高考英語閱讀理解精選長句分析
Ⅰ 英語長難句及其分析
英語句子特別長也難記,我們可以分成一小段一小段去記憶
Ⅱ 英語長難句可以幫我解釋下嗎,謝謝
閱讀是英語考試的重中之重,對英語閱讀中的長難句理解是攻克閱讀的有效方法。本文將著重講解高考英語閱讀真題中的長難句,希望提高大家閱讀能力。
長難句解題思路
1. 首先尋找連詞:連詞包含並列連詞,從屬連詞和關系詞,並且依據連詞將長句劃分成短句;
2. 依據五大句型基本結構,判斷短句的句子成分。注意區分謂語動詞和非謂語動詞(現在分詞,動名詞,過去分詞,不定式),明確句子的謂語動詞,剝離定語,狀語,從而確定句子的基本結構。
第1句:時間狀語從句,定語從句
When he returned, the boy was able to describe everything he had seen to the old man.
長句分析:
(1) when 引導的是時間狀語從句;
(2) he had seen: 是一個定語從句,修飾先行詞everything. 由於定語從句缺少賓語,因此省略了關系代詞that。注意:先行詞為不定代詞everything時,關系代詞不可使用Which;
(3) to the old man: 是做動詞describe的賓語補足語;
(4) describe: 描述. Describe something to somebody : 向某人描述某物;
長句翻譯:當他回來時,這個男孩能向老人描述他所看到的一切。
第2句:目的狀語從句,賓語從句
The robot will have to have a certain way to receive the program so that it knows what it is to do.
長句分析:
(1) so that : 引導了一個目的狀語從句,so 前面的句子是主句,that 後面的句子是目的狀語從句;
(2) what 引導的是it knows的賓語從句,充當knows的賓語,it 是指示代詞, 指代的是robot. What在賓語從句中充當do的賓語;
(3) have to : 不得不;勸告或建議時用;表示一定真實或肯定發生;
(4) have a way to do something : 擁有做某事的方法;
長句翻譯:機器人必須有一個特定的方式來接收程序,這樣它才能知道它要做什麼。
第3句:定語從句
The company Jackie chose planned to employ only one person, but more than twenty people applied for the job.
長句分析:
(1) 並列連詞but 鏈接了兩並列句,前面一個句子為復合句;
(2) Jackie chose: 是一個定語從句,用來修飾先行詞company的,由於定語從句中缺少賓語,所以該定語從句省略了關系代詞that/which;
(3) choose: 選擇;選取;挑選;決定;過去式:chose, 過去分詞:chosen;
(4) plan to do something: 計劃做某事;
(5) more than + 數量詞: 超過,多餘,相當於over;
(6) apply for : 提出申請;申請…職位;請求;
長句翻譯:傑基選擇的那家公司只打算僱用一個人,但有二十多個人申請了這份工作。
第4句:定語從句
Around this time, I started playing in a band with a Chinese man who became one of my best friends in Beijing.
長句分析:
(1)who引導了一個定語從句,修飾先行詞a Chinese man;
(2)around : 大約, Around this time的大約這個時候;
(3) start doing something: 開始做某事;
長句翻譯:大約在這個時候,我開始和一個中國人在一個樂隊里演奏,他成了我在北京最好的朋友之一。
第5句:條件狀語從句
I will tell you about it if no water is spilt when you reach here.
長句分析:
(1)主句是I will tell you about it, if 引導條件狀語從句,when引導時間狀語從句;
(2)tell somebody something = tell something to somebody: 告訴某人某事;
(3)spill: 溢出,湧出,蜂擁而出。過去式:spilt/spilled; 過去分詞:spilt/spilled;
現在分詞:spilling
長句翻譯:如果你到這兒時沒有水濺出來,我會告訴你的。
第6句:結果狀語從句
The crocodile noticed that accident, so down he dived, and brought it up in his huge mouth.
長句分析:
(1) so 前後鏈接的兩個句子表示因果關系,前面是因,後面是果;
(2) down he dived : 是將副詞down 提到了主語的前面,用於強調down;
(3) dive: 猛沖;(頭朝下)跳入水中;
(4) bring something up: 養育,撫養,養大;談及;提出;嘔吐;咳出;
長句翻譯:鱷魚注意到了這個意外,於是他潛了下去,用大嘴把它帶上來。
第7句:原因狀語從句,賓語從句,比較狀語從句
Frost thinks kids don`t find the experience of being taught by smart machine as strange as older people because they have grown up in a time of computers and smart phones.
長句分析:
(1)because引導了一個原因狀語從句,前面為主語,後面為從句;
(2)thinks 後面是賓語從句,該賓語從句省略了引導詞that;
(3)as strange as: 引導了比較狀語從句,第一個as 前面是主句,第二個as和後面是從句;
(4)在賓語從句kids don`t find , find 是謂語, the experience of … 是賓語且核心詞是experience, strange是賓語補足語;
(5)Of being taught : being taught 是動名詞的被動語態,做介詞Of的賓語,因為孩子是被智能機器教,因此使用倍動態;
(6)in a time of : 在原因狀語從句中充當grown up的時間狀語。
詞彙語法解析:
(1)find + somebody/something + 形容詞:發現/認為/覺得 某人/某怎麼樣。形容詞為賓語補足語,和賓語somebody/something 構成了復合賓語:
find the book interesting: 覺得這本書很有趣;
(2)動名詞的被動語態:being done
The boy missed being hurt by the car.
這個男孩避免了被車傷到;
(3)grow up: 長大;
(4)in a time of : 在…時期
句子翻譯:
Frost認為孩子們不像老人那樣覺得被智能機器教導的經歷和奇怪,因為他們生長在一個手機和電腦都很普及的時代。
第8句:非限定性定語從句
She and a group friends are using their program skill to create a new app called Food of Thought , which will allow parents, students and even kind-hearted strangers to donate money to lunch accounts for students who are in a nearby school.
長句分析:
(1)首先尋找連詞,關系代詞which引導了一個非限定性定語從句,修飾先行詞Food of Thought . 因此which前面是主句,which後面是從句;
(2)在which引導的定語從句中,who 是關系代詞,引導定語從句修飾先行詞students, 並且在定語從句中做主語;
(3)在which引導的定語從句, which 是主語,allow 是謂語,to donate 是賓語補足語;
(4)在主句中出現三個動詞 using, create, called, 需要區分謂語動詞和非謂語動詞。Using是謂語動詞,to create是動詞不定式做賓語補足語,Called 是過去分詞短語做後置定語,修飾app;
重點詞彙語法解析:
(1)donate: 贈送;獻(血);捐獻(器官);捐款,捐贈;
donation : 名詞形式
donate something to somebody/something : 將…捐獻給某人/某物;
(2)過去分詞短語做後置定語:表示被動
a book written by Moyan :一本由莫言寫的書;
a shopping mall opened last month: 一個上個月開張的購物商場;
(3)allow:允許
allow doing sth (allow to do 不正確)
allow sb to do sth
(4) kind-hearted: 仁慈的;善良的;寬容的;好心的;
(5)account:帳戶;帳目;描述,報告;解釋,說明;
open an account: 開銀行賬戶;
keep detailed account: 記明細賬;
He gave a detailed account of what happen on that night.
他詳細的描述了那天晚上發生的事。
(6)account for :
(a)(數量,比例上)占…
Computer accounts for 5% of expense.
電腦占據開支的5%。
(b)說明,解釋(原因,理由)
I can't account for why it happened.
我不能解釋這件事為什麼發生了。
長句翻譯:
她和一群朋友正在利用他們的程序技巧,開發一款名為「思想食物」的新應用程序,該應用程序將允許家長、學生甚至善良的陌生人向附近學校學生的午餐賬戶捐款。
第9句:時間狀語從句
Bees are now in danger and its number is going down every year largely because of human activity, while a third of the world's food proction depends on this yellow and dark insect and other pollinators .
長句分析:
(1)首先尋找連詞:and, while
(2)while 作為連詞有兩個作用,一是並列連詞,表示轉折,翻譯成「然而」,二是從屬連詞,引導時間狀語從句,翻譯成「當…的時候」。根據題意可知,此時while 為並列連詞;
(3)此長句的前半部分是由and連接的兩個並列句,前半部分主語+系統詞 + 介詞短語構成的主系表結構,後半部分是現在進行時;because of 為介詞短語做原因狀語
重要詞彙語法解析:
(1)in danger :垂危;處於危險中;處於危險之中;
(2)go down :下降;下沉;下降,降低;消退
(3)because of :因為,由於;
(4)proction :生產,產量;
(5)depend on :依靠
it all depends: 看情況
(6) a third :三分之一, two thirds :三分之二:英語中分數由兩部分組成」基數詞 + 序數詞」,當基數詞大於1時,序數詞要使用復數形式;
長句翻譯:蜜蜂現在正處於危險之中,它的數量每年都在下降,這主要是由於人類的活動,而世界上三分之一的糧食產量都依賴於這種黃色和深色的昆蟲和其他授粉者。
第10句:定語從句
In 1767, the British introced new laws that increased the prices of all goods which were brought into America .
長句分析:
(1)首先尋找連詞:that, which
(2)that 引導了定語從句,修飾先行詞laws ,並且that 在定語從句中充當主語的成分;
(3)which 引導了定語從句,修飾先行詞all goods, 並且which 在定語從句中做主語。注意:該定語從句是被動語態,系動詞使用復數形式were, 是因為和先行詞all goods 保持主謂一致;
(4)introce: 介紹, 採納,發起;
長句翻譯:1767年,英國實行了新的法律,提高了所有帶入美國的商品的價格。
第11句:原因狀語從句,賓語從句
As the family have picked up the new lifestyle, they find that they can spend more time talking over meals, playing sports and doing all kinds of activities together.
長句分析:
(1)首先尋找連詞:as, that;
(2)as 放在句首引導原因狀語從句,從句後面是主句;
(3)在主句中,they 是主語,find是謂語動詞,that引導賓語從句,做find的 賓語;
(4)在賓語從句中, can spend是符合謂語,time為賓語, talking, playing, doing 是由三個動名詞構成的並列賓語補足語;
重點詞彙解析:
(1)as可以引導願意狀語從句,翻譯成「因為,由於」,語氣沒有because強烈,是對主句的一個附加說明,主句和從句之間沒有必然的因果關系;
(2)pick up: 學會,養成;
(3)lifestyle: 生活方式;
(4)spend time (in) doing something ;
spend time on something :
花費時間做某事;
(5) all kinds of : 各種各樣的
長句翻譯:隨著這個家庭開始接受新的生活方式,他們發現他們可以花更多的時間邊吃飯邊聊天,一起運動,一起做各種活動。
第12句:原因狀語從句,定語從句
Those who choose to be happy must help others to find happiness , as the happiness of each has something to do with the happiness of all.
長句分析:
(1) 首先尋找連詞:who, as;
(2) as 引導原因狀語從句,as 前面的句子是主句;
(3)在主句中,who引導定語從句,修飾先行詞those, 並且在定語從句中充當主;
(4)Must help 是主句的符合謂語,others 是賓語,to find happiness 是賓語補足語 ;
重點詞彙解析:
(1)choose to do something: 選擇做某事;
(2)help somebody ( to ) do something : 幫助某人做某事,to可以省略;
(3)happiness: 幸福;
(4)have something to do with : 和…有關系;
have nothing to do with: 和…無關系;
長句翻譯:選擇快樂的人必須幫助別人找到幸福,因為每個人的幸福都與所有人的幸福有關。
第13句:賓語從句
A survey made by Nelsen last year showed that kids are using mobile phone even before they got into their teens.
長句分析:
首先找出連詞,有that, before ;
(1)that 引導賓語從句,做動詞showed 的賓語。在此賓語從句中,before 引導時間狀語從句,before前面是that賓語從句的主句;
(2)a survey 是整個復合句的主語,其中 made by Nelsen last year是過去分詞短語做後置定語修飾survey;
重點詞彙解析:
(1)survey : 調查;信息反饋;問卷調查;
(2)get into : 進入;穿上;成癖;陷於......;
(3)teens: 青少年;十多歲;青少年讀物(13到19歲之間)
長句翻譯:尼爾森去年做的一項調查顯示,孩子們甚至在十幾歲之前就開始使用手機。
第14句:強調句型,定語從句
Most of the time, it is not the problem you meet with but your reaction to the problem that creates the mess in your life.
長句分析:
(1)本句是一個強調句型,將it is , that去掉,重新組合句子:
Not the problem you meet with but your reaction to the problem creates the mess in your life.
(2)not ….but, 不是…而是…, 引導並列主語,the problem 和 your action to the problem ; creates 是謂語動詞, the mess是賓語;
(3)you meet with 是一個定語從句修飾先行詞problem,該定語從句省略了關系詞that/which;
重點詞彙語法解析:
(1)強調句型的結構:
It is(was) + 被強調的部分 + that(who) + 其他剩餘部分。
該句型可以用來強調主語,賓語,狀語,但是不可以強調謂語;
(2)強調句型判斷標准:
去掉it is(was), that(who), 句子仍然是一個完整的句子。
(3)not…but…:不是…而是…: 鏈接兩個並列主語時,謂語動詞採用就近原則
Not you but I am wrong.
不是你錯了,而是我錯了。系動詞使用am,依據I 來確定的;
(4)meet with: 遭遇,偶爾遇到;
(5) mess: 臟亂,不整潔,困境;
長句翻譯:大多數時候,造成生活混亂的不是你遇到的問題,而是你對問題的反應。
第15句:賓語從句,讓步狀語從句,時間狀語從句
She says although she always heard about bullying when she was in primary school, she never thought it would happen.
長句分析:
(1)本題是一個復合句,says是復合句的謂語動詞,後面所有的部分都是says的賓語從句;
(2)該賓語從句也是一個復合句,其中although引導了讓步狀語從句,該狀語從句中又包含了when引導了時間狀語從句(3)賓語從句的主句是she never thought it would happen.其中it would happen 也是一個賓語從句,做謂語動詞thought的賓語。
重點詞彙解析:
(1)although 不可以和but連用,但是可以和yet, still 連用;
(2)hear about: 聽說;
(3)bully: 恐嚇;脅迫;傷害;
(4)primary school:小學
長句翻譯:她說雖然她在小學的時候就聽說過欺凌,但她從未想過會發生這種事。
第16句:讓步狀語從句,定語從句
Although happiness is a door that is always open, we are the ones who have to decide if we are going to walk through the door.
長句分析:
(1)although 引導讓步狀語從句;在該從句中that引導了一個定語從句,修習先行詞a door, 並且在定語從句中充當主語的成分;
(2)在主句中,who引導定語從句,修飾先行詞the ones,並且在定語從句中充當主語的成分;
(3)在定語從句who have to decide中,if引導賓語從句,做decide賓語;
長句翻譯:雖然幸福是一扇永遠敞開的門,但我們是決定是否要走進這扇門的人。
第17句:賓語從句,強調句型
He suddenly realized that in the past it was his laziness that made him poor and unhappy
長句分析:
1. Realized是主句的謂語動詞,後面的that是一個賓語從句;
2. That引導的賓語從句是一個強調句型:去掉it wash…that…, 賓語從句的正常語序為his laziness made him poor and unhappy;
重要詞彙語法解析:
1. suddenly :突然;忽然;猛然;驟然;
2. realize: 實現;意識到;領悟;理解;
3. laziness: 懶惰;
4. make + somebody + 形容詞:使某人處於某種狀態。形容詞為賓語somebody的賓語補足語,對賓語進行補充說明
5. 強調句型的結構:
It is(was) + 被強調的部分 + that(who) + 其他剩餘部分。該句型可以用來強調主語,賓語,狀語,但是不可以強調謂語;
6. 強調句型判斷標准:去掉it is(was), that(who), 句子仍然是一個完整的句子。
長句翻譯:他意識到是他的懶惰使他過去貧窮不快樂。x數時候,不是你遇到的問題,而是你對問題的反應造成了你生活中的混亂。
第18句:賓語從句,定語從句,條件狀語從句
The strangers were good at judging if the person they were looking at was tired, and if they were sleepy, their attractiveness score was low.
長句分析:
1. 首先尋找此長句中的連詞:if, and。And前後為句子,因此and 鏈接了兩個並列句;
2. 第一個if引導了賓語從句,充當judging的賓語,If 翻譯成是否。且在此賓語從句中嵌套了一個定語從句they were looking at,該定語從句修飾先行詞the person, 該定語從句缺少賓語,省略了關系詞whom;
3. 第二個if引導的是條件狀語從句,翻譯成「如果」,主句為後面的their attractiveness score was low。
4. 注意:第二個if 並不是引導賓語從句,做judging的賓語。原因如下:如果if是judging的賓語從句,那麼從The strangers到sleepy 是一個句子, 後面的their attractiveness score was low.是另一個句子,兩個獨立的句子之間應該使用並列連詞鏈接。可是此處並沒有連詞,因此第二個If不是judging的賓語從句;
重點詞彙 解析:
1. be good at: 擅長;
2. judge: 判斷;
3. attractiveness:吸引力;魅力;吸引性;
長句翻譯:陌生人善於判斷對方是否累了,如果困了,他們的吸引力得分就很低。
英語資源合集
資源合集: &
歌曲TED: & 演講
電影紀錄片: &
英語教學:
開心英語: &
Ⅲ 怎麼看懂英語長難句
首先,讓我們明白中、英文句子成分擺放位置的差異:
1
、主幹排序完全一樣,都是主
—
謂
—
賓的順序;
2
、定語和狀語的順序幾乎相
反:在漢語里修飾語一律放在被修飾詞前邊,而英語中單個的定語放在主、賓語前修飾,但復雜的修飾語一律放在被修飾詞後面。英語中
的狀語可放在句首、尾或謂語動詞後邊。請記住:嚴格按漢語順序譯出的句子絕大多數都是錯的!
如:
Her English not as my English good, so I often help she..
英語句型結構式
(狀)主語(定)(小狀)謂語(小狀)賓語(定)(狀)
(一)如何快速判斷謂語動詞
1
、分詞前無助動詞通常不是謂語;
2
、主語前的相關動詞不是謂語;
3
、從句中的動詞不是主句謂語。
(二)英語中的復雜修飾成分
①介詞短語
②非謂語動詞短語
③從句
例:一個戴著紅帽子的男孩。
A boy with a red hat .
A boy wearing a red hat
A boy who is wearing a red hat. A letter written in English by president..I found a book which I have been searching for a long time
(三)熟知常用介詞:
1,
表時間的介詞:
at,before,after,since,until,upon,on,from,between,by,in,ring,for, through, within, over ,on . 2,
表地點的:
at, from, between, near,
beside, by, to, next to, behind, in front of, ahead of, before, among beyond ,past. 3,
表工具或媒介:
by the means of, with, through. 4,
表
內容:
,of, as for, with 5.,
表原因:
for, because of, as a result of, owing to, on account of, e to
多個復雜狀語對同一動詞修飾或多個定語對同一名詞修飾,通常都遵守
「
倒序
」
,即從最後一個依次倒回來。如:
1
、
the effect of musical training on the development of human brain is not clear to us now. 2
、
It is a feeling of excitement brought
on by the coming of spring.
(四)如何快速斷句
1
、把句子的介詞短語、非謂語動詞短語、及從句分作為一個整體分開。
2
、將他們放到它們修飾的動詞或名詞
前。
3
、按調整後的順序譯出句子。
快速讀懂句子實例一:
介詞短語開頭的句子,尤其是以逗號隔開的句子,短語後的名詞中心語即為主語。
1
、
In Spain, discipline and respect for the teacher is considered very important.
2
、
From 1904 to 1906,Picasso painted much happier pictures in the colour pink.
According to the law, all foreigners have to register(
登記
) with the local police within two weeks of arrival.
快速讀懂句子實例二:
以非謂語動詞開頭的句子,通常都用逗號隔開,逗號後的人或物即為主語。
1
、
Not knowing which university to attend, the girl asked her teacher for advice.
2
、
Having eaten at the cafeteria before, Tina didn』t want to eat there again.
3
、
To stay warm at night, I would fill the woodstove twice one night.
快速讀懂句子實例三:
句中有兩個逗號隔開的內容,常可去掉此內容來判斷主幹。
1.Tom, with the strength of his fantasy(
童話
),successfully made it through the operation.
2.Unlike real inland seas, which seem strangely still, the Atlantic(
大西洋
) is rich in oceanic liveliness.
3.Nature magazine reported an experiment showing that college students who listened to 10 minutes of Mozart music before taking
an IQ test scored better.
4.This character may have advantage of forcing him to think carefully about every sentence and enabling him to detect minor errors
in his research.
根據以上分析,英語句子是由
「
主幹部分
+
三長兩短一並列
」
組成的。我們可把這個
「
三長兩短一並列
」
稱為構成英語句子的
「
組件
」
。想要
快速讀懂一個句子,就要快速識別並准確譯出每一個組件,再按照一定的邏輯將一個個組件連接起來。這就是
「
組件分析三步法
」
。
一步
:
做標記。做標記時應按照上文中的方法,給
「
三長
」
加括弧,給並列詞加方框,給並列項劃下劃線。如:
Li Hui is a teacher
teaching English in Beijing which is the capital of China.
。這個句子做完標記後為:
Li Hui is a teacher (teaching English) (in Beijing)
(which is the capital) (of China).
可以看出,做完標記後的句子層次變得清晰了很多,很容易就能看出該句子是由一個主系表結構的主幹加
上四個修飾成分組成的。原句直譯起來稍顯復雜,但是加上括弧之後,每一小節都能輕松看懂。不過在標記時要注意:一旦出現下一修飾
成分,就應果斷將上一修飾成分結束掉,而不要管上一修飾成分本身結束了沒有,即允許括弧連括弧,盡量避免括弧套括弧。由於英語中
的修飾成分實際上存在很多
「
嵌套
」
現象,如果把每個修飾成分的嵌套關系都用括弧理清楚,會顯得非常麻煩,無法使句子顯得簡單。如上文
中的例句,如果我們關注其中修飾成分的嵌套關系,則需要將其處理為:
Li Hui is a teacher {teaching English (in Beijing) [which is the
capital (of China)]}.
這樣處理會導致句中出現很多
「
括弧套括弧
」
的現象,顯得非常亂。而用括弧連括弧的標記法則使句子結構更為清晰。
二步
:
做直譯。經過
Step 1
的標記之後,句中的修飾成分都被我們用括弧標注了出來,而不帶括弧的主幹成分自然浮現在我們眼前,整
個句子變成了
「
一小節一小節
」
的形式,而每一小節都很容易直接翻譯出來。我們在翻譯句子時,可利用
「
提問和回答
」
的方式將一個個的括弧
連接起來。如上面的例句:
Li Hui is a teacher (teaching English) (in Beijing) (which is the capital) (of China).
翻譯時可先處理為:李輝是
個老師。教什麼的?教英語。在哪兒教?在北京。哪個北京?是那個首都。誰的首都?中國的首都。這樣整個句子的意思就一目瞭然了。
三步
:
調語序。我們將
Step 2
中得到的
「
譯文
」
再按照中文表達習慣進行一些調整,最終得到了一句地道的中文譯文:
「
李輝是個在中國的
首都北京教英語的老師。
」
或者
「
李輝是個老師,在中國的首都北京教英語。
」
事實上,由於大部分省市的高考都不考
「
英譯中
」
,所以我們一般
不必進行
Step 3
的操作,因為前兩個步驟已經能夠幫助我們准確理解英語句子了。
綜上所述,在英語閱讀理解中,只要有一定的詞彙積累,熟知英語中五種簡單句的用法,知道長難句要短讀,讀出主幹,讀出主題。
既會斷句,會剔掉定語,狀語等修飾,抓出主幹詞。
Ⅳ 高考英語經典長難句的分析(2)
8.One of the earliest epidemics on record happened about500-550 AD when the Roman emperor at the time wasattemptingto rebuild the Roman Empire.
【句式翻譯】歷史上有記載的最早的傳染病之一發生在公元500-550年,當時的羅馬皇帝正在試圖重建羅馬帝國。
【句式分析】本句包含一個when引導的限制性定語從句,從句中運用了過去進行時。
【詞語點撥】attempt v.& n.嘗試,試圖
William attempted to find the solution to the problem.
威廉試圖找到問題的解決辦法。
He was nearly drowned in the attempt to swim across.
他在試圖游到對岸去時差一點被淹死。
【語法點撥】過去進行時的構成:was/were doing,表示“過去某個時間正在進行的動作”。常用的時間狀語有this morning, the whole morning, from nine to ten last evening, when, while等。如:
What was he writing all day last Sunday?
上周日他一整天都在寫什麼?
My brother fell while hewas ridinghis bicycle and hurt himself.
我哥哥騎自行車的時候從車上摔下來受傷了。
9. The last few years have seen environmentaldisasterson a grand scale, andexperts are predicting far worse to come.
【句式翻譯】最近的幾年裡,人們見證了大規模的環境災難,專家們預測更為嚴重的災難即將發生。
【句式分析】本句是由並列連詞and連接的復合句,第一個分句運用了現在完成時。
【詞語點撥】on a grand scale大規模地,大張旗鼓地
We should popularize scienceona grand scale.
我們應該大規模普及科學。
【語法點撥】現在完成時的構成:has/have done,常表示“某一動作或狀態發生在過去,對現在有影響”,也可表示“持續到現在的動作或狀態”。常用的時間狀語:for或since引導的時間狀語及before, until now, up till now,so far, up to the moment, in the last few years等。如:
Wehave bookeda roomfor today and tomorrow.
我們已經預訂了今天和明天的房間。
The househas been emptyfor ages.
這幢房子已經空了相當長時間了。(現在仍空著)
10. In the last few decades, scientists havereachedconsensusand reported that human beings are causing changes inthe Earth’s climate -- something previously seen asbeyondour control.
【句式翻譯】最近幾十年,科學家們達成共識並報道說,人類正在引起地球的氣候變化—而這在以前看來是我們不能控制的。
【句式分析】本句是復合句,含有一個that引導的賓語從句,主句中運用了現在完成時。
【詞語點撥】1) reach (a) consensus 達成共識,達成一致意見
It is very difficult for them toreach a consensuson this issue.
他們在這個問題上很難取得一致意見。
2) beyond prep. 超過;越過;在…較遠的一邊
The delay was caused by heavy weather and wasbeyond our control.
延遲是由惡劣天氣造成的,我們無法控制。
The beauty of the scene wasbeyond compare.
景色之美無與倫比。
Linda always wondered what wasbeyond the horizon.
琳達總是納悶著地平線的那一邊是什麼。
【語法點撥】現在完成時,具體用法第10句。
11. Treatments for jellyfish stings and snakebites havealso beendevelopedand in thelast five years there have been only three deaths from jellyfish stings andabout the same number from snakebites.
【句式翻譯】治療水母刺傷和毒蛇咬傷方法也已經研製成功,在過去的五年裡只有三人死於水母刺傷,這與被蛇咬傷致死的人數大體相同。
【句式分析】本句是由並列連詞and連接的復合句,第一個分句運用了現在完成時的被動語態。
【詞語點撥】develop v.開發,發展,研製(新產品)
Over the last few years tourism here hasdevelopedconsiderably.
在過去幾年裡,這里的旅遊業獲得了相當大的發展。
The two companies have teamed up todevelopa new racing car.
那兩個公司已合作研製新型賽車。
【語法點撥】現在完成時的被動語態的結構就是現在完成時態和被動語態的結構的疊合,即:has/havebeen done,表示“過去發生的動作對現在有影響或持續到現在,並且主語與謂語動詞之間為被動關系”。常用的時間狀語:for或since引導的時間狀語及before, until now, up till now,so far, up to the moment, in the last few years等。如:
The office looks nice. Ithas just been cleaned.
辦公室看起來很乾凈。它剛被打掃過。
The machinehas been repairedfor two hours.
這台機器已修了兩小時了。
12. Adverts are not only made and paid for bybusiness, but also by indivials, organizations and associations that wish toinformor ecate the public. 廣告不僅【句式翻譯】廣告可由商家付費製作,也可以由想給公眾傳達某種信息或教育公眾的個人、組織或協會來出資製作。
【句式分析】本句是由並列連詞not only…but also連接的復合句,第一個分句運用了一般現在時的被動語態。
【詞語點撥】inform vt. 通知 ,告知;構成短語:inform sb of sth 通知 某人某事
I shallinform yousoonofthe date of my arrival.
我將把我到達的日期通知你。
I regret toinform you thatI am unable to help you.
我遺憾地告訴你我沒法幫助你。
【語法點撥】一般現在時的被動語態的構成:is/are done。表示“現在經常性、習慣性的動作,並且主語與謂語動詞之間為被動關系”。
A lot of foodis wastedeveryyear.
每年浪費掉很多食物。
Millions of tons of waste and poisonous gasesare sent intothe air with the smoke. 數百萬噸的廢氣和毒氣隨著煙塵散發到空中。
13. Margaret,marriedwith two small children, has been working for the last seven years as anight cleaner, cleaning offices in a big building.
【句式翻譯】瑪格麗特,已婚,帶著兩個孩子,七年來一直在做清潔工,晚上給一座大樓里的辦公室打掃衛生。
【句式分析】本句是簡單句,運用了現在完成進行時,包含有兩個非謂語短語,marriedwith…在句中作後置定語,cleaning offices作伴隨狀語。
【詞語點撥】marry v. (使)結婚;嫁;娶
Because of her beauty, she has managed tomarryabove her.
由於貌美,她得以嫁給一個地位比她高的人。
I'm sure Jack was sincere when he said he wanted tomarry you.
我相信傑克說想娶你是真心的。
Theygot married toeachother against their parents’ wishes.
他倆的結合違背了各自父母的願望。
【語法點撥】現在完成進行時的構成:has/have been doing。表示“一個動作從過去某個時間開始,延續到現在,並且還有可能持續下去”。如:
Youhave been sittingin front of that computer too long.
你在電腦前坐的時間太長了。
No wonder he is so tired. Hehas been workingall day.
難怪他這么累,他工作一天了。
14.Ever since they were first put on the market in theearly 1990s, genetically modified (GM 轉基因) foods have been increasingly developed and marketed inmany countries in the world, mainly on thebasisof their promise to end the worldwide food crisis.
【句式翻譯】自從二十世紀九十年代早期首次投入市場以來,轉基因食物就不斷地在很多國家開發和銷售,主要是基於想要結束世界糧食危機。
【句式分析】本句是一個含有since引導的時間狀語從句的復合句,have been developed and marketed…是現在完成時的被動語態形式。
【詞語點撥】basis n. 基礎;構成短語:on the basis of 以……為基礎
Don’t evaluate a persononthe basis ofappearance.
不要以相貌取人。
Mr. Smith goes to the gymona regular basis.
史密斯先生定期去健身房。
【語法點撥】現在完成時的被動語態,具體用法第11句。
15.At nine o’clock on Saturday morning, I’ll be sitting in the front rowandlistening tothe great professorWillard talking about the future of my brain.
【句式翻譯】星期六上午九點鍾,我將會坐在前排,聆聽偉大的威拉德教授談論大腦的未來發展。
【句式分析】本句是簡單句,運用了將來進行時,含有一個復合賓語的結構,talkingabout…在句中作賓補。
【詞語點撥】listen vi. 聽(後面常接介詞to)
Whatever you said, he simply wouldn’tlisten.
你怎麼說他也不聽.
We’re going tolisten toareport this afternoon.
今天下午我們要去聽報告。
【語法點撥】將來進行時的構成:will be doing,表示“將來某一時間正在進行的動作,或表示要在將來某一時間開始,並繼續下去的動作”。常用延續性動詞,常用來表示禮貌的詢問、請求等。如:
The ministerwill be givinga speech on international affairs.
部長將就國際事務發表演講。
Please don’t call me between 8:00 and 10:00 tomorrow. I’ll be havingmy classes then.
Ⅳ 在英語考試中,如何快速讀懂閱讀中的長難句
很多學生在高考中讀英語時總會感到這種困惑。單詞都能說,語法也很清楚。就是不能讀。(你知道的)。
說到英語考試,小曲相信大部分童鞋都害怕閱讀理解。有時我們讀完了整個句子,但不知道作家到底在說什麼。
Ⅵ 高考英語閱讀理解試題及答案分享
高考英語閱讀理解試題及答案分享
高考英語閱讀文章使用的語言都較為正式,結構復雜的長句及省略和插入語等較復雜的`語言現象在文章中隨處可見。影響了考生對文章內容的理解和判斷。為了幫助大家備考高考英語,我整理了一些高考英語閱讀理解,希望能幫到大家!
高考英語閱讀理解【1】
Why do we have in a camera a lens(鏡頭)instead of a simple hole?
The reason can be seen from the figures(圖像).
In Figure 1, the hole is small. Rays of light from a point (P1)outside reach a very small part of the wall opposite, and we see there a small point. But when the hole is bigger, as in Figure 2, rays from the point(P2)can cover a larger part of the wall opposite, and we don’t see a clear point, Rays from other points(Q) outside can also fall on the same place inside. Therefore the picture is not clear when the hole is big and it is not bright when the hole is small because very very little light can pass through it.. We can get better result with a lens. If the lens is made in the shape shown in Figure 3, all the rays of light from the point(P3) are thrown on point(P’) inside. The picture which we see, therefore, is clear, and it is also bright because more light can pass through a lens than through a small hole.
1. In Figure 1 we see a faint small point on the wall because .
A. the point(P1) is very small B. the hole isn’t big enough
C. light rays don’t travel in straight lines D. light rays can’t pass through a small hole
2. Figure 2 shows that the bigger the hole is, .
A. the more light can pass through B. the clearer the picture will be
C. the better result we will get D. the faster the light rays travel
3. From figure 3, we can see a lens .
A. can form a clear picture B. can make light go in a straight line
C. can help light rays to go faster D. cannot give the picture more light than in Fig. 2
4. The main idea of the second paragraph of the article is that .
A. a smaller hole is better than a bigger one
B. big holes are better than small ones
C. both a big hole and a small one have their weak points
D. light rays are sure to pass through a hole no matter it is big or small
5. Which of the following statements is true?
A. Light can go through all kinds of materials
B. A camera can’t be made without a lens
C. The lens is only used in a camera
D. Most of the light we get is from the lens
高考英語閱讀理解【2】
Overhead bridges are found in many parts of Beijing, especially in places where traffic is very heavy and crossing the road is dangerous.
The purpose of these bridges is to enable pedestrians (行人) to cross roads safely. Overhead bridges are used to very much the same way as zebra crossings. They are more efficient (效率高的) although less convenient because people have to climb up a long flight of steps. This is inconvenient especially to older people. When pedestrains use an overhead bridge, they do not hold up traffic. However, when they cross a busy road using a zebra crossing, traffic is held up. This is why the government has built many overhead bridges to help pedestrians and to keep traffic moving at the same time.
The government of Beijing has spent a large amount of money on building these bridges. For their own safety, pedestrians should be encouraged to use them instead of risking (冒…危險) their lives by dashing across the road. Old people , however , may find it a little difficult climbing up and down the steps, but it is still much safer than walking across the road with all the danger of moving traffic.
Overhead bridges serve a very useful purpose. Pedestrians, both old and young, should make it a habit to use them. This will prevent unnecessary accidents and loss of life.
1. What is the advantage of overhead bridges mentioned in this passage?
A. Taller trucks can pass under them.
B. Pedestrians can climb up and have a view of the city.
C. They are safer for pedestrians and can keep traffic moving at the same time.
D. They are easier and more convenient for the pedestrians.
2. Why were overhead bridges built in Beijing?
A. Because they prevent traffic from being held up.
B. Because they provide an easy way for the drivers to cross the road.
C. Because they save money for the government.
D. Because they save time for the pedestrians.
Ⅶ 英語長短句理解
1. 英語長短句分析成分(速求
(Beyond the practial need to make order out of chaos狀),(the rise of dictionaries主) (is associated with謂) (the rise of english middle class賓),(who 。worlds to conquer-lexical as well as social and commercial定語從句).
It主語 is系動詞 highly appropriate表語 (that Dr.Samuel Johnson,the very model of an eighteenth-century literary man,as famous in his own time as in ours should,have published his dictionary at the very beginning of the heyday of the middle class主語從句).
that Dr.Samuel Johnson主語,(the very model of an eighteenth-century literary man同位語),(as famous in his own time as in ours定語) (should have published謂語) (his dictionary賓語) (at the very beginning of the heyday of the middle class狀語枯困)
2. 英語長短句成分分析
It therefore becomes more and more important that, if students are not to waste their opportunities, there will have to be much more detailed information about courses and more advice.(that開始到句末都是主語從句,if到opportunities是主語從句中的條件狀語從句)
But now it is realized that supplies of some of them are limited, and it is even possible to give a reasonable estimate of their 「expectation of life」, the time it will take to exhaust all known sources and reserves of these materials. (that開始到limited是主語從句,the time後面是定語從句)
Prior to the twentieth century, women in novels were stereotypes of lacking any features that made them unique indivials and were also subject to numerous restrictions imposed by the male-dominated culture.(that開始到indivials是定語從句握敗譽)
3. 如何簡要地幫學生掌握分析英語長短句
短句自然不用說了,長句的話第一先找定語,都去掉,再找有沒有兩個逗號夾著的部分,劃掉,找明顯的壯語,7 o'clock,at home等,劃掉。再找動詞,也就是句子的謂語,這里說的動詞不僅僅指說有動詞意思的就算,一定是要有動詞這個語法功能,比如說be doing ***或have been doing***)就是動詞,也就是謂語,如果僅僅是doing***,那就是狀語或賓語,那麼動詞就有比如說 do,does,did, be doing,be done, 等等。長句的話一般有兩個或兩個段段以上的動詞,這樣就有從句,找連接詞,簡單的就是and,so,because這樣的一眼就看出來了,再有就what,when,where,how等等這樣的,這樣就有連接詞把句子分為了兩個部分,再找動詞賓語,主語,基本的句子就出來了。不過還是要多聯系,有些句子的從句是插入成分,分清從句到哪裡結束,有些詞語是雙賓語,比如bring sth up,變成
bring up a +(中間一段超級長定語)+problem which……等等。
4. 求專業指導,分析英語長短句的步驟,
句子的主幹是It is not unusual for a student to have $5,000 in loans after four years-loanseven if引導讓步狀語從句(even if he works part time at college and full time ring the summer )that引導定語從句(that he must start to repay within one year after gaation)句子大意是 今天對一個學生是不尋常的,即使他工作部分時間在大學和充分的時間在夏季,有五千元貸款,四年後,他必須開始償還貸款後一年內畢業。
(網路翻譯上的)。
5. 托福寫作中長短句結合句式怎麼用
不明白您所說的長短句結合句式作何理解。
對於托福寫作(或任何英語考試的寫作部分)來說,(」所謂的「知)長句子和(」所謂的「)短句子相結合是非常明智和老師們都會推薦的一種寫作技巧。因為這是考生語法能力也就是語言基本功的體現。
但這里說的長句和短句道其實就是要求考生能夠在一篇作文中能交叉使用結構復雜和結構簡單的句子。對於結構簡單的句子一般就是我們英文老師所說版的簡單句,多半句子成分簡單(由主系表或主謂賓構成)。
對於句權子結構復雜的句子而言,往往是包含了各種從句的句子。而每篇作文中適當使用一些特殊句式如倒裝句,強調句,感嘆句等會更加增強表達效果。
6. 高中英語怎樣提高到120以上
我是一個高考的過來人,高考成績129分,平時大考碰狗屎運也考過130+的分數。首先我想請閣下明白一個道理冰凍三尺非一日之寒,所以堅持很重要,英語是一門很看重積累的科目。
雖然我高考已經好多年了,而且今年即將大學畢業,踏入社會。但英語一直沒有丟,英語一直是我的排頭兵!我對英語的自信還有,我覺得學好英語不難,重要的是你要有恆心,急躁冒進,三天打漁兩天曬網都是不行的。在這里我就毛遂自薦一下我的學習方法吧:
首先先你要端正心態,不要急躁,,你做你自己的事,這樣才能靜下心來學習。要成為英語高手就必須比別人走更多的路,做更多的事。你應該明白一個事實,英語是單詞和語法的綜合,所以單詞和語法都要拿下。
其次,對於單詞,有如下幾種方法,第一個,是加強記憶的頻度,也就是說,早上記了幾個,隔幾個小時又看一次,總之一天之內,記憶的間隔不要太長,否則你辛苦積累的記憶會隨著時間的延長而淡化,第二個,是可以根據自己的理解編順口溜,比如good morning 是狗摸你…(見笑了)…,第三個,最重要的是,記單詞的時候,不要忘了閱讀,一邊記單詞,一邊看文章,這樣可以把孤立的單詞串聯起來,記憶的效果會加倍,第四個。我建議你記單詞要分門別類記憶,要形成一個意群,比如,重要性用magnitude magnificence ,表示非常,大大地有exceedingly,tremendously,extremely……這樣做在你寫作時,是十分有好處的,寫作時不要盡寫一些低級詞彙,你要寫高級詞彙,比如重要性寫magnitude,許多寫a multitude of 或者handsome。
再次,是語法。學習語法,首先要明白什麼是主謂賓定狀補,什麼是系動詞,什麼是直接賓語,間接賓語,這些是學習語法的基礎,語法是房子,主謂賓定狀補等是沙石磚瓦。然後就要多做一些語法專項練習,並在此過程中不斷總結,並時時回顧那些了解,那些依然不理解,需要注意的是,那些不理解的一定要花時間弄清楚,否則對自己的不負責將會導致英語語法一知半解的結局!這對於想成為英語高手的人來說,是十分不利的!(註:本人從開始時不知主謂賓,到熟練掌握語法,把語法書看了不下二十遍,書都翻爛了!莫笑本人愚笨……)
此外,對於完形填空以及閱讀理解,那就只能靠平時的練習了,在這個過程中,你要時時總結,縱深對比,千萬不要陷入題海戰術只做題,不總結的誤區當中。在做題的過程中,你把各種體型都總結了一遍,積累了豐富的經驗,而且你還提升了自己的閱讀速度,一舉兩得,所以做題是很重要的!其實,完形填空無非就是單項選擇加語境分析,也就是說,做完形填空你的語法要好,而且你要積累比較多的固定搭配,短語,特殊用法等,完形填空的語法還是很重要的!對於閱讀,我個人感覺是,純粹是個人經驗積累多少的問題,只有保證一定的練習量,你才能用質的提高!
最後,我建議你,平時讀報,或者做題的時候,發現有好的句子好的詞彙,你要抄下來,長期下來,你的作文會有提高的,需要說明的是,這個提高過程可能很緩慢,但是最後能收到很好的效果,以前25分的作文我都能保證在21-23這個級別,靠的就是對語法的熟練掌握和積累了許多較高級的詞彙,句型,句子。我個人的理解是,在你的語法達到基本不會出錯的程度上,作文便應該以詞彙取勝,因為在這個層次上,大家的語法都差不多,沒什麼變化,唯一有變化的就是你的詞彙!給你打個比方吧,很多想到「許多」就用many,但是你別忘了many a ;handsome;massive,innumerable;很多人想到「專家」就寫expert,但很少人會想到specialist,很多人在想到「擅長」這詞,就寫be good at ,卻不知還有更高級的表達法:be expert at 或者excel in ……高手和庸才,就體現在這些細微的差別上 !!
Ⅷ 英語閱讀理解長難句的處理技巧
英梁寬伍語閱讀理解長難句的處理技巧
一個英語句子之所以難以理解,有許多原因,其中一個主要原因是句子太長或者句子結構復雜。句子過長或者復雜無非是該句除了主幹之外還包含了一些附加部分,如插入語、同位語、分隔現象、各種從句或較長的非謂語動詞短語等等。這些附屬成分常有逗號或分隔符號與句子隔開,且插在一個句子中間,使本來完整的句子被斷開,因而增加句意理解的難度。分析長難句的基本方法是:首先,判斷該句是簡單句、並列句還是復合句;然後,找出句子的核心成分,分清主語和謂語,再分清句子附屬成分。下面我們來談談幾種長難句的橡或處理技巧。
一、處理長難句的原則方法
如果待處理的長難句為一個復雜的單句,可這樣處理:跳讀修飾成分,迅速找出主謂結構。這樣一來,我們便可以將長句化為短句,將難句化為易句。具巧敏體步驟是:先跳讀修飾成分或附加成分,找出句子的主幹並理解其意義;然後再分段理解修飾成分或附加成分。
如果待處理的長難句為一個復雜的並列句,可這樣處理:先找出其中的並列連詞,然後再根據並列連詞的意思理清句子前後是順連關系還是反連關系,是因果關系還是轉折關系等,最後再根據不同的語境關系正確理解句意。
如果待處理的長難句為一個復雜的主從復合句,可這樣處理:先分清主句與從句,然後弄清從句的性質,即弄清它是什麼從句。
如果待處理的長難句為一個復雜的主從復合句,可這樣處理:先分清主句與從句,然後弄清名詞性從句,還是狀語從句,或是定語從句。注意,弄清從句性質對於理解復合句的意思至關重要。
另外,有一點要提醒同學們,在處理長難句時,如果既能正確理解句意,又能將其准確地譯成中文,那是最好了。但是,對於有些長難句,要在較短時間內(如在參加考試時)將其譯成中文比較困難,此時只要能正確理解其意思就行了,如果硬要勉為其難地譯成中文,不僅會浪費時間,而且在許多情況也沒有必要。
二、經典高考真題實例分析
下面這篇文章共有194個單詞,卻只有9個句子,平均每個句子大約有22個單詞,是近幾年高考英語閱讀理解中一篇比較典型的集中含有長難句的文章。
A 38-square-mile island, is the farthest inhabited island in the world, according to the Guinness Book of Records. It is 1,510 miles southwest of its nearest neighbor St. Helena, and 1,950 miles west of Africa. Discovered by the Portuguese admiral(葡萄牙海軍上將) of the same name in 1506, and settled in 1810, the island belongs to Great Britain and has a population of a few hundred.Coming in a close second——and often wrongly mentioned as the most distant island——is Easter Island, which lies 1,260 miles east of its nearest neighbour, Pitcairn Island, and 2,300 miles west of South America.The mountainous 64-square-mile island was settled around the 5th century, supposedly by people who were lost at sea. They had no connection with the outside world for more than a thousand years, giving them plenty of time to build more than 1,000 huge stone figures, called moai, for which the island is most famous.On Easter Sunday, 1722, however, settlers from Holland moved in and gave the island its name. Today, 2,000 people live on the Chilean territory(智利領土). They share one street, a small airport and a few hours of television per day.
【解題分析】
1. 跳讀插入語:請看文章第一段的'第一句。第一步跳過插入語找出句子主幹:Tristan da Cunha is the farthest inhabited island in the world (Tristan da Cunha 是世界上無人居住的最偏僻的島嶼);第二步理解附加的插入語部分:a 38-square-mile island(該島面積為38平方英里,而且這是吉尼斯記錄之一),這樣該句話的意思就弄明白了。
2. 跳讀非謂語動詞短語:我們來看第一段第三句。首先跳過前面的非謂語動詞短語,找出主幹:the island belongs to Great Britain and has a population of a few hundred (該島是英國領土,人口大約幾千)。然後再來理解前面的非謂語動詞短語:Discovered by the Portuguese admiral of the same name in 1506, and settled in 1810(這個島嶼是在1506年被一個名叫Tristan da Cunha的葡萄牙海軍上將發現的,Tristan da Cunha1810年開始有人居住)。通過這樣分解難度,我們讀得輕松,理解得准確。
3. 跳讀分隔現象:請看文章第二段,這一段有35個單詞,卻只有一句話。因為該段既包括了分隔現象,又包含了定語從句,又有一個同位語,而且該句還是一個倒裝句。如果從前到後按照順序來理解,未免有點繁雜,抓不住重點。所以首先要跳過兩個分隔符號之間的內容,同時也要暫時擱置後面的非限制性定語從句,找出主幹並把主幹重新倒置過來變成正常語序:Easter Island is coming in a close second(Easter Island is coming in a close secondEaster Island是緊跟第二的最偏僻的島嶼);然後再理解分隔符號之間的內容和後面的定語從句等附加成分:Easter Island 常常被誤認為是最偏僻的島嶼,它在最臨近的島嶼(Pitcairn Island)東面1,260英里,在南美西面2,300英里。
4. 跳讀定語從句:定語從句在閱讀理解中是很常見的,有限制性和非限制性兩種。限制性定語從句用來限定所修飾的詞,與之關系非常密切,閱讀時要特別注意兩者的密切聯系,跳過限制性定語從句找到主句後要馬上回頭理解它的含義,確定它與先行詞的修飾關系。如文章第三段的第一個句子里就有一個限制性定語從句:who were lost at sea. 閱讀時一定要注意它與people的密切聯系:不是別人而是在大海里迷路的人五世紀左右在那裡定居。而非限制性定語從句與所修飾的詞關系不是很密切,主要起補充說明作用,它可能出現在主句中間,也可能出現在句尾。如果它出現在句中,閱讀時可以跳過去然後再來理解,也可以一起順便讀過去。如果非限制性定語從句出現在句尾,那閱讀時很方便,看完主句後附帶著看一下就可以了,因為它只是對先行詞的補充說明。如這一段的最後一句:for which the island is most famous. 看完主句我們得知該島與外界隔絕了一千多年,使得島上的人們有充足的時間來修建一千多具巨大的石雕。然後再附帶得知該島以這些石雕而聞名。
Ⅸ 如何看懂英語文章中的長句子特別是復合句,不知該怎樣理解
你要語法過的去話那就好辦,復合句無異於就是句子套句子,你平時做閱讀的時候仔細分析一下語法結構,慢慢練習,就好了。
Ⅹ 高考英語閱讀理解題及答案解析
高考英語閱讀理解題及答案解析
能正確的掌握英語文章信息是我們學習英語的目的之一,也是高考英語重點考察項目之一。為了幫助大家提高自己的閱讀理解能力,我整理了一些高考英語閱讀理解,以供大家練習,希望能對大家有所幫助!
photograph
Are all your photographs good?Be honest with yourself. Aren』t some of your pictures too dark, and others too light?How many times have you thrown away a photo?We, the Fine Photograph Club, can help you. We meet every Wednesday in our comfortable club room in Bridge Street. At 7:30 p.m. a
member of the club or a visitor would give a talk, and then we have coffee. Our members will advise you on all the latest cameras and films. They will help you to develop your films or enlarge your pictures. What does it all cost?Only 5 pounds a year.
Photography is now a big business. Do you know, for instance, that there are 15 million cameras in our country?And that 700 million photographs are taken a year, more than one-third of them in color?Think of the amount of photography in television, the cinema, newspapers, books, advertisements and so on. In modern life people learn a lot from pictures, so photography is more and more important. It is also more complicated and more expensive than it used to be. You may only want to take good photographs of faces and places. If so, we can help you to get better results. You needn』t waste any more money. If you want to learn more about photography and how it is used, join the club please. You won』t be disappointed. Write now to the Secretary, Fine Photograph Club. Bridge Street. 31. The purpose of passage is to _____.
A. show people how to take fine pictures
B. tell people photography is now a big business
C. tell people the club can do many things for you
D. encourage people to join the photograph club
答案為D。此句為測試作者的寫作目的。「呼籲人們都來加入到攝影俱樂部!」這是本文的主要目的。本文的.最後部分也是對全文內容的重點回應。 32. If you want to join the club, you _____.
A. must be good at photography
B. must know about the latest cameras and films
C. must pay a little money a year
D. must be honest with yourself
答案為C。此句為細節題。從短文第一段的最後一句話:five pounds a year中得出答案。
33. You are able to be honest so that you can_____.
A. say if your photos are good or bad
B. tell how much money you waste
C. help the Fine Photograph Club
D. know the latest development in cameras
答案為A。此句為細節推理題。將第一段內容進行綜合分析,可以知道:這是Fine Photograph club所做的宣傳廣告,讓人們知道他們是為了幫助人們提高攝影技術,避免出現浪費現象,而且費用低廉。因此選項A符合短文的內容。
34. The club can give the following service except _____.
A. coffee B. amusement C. advice D. information
答案為B。此句為細節推理題。從短文內容上看,文章中出現了:and then we have coffee(選項A的內容),will advise you on all the latest(選項C的內容)和if you want to learnit is used(選項D的內容),這樣只有選項B的內容在短文中沒有出現了。
35.Which statement of the following is true?
A. If you are a member of Fine Photograph Club, it will cost you only 5 pounds to buy a camera.
B. All the members of Fine Photograph Club can take free photographs of faces and places.
C. More than a third of 700 million color photographs are taken a year.
D. If you write to the photograph club, you will be very good at photographing.
答案為C。細節題。在短文And that 700 million photographs are taken a year,more than one-third Of them in color?中給出了答案。其中的them就是700 million photographs。
business
Most of us know about the Nobel Prize, especially the Nobel Peace Prize, but few of us know anything about the man who set them up. His name was Alfred Nobel. He was a great scientist and inventor himself. Besides, he had a big business. His business may surprise you. He made and sold explosives. His companies even made and sold weapons. Isn』t this something that surprises you? The man who made money from weapons should set up the Peace Prize?
Though Alfred Nobel had a lot of money from weapons, he hated war. He hoped that there would be no war in the world. He was one of the richest in Europe. When he died in 1896, he left behind him a lot of money and his famous will. According to his will, most of his money was placed in a fund. He wanted the interest from the fund to be used as prizes every year. We know them as the Nobel Prizes. The Nobel Prizes are international. Alfred Nobel wanted the winners to be chosen for their work, not the country they came from.
Alfred Nobel had given his whole life to his studies and work and to the benefits of mankind. He made money all by his own efforts, but he left the world share his wealth. His inventions and wealth stay with the world for ever.
36. Alfred』s business was _____.
A. making and selling explosives B. not making and selling weapons
C. making explosives and selling weapons D. making weapons and selling explosives
答案為A。細節題。將這兩句話His business may surprise you. He made and sold explosives.合並在一起理解.就是:他的企業是製造並販賣炸葯的。
37. Nobel wanted to set up the Nobel Peace Prize because _____.
A. he made enough money
B. he hated war
C. he wanted to get more interest from the fund
D. he liked to live in a peaceful world
答案為B。此句為細節推理題。從he hated war.He hoped that there would be no war in the world.這里可以看出Nobel討厭戰爭,因此希望以後不再有戰爭。
38. Nobel Prizes come from _____.
A. all Nobel』s money in the fund
B. all Nobel』s money in his company
C. all the interest from the fund
D. some of the interest in the fund
答案為C。此句為細節推理題。Nobel Prizes的來源在本文中是指:「He wanted the interest from the fund to be used as prizes every year.」也就是他基金中每年的利息。
39. Nobel was a (an) _____ person in the world.
A. interesting B. unselfish C. kind-hearted D. richest
答案為B。此句為細節推理題。從短文最後一段的內容看,Nobel的無私奉獻為世界人民做出了貢獻。因此應該說他是一個無私的人。
40. Which statement of the following is Right according to the passage?
A. Nobel set up his company to sell clothes. B. Most of Nobel』s money was used for the world Wars.
C. Nobel Prizes are only for some people from some special countries.
D. Nobel worked hard in his life and saved lots of money for the world to share. 答案為D。此句為細節推理題。在He made money all by his own efforts.But he left the world share his wealth.這句話中,我們可以看出Nobel將所掙的錢全部留給世界人民去分享(share)。
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