醫學相關英語閱讀理解
1. 英語閱讀理解求助
C: 提倡合理的拒絕治療方法。
A: 病人指示醫生放棄治療的權利受到限制。在文章中，作者明確指出患者缺乏DMC並不意味著醫生有權進行非自願醫療治療。盡管醫生可以通過某些方式幫助患者獲得DMC，但如果患者沒有DMC，則仍需考慮其他道德因素。因此，患者對醫療治療的決策受到限制，不是完全自主的。
D:選項D最能支持作者所陳述的論點，因為它表明病人主動提出放棄治療的要求越來越普遍，這與作者的論點相符，即病人的自主選擇應該被重視和尊重。
C: 對生物和政治基礎的反思是醫療的優先考慮。根據文章內容，作者提出了一系列問題和考慮，主要關注的是在醫療治療的決策中，個體自主選擇和醫學專業判斷之間的平衡問題。作者並沒有強調公共利益是唯一的考慮因素，也沒有表明在任何情況下專業人士都必須進行醫學治療，也沒有明確表示要明確保喊沒證個人醫療選擇的監管。相反，作者強調了反思醫學決策的生物學和政治基礎是一個值得考慮的問題，以及個人自主權與專業判斷之間的平衡問題，需要權衡各種利益和因素。
A: operation。在上下文中，「interference」前面是「against bodily」，指的是針對身體的干涉或干擾，這與選項中的「operation」 最為接近。
簡要概括文章內容：
本文探討了三種末期護理決策的情況，並闡述了作者理性主義方法對決策能力（DMC）的影響。文章強調指出，一個病人缺乏DMC並不意味著可以非自願地治療，逗滲慧因為存在其他道德考量，如非自願治療可能會帶來痛苦的體驗，某些醫療干預措施在末期護理背景下可能只有有限的益處。此外，病人可能有多項主張權利，不依賴於其作為自主代理人的身份。最後，作者指出在這個背景下也存在著社會和生物政治方面的考慮。總之，缺乏DMC並不是非自願醫療治療的充山答分條件，但缺乏DMC在這種情況下具有重要的道德影響，因為病人拒絕醫療治療的權利可以理解為取決於他們是否擁有DMC，而病人如果擁有DMC，並行使了他們拒絕治療的權利，並且這個決定不會對其他人造成直接傷害，那麼醫務人員通常有義務遵守。
2. 關於中醫的英語對話閱讀
中醫Traditional Chinese Medicine，一般指以中國漢族勞動人民創造的傳統醫學為主的醫學。是研究人體生理、病理以及疾病的診斷和防治等的一門學科。我精心收集了關於中醫的英語對話，供大家欣賞學習!
關於中醫的英語對話1
李濤: Mike, guess what? The article I just read considers TCM the fifth great invention of China.
邁克.你猜怎麼著?我剛才讀的那篇文章認為中醫是中國的第五大發明.
邁克: It works for me! More and more people have recognized its remarkable curative effect.
跟我想的一樣!越來越多的人認識到了中醫非凡的治療效果.
李濤: That`s true. And you know what? TCM's contribution to the world is not only an original medical system but also a part of China's traditional culture.
是的.你知道嗎?中醫對世界的貢獻不僅是一種獨特的醫療體系.而且中醫是中國傳統文化的一部分.
邁克: Yeah! I read some introctions for TCM. Some of the basic theories are so difficult to understand, such as the concept of Yin and Yang.
是呀!我讀過一些對中醫的介紹。有些理論很難理解，比如陰和陽的概念。
李濤: It is difficult for a foreigner to understand Chinese traditional philosophy. But the key point is to keep balance and harmony, whether inside or outside your body.
對於外國人來說.理解中國傳統哲學的確很難.但是根本的觀念是不論體內還是體外都應保持平衡與協調.
邁克: That is a wonderful idea! I think TCM is superior to western medicine in regarding human body as a whole and interacting with the surroundings.
這種思想很了不起!我認為中醫比西醫高明的地方就在於它把人體看作一個整體並與周圍的環境相互影響.
李濤: Right. TCM is such a broad and deep system. It deserves more attention and study.
對.中醫博大精深.值得我們更多的關注和研究.
邁克: I`m trying to learn more about TCM. Would you help me sometimes?
我在努力學習有關中醫的知識.你能幫我嗎?
李濤: Sure. Let's study together.
當然能.咱們一起學習吧。
邁克: Great!
太好了!
關於中醫的英語對話2
p = 病人 d = 醫生
p = patient d = doctor
醫生：你好，史密斯先生。今天感覺如何?
d：Hello, mr. *** ith. how are you felling today?
病人：好多了。謝謝!今天我可以坐直了。針灸的確很棒。
p：Much better, thank you! i can sit straight today. the acupuncture is really great.
醫生：不錯。中醫有五千年的歷史。它對疾病的發生，發展和治療都有著完整的理論體系。針灸只不過是治療像你的椎骨側突疾病的一種最有效的方式。
d：Yes, chinese traditional medicine tcmhas a history of more than 5,000 years. it has a plete theory about the occurrence, development and treatment of diseases.
Acupuncture is only one of the most effective ways to treat diseases such as your pleurapophysis.
病人：盡管如此，我的許多同事對中醫還是有些不解。你能否多給我講點?
p：All the same, many of my colleagues feel much puzzled about tcm. would you please tell me more about it?
醫生：沒問題。根據中醫理論，疾病的發生是陰陽失調所致。而疾病的治療就是陰陽的平衡。
d：Sure. according to tcm theory, the occurrence of diseases is the incoordination between yin and yang and the treatment of diseases is the reestablishement of the equilibrium between them.
關於中醫的英語對話3
Doctor: Please point out the painful place with your finger. Is there any relation between the pain and the weather?
Patient: Yes, the pain es more intense when the weather is bad. And the pain es more intense when I walk too much.
D: Have you ever had any trauma?
P: Yes, I have.
D: Does the pain bee more intense at night?
P: Yes, it does. Just like a needle prick. Besides, the place that hurts often feels cold, too.
D: Do you have the sensation of ants crawling over the painful part?
P: Yes, I do.
D: I'd like to treat you with acupuncture if you agree.
P: By the way, does acupuncture hurt?
D: Acupuncture may cause just a little pain, but it also causes a certain feeling of numbness and distension. We'll try it every day for seven days. Will that be all right?
P: Yes. Let's start today.
3. 2019年6月大學英語四級閱讀理解訓練：兒童教育與醫療技術
2019年6月大學英語四級閱讀理解訓練：兒童教育
Exceptional children are different in some significant way from others of the same age. For these children to develop to their full alt potential. their ecation must be adapted to those differences.
Although we focus on the needs of exceptional children, we find ourselves describing their environment as well. While the leading actor on the stage captures our attention, we are aware of the importance of the supporting players and the scenery of the play itself. Both the family and the society in which exceptional children live are often the key to their growth and development. And it is in the public schools that we find the full expression of society's understanding - the knowledge, hopes, and fears that are passed on to the next generation.
Ecation in any society is a mirror of that society. In that mirror we can see the strengths, the weaknesses, the hopes, the prejudices, and the central values of the culture itself. The great interest in exceptional children shown in public ecation over the past three decades indicates the strong feeling in our society that all citizens, whatever their special conditions, deserve the opportunity to fully develop their capabilities.
"All men are created equal." We've heard it many times, but it still has important meaning for ecation in a democratic society. Although the phrase was used by this country's founders to denote equality before the law, it has also been interpreted to mean equality of opportunity. That concept implies ecational opportunity for all children - the right of each child to receive help in learning to the limits of his or her capacity, whether that capacity be small or great. Recent court decisions have confirmed the right of all children - disabled or not - to an appropriate ecation, and have ordered that public schools take the necessary steps to provide that ecation. In response, schools are modifying their programs, adapting instruction to children who are exceptional, to those who cannot profit substantially from regular programs.
訓練題
59. In paragrah 2 . the author cites the example of the leading actor on the stage to show that ________.
[A] the growth of exceptional children has much to do with their family and the society
[B] exceptional children are more influenced by their families than normal children are
[C] exceptional children are the key interest of the family and society
[D] the needs of the society weigh much heavier than the needs of the exceptional children
60. The reason that the exceptional children receive so much concern in ecation is that ________.
[A] they are expected to be leaders of the society
[B] they might become a burden of the society
[C] they should fully develop their potentials
[D] disabled children deserve special consideration
61. This passage mainly deals with ________.
[A] the differences of children in their learning capabilities
[B] the definition of exceptional children in modern society
[C] the special ecational programs for exceptional children
[D] the necessity of adapting ecation to exceptional children
62. From this passage we learn that the ecational concern for exceptional children ________.
[A] is now enjoying legal support
[B] disagrees with the tradition of the country
[C] was clearly stated by the country's founders
[D] will exert great influence over court decisions
參考答案：ACDA
2019年6月大學英語四級閱讀理解訓練：醫療技術
"I have great confidence that by the end of the decade we'll know in vast detail how cancer cells arise," says microbiologist Robert Weinberg, an expert on cancer. "But," he cautions, "some people have the idea that once one understands the causes, the cure will rapidly follow. Consider Pasteur, he discovered the causes of many kinds of infections, but it was fifty or sixty years before cures were available."
This year, 50 percent of the 910,000 people who suffer from cancer will survive at least five years. In the year 2000, the National Cancer Institute estimates, that figure will be 75 percent. For some skin cancers, the five-year survival rate is as high as 90 percent. But other survival statistics are still discouraging - 13 percent for lung cancer, and 2 percent for cancer of the pancreas.
With as many as 120 varieties in existence, discovering how cancer works is not easy. The researchers made great progress in the early 1970s, when they discovered that oncogenes, which are cancer-causing genes, are inactive in normal cells. Anything from cosmic rays to radiation to diet may activate a dormant oncogene, but how remains unknown. If several oncogenes are driven into action, the cell, unable to turn them off, becomes cancerous.
The exact mechanisms involved are still mysterious, but the likelihood that many cancers are initiated at the level of genes suggests that we will never prevent all cancers. "Changes are a normal part of the evolutionary process," says oncologist William Hayward, Environmental factors can never be totally eliminated; as Hayward points out, "We can't prepare a medicine against cosmic rays."
The prospects for cure, though still distant, are brighter.
"First, we need to understand how the normal cell controls itself, Second, we have to determine whether there are a limited number of genes in cells which are al-ways responsible for at least part of the trouble. If we can understand how cancer works, we can counteract its action."
訓練題
63. The example of Pasteur in the passage is used to ?________.
[A] predict that the secret of cancer will be disclosed in a decade
[B] indicate that the prospects for curing cancer are bright
[C] prove that cancer will be cured in fifty to sixty years
[D] warn that there is still a long way to go before cancer can be conquered
64. The author implies that by the year 2000, ________.
[A] there will be a drastic rise in the five-year survival rate of skin-cancer patients
[B] 90 percent of he skin-cancer patients today will still be living
[C] the survival statistics will be fairly even among patients with various cancers
[D] there won' t be a drastic increase of survival rate of all cancer patients
65. Oncogenes are cancer-causing genes ??________.
[A] that are always in operation in a healthy person
[B] which remain unharmful so long as they are not activated
[C] that can be driven out of normal cells
[D] which normal cell can't turn off
66. The word "dormant" in the third paragraph most probably means ________.
[A] dead
[B] ever-present
[C] inactive
[D] potential
參考答案：DDBC
4. 醫學英語科普文章
身體健康是從物質意義對人的生活質量的理解。下面是我帶來的 醫學英語 科普 文章 ，歡頌慧羨迎閱讀!
醫學英語科普文章1
話說水果、蔬菜和野拍疾病
Five-a-Day "No Benefit" 每日五份沒效果
碧裂One of the most commonly-held beliefs regarding health and nutrition in the UK has beenfound to be untrue, according to a new scientific study.
For many years British people have been recommended to eat at least 'five-a-day' – that isfive items of fruit or vegetables every day in order to improve their health and rece thelikelihood of illness, in particular cancer.
The recommendation was first put forward in 1990 by the World Health Organizationwhich said that the 'five-a-day' diet could prevent cancer and other chronic diseases.
Since then the advice has been a mainstay of public health policies in many developedcountries, such as the UK, where the population eat a high proportion of junk food.
Many health campaigns have promoted the advice, and indeed much food packaging inBritain states how the contents will constitute part of your five-a-day.
However, a study of 500,000 Europeans from 10 different countries refutes the commonly-believed suggestion that up to 50% of cancers could be prevented by increasing the public'sconsumption of fruit and vegetables.
Instead the study, which is led by researchers from a well-respected New York medicalschool, estimates that only 2.5% of cancers could be averted by eating more fruit and veg.
It seems that the key to avoiding cancers is to have an overall healthy lifestyle whichincludes not smoking or drinking a lot of alcohol, taking exercise and avoiding obesity.
But medical charities have spoken out to remind people that diet is an important factor instaying healthy, and that even a 2.5% rection in cancers is still a positive step.
Cancer Research UK said: "It's still a good idea to eat your five-a-day but remember thatfruits and vegetables are pieces in a much larger lifestyle jigsaw."
醫學英語科普文章2
致命的軍團桿菌
legionnaires' disease is a serious and sometimes fatal form of pneumonia. legionnaires' disease is caused by infection with legionella bacteria which are found naturally in the environment and thrive in warm water and warm damp places. man-made water systems sometimes provide environments that let legionella bacteria increase to large numbers. these man-made systems include showers, spa pools, fountains, and air conditioning cooling towers. people usually get legionnaires' disease by breathing in mists that come from a water source contaminated with legionella bacteria.
an estimated 8,000 to 18,000 people get legionnaires' disease in the united states each year. some people can be infected with legionella bacteria and have mild symptoms or no illness at all. patients with legionnaires' disease usually have fever, chills, and a cough, which may be dry or may proce sputum. some patients also have muscle aches, headache, tiredness, loss of appetite, and, occasionally, diarrhea. from the time of infection with legionella bacteria, it takes 2-10 days for symptoms to appear. in most cases, symptoms begin after 5-6 days. legionnaires' disease is treated with antibiotics, such as erythromycin. the earlier that treatment is begun, the better the outcome.
the first known outbreak of legionnaires' disease was in philadelphia, usa, in 1976. a total of 221 people contracted the disease and 34 died. most of those that died were legionnaires and that's how the disease got its name. the second largest outbreak was at the stafford hospital in england in 1985; a total of 101 people contracted the disease and 28 died.
軍團病是一種非常嚴重的、有時可以致命的肺炎。軍團病是由軍團桿菌引起，這種細菌產生在自然環境中，在溫水裡及潮熱的地方蔓延。人工供水系統有時也能為軍團桿菌的大量繁殖提供生存環境。這些系統包括淋浴器、礦泉池、噴泉以及空調設備的冷卻水塔。人們通常是由於呼吸了被軍團桿菌污染的水源散發的水霧而傳染上軍團病的。
據估計，在美國每年都有國每年都有8000~18000人感染上軍團病。有些軍團病感染者所表現出來的症狀比較溫和，甚至根本就沒有得病的跡象。軍團病患者通常有發燒、畏寒及乾咳或咳痰等表現。部分患者還有肌肉疼痛、頭痛、疲勞、食慾不振及偶爾腹瀉等症狀。這種病的潛伏期約為的潛天。許多病例表明，出現症狀需要狀需要5~6天的時間。軍團病可以用紅黴素等抗生素進行治療，越早治療效果越好。
軍團病已知的首次爆發是在發是1976年美國費城，221人感染疾病，其中死亡34人。由於大多的死者都是軍團成員，因此稱為軍團病。該病的第二次大爆發是1985年在英國的斯塔福德醫院。這次101個被感染者中有28人死亡。
醫學英語科普文章3
女性最佳生育年齡
For women who want to have children, planning the right time is a difficult decision. In recent years, many women have opted to put off having kids until their late 20s and well into their 30s — focusing on finishing school, building their careers, traveling, and maybe even paying down their student loans before taking the leap into parenthood. Statistics show that women are waiting longer and longer to have kids — the current average age of first-time moms is up to 26.3, up from 24.9 just 15 years ago.
對於想要孩子的女性來說，合適的時間是一個艱難的決定。近年來，很多女性選擇在20歲末甚至30多歲才要孩子，主要原因是她們忙於完成學業、發展職業生涯、旅行、甚至選擇在為人父母之前償還助學貸款。數據表明，女性的生育年齡越來越晚——生第一胎的平均年齡從15年前的24.9歲上升到現在的是26.3歲。
The choice to have children is extremely personal and of course there’s no wrong answer when it comes to being ready to be a mom. But according to Dr. Gillian Lockwood, medical director at the Midland Fertility Clinic in the UK, there is an ideal age when our bodies are best suited to pregnancy. Can you guess what it is?
要孩子的選擇是一個非常私人的話題，選擇什麼時候做母親都沒有錯。但是英國米德蘭生育診所的醫學主任Gillian Lockwood表示，我們的身體有一個最佳的生育年齡。你能猜到是多少歲嗎?
I’ll give you a hint: it’s when many of us have a quarter-life crisis. Also: when it finally becomes affordable to rent a car.
提醒一下：最佳的生育年齡是在大多數人的“青年危機”時，也是我們終於能租得起車的時候。
Yep. According to Lockwood, the ideal age to get pregnant is 25.
Lockwood表示，是的，最佳的生育年齡是25歲。
Unfortunately, says Dr. Lockwood, it’s also the age when motherhood is low on many women’s list of priorities. She explained in the Evening Standard:
Lockwood醫生說，不幸的是，對很多25歲的女性來說，成為母親並不在她們的優先任務清單上面。Lockwood醫生在《倫敦標准晚報》上解釋說：
“Age 25 is exactly the time when today’s young women have left university, are trying to get off on a good career, trying to pay back their student loans, trying to find someone who wants to have babies with them and trying to get on the housing ladder.”
“25歲的當代年輕女性剛剛大學 畢業 ，事業起步，忙於償還助學貸款，找男朋友，努力買房。”
Dr. Lockwood also had some harsh words about fertility treatments being marketed as a viable option to women over 40. “The bleak reality is that the chance of IVF working with your own eggs once you are 40 is absolutely abysmal,” she said. “Would we let, yet alone encourage, patients to pay for an elective operation with a less than five percent chance of working?” While that may be Dr. Lockwood’s opinion, plenty of wannabe parents may be happy to take those chances.
Lockwood醫生還批判了向40多歲女性推銷不孕療法的行為。“事實很殘酷，如果你超過了40歲，用卵子進行體外受精的成功幾率非常低，”她說。“誰會允許甚至鼓勵病人做成功幾率低於5%的擇期手術?”這是Lockwood醫生的觀點，但仍有很多想要孩子的父母很願意抓住這些機會。
It’s worth reiterating that there are so many factors that inform the choice to have kids and only you can decide when — and IF — you want to become a mother. Whether you choose to have kids at 20, 30, 40, or beyond; biologically, through a surrogate, or via adoption, always listen to your own body and make the decision that makes sense for your own life. You know what’s right for you.
特別強調的是，很多因素會影響要孩子的時間，只有你自己可以決定是否想成為一位母親。不管你是在20歲、30歲、40歲甚至更大的年齡要孩子，是自己生、代孕還是收養，你都要聽從自己的身體，做出對生活有意義的選擇。你知道什麼是最適合自己的。
5. 醫學科普文章英文版
由於隨著科技和社會的發展，人們的生活水平不斷提高，當代人把身體健康看得越來越重，對自己的飲食習慣，葯物的使用與濫用和急救知識等格外關注。下面是我帶來的醫學科普 文章 ，歡迎閱讀!
醫學科普文章英文版1
為什麼總是睡不好?十大常見睡眠錯誤
Most of us have struggled at some point with sleep. Whether it’s not getting enough sleepor struggling to get up in the morning, it can be difficult to get the balance just right.
大多數人都遇到過一些睡眠問題。有可能是睡得不夠，又或者是早晨起不來，很難達到平衡睡得舒服。
However, sleep is essential if we want to be proctive in life. It provides us with theenergy we need to get stuff done!
然而為了保證精力充沛，睡眠是十分必要的。我們需要睡足了才有精力幹活!
Here are the 10 most common sleep mistakes people make and a few tips for avoidingthem!
下面列出了常見的十大睡眠錯誤以及糾正小貼士。
1. The snooze button
鬧鍾止鬧按鈕
Don’t EVER hit the snoozebutton. It really is much more beneficial to just get up on yourfirst alarm. Think about it – the snooze button gives you an extra 10 minutes or so sleep. Inthe grand scheme of your day this really won’t provide you with any more energy. In-fact itdoes the opposite. Research has shown that ‘interrupted sleep’ can cause us to feel moretired.
千萬不要按止鬧按鈕，其實在鬧鈴一響時就起來對身體更好。想想看，止鬧按鈕可以讓你多睡10分鍾或者更長一點時間。但相比於一整天滿滿的計劃，這多睡的10分鍾根本無法為你多添幾份活力。事實上恰恰相反，研究表明受干擾的睡眠會讓人更加疲倦。
2. Disorganized sleeping habits
不規律的睡眠習慣
It’s much easier to get to sleep each night (and wake up feeling refreshed) if we have aregular routine. This means going to bed at roughly the same time each night and getting upat roughly the same time each morning. If you’re disorganized with your sleeping routine, youend up interrupting your natural sleeping rhythms, which can cause insomnia and fatigue.
如果每天的作息時間規律，每晚會更加容易入眠(醒來時也會感到神清氣爽)。也就是說每晚在相對固定的時間睡覺，每天早上在相對固定的時間起床。如果你睡覺的時間不規律，就會打亂你的生物鍾，導致失眠和疲勞感。
3. Long naps
小睡時間過長
Long naps can disrupt your sleeping rhythms so if you’re desperate for a nap then keep itunder the 30 minute mark (and before 4pm). Short naps after lunch can help to restore energylevels (just make sure you don’t sleep in).
小睡時間過長會打亂人的生物鍾，所以如果你真的很想打個盹兒的話，請把時間控制在30分鍾以內(而且要在下午四點前睡)。在午餐後小睡一會兒有助於恢復體力(只是不要睡過頭了)。
4. Caffeine/stimulants
咖啡因/興奮劑
Don’t drink any caffeinated drinks after mid-day. Caffeine stimulatesyour body for up to 12hours after consumption so it’s important to restrict your intake later in the day. Be aware ofsupposed ‘herbal’ drinks such as green tea, which can have a high dose of caffeine. Alwayscheck the label.
請不要在中午之後飲用含咖啡因的飲料。咖啡因會持續的影響人體12個小時，所以要控制自己不要在中午以後攝取咖啡因。小心一些“草本”飲料，例如綠茶含有很高的咖啡因。每次喝飲料之前都要看一下成份標簽。
5. Stress &negative thinking
壓力和消極想法
Stress is a large reason why many people find it difficult to sleep. One of the worse thingsyou can do is be stressed before bed. Stress proces chemicals that physically stop us fromsleeping. Try and clear your mind before bed time and make an effort to think positive thoughtsthat aid sleep.
壓力是造成人難以入眠的重要原因。在上床睡覺前帶著太大壓力就更加糟糕了。壓力會使人分泌出某些從生理上阻止睡眠的化學物質。嘗試在睡前清空所思所想，努力朝有助於睡眠的積極方面想吧。
6. Too much light
光線太亮
Our bodies depend on ‘sleep signals’ to fall asleep and one of those signals is darkness.Make sure your room is as dark as possible before trying to get to sleep. Even a thin stream oflight coming in through your window can disrupt your pinealgland’s proction of sleephormones and therefore disturb your sleep rhythms, so make sure your blinds are closed!
我們的身體依靠“睡眠信號”來入睡，其中一個信號就是黑暗。所以在睡覺前要確保房間光線盡可能暗。即便是透過玻璃窗射進來的一小束光線也可能會干擾人的松果體分泌睡眠荷爾蒙，從而干擾睡眠生物鍾。因此要保證關上百葉窗!
7. Sugar before bedtime
睡前攝取糖分
Sugary snacks before bedtime are a really bad idea. The sugar can disrupt the chemicals inyour body causing you to wake up ring the night. Limit all late night sweet treats – if you’rehungry go for a protein based snack instead.
睡前吃含糖的零食真的是個壞主意。糖會破壞人體體內的化學物質，導致人在夜間醒來。因此要控制晚間吃甜食的量，如果你餓了，去吃一些蛋白質為主的零食吧。
8. Alcohol before bedtime
睡前喝酒
Alcohol is a sedativeand therefore people get fooled into thinking it will help them get agood nights sleep. The reality is that it may initially ince sleep, however it usually drasticallyimpairs sleep ring the second half of the night which leads to interrupted sleep patterns thatwill leave you feeling fatigued in the morning (not to mention the hangover!)
酒精有鎮定作用，因此人們會誤以為酒精能幫助睡眠。實際上酒精可能會在一開始促進人睡眠，但是它也常會在後半夜嚴重影響人的睡眠，打亂人的睡眠模式，讓你在早上覺得很疲乏(更不用說還有宿醉了)。
9. TV in the bedroom
卧室里擺放電視
It can be easy to fall asleep on the couch in front of the TV. It’s important we don’t try andreplicatethis strategy in the bedroom though. The bedroom must only be associated withsleep. When you start to introce mental stimulation such as a TV this can severely disruptyour sleep patterns.
坐在電視機前的沙發上很容易睡著，但重要的是我們不能在卧室里嘗試這一 方法 。卧室應當只與睡眠有關，把電視機之類刺激神經的東西放進卧室會嚴重打亂你的睡眠模式。
10. Worrying about sleep
擔心睡眠
If you’ve had a few bad nights sleep, then the worst thing you can do is worry too muchabout it. When we place too much focus on sleeping this can cause anxiety and only make theproblem worse. Try to go with the flow and let your body naturally get into a healthy sleeppattern.
當你幾天都睡不好後，最糟糕的事情就是你還總是擔心自己的睡眠。當我們把注意力過多放在睡眠上時，就會導致焦慮，而焦慮只會讓睡眠問題變得更嚴重。試著順其自然地讓身體進入健康的睡眠模式吧。
醫學科普文章英文版2
5個有害健康的常見生活習慣
Everyday health hazard 1: Lying
日常健康危害之1：撒謊
Whether you’re complimenting your best friend’s unflattering hairdo or “improvising”on thecost of your new designer shoes, we all tell the odd fibfrom time to time. However, accordingto research, those little white lies could be more harmful than you think. Lying can generatefeelings of stress which are damaging to your health, and a study by researchers at theUniversity of Notre Dame found that when people reced the amount of lies they told theysuffered from less headaches, sore throats and anxiety.
無論你是在恭維你最好朋友那不討喜的發型，或臨時沖動購物買下最新名牌鞋，在這時候我們通常會撒一些古怪的小謊。但是最新的研究顯示，即便是那些無害純潔的小謊言也會帶來意想不到的危害。撒謊會產生壓力，而壓力會損害你的健康。一項來自聖母大學的研究發現，當人們減少說謊話的次數時，他們就會減少頭疼、咽喉疼痛和焦慮的患病次數。
Everyday health hazard 2: Eating at your desk
日常健康危害之2：辦公桌上吃飯
If you’re having a busy day in work, it can be tempting to skip your lunch break and eat atyour desk. However, missing out on breaks is not only bad for your stress levels, eating whiledistracted may also mean you are more likely to overeat. Furthermore, spending your lunchhour at your desk can lengthen the time you are physically inactive and also expose you toharmful bacteria. According to a study by the University of Arizona, your work station containsnearly 400 times more germs than the average toilet seat, making it a less than ideal place fordining.
如果你工作忙綠，你的午餐休息時間可能沒了，就不得不在辦公桌上吃午飯。然而錯過了休息不僅會讓你感到壓力緊張，而且心煩意亂的你在這時候吃飯會導致你進食過量。此外，在辦公桌上吃飯，你的身體不活動的時間就會增加，還會讓你暴露在有害的細菌環境中。亞利桑那大學的研究 報告 顯示，辦公環境細菌量是馬桶座圈平均量的400倍，你還想在這樣的地方進餐嗎?
Everyday health hazard 3: Housework
日常健康危害之3：家務
Need an excuse to put your feet up? Well, good news: research suggests that leaving thehousework for another day could give your health a boost! Research results published in theJournal of Family Psychology revealed that doing housework when you get home from workprevents levels of cortisol (the stress hormone) from lowering and reces recovery fromstress. However, stress levels for both men and women were lowered by housework beingcompleted – just so long as they weren’t the ones doing it. Look after your health by takingturns to do the housework with other members of your household if possible, and take timeout to relax afterwards.
想找個理由不做家務?那有好消息了：研究顯示，人們把 家務活 留到第二天做，身體會更棒!《家庭心理學》刊登了這篇研究報告，報告結果顯示，當你下班回家後做家務活，皮質醇(壓力荷爾蒙)的釋放會被抑制。皮質醇能降低壓力，還能縮短受壓後的恢復時間。但是當家務被完成後，男性和女性的壓力水平都會降低——只要做家務的不僅僅只有他或她。可以的話，你可以和家人分擔家務，這樣能讓自己保持健康，還有家務過後記得要抽時間休息啊。
Everyday health hazard 4: Using cash machines
日常健康危害之4：使用自動提款機
Withdrawing money from ATM machines is a common habit for most of us. However,cleanliness tests in Britain have revealed that cash machines are just as dirty as public toilets,and many of us are failing to wash our hands after using them. Experts assessed swabs fromthe key pads on cash machines and also from nearby public toilets and found that they bothcontained the same types of bacteria known to cause sickness. To look after your health, usean antibacterialhand gel once you have made your withdrawaland after handling money.
從自動提款機中提起現金是大多數人的日常習慣。然而一項英國的潔凈測試顯示，提款機和公廁一樣臟，而且，大多數人在使用後都不會去洗手。專家們在自動提款機的鍵盤和附近的公廁中提取了樣品，發現兩者均含有同樣致病菌。為了您的健康，請在提款和處理錢款後使用抗菌洗手液清洗。
Everyday health hazard 5: Cancelling plans
日常健康危害之5：取消計劃
Find yourself frequently cancelling plans and ling out on social events to have a bit oftime to yourself? Then it may be time to pay some attention to your social life. While a bit of‘me time’ is essential to good mental and physical health, too much time on your own canactually be bad for you. Research suggests that having strong social bonds promotes brainhealth, reces feelings of depression and stress and encourages you to look after yourhealth. In fact, a study found that having few friends affects your longevityas much as smoking15 cigarettes a day.
發現自己頻繁取消計劃，還想擺脫社交活動，只為擠出屬於自己的空閑時間?那麼現在是時候在自己的社交生活中多多用心。擁有少量屬於自己的時間，對於精神和身體方面是非常有益處的，但是太多屬於自己的時間，反而有可能會害了你。研究顯示，較強的社交聯系有益於大腦的健康，同時能避免抑鬱、降低壓力，還能鼓勵自己多關注自身的健康。事實上一項研究發現，沒有朋友也會減少你的壽命，效果相當於1天抽15根煙。
醫學科普文章英文版3
睡前玩iPad會影響睡眠質量
Using tablet computers like Apple’s iPad and Samsung’s Galaxy Note just before bed can lead toa poor night’s sleep, according to research.
More and more people are taking their tablets to bed with them to surf the web, checkFacebook or email before switching off the light.
But researchers are warning that the blueish light their screens emit can stop users getting agood night’s sleep.
That is because this type of light mimics daylight, convincing the brain that it is still daytime.
Blue light suppresses proction of a brain chemical called melatonin, which helps us fall sleep.This is because our brains have evolved to be wakeful ring daylight hours.
By contrast, light which is more orange or red in tone does not suppress melatoninproction, perhaps because our brains recognize it as a cue that the day is ending.
Neurologists have known for years that staring at screens late in the evening can disrupt sleep- be they television screens, computer screens or mobile phone screens.
However, because mobiles and tablets are by nature portable - not to say addictive - morepeople are taking them into the bedroom.
Users also tend to hold them much closer to their eyes than a computer or television screen.
Researchers at the Lighting Research Centre, at the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in NewYork, are warning that looking at tablet displays for more than two hours “leads to asuppression of our natural melatonin levels as the devices emit optical radiation at shortwavelengths” - in other words, they emit bluer light.
They say: “Although turning off devices at night is the ultimate solution, it is recommendedthat if these devices are used at night displays are dimmed as much as possible and that thetime spent on them before bed should be limited.”
They drew their conclusions after measuring melatonin levels in 13 volunteers, after they hadspent time viewing iPads at full brightness at a distance of 10 inches, for two hours.
Melatonin levels were significantly lower after they had done this, than they were after thevolunteers had viewed their iPads for the same time, but while wearing orange glass goggles,which cut out the blue light.
They wrote in the journal Applied Ergonomics that tablet makers could "tune the spectral powerdistribution of self-luminous devices" so that they disrupted the sleep patterns of users less.
It is not just a good night’s sleep that could be jeopardized by too much late night screentime.
Researchers know that persistent disruption to sleep patterns can lead to an increased risk ofobesity, and even breast cancer.
However, these studies tend to be comparisons of those with chronic sleep disruption, suchas long term shift workers, with those who have normal sleep patterns.
6. 拜託幫忙翻譯下這兩篇英語閱讀短文！急用！
1,DNA是整個人體的「地圖」。它是所有人類,
它講述了身體
該做什麼。DNA是我們看起來像的原因
父母,因為我們得到一些他們的DNA,使我們自己的。
人
試圖理解人體很長一段時間。在I860,孟德爾先生
發現為什麼我們看起來和別人一樣在我們的家庭。因為
小事情被稱為「基因」(基因)
我們的身體。1953年,兩位科學家,沃森
和克里克,發現那些小零件真消息。他們寫的
DNA的一種特殊的語言。
大多數人希望
這將有助於做出更好的醫學和幫助生病的人:別人擔心
當wc Icam更多的「單詞」,找到更多的信息,我們將使用它
錯誤的方式,
使人更有吸引力(有吸引力的),或停止生病
人們找工作。
大多數人希望
這將有助於做出更好的醫學和幫助生病的人:別人擔心
當wc Icam更多的「單詞」,找到更多的信息,我們將使用它
錯誤的方式,
使人更有吸引力(有吸引力的),或停止生病
人們找工作。
2,一個著名的外國公司在中國想要一個職員的公共關系
部門。
一個美麗的女孩與一個碩士學位經歷了很多
的挑戰,她的名字在名單上。在
她面臨的最後階段
面試和另一個女生在一起。他們兩個都是優秀的,不僅
在
看起來還在教育。
這個女孩是成功的
面試。似乎,她將有機會。最後考官問
她:「你能來辦公室下周一嗎?「震驚意想不到的問題,
美麗的女孩
無法做出決定。所以她說,「我
要跟我的父母在我給一個嗎
的答案。「考官覺得
驚訝但平靜地說。「如果是這樣,讓我們等到你准備好了。」
第二天,女孩來到告訴考官,她的父母已經同意
她下周一詞開始。但考官遺憾地說「對不起,另一個
合適的人選已經得到了那份工作。你有
更好的嘗試另一個地方。「
漂亮的女孩很驚訝。她要求一個解釋,被告知,
「這里所需要的是一個人誰知道她自己的主意。」
這是
如何正確的好機會的鼻子底下一個美麗的女孩就跑掉了。
7. 英語閱讀題,超高分追加
很多年以前的某一天，一個非常有趣的事情發生在了我的一個鄰居身上。他有一個在倫敦某個醫學院工作的老師。他已經完成了他夏天學期的課程，正在機場准備去俄羅斯做一個演講。在他的肩背包中有幾件衣服和他的演講筆記，他已經將他在演講時能用到的一個人體骨骼標本放進了一個大的棕色巷子內。在機場前台，他突然想起忘記買報紙了。於是他把箱子留在了前台去商店了。當他返回的時候他發現有人拿錯了他的箱子。他經常會想起他們說的，當他們回到家就發現了這個骨骼標本。
1.這段文字最好的標題是什麼？
2.為什麼這個老師將骨骼標本放進箱子內？
3.在機場發生了什麼？
4.這個老師怎麼看待這個誤會的？
5.你認為接下來會發生什麼？
1. 誤會
2. 因為演講時要用到
3. 有人認錯了箱子，拿走了別人的東西
4. 這個老師很風趣，很幽默
5. 拿錯箱子的人 返回了機場找到了老師 老師錯過了演講