.
Through this story, I deeply feel that the importance of ecation. Nothing is
more important than to receive ecation. Ecation, is absolutely not complete
with graation, is a lifelong study and bound to exert a great impact on our future. Further, the value of ecation. We should not ecate children only for
the aim of ecation, our foremost purpose is to fit them for life.
We can see bats in almost every part of the world but they can』t live in very hot or very cold places. They live on all continents but do not live on Antarctica. You can find most species of bats in the places where the weather is nice and warm.
On some islands there are only a few kinds of bats. That』s because it』s too far for most bats to get to those islands.
In the United States, the greatest number of bats live in the south-western part of the country. This place has all kinds of places where bats can live and there is a lot of food ring most of the year. For example, Texas has 32 different kinds of bats while Maine has only 8; Arizona has 28 species, but Michigan has just 10.
詞數:39處理時間:2′09〃
Questions:1. The underlined word "species" in the first paragraph means "______"in Chinese.
A. 種類B. 數量C. 天敵D. 棲息地
2. We can learn from the passage that _____.
A. bats like warm places
B. bats live everywhere in the world
C. the US has the most bats in the world
D. bats don』t like living on islands
3. The passage mainly tells us ____.
A. how bats live B. where bats live
C. bats』food D. bats』life
B
本文詞數:182參考時間:2′32〃
In warm water, there is a kind of sea mammal1 called gongs. They live a comfortable life. They have no natural enemies and never fight2.Dugongs lived in the oceans ring the age of dinosaurs. They have funny faces and no front teeth! Their teeth grow only along the sides of their mouth. Some think they are ugly. Only their mothers may love them, but as we know, they are important and helpful for us!
Dugongs only eat plants. They swim slowly so that they can eat the sea grass. They often dig down into the sand and eat sea-grass roots. Dugongs relax ring the day. During most of the night, they eat. They eat noisily and you can often hear the sounds of their chomping teeth.
Dugongs give birth to only one baby every three to five years. They take the newborn baby to the surface of the water so that the baby can take its first breath of air. It stays with its mother for two years and sometimes rests on its mother』s back. Dugongs feed their young with milk.
Dugongs can live for about 60 years, but every year more and more people move to near the warm coasts and rivers which are also the homes to gongs. They have fewer places to live and feed.
Notes:
1. mammal n. 哺乳動物
2. 意為:在自然界它們沒有敵人,也從不爭斗。
詞數:39處理時間:2′09〃Questions:
1. Which one is the best title for this article?
A. The Kind Animal
B. Dugongs』Lives
C. Dugongs Are Nice
D. Mother Loves Dugongs
2. The underlined words "chomping teeth"mean __________.
A. washing teeth
B. changing teeth
C. eating loudly
D. opening the mouth
3. Which one is TRUE?
A. Dugong babies live with their mother when they are 3 years old.
B. Dugongs eat animals and plants.
C. Dugongs give birth every year.
D. Dugongs can live for as long as 60 years.
閱讀新題型
本文詞數:240參考時間:6′00〃
A man was looking for office help. He put a sign1 in the window: "HELP WANTED. Must know how to type2 and speak two languages, and be good at the computer."1 The man was surprised, but led him into the office. Inside, the dog jumped on the chair and looked at him.
The man said, "I can』t give you this job. The sign says you must know how to type." The dog jumped down, went to the typewriter, and typed out a perfect letter. 2 The man was shocked3, but told the dog, "The sign says you have to be good at the computer." The dog went to the computer and wrote out the same letter on it.
The man looked at the dog and said, "You』re a very clever dog. 3 "
The dog looked at the man and said, "Meow!"
Notes:
1. sign n. 標牌
2. type v. 打字
3. shock v.使震驚
詞數:39處理時間:2′09〃
Task: Please put the following sentences in the blanks. 把下列句子還原到文中空白處。
A. He took out the piece of paper and gave it to the manager.
B. However, I still can』t give you the job, because the sign also says that you need to speak two languages.
C. A short time later, a dog came to the window, saw the sign and went inside.
本期閱讀答案
閱讀A 1-3 A A B
閱讀B 1-3 B C D
閱讀新題型
1-3 C A B
Thomas Alva Edison was a man of wonderful ability who
had the good luck to be born at a good time. In the period
just after the American Civil War the United States was
growing conditions were right for the talents of a man like
Edison.
The Edison family had come to the United States from Holland
in the early part of the l8th century． Thomas Alva the
youngest of Samuel』s seven children was born in 1847.
Thomas was an unusually curious child． Even at an early age
he loved to read and make experiments． Because he was so
dreamy and quiet a teacher once accused him of being stupid．
Thomas』s mother was so displeased by this remark that she took
her son out of school and never sent him back. She took charge
of his ecation herself and taught him reading history
science and philosophy． Edison was a very quick reader and he
remembered everything． Once he got the idea of starting at the
first shelf of a large library and reading everything in it．
But after reading through fifteen feet of books he gave up
this ambition.
In order to earn money for books and for his scientific
experiments Thomas sold vegetables from the family garden.
This work did not bring in enough money and so he began to
sell newspapers and candy on a train that ran between Port
HuronMichigan and Detroit． Because people were so eager for
the latest news about the CiviI War which was then at its
height Thomas decided in February 1862 when he was fifteen
years old to print a newspaper of his own the Weekly Herald,
in a baggage car of the train where he worked．In four years he
earned two thousand dollars from thisbusiness.
While he worked on the train young Edison continued to
experiment setting up a laboratory in the baggage car. One day
a stick of phosphorus feIl to the floor and set thecar on
fire． The conctor of the train as so angry that he threw Tom
and all his equipment off the train at the next station； he
also struck Tom causing a permanent injury which later made
him deaf in the right ear.
One day not long after he had started his newspaper, EdiSon
saw a child playing on the tracks in front of a train. He
jumped off the station platform and snatched the child from
the wheels of the train. The father who happened to be the
stationmaster was so grateful that he offered to teach Tom to
become a telegraph operator．He gave him lessons four days a
week after the station had closed for the nightand in three
weeks Edison was a better telegrapher than his teacher.
Edison was sober and independent for his age, but hen was
restless and very careless in his dress． He began to wander
from city to city and from job to job． Because his ideas were
too strange to please the men who hired him,they often asked
him to leave． During this time, he worked in Indianapolis,
Cincinnati, Memphis, and Louisville．
Edison went to Boston's where he had been promised work as
adegraph operator, mainly because of the neat handwriting in
his letter of application, When heappeared in that city, he
looked so untidy and strange that the superintendent asked him
to return later in the day to take a test in telegraphy, with
ihe idea of making ihe test so diffcult that the young man
could not possibly pass it, As the rapid message came in,
Edison realized clerks in the station were playing a joke on
him. They had arranged for the new York operator to send him a
message, faster and faster,in an effort to make Edison admit
that he could not write it down at such a rapid pace, But
Edison was not discouraged. He decided to outwit these
fellows, and he began to send a message himself. He said to
the New York operator,「Come on, don』t go to sleep．Get busy!
That ended the joke, and Edison won his job, as weil as the
title of fastest telegraph operator in the Western Union
Company.
In 1869 he borrowed some money and went to New York． During
the first three years he spent there, he nearly died of
starvation. He slept in a room belonging to a company that
sent information on stock prices to the business houses of New
York． One day the machine that printed news about gold
stopped． Six hundred banks and business houses were without
information about what was being bought and sold that day.
Edison succeeded in repairing the machine, and he was then
offered a job as manager for $300 a month． He was soon hard at
work making improvements in the machine and inventing new
parts． His Universal Printer, invented at this time, printed
full information about gold prices, instead of showing them
only by a few letters and numbers． This was his first big
success． GeneraI Marshall Lefferts, president of the Gold and
Stock Telegraph Company, bought this and several other
inventions of Edison's for forty thousand dollars.
Edison then put his new money to work． He opened a factory
in Newark,New Jersey． Soon he had over one hundred and fifty
men building machines to record stock prices, while he himself
continued to work on new ideas. At one time, he had forty-five
separate inventions in his laboratory, including several
important improvements of the telegrilph. He invented a way of
sending two messages at the same time in opposite directions,
and then a way of sending two messages at the same time in the
same direction,In 1874 he invented and sold to Western Union a
system by which four messages could be sent over one wire at
the same time, two in each direction. He also perfected a new
system for sending telegrams. These inventions saved Western
Union milhons of dollars in the cost of wires and telegraph
poles alone.
Western Union then suggested to Edison that he try to
develop a commercially useful telephone, Alexander Graham Bell
had already patented the te1ephone, but Bell's telephone could
be heard only over short distances． Edison added several
improvements, which were adopted, and are still used in the
telephone today． Western Union paid Edison one hundred
thousand dollars for his inventions.
In l876 he built a workshop and laboratory in Menlo Park,
New Jersey． He was known after that as he Wizard of Menlo
Park,because of the wonderful discoveries he made there, He
began to study the attempts of other men to invent an
incandescent electric light． He tried over and over again to
make a soft light that would be suitab1e for use in private
houses． He tested over two thousand materials before
discovering one that would work． He needed something that
would become hot and give off light when electricity passed
through it in a glass container from which the air had been
removed． He spent a hundred thousand dollars searching for the
best material． Men were sent to India, China, Brazil, and
finally, Japan, where a material was finally found.
In Jalluary,1880, the electric light was patented. Edison
then built a factory for the proction of his light in Menlo
Park, and an electric power station in New York City. But it
was fourteen years before the public really accepted the
electric light． After that, the electric light business grew
So great that Edison was able to sell his share in the
electric light for more than one million dollars.
Edison patented over one thousand separate inventions ring
his life, He never stopped trying to learn more about science
and what it could do for man, His discoveries probably
increased the wealth of the world more than those of any other
single man in history.
On October l8,1931,Edison died at the age of eighiy-four at
his home in Orange, New Jersey． Several days later, the whole
United States turned off its electric lights for one minute,
in honor of the man whose discoveries had so changed and
improved the life of people everywhere.
托馬斯.阿爾法.愛迪生是一位誕生在好時代里的天才人物。
南北戰爭以後,美國正在成長壯大,各種條件對於象愛迪生這樣有天才的人都是有利的。
愛迪生一家人在十八世紀早期從荷蘭來到美國。托馬斯·阿爾法生於1847年,是撒繆爾的七個孩子中最小的一個。
托馬斯是一個好奇心特強的孩子。即使還在幼年時代,他就愛讀書和做實驗。因為
他如此愛好空想和不聲不響,以致一位老師有一次罵他愚蠢。托馬斯的母親對這個評語很不高興,她令孩子退學不再返校。母親自己照管孩子的教育,教他閱讀,教他歷史、科學和哲學等。愛迪生讀起書來,領會得快,而且過目不忘。有一次他異想天開,要從一所大圖書館的第一個書架看起,看完書架上每一本書。但在看完了書架上十五英尺厚的書籍後,他放棄了這個野心。
為了掙錢買書和搞科學實驗,托馬斯就出售他家菜園中的蔬菜。這工作掙不到足夠的錢,所以他就開始在一列專跑休倫港、密執安和底特律的火車上賣報紙和糖果。因為人們在南北戰爭的高潮中急於了解戰爭的新情況,托馬斯在1862年2月間,他十五歲時,決定在他所工作的火車行李車上印刷他自己的報紙《先驅周報》。四年之間他從這張報紙上賺了二千美元。
年輕的愛迪生在火車上工作時繼續搞實驗,在行李車上建立了一間實驗室。有一天
一根磷棒掉在地板上使這節車廂著火。列車長十分生氣,在下一個車站把湯姆和他的所有實
驗設備都扔下了火車,還揍了湯姆一頓,造成永久性傷害,使愛迪生右耳聾了。
愛迪生在開辦他的報紙後不久,有一天望見一個小孩在火車前面的鐵軌上玩耍。他急忙從站台上跳下把小孩從火車輪子下搶救出來。這孩子的父親正好是站長,他很感激,主動
提出要教會湯姆成為電報員。他在車站夜晚關門後,每周給他上四次課,三個星期之後愛迪生 便成為比他老師更好的電報員了。
就他的年齡來說,愛迪生很穩重,有獨立性,但他見異思遷,而且對於衣著很不注意。 他開始從一個城市漫遊到另一個城市,從一個
職業換到另一個職業。因為他的想法太離奇,
不能使僱用他的人滿意,僱主們常常叫他卷鋪蓋走路。在這段時間里,他在印地安納波利斯,辛辛那提,孟菲斯和路易斯維爾等城市都工作過。
愛迪生去到了波士頓,在那裡有人答應給他電報員的工作,主要因為他的求職信中字跡寫得工整。當他在波士頓露面時,他是如此的衣冠不整,怪里怪氣,以致主管人叫他當天晚些時候去參加電報技術的考試,目的是要故意出難題,使這位青年考不及格。當電報迅速拍進來時,愛迪生意識到電報局的職工們是在和他開玩笑。他們已經和紐約市的電報員安排好,給愛迪生拍一份電報來,越拍越快,企圖迫使愛迪生承認他抄不下這么快的電報。但愛迪生沒有泄氣。他決心以智取勝,於是他開始自己拍出一份電報。他對紐約市的電報員說：「來吧,別去睡覺,使勁吧！」這就結束了這場玩笑,愛迪生也贏得了他的職位,同時還贏得了西聯電訊公司最快電報員的稱號。
1869年愛迪生借了些錢去到紐約,他在紐約的頭三年裡,幾乎餓死。他睡在一家公司的一間房子里,這公司專給紐約各商行提供股票行情。一天,那台印刷黃金行情的機器不動了。六百家銀行和商行都收不到關於那天買進賣出的商情,愛迪生把這機器修好了,因此人家給了他一個經理的職位,月薪三百美元。他很
快地就努力改進這台機器,並且還發明了許多新部件。他當時發明的萬能印刷機印出了關於金價的全部情報,而不只是以少數字母和數字來顯示行情。這是他第一個巨大的成功,金價和股票電報公司的經理馬歇爾。萊費茲將軍出資四萬美元把這台機器和愛迪生的其他幾項發明買了下來。
愛迪生就拿這新到手的錢做生意。他在新澤西州紐阿克市開了一家工廠。很快地他就雇了一百五十人製造紀錄股票行情的機器了,而他自己則繼續試驗他的一些新想法。有一段時間在他實驗室里共有四十五個不同的發明項目,包括幾項對於電報機的重要改進。他想出了一種方法,可從兩個相反方向同時各拍出一份電報,隨後又想出一種方法,可從一個方向同時拍兩份電報。1874年他發明並售給西聯電訊公司一種裝置,用了它可以在一根電線上拍發四份電報,即從每一方向可同時拍發兩份電報。他還改進了一種拍電報的新方法。使之趨於完善。這些發明,僅在電線和電線竿的成本上就為西聯電訊公司節約了幾百萬美元。
西聯電訊公司又向愛迪生建議：叫他試制一部商用電話,亞歷山大.貝爾已經取得了電話機的專利,但貝爾的電話譏只能在短距
離內聽見。愛迪生增大了幾項改進,被採用了,這些改進直到今天仍然應用在電話上。西聯電訊公司為他的幾項發明付給愛迪生十萬美元。
1876年,愛迪生在新澤西州門洛園建造了一個車間和實驗室,由於他在那裡搞出了許多奇妙的發明,以後他被人們稱為「洛園的巫師」。他開始研究別人為發明白熱電燈所作的嘗試。他一次再一次地試制一種適子家用的柔光燈。在找到,種合用的材料之前,他竟試驗了兩千種以上的材料。他需要某種可放在抽去空氣的玻璃容器內,通過電流後能變熱並發出光來的材料。他花了十萬美元尋找最好的材料。他派人去印度、中國、巴西,最後終於在日本找到了。
在1880年1月,他取得了電燈專利權。愛迪生在門洛園建造了一家生產電燈的工廠,並在紐約市建成了一座發電站。但是直到過十四年公眾才真正接受他的電燈。在那以後,電燈業發展得規模如此之大。以致愛迪生出售他的電燈股票時,竟得了一百多萬美元。
愛迪生一生中得到一千多種發明項
國的專利為了學習更多的科學並使科學為人類服務,他永不停息。他的各種發明為世界增加的財富可能比歷史上任何一個人都多。
1931年10月18月,愛迪生在新澤西州奧蘭奇城的家中去世,終年八十四歲。幾天後全美國都停電一分鍾以紀念這個以他的發明大大改變並改善了各地人民生活的人。
㈦ 急求~初中的英語閱讀理解~
.At the Barber's Shop(理發店)
Jack went to a barber's shop and had his hair cut, but when he came out, he
was not happy with the result(結果). When his friend Bob saw him, he laughed
and said, "What has happened to your hair,Jack?"
Jack said, "I tried a new barber's shop today, because I wasn't quite satisfied
with my old one, but this one seems even worse."
Bob agreed(同意). "Yes, I think you're right, Jack. Now I'll tell you what
to do when you go into a barber's shop next time: look at all the barber's hair,
find out whose hair looks worst, and then go straight to him."
"Why shall I go to him?" Jack asked. "But that would be foolish!"
"Oh, no, it wouldn't," answered Bob. "Who cut that man's hair? Just think
it. He couldn't cut it himself, could he? Another of the barbers cut it. So
you know he can't be the worst barber."
1. When Jack went out of the barber's shop, he was not happy because ____.
A. nobody had cut his hair
B. the barber hadn't cut his hair well
C. the barber had cut his hair carefully
D. he was not satisfied with his old barber
#B
2. "I tried a new barber's shop today." means ____.
A. this barber's shop was a new one
B. this was the only barber's shop in this town
C. Jack often went to this barber's shop
D. Jack had not been to this barber's shop before
#D
3. After Jack had his hair cut, he thought ____.
A. the new barber's shop was the best one
B. the old barber's shop wasn't so good as the new one
C. the new barber's shop was worse than the old one
D. the old barber's shop was the worst one
#C
4. Bob told Jack to find out which barber's hair looked the worst and then go straight to him. Why?
A. Because he was certainly the best barber.
B. Because he was free all the time.
C. Because he was the worst barber.
D. Because he wasn't the worst barber.
#D
5. From the story we know that ____.
A. it's foolish to have one's hair cut at a barber's shop
B. barbers cut each other's hair
C. barbers never have their hair cut
D. a barber always cuts his hair by himself
#B
㈧ 初中英語閱讀理解。有圖，求答案和翻譯，一定要翻譯哦
疑問如下
Dick出生在一個農民的家裡。當他夠年紀去上學的時候，他爸爸送他去他家附近的學校。但是Dick喜歡玩而且不擅長上課。更糟糕的是，他經常引起很多麻煩以至於老師經常來找他爸爸談話。當他長大了，他不想做農民。他離開了貧困的村莊來到了城市。
在火車上，他認識了叫做Jim的年輕人。他們很快成了好朋友。他們在城裡找不到工作。他們不得不在早上開始挨戶乞討而且在晚上睡在公園的椅子上。那時候天氣暖和而且他們總覺得日子很快了。
但是一天晚上 公園旁邊的店鋪被偷了。警察馬上到了那裡。他們把注意力集中在公園里的兩個年輕身上而且把他們帶到了警察局
「你們住在哪裡 年輕人？」一個警察問「我住在任何地方，先生。」Dick回答「田地里，山坡上，公園里。。。」
警察停下來轉向Jim「你住在哪裡？」
「我們是鄰居」Jim回答「我就住在他隔壁」
答案如下
6. C 因為經常惹麻煩而且不擅長上課
7. D 因為說他不想當農民
8. A 因為別的答案都沒根據
9. B 因為是晚上被偷 而且他們晚上在公園里睡覺
10. B; B和C感覺都可以·但是我覺得Dick回答了以後經常就轉去問Jim 可能覺得他撒謊而且生氣 所以B的可能性高
㈨ 初中英語閱讀理解的技巧和方法
初中英語閱讀理解的技巧和方法如下：
一、解題思路
(一)先讀問題，弄清考查要點，以便能帶著問題看文章，這樣會心中有數，有的放矢。
(二)快速瀏覽全文，掌握全貌，注意發現與問題有關的信息，如果時間緊，至少要掃視一下起首段和尾段。再把標題和文章內容結合起來想一想，這樣全文大意便清楚了。此時，不要忙於答題。
(三)細讀原文，捕捉相關信息詞，掌握短文細節內容。
二、解題注意事項
1. 抓住四個"W"和一個"H"，就是邊讀邊用鉛筆做些標記，把What (事件)，When(時間)，Where(地點)，Why(原因)，How(經過)劃出來。抓住了四個「W」和一個「H」，就抓住了文章的全貌，一些直接性的問題便可解決。
2.抓住連接詞及起關鍵作用的副詞、代詞、介詞、插入語等。因為這些詞具有因果，讓步，遞進，轉折，指代，列舉及承上啟下等各種連接上下文的特殊功能。
這對考生分清文章層次，辨明各種關系，了解人物心理，推斷作者意圖，進行邏輯推理等手段來分析難點，都具有舉足輕重的作用。
3. 注意領會文章的寓意。
4.根據題意，初選答案。這一步須仔細審題，領會測試要求，確定解題方法。對那些明顯的，有把握的題可以斷然確定，不必把其餘三個答案再作推敲而浪費時間：有些略難的題，應再查閱短文(不是重讀一遍)，迅速找出依據，予以排除。常用的解題方法有如下幾種：
① 直接解題法。即從原文中直接找出答案。
② 歸納解題法。對於不能從原文中直接找出答案的可在把握全文中心和線索的前題下進行概括、歸納得出正確答案。
③ 綜合推理法。讀者需統觀全文，認真分析，綜合推理及至計算，最後歸納出正確答案。
題干中有"suggest, conclude, conclusion, probably, reason, because, according to「等字眼時，屬於推斷概括型，考查內容著眼於全篇，考生應具備一定的分析歸納，推理等邏輯思維能力。
④ 捕捉關鍵詞。在閱讀時應該注意與問題相關的同義詞，近義詞，反義詞或同位詞等信息詞來得出正確答案。
⑤ 轉換解題法。即原文這么說，而在問題和所給選項中則用另外的詞去轉換一種說法，但仍表示同一含義。
⑥ 排除法。根據語言，句法結構，信息詞和常識，在沒有把握的選項中用排除法得出正確答案。
(四)重讀原文，仔細斟酌核對答案。在解完最後一道題後，如果時間允許，再將原文讀一遍;用全文的主題思想統率各思考題，研究其內在聯系和邏輯關系，目的在於對所做答案進一步審查，推出未解答的題，以便減少失誤。