英語閱讀課件猜詞

㈠ 猜詞法在英語閱讀理解中的運用

猜詞法在英語閱讀理解中的運用有：舉例法、情景法、構詞法。

1、舉例法。

有些生詞的後面，會列舉一些實例。此外，如果還有一些對比作為補充的話，就比較容易推斷出這個生詞的意思。例：Some trains carries cargo、such as rice、oil and military supplies（軍用物資）、while others carries only passengers.

解析：cargo對大多考生來說，都是一個生詞。如果根據後面表示舉例的短語such as，以及所列舉的一系列貨物，而且，句中有一個while表對比，說明cargo和passengers是對應關系。因此可以猜測出cargo的意思應該是「貨物」。

解析：可以運用構詞法猜測出unwisely的意思。wise是學過的詞，意思是「明智的」，加上後綴ly變成副詞wisely，「明智地」，再加上否定前綴un構成其反義詞unwisely，「不明智地」。同時，通過while，知道judiciously和unwisely是一對反義詞，從而可以利用反義詞法，進一步猜測出judiciously的意思為「明智地」。

㈡ 英語閱讀猜詞技巧

英語閱讀猜詞技巧

做英語閱讀的過程中，遇到不懂的單詞我們有時候會猜詞義，下面我給大家介紹英語閱讀猜詞技巧，一起來學習吧!

1.構詞法猜詞

在閱讀中我們常會遇到一些由熟悉的單詞派生或合成的新詞。掌握構詞法對猜詞義和背單詞都很有幫助。如wheelchair，wheel是輪子的意思，chair則是椅子。顯而易見，有輪子的椅子就是輪椅了。

2.利用同義近義詞猜詞

在生詞所出現的上下文中，有時會出現與之同義或近義的詞語或結構，這時可從熟悉的詞語中推知生詞的含義。生詞前後的句子一般會出現並列連詞and或or時，不妨通過其上下文的單詞推測出大概的詞義。

3.利用反義詞猜詞

對比是議論文中常用於描述事物的方法。在對比中，我們可根據反義或對比關系從已知推出未知。如反義詞cleverand stupid, internal and external，有時句內詞與詞之間，段內句與句之間的`關繫上起著互為線索的作用。

4.利用上下文語境猜詞

這是閱讀文章最常用的技巧，也是高考考查的熱點之一。因為句子在全文內容中不是孤立的，我們可以根據上下文提供的情景和線索進行合理分析，推測詞義。在此建議蜂友們在閱讀文章時要適當畫出重點詞句，了解文章大概內容，能快速找出答題線索喔。

5.利用定義和解釋猜詞

科學說明文會較多出現專有名詞，看似困難，實際不難。因為下文通常會以破折號，同位語，定語從句等對關鍵詞進行解釋。

6.利用例證猜詞

為了說明或證實，文章中經常會舉例說明前面生詞，這些例子可幫助我們猜測生詞。舉例時，常用的一些短語，如：suchas，like，for example，for instance等。

7.根據語義轉折猜詞

我們可以根據轉折意思猜測詞義。如：though，although，still，but，yet，instead，instead of，however，while，on the contrary，on the other hand，unlike，rather than，for one thing，for another等。

8．利用經驗和常識猜詞

在記敘文中可以利用日常經驗推出詞義，例如：To his great surprise, she pulledthe perfect pearl from her purse.

主要通過分析後半句，她從purse中拿出完美無瑕的珍珠。一位女士會從哪裡中拿出這么珍貴的東西呢？由此推斷該句中purse是手提包的意思。

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㈢ 英語閱讀理解解題技巧：猜詞

1 通過因果關系猜詞

通過因果關系猜詞，首先是找出生詞與上下文之間的邏輯關系，然後才能猜詞。有時文章藉助關或掘判聯詞表示前因後果。例如：

You shouldn』t have blamed him for that，for it wasn』t his fault.通過for引出的句子所表示的原因，可猜出blame的詞義是"責備"。

2.通過同義詞和反義詞的關系猜詞

通過同義詞猜詞，一是要看由and或or連接的同義詞片語，如happy and *，即使我們不認識*這個詞，也可以知道它是愉快的意思;二是看在進一步解釋的過程中使用的同義詞，如Man has known something about the planets Venus，Mars，and Jupiter with the help of spaceships.此句中的Venus、Mars、Jupiter均為生詞，但只要知道planets就可猜出這幾個詞都屬於"行星"這一義域。通過反義詞猜詞，一是看錶轉折關系的連詞或副詞，如but，while，however等;二是看與not搭配的或表示否定意義的詞語，如：He is so homely，not at all as handsome as his brother.根據not at all...handsome我們不難推測出homely的意思，即不英俊、不漂亮的意思。

3.通衫改過構詞法猜詞

在閱讀文章時，我們總會遇上一些新詞彙，有時很難根據上下文來推斷其詞意，而它們對文章的理解又有著舉足輕重的作用，此時，如掌握了一些常用的詞根、前綴、後綴等語法知識，這些問題便不難解決了。

4.通過定義或釋義關系來推測詞義

例如：But sometimes，no rain falls for a long，long time.Then there is a dry period，or drought.

從drought所在句子的上文我們得知很久不下雨，於是便有一段乾旱的時期，即drought，由此可見drought意思為"久旱"，"旱災"。而a dry period和drought是同義語。這種同義或釋義關系常由is，or，that is，in other words，be called或破折號等來表示。

5.通過句法功能來推測詞義

例如：Bananas，oranges，pineapples，coconuts and some other kind of fruit grow in warm areas.假如pineapples和coconuts是生詞，我們可以從這兩個詞在句中所處的位置來判斷它們大致的意思。從句中不難看出pineapples，coconuts和bananas，oranges是同類關系，同屬fruit類，因此它們是兩樣水果，准確地說，是菠蘿和椰子。

6.通過描述猜詞

描述即作者為幫助讀者更深更感性地了解某人或某物而對該人或該物作出的外在相貌或內在特徵的描寫。例如：The penguin is a kind of sea bird living in the South Pole.It is fat and walks in a funny way.Although it cannot fly，it can swim in the icy water to catch the fish.從例句的描述中可以得知penguin是一種生活在南極的鳥類。後面更散棗詳盡地描述了該鳥類的生活習性。

㈣ 高考英語閱讀理解九大猜詞技巧

高考英語閱讀理解九大猜詞技巧

馬上就要高考了，我整理了一些比較有針對性的高考英語復習技巧資料給大家參考，希望可以幫助同學們提高自身綜合英語能力，戰勝高考。

高考英語閱讀理解九大猜詞技巧

一、利用定義或解釋(definition or explanation)

Signal words: means, refers to, be called, beknown as ,can be defined as, in other words,that is, that is to say, 定語從句…..etc.

舉例：

Pruning is important because it encourages thegrowth of tender shoots(嫩芽), or young leaves oftrees.(B)

The word "pruning" means______

A. Regular cutting(修剪) of the plants

B. Frequent watering

C. Regular use of chemicals

D. Growing the plants high in the mountain

二、利用普通常識和經驗(common sense or experience)

舉例：

1. In fact, only about 80 ocelots, an endangered wild cat, exist in the U.S. today.

"ocelot" means _________________(an endangered wild cat)

2.The period of adolescence, the period between childhood and althood ,may be long orshort.

"adolescence" means___________(The period between childhood and althood)

三、利用同義/同位語(similarity/appositive)

Signal words：for example ，for instance，such as ，like，as---as，etc.

舉例：

The largest player – Shanghai Bashi Tourism Car Center offers a wide variety of choices,such as deluxe sedans, minivans, station wagons, coaches. Santana sedans are the big favoriteof the tourists. (C)

The words "deluxe sedans," "minivans" and "station wagons" used in the text refer to ____.

A. cars in the making B. car rental firms C. cars for rent D. car makers

四、利用舉例(from examples)

Signal words: as, like, the same as，unlike,but，however, on the contrary, while,instead…ect.

舉例：

1. The snow was falling.Big flakes drifted(飄)with the wind like feathers.

2. Unlike her gregarious sister, Jane is a shyperson who does not like to go to parties or makenew friends.

五、利用比較或對比(comparison or contrast)

(1)Overwork may cause diseases.

over(過分的、過量的)+work=overwork“工作過度”。

(2)There was a dissatisfied look in the manager's eyes.

dis “不” + satisfied“滿意的=dissatisfied “不滿意的”。

六、利用構詞法(Word formation)：前綴、後綴、復合、派生等

舉例：

1. Is he intelligent or stupid?

2. Most women in Ghana--- the ecated and illiterate, the urban and rural, the youngand old--- work to earn an income in addition to maintaining their roles as housewives andmothers. Their reputation for economic independence, self-reliance, and hard work is wellknown and well deserved.(C)

The underlined word "illiterate" in the passage means ____.

A. Repeated B. reiterated. C. unecated D. sick

七、利用同義詞或反義詞(Synonym or Antonym)

舉例：

Signal words:because，since ,so, such......that,so......that, ect

I feel that since you are my superior(上司), it would be presumptuous of me to tell youwhat to do .(B)

The word "presumptuous" is closest in meaning to "____" .

A.full of respect B. rude and too confident

C.lacking in experience D.too shy and quiet

八、利用原因與結果關系猜詞(from Cause and Result)

The official asked the man what his occupation was. The man told him that he worked asan engineer.(A)

A. work B. study C. name D. interest

九、利用上下文的`語境(context or related information)

更多練習：

1. A good teacher works in quite a different way.His audience take an active part in his play: they askand answer questions, they obey orders, and if theydon't understand something, they say so.

The word "audience" in the paragraph means____.

A. students

B. people who watch a play

C. people who act on the stage

D. people who listen to something

答案：A

解題關鍵：常識 teacher-----students

2. When some kind of pain killer(止痛葯) was brought out recently, researchers found thatthe colours turned the customers off because they made the proct look weak andineffective(無效的).

㈤ 英語閱讀中的猜詞技巧

英語閱讀中的猜詞技巧

在英語閱讀中，我們自然會遇到許多生詞。下面是我分享的英語閱讀中的猜詞技巧，歡迎大家閱讀！

一、針對性解釋

針對性解釋是作者為了更好地表達思想，在文章中對一些重要的概念、難懂的術語或詞彙等所作的解釋。這些解釋提供的信息具有明確的針對性，利用它們猜詞義比較容易。

1.根據定義猜測詞義

如果生詞是句子或段落所解釋的定義，理解句子或段落本身就是推斷詞義。例如：

Anthropology is the scientific study of man.

由定義可知，anthropology就是「研究人類的科學」。

In slang the term 「jam」 constitutes a state of being in which a person finds himself or herself in a difficult situation.

同樣，從上下文的定義可知jam一詞在俚語中的意思是「困境」。

定義句的謂語動詞多為：be，mean，deal with，be considered，to be，refer to，be called，be known as，define，represent，signify，constitute等。

2.根據復述猜測詞義

雖然復述不如定義那樣嚴謹、詳細，但是提供的`信息足以使閱讀者猜出生詞詞義。復述部分可以是適當詞、短語或是從句。

同位語，例如：

Semantics，the study of the meaning of words，is necessary if you are to speak and read intelligently.

此例逗號中短語意為「對詞意義進行研究的學科」。該短語與前面生詞semantics是同位關系，因此我們不難猜出semantics指「語義學」。

在復述中構成同位關系的兩部分之間多用逗號連接，有時也使用破折號、冒號、分號、引號和括弧等。

二、內在邏輯關系

根據內在邏輯關系推測詞義是指運用語言知識分析和判斷相關信息之間存在的邏輯關系，然後根據邏輯關系推斷生詞詞義或大致義域。

1.根據對比關系猜測詞義

在一個句子或段落中，有對兩個事物或現象進行對比性的描述，我們可以根據生詞或難詞的反義詞猜測其詞義。例如：

Andrew is one of the most supercilious men I know.His brother，in contrast，is quite humble and modest.

該例中supercilious對許多人來說可能是個生詞，但是句中短語in contrast（相對照的，相對比的）提示我們supercilious和後面片語humble and modest（謙卑又謙虛）是對比關系。分析出這種關系後，我們便能猜出supercilious意為「目空一切的，傲慢的」。

2.根據比較關系猜測詞義

同對比關系相反，比較關系表示意義上的相似關系，例如：

Green loves to talk，and his brothers are similarly loquacious.

該句中副詞similarly表明短語loves to talk與生詞loquacious之間的比較關系，以此可以推斷出loquacious詞義為「健談的」。

表示比較關系的詞和短語主要是similarly，like，just as，also等。

3.根據因果關系猜測詞義

在句子或段落中，若兩個事物、現象之間構成因果關系，我們可以根據這種邏輯關系推知生詞詞義。例如：

Tom is considered an autocratic administrator because he makes decisions without seeking the opinions of others.

根據原因狀語從句的內容，我們可以推斷出生詞autocratic指「獨斷專行的」。

There were so many demonstrort in the Red Square that he had to elbow his way through the crowd.

此句為結果狀語從句，根據從句的描述「許多者」，我們便可推知elbow的詞義為「擠、擠過」。

三、外部相關因素

外部相關因素是指篇章（句子或段落）以外的其他知識。有時僅靠分析篇章內在邏輯關系無法猜出詞義。這時，就需要運用生活經驗和普通常識確定詞義。例如：

Husband ：It』s really cold out tonight.

Wife：Sure it is.My hands are practically numb.How about lighting the furnace?

根據生活經驗，天氣寒冷時，手肯定是「凍僵的，凍得麻木的」。

The snake slithered through the grass.

根據有關蛇的生活習性的知識，我們可以推斷出slither詞義為「爬行」。

綜上所述，利用各種已知信息推測、判斷詞義是一項重要的閱讀技巧。在實踐中，我們可以靈活運用上面提到的幾種猜測技巧，排除生詞的障礙，順利理解文章想內容，提高閱讀速度和閱讀的准確性。

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㈥ 高考英語閱讀理解的猜詞題之短語類

學生做英語閱讀時往往很怕遇到生詞。但遇到生詞又是很普遍的，第一是有些文章的主題就是介紹新事物，而這個新事物是學生未曾接觸過的，自然感到陌生；第二是學生平時掌握的基本是熟詞熟義，而有些文章涉及到了熟詞生義；第三是學生在背高考范圍內的3500詞時掌握不夠扎實。

生詞如此普遍，高考英語也有對應的猜詞題。那麼，就要考慮如何通過各種技巧來攻克猜詞題，甚至把這些猜詞技巧推廣到其它生詞。

猜詞題可以劃分為兩大類，實詞和虛詞。實詞包含幾個小類，分別是單詞、短語、句子（短句為主）。虛詞通常為代詞。

本文主要介紹短語類。

如下：

What does the underlined phrase「tug at the heartstrings」in paragraph 2 mean ?

A. Encourage team work .

B. Appeal to feeling.

C. Promote good deeds.

D. Provide advice.

題干問的是第2段中tug at the heartstrings這個短語的含義。對應原文第2段

I guess that there's probably some demanding work schele, or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport. She may just need a little persuading. So I try again and tug at the heartstrings. I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren』t even on … At this point the unwilling parent speaks up,「Alright. Yes, I』ll do it.」

由原文可知作者試圖去勸說一位女性家長。「她可能僅需要一點勸說，所以我又試了一下，並tug at the hearstrings。」後文提到作者的話術是講了其他家長的案例，這更多屬於訴諸情感。因此選項B比較符合。

如果考生仍覺得不是很有把握，也可以考慮用反向推導。這段話是作者給一位家長講其他家長的案例，並不涉及A選項的鼓勵團隊合作，也不涉及C選項的促進善行，也不涉及D選項的提供建議。

考生亦可以通過字面含義來推導。hearstrings字面義是心靈繩索。這也是偏向於感性，與B選項更為

如下：

What do the underlined words "taking on" in paragraph 4 mean?

A. learning from

B. looking down on

C. working with

D. competing against

題干問的是第4段的taking on的含義。原文第4段如下：

"China is impossible to overlook," says Hill. "Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion — they are central to its movement. "Of course, only are today's top Western designers being influenced by China-some of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese." Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking on Galiano, Albaz, Marc Jacobs-and beating them hands down in design and sales," adds Hil.

原文提到中國女性對世界時尚潮流的影響力。原文出現了beating them hands down in design and sales說明是前者打敗了後者，因此這是在描述時尚競爭，D選項competing against符合文意。

如下：

What does the underlined phrase 「the water catcher」 in paragraph 2 refer to?

A. The tube.                         

B. The still.

C. The hole.                         

D. The cup.

題干問的是第2段的the water catcher的含義。原文第1、2段如下：

A build-it-yourself solar still（蒸餾器） is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available. Developed by two doctors in the U.S. Department of Agriculture, it』s an excellent water collector. Unfortunately, you must carry the necessary equipment with you, since it』s all but impossible to find natural substitutes. The only components required, though, are a 5＇ 5＇ sheet of clear or slightly milky plastic, six feet of plastic tube, and a container— perhaps just a drinking cup — to catch the water. These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt.

    To construct a working still, use a sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet across and three feet deep. Try to make the hole in a damp area to increase the water catcher』s proctivity. Place your cup in the deepest part of the hole. Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up — and out — the side of the hole.

原文講的是一種自助式蒸餾器的製作，這種蒸餾器能夠在乾旱缺少地區集水。因此water catcher其實指的就是這種能「捕捉水」的集水器，即這個蒸餾器，因此B選項符合。

大家可以在留言區寫下答案哦！

2016年普通高等學校招生全國統一考試3卷C篇第10題如下：

What does the underlined phrase 「a pipe dream」 in Paragraph 3 mean?

A. A practical idea. 

B. A vain hope.

C. A brilliant plan. 

D. A selfish desire.

原文第3段如下：

There are also varieties developed to suit specific local conditions. One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette, but you'll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it, so it's a pipe dream for most apple lovers who fall for it.

㈦ 2020高考英語閱讀理解猜題技巧

2020高考英語晌友閱讀理解猜題技巧

俗話說，得閱讀者得高考!猜詞題是閱讀理解中相對簡單的一種題型。根據多年的高考英語教學經驗，我將猜詞題的類型進行了具體的分類，下面是我特意為大家整理了關於2020高考英語閱讀理解猜題技巧的相關材料，希望對您的工作和生活有幫助。

1.構詞法;2.同義詞;3.反義詞;4.上下文;

5.釋義法;6.因果題;7.代詞題;8.常識題

下面我來舉例說明。

1.構詞法:前綴、後綴、復合、派生等

Car rentals are becoming more and more popular as an inexpensive way of taking to the road.

Q: The underlined word “inexpensive” means _______.

A.cheap B.happy C.good D.painful

解析:劃線單詞inexpensive是一個派生詞，由否定前綴in和單詞expensive(昂搜缺貴的)構成，意思是“不昂貴的”，故選A (便宜的)。

2.同義詞(列舉法)

Signal words:for example, for instance, such as, like，as---as, etc.

Collins decided that she must go, although the hazards of the trip were many, for example, the unbearable heat, the possibility of getting lost, the presence of wild animals and poisonous snakes.

Q: The underlined word "hazard" means ___________________

A. pleasure B. problem C. danger D. attraction

解析:根據劃線詞hazard後面的舉例，“無法忍受的炎熱，可能迷路，野生動物和毒蛇的出現”世謹辯，這些都屬於“危險的事情”(danger)，故選C。

3.反義詞

轉折詞:though, although, still, but, yet, instead, instead of, however, while, on the contrary, on the other hand, unlike, rather than, for one thing, for another等

Achild's birthday party doesn't have to be a hassle; instead, it can be a basket of fun, according to Beth Anaclerio, an Evaston mother of two, ages 4 and 18 months.

Q: What does the underlined word "hassle" probably mean?

A. a party designed by specialists B. a plan requiring careful thought

C. a situation causing difficulty or trouble D. a demand made by guests

解析:根據劃線詞hassle後的轉折詞instead(相反)，可以推斷出hassle是與a basket of fun(一筐樂趣)意思相反。故選C (一種導致困難或麻煩的情形)。

4.上下文:利用上下文提供的情景和線索推測

Food Network procer Flay hopes the young cook will find a place on the network television. He says Lieberman’s charisma is key. “Food TV isn’t about food anymore,” says Flay. “It’s about your personality(個性)and finding a way to keep people’s eyeballs on your show.”

Q: What does the word “charisma” underlined in the text refer to?

A. A natural ability to attract others. B. A way to show one’s achievement.

C. Lieberman’s after-class interest. D. Lieberman’s fine cooking skill.

解析:charisma為非考綱詞彙表上單詞，其詞義與下文的“It’s about your personality(個性)and finding a way to keep people’s eyeballs on your show.”有關。故選A(一種天然的吸引他人的能力)。

5.釋義法:使用定語(從句)、表語、同位語、冒號、破折號、分號等解釋說明

信息詞: means, refers to, be called, be known as, can be defined as, in other words, that is, that is to say......

William Shakespeare said. "The web of our life is of a mingled yarn (紗線), good and ill together."

Q: The underlined word "mingled" most probably means?

A.simple B.mixed C.sad D.happy

解析:根據後文的釋義，good and ill together，可以推斷劃線詞mingled的意思是“混合的”(minxed)，故選B。

6.因果題

When some kind of pain killer (止痛葯) was brought out recently, researchers found that the colours turned the customers off because they made the proct look weak and ineffective(無效的).

Q: The underlined part "the colours turned the customers off" means that the colours_______

A.Attracted the customers strongly B.Had weak effects on the customers

C.Tricked the customers into shopping D.Caused the customers to lose interest

解析:根據because後的解釋，“因為他們使產品看起來軟弱和無效”，可以推斷出結果“導致顧客失去興趣”。故選D。

7.代詞題

信息詞:one，it，that，he，him或them等指代上文提到的人或事物。

Demands for pigeon-delivered money stopped as soon as the press reported the story. And even if they start again, Chen holds little hope of catching the criminal. “We have more important things to do,” he said.

Q: The underlined word“they”in the last paragraph refers to____.

A. criminals B. pigeons C. the stolen cars D. demands for money

解析:代詞指代必須符合就近原則，指代最近的上文提到的人或事物。復數代詞they指代復數名詞。故選D

8.常識題

Ifeel that since you are my superior (上司), it would be presumptuous of me to tell you what to do.

Q: The word "presumptuous" is closest in meaning to "____" .

A.full of respect B.rude and too confident

C.lacking in experience D.too shy and quiet

解析:常識題。在Kim看來，因為對方是自己的上司，告訴上司去做什麼，會顯得不禮貌(rude)、自負(too confident)。故選B。

經過分類整理，猜詞題的命題思路就變得非常清晰，了解了命題思路，做題時就有了方向。

當然，要想真正掌握這些策略，還需要大量的訓練實踐，不斷地吸收消化，最後融會貫通。

我是苗爸，“職業化家庭英語啟蒙訓練”推廣人。我會每天分享英語啟蒙和高考英語相關的原創文章。

今天的分享到此結束。我們明天再見!