英語閱讀指代
㈠ 高考英語閱讀理解解題技巧方法快速提高
快速提高高考英語閱讀理解的解題技巧方法如下：
五、推理題：「最近原則」
1、標志：learn，infer，imply，inform。
2、看是否可以通過題干返回原文或依據選項返回原文。一般要圍繞文中的一兩個重點進行推理。推理題無論通過題干能不能定位，都要把它固化到文章的一兩點上。
3、依據原文的意思進行三錯一對的判斷。先不要進清此行推理，若有一個選項跟原文的意思一模一樣，則該選項必然是正確答案。推理題考察原文中的某幾個點如一個、兩個點所涉及的問題讀透了沒有。
4、推理題的最近答案原則：不推的要比推的好，源高推的近的要比推的遠的好，直接推出的要比間接推的好（原文的某句話變個說法）。
㈡ 英語閱讀理解九大題型解題技巧
有很多的同學是非常想知道， 英語閱讀 題答題技巧是什麼，下面是我整合的英語閱讀理解九大題型解題技巧，一起來看看吧，肯定對你有所幫助的。
英語閱讀理解九大題型解題技巧
一、例證題
01 例證題的標志。當題干中出現example, case, illustrate, illustration, exemplify等詞語時，同學們就要立刻開啟做「例證題」的模式啦!
02 回歸 文章 ，找出該例證所在的位置，即給該例子定位。
03 搜索該例證周圍的區域，找出該例證支持的觀點。例子周圍具有概括抽象性的表達通常就是它的論點。
04 找出該論點，並與四個選項比較，得出選項中與該論點最一致的答案。
05 例證題錯誤答案設計的干擾特徵經常是：就事論事，即把例子中的某一內容寫出來誤導你，讓你去選。
二、指代題
01 回歸原文，找出問題中的指代詞。
02 在指代詞附近搜索，找最近的名詞、名詞性 短語 或 句子 。(先從最近點開始找，找不到再找次近的，一般答案不會離得太遠)
03 將找到的詞、片語或句子的意思代入替換該指代詞，看其意思是否通順。
04 將找到的詞、片語或句子與四個選項進行比較，找出最佳答案。
三、詞彙題
01 首先還是要回歸原文，找出該詞彙出現在哪裡。
02 通過句子，確定該詞彙的詞性。
03 從上下文(詞彙的前後幾句)中找到與所給詞彙具有相同詞性的詞(如一下子找不到就再往上往下找)，代入所給詞彙在文章中的位置(將之替換)看語義是否合適。
04 找出選項中與代替詞意思相同或相近的選相，這就是答案!
注意：
(1)如果該詞彙是簡單詞匯，則其字面意思很大可能不是正確答案。
(2)英語閱讀理解主要是考查同學們是否能根據上下文作出正確的判斷。
(3)詞彙題的正確答案經常蘊藏在原文該詞彙出現的附近。注意不能靠單詞詞義直接往下推。
(4)尋找時要注意同位語、特殊標點(比如分號，分號前後兩句話的邏輯關系不是形式上的並列就是語義上的並列，也就是兩句話的意思相同，所以可用其中一句話的意思來推測另一句話的意思從而推出所給詞彙含義)、定語從句、前後綴，特別要注意尋找時的同性原則。
四、句子理解題
01 回歸原文找到原句。
02 對原句進行語法和詞義的精確分析(找主幹)，應該重點抓原句的字面含義。若該句的字面含義不能確定，則依據上下文進行判斷。
03 一般來說，選項中的正確答案與原句意思完全相同，只不過用其他英語詞彙換種表達而已。
04 句子理解題的錯誤選項干擾項特徵：推得太遠，做題時應把握住推的度。
五、推斷題
01 推斷題的標志：learn, infer, imply, inform等
02 看是否可以通過題干回歸原文或依據選項回歸原文。一般要圍繞文中的一兩個重點進行推理。推理題無論通過題干能不能定位，我們都要把它固定到文章的一兩點上。
03 依據原文的意思進行三錯一對的判斷。先不要進行推理，若有一個選項跟原文的意思一模一樣，則該選項必然是正確答案。推理題不是考查同學們天馬行空的 想像力 ，它其實是考查同學們是否讀透閱讀文章里的某幾個點所涉及的問題。
04 推理題的最近答案原則：不推的要比推的好，推的近的要比推的遠的好，直接推出的要比間接推的好(原文的某句話變個說法)，把原文讀懂才是做對推斷題的關鍵!
六、主旨題
「串線摘帽」，即在自然段少的時候串串線，串線法解不出來時，大帽子、小帽子摘一下。
01 主旨題的標志：mainly about, mainly discuss, the best title等。
02 串線法：抓首段和其餘各段的第一句話，把其意思連接成一個整體。要注意 總結 性的提示詞和轉折詞，特別要注意中心句。(主要針對自然段少的文章，針對自然段多的文章，主旨題最好聯系中心句，找一個和中心句最貼近的。)
03 很多時候，老師都會跟同學們說，首段往往就是中心主旨所在的地方。然而我還是要提醒各位同學，小心首段陷阱!
04 主旨題錯誤選項的干擾特徵是：
(1)局部信息，即選項的內容小於文章的內容;
(2)范圍過寬，即選項的內容大於文章的內容。
05 逆向思維 法：在兩個選項看上去都十分正確無法選擇時，試著從選項出發，想像一下如果自己以此選項來寫文章會有那些內容，然後把它與文章的內容比較，接近的即為正確選項。
七、作者態度題
01 作者態度題的標志：attitude
02 應精確理解四個選項的含義，不要摻雜自己的觀點。
03 可以尋找文中一些具有感情色彩的詞。例如：fortunately, excessively等。
04 舉例的方式。(是從正面舉例，還是反面舉例)
05 抓論述的主線。把第一段讀透，把其他各段的段首段尾句拉出來，看整個文章的結構。
06 做作者態度題時同學們應該特別注意，要清楚是誰對誰的態度。
八、判斷題
01 看能否通過四個選項具體化到原文中一點或者根據自然段原則定位。
02 每個選項都應回歸原文，不能憑主觀印象進行判斷。
03 要重點抓是「三錯一對」還是「三對一錯」的關系。(做題時要看清題目的要求，選擇「正確項」，還是「錯誤項」。)
九、細節題
細節題不用多說了，最重要的就是回歸原文，在文章中找出題干所在位置，得出答案。
英語閱讀題怎麼做
1、細節題解題技巧
細節題的命題 方法 很多，如可能是對某個細節用同義結構轉換後進行考查、也可能是將文章中的幾個細節(通常是四個)放在一起要求考生判斷是非(選出正確的一項或選出錯誤的一項)或對幾個細節進行排序等。解答這類試題時，一個常用的方法就是運用定位法，即根據題干或選項中的線索詞從原文中找到相關的句子，與選項進行比較從而確定答案(此時要特別注意一些常見的同義轉換)。
(1)、關鍵信息定位法。這個主要是細節題，如涉及到數字(日期、時間、價格等)，就可以在文章中快速圈出數字，再找出目標數字及相對應的細節作息，還有人物姓名、地點名詞等等，其他的還包括一些提示情節發展，或條綱性關鍵字眼，如First， Next， Finally等等。
(2)、 同義定位法。英文中可以用Paraphrase表示。同義定位就是指問題所用的關鍵詞和文中的不一致，但屬於同義性質，同義轉換其實是在關鍵間的基礎上拐個彎。
2、推理題解題技巧
推斷題定義：在理解原文字面意思的基礎上，通過對語篇邏輯關系的分析和細節的暗示，做出一定的判斷和推理，從而得到文章的深層意義及隱含意義的過程。
出現特徵：在考題中經常出現的詞有infer， imply， indicate， conclude， learn from， probably， most likely， prove /according to等。
3、主旨大意題解題技巧
(1)、要在閱讀原文基礎上，仔細考慮選項是否與文章主題有密切聯系;
(2)、再看選項對文章的概括性或覆蓋面如何;
(3)、要注意題目是否過大或者過小;
(4)、要避免下列三種錯誤：概括不夠(多表現為部分代整體，導致范圍過小)、過度概括(多表現為擴大范圍)、以事實、細節代替抽象概括的大意。
英語閱讀理解題的正確流程
1)其實做閱讀理解最正確的流程就是正確的閱讀習慣以及自己的做題習慣。有些同學的閱讀習慣是先看問題，再讀文章，然後做題，最後再次略讀文章。
這個順序就是帶著問題去讀文章，目標明確比較節省時間。第一次讀文章的時候大概了解一下文章內容以及問題的大概位置(看到問題的相關內容就標記一下，省的做題的時候又得找)，做題的時候就不用再在文章中找了。做完閱讀理解的所有題以後，再略讀一下文章，看有沒有忽略的地方。
2)先讀文章，再做題目，最後再讀一遍文章。這時大部分同學做閱讀理解題的習慣。首先閱讀文章掌握全文脈絡，然後根據題目和選項排查信息，選出答案。這種方法做閱讀理解正確率比較高，但是比較浪費時間，因為大部分人的記憶都沒有好到讀一遍文章就清楚每個細節的地步，所以讀完文章以後做題的時候還要再次回頭去找。
具體的閱讀流程還得根據自己的做題習慣以及效率來決定。
英語閱讀理解九大題型解題技巧相關文章：
★ 中考英語閱讀理解各題型技巧歸納
★ 英語閱讀理解題解題思路與技巧
★ 2020年高考英語閱讀理解題型的解題方法
★ 英語中考九大題型及答題技巧
★ 高考英語閱讀理解攻略及解題技巧
★ 高考英語閱讀理解的常見題型有哪些
★ 高中英語閱讀理解有哪些解題技巧
★ 中考英語九大題型及答題技巧
★ 中考英語閱讀理解的解題技巧
㈢ 英語閱讀方法
英語的閱讀方法有如下幾種：
一、精讀
1、含義：「精讀」指代的就是仔細地去閱讀，一句一句話去推敲，了解每一句英語句子的構造、用法、意思，了解每一個英語單詞在所在英語句子當中的用法以及相關的固定搭配。
2、優缺點：跟泛讀不同的是，精讀需要更多的時間和精力去進行，可能只適用於時間比較充足的時候，不過精讀能夠起到的學習效果及時更加好，也更有利於學習者記憶自己所看過的內容和知識點。
3、方法：在進行精讀的過程當中，也可以結合復述的方式來進行閱讀，把自己所看過的英語文章用自己的語言組織復述出來，這也有利於加強對於所看文章的理解以及記憶。
三、總結
不管是精讀還是泛讀，也要注重對於英語文章的選擇，不要選擇難度過大或者難度過容易的英語文章來閱讀，這樣也不利於提高自己的閱讀水平，按照一般的情況來說，如果一篇英語文章當中有30%的單詞是自己不太熟悉的，那麼這篇英語文章則比較適合自己的閱讀。
㈣ 英語閱讀常見題型及答題思路
閱讀看似很難，實際上是有規律可循的，下面是英語閱讀常見題型及答題思路，歡迎閱讀了解。
詞彙題
1.標志：
在題目中明確指出某處的單詞或者片語，要求辨別其意思。
2.關鍵：
該單詞並不重要，重要的是上下文。
3.如果該單詞認識，並且不超綱，那麼他的字面意思絕對不是正確答案。其正確答案是根據上下文推出的更深層的含義，該含義也許與原單詞表面意思沒有關系。
4.方法藉助上下文理解，在上下文中尋找同性詞或片語，利用上下文中邏輯關系將四個選項代入替換，看語義是否通順。
指代題
1.標志：
在題干中明確指出某個代詞要求辨別it，that，one，they。
2.步驟：
(1)返回原文，定位代詞，並且准確理解分析該句話。
(2)向上搜索離其近的名詞、短語、句子。
(3)將找到的詞，短語，句子帶入替換，看是否通順。
(4)在四個選項中，找與找到的詞接近的選項。
細節題
1.題幹上有五個W一個H提問。
2.題干中明確會提到的時間、地點、人物或者事物等細節信息。
3.有可能針對文章中的一句話或者幾句話發問。
4.題乾和選項有可能考察一種因果關系。
5.解題關鍵：返回原文，准確定位。
做題依據一定要緊扣文章本身，要注意返回原文找答案：
1.可以根據題干所列的地點、時間、人物、事物返回原文。
2.根據出題的'順序返回原文。
3.根據題干中或四個選項中的重點詞或同義詞返回原文。
4.通過長難句返回原文。
句子理解題
1.標志：
題干中明確指出是原文中的某句話，重要的不是上下文，而是句子本身。
2.步驟：
(1)重點是返回原文，對該句子進行語法、句法、詞法的精準解析。正確(不能推)理解句子 的深刻含義。
(2)若該句話的含義不能確定，則適當依據上下文進行判斷。局部含義有整體含義決定。
(3)一般來說，選項中的正確答案與原句是同義關系，只不過用其他短語表達。
3.錯誤選項特徵：推的過遠，做題時注意把握理解度。
4.正確選項不包含過於絕對化的詞語。
主旨大意題
1.標志：
besttitle，mainidea，mainproblem，conclusion，mainlydisguss，mainlydealwith或者問作者的寫作目的purpose,theauthorintendstodosth,adigestof，利用宏觀閱讀技巧作主旨題，不管是出現在什麼位置，都把他作為後一題來做。
2.方法：
(1)段落少，用串線法。
(2)快速作文法：兩個選項難以分辨的時候，用這兩個選項做作文，快速給出提綱。
3.選項不能選擇局部信息，也不能選范圍過寬的信息。
態度題
1.標志：
題干中出現attitude，believe，consider，deam，regard，deem
2.作者態度可以分為三大類：
(1)正態度：支持，樂觀，贊同
(2)客觀、中立、公正
(3)反對、批評、懷疑
3.等價選項都不選
4.有些選項一定不是正確答案(永陪選項)：indifferent(漠不關心);subjective(主觀的);biased(有偏見的);puzzled(迷惑不解的)
5.識別作者態度：
方法一：可以根據作者論述的主線及舉例的方式進行判斷。
方法二：當作者態度沒有明確提出時，找文章中有褒貶含義、含有感情色彩的詞。
6.特別注意作者的態度一般與文章中心相聯系。做題時不要把自己的態度納入其中，而且要注意區分作者的態度和作者引用別人的態度。
態度題新趨勢
1.現在題目的考察不僅僅局限於作者的態度，也開始考察文章中某人的觀點和態度，做題時特別應該注意看清楚題目考察的是誰對誰的態度。
2.選項可能不在是態度明確的肯定或者否定的詞，而是改為帶有程度限制的詞語，帶有如下詞語的選項往往是正確的：guarded(慎重的)，qualified(有條件的)，tempered(緩和的)，因為帶有保留態度的觀點比較客觀，一般帶有絕對化或者過於強烈的詞的選項必然是錯誤的，如：strongly，compeletly，entirely。
推理題
1.標志：
往往出現infer，imply，learn
2.解題關鍵：
(1)絕大多數推理題答案是文章中心或原文某句話的同義表達。正確答案與原文之間基本上不存在推理關系。
(2)做題時看是否可以通過題干返回原文，或者依據選項返回原文，一般圍繞文章中的一兩個重點句進行思考，特別注意文章中含義深刻或者結構復雜的句子。因為對作者所表達的意思不能一下子理解的長難句是命題所在。
尤其注意：
做題時不能想的太多，推的太遠，是否能把原文看懂才是關鍵。
例證題
1.標志：
example，exemplify，illustration，demonstration
2.解題關鍵：
不在於是否看懂了例子，而在於是否找到了例子所支持的觀點。
3.步驟：
(1)返回原文，找出該例子支持的觀點。80%向上，20%向下。
(2)在四個選項中尋找與找到的論點表達一致、意思接近的一個。
注意：有時候例證題所支持的觀點需要歸納總結。
4.錯誤答案的論述方式：混淆論點與論據;列舉無關常識。
判斷題
1.標志：
which of the following statement is not ture?All of the following is ture except...
2.思路：
(1)首先判斷是三對一錯還是三錯一對，所謂對是符合原文或者符合作者態度的。所謂錯是指原文有矛盾或者原文未提及的概念，或者與作者態度相反的內容。
(2)每個選項力爭返回原文，與原文信息進行一一比較排除。
(3)注意這種題目的選項，有時候會集中於某段的信息或者各具一些共同特徵，所以做題時可以先對比一下四個選項，找出其中可能存在的共同點，再回到原文定位。
㈤ 英語閱讀理解技巧
關於英語閱讀理解技巧
閱讀理解是英語考試的重點，下面是我為大家整理的關於英語閱讀理解技巧，歡迎參考~
一、常考語法點
1.復雜長難句結構(復雜句中常有2個動詞為標志)
2.強調句(it is that do not only but also)
3.正話反說(潛台詞)(sound like/seem look as though utopia)
4.含插入語的句子(跳過不看)
5.雙重否定(負負得正原則)(hardly unknown, do not less , nothing illegal)
6.一些特殊標點，如引語常考。要不支持，要不批判，要不大背景。
7.復雜句中的拆分的固定結構，如from to between and
8.同位語
9.指代關系
10.邏輯主語、賓語
11.省略句
12.虛擬語氣
13.例子常考，看例子說明什麼。
14.轉折處，重點在轉折後。
15.因果句常考，奇速英語注意分清那是因，那是果，不要顛倒。
16.類比比喻常考。
17.集中式列舉一般會出題。
閱讀核心語法：
1.定語從句。
2.插入語。
3.定語後置
4.並列句。
5.分詞現象
二、文章結構分析
提問-回答
新老觀點對比型
獨句段(極有可能是中心思想所在)
讓步敘述型
爭論辯論型
一分為二型(二個核心的平行結構)
總分總
三、閱讀的黃金三原則
(1)剝洋蔥式句法結構分析：
1.判斷一句話有幾個洋蔥(主從句分節)。
1)如果一句話有and或or，並且and前後是句子並列，那麼前後獨立構成一個洋蔥，分開剝皮。
2)看這句話中有沒有but或yet，如果有but，yet那麼前後獨立各自成為一個洋蔥。
3)看這句話中有沒有特殊的標點符號：分號，冒號，破折號，有的話分開幾句話剝皮。
2.對每一個洋蔥分開剝皮，必須從第一層皮開始，也就是整個句話的核心主謂賓，以後一次每構成一個語法就構成一層皮。注意時態!
3.將每層意思翻譯成中文。
4.用設問的方法將這些句子串聯起來，組成復雜句。
(2)得分句、輔助句：
三種關系：
1.當得分句式某一段的第一句話，那麼輔助句就是這一段的剩餘文字。
2.最後一句話，那麼輔助句是倒數第二句話。
3.中間一句話，那麼是這句話的.前後句。
(3)坐標軸原則：
就是選擇與原文意思最接近的意思，如果都不接近就選范圍大的那個。
確定零點很重要：中心詞。
確定中心詞：
1.看題干有沒有人名、地名、大小寫，時間、數據等。
2.看主語謂語賓語。
3.看其他詞彙。
4.找到：好幾個。一一對照，確定到底是那句。
5.找不到：順序原則。計算原則。
6.例外：下面哪項是對的?要從選項里找中心詞一一對照，有的是找不到中性詞的。
四、閱讀的幾種題型
1.情感態度題，包括全文和局部
2.中心思想題，包括主旨大意題，最好標題題，目的題，例證題等
3.猜詞題
4.事實細節題
5.推理判斷題
五、做閱讀的具體方法
1.先看題干，明白要問的是什麼?確定是何種題型?
2.進入本題型的解題方法和步驟。
3.再看文章對應的段落，在裡面找正確答案。
4.做完一題，再看下一題的題干，在下一段找答案，一般都是一題與一段相互對應。
5.遇到「下面哪項對?下面哪項不對?」這種題目一般都是和段落對應，要不就放到最後做!
6.做完後分析文章的主旨大意，看看自己選擇的是不是符合文章的主旨，很多題目都是這樣的，包括細節題。
7.做完全部題目結合概率論來檢查。基本上是5個平均，有時會有4、6現象，但只會出現二個，不會出現四個!(意思是一般是5A5B5C5D,個別年份是4A6B5C5D這種形式的)
六、閱讀命題原則
1.避免考生根據一般常識而不用閱讀文章就能得出答案!所以看似是常識的肯定不對!
2.正確選項的長度和結構要有迷惑性，不能明顯異於別的選項!
七、正確答案分析
閱讀問題的正確答案經常具有下列五大特徵之中的一個或幾個：
1.特徵一---內容：常與文章的主旨有關。
即經常涉及文章的中心思想。有的文章後面幾個問題的正確答案都對應文章的主旨，因此，要注意正確表達了原文主旨的選項。
2.特徵二---位置：常對應段首、段尾和轉折處。
在前面的做題步驟中已經指出段首、段尾和轉折處是文章的重點，也是常出題的地方，值得關注。
3.特徵三---改寫：常對原文進行同義替換、正話反說或反話正說。
同義替換、正話反說或反話正說是閱讀三種最常見的答案編寫方式，了解它們就等於能從命題角度把握問題。
4.特徵四---語氣：常含有不肯定語氣詞和委婉語氣詞。
有些問題的答案，尤其是推理題的答案中常包含不肯定語氣詞和委婉語氣詞，如may等，以顯示推理的相對性。
5.特徵五---特性：常具有概括性和深刻性。
由於考研閱讀考查的對象是文章要點與重點，因此答案通常具有概括性和深刻性，所以選擇答案時對於包含過於瑣碎細節的選項要警惕。
做閱讀問題時，如果能以原文為依據，並結合上述正確答案的五大特徵進行思考，結果會比較理想。
八、干擾選項的特點
1.看似合理，其實以偏概全、斷章取義。
要麼利用在文章中沒有提到的生活常識編造選項。
要麼把文章中的事實和細節當主旨，把片面的次要的觀點當成主要觀點。因此我們要從文中找依據，找答案，看似合理的不一定就是正確答案。
在主旨題中，應該排除細節干擾，把握文章主題。
2.偷梁換柱，張冠李戴。
要麼對原句中的細微處做了改動，要麼截取文章中的詞語或類似結構進行編造。要麼在備選項中把因說成果，把果說成因，把別人的觀點或作者反對的觀點說成是作者的觀點。因此我們要注意，過於相似的選項不一定正確，除非程度、范圍都與原文完全一致。我們要注意：「原文越多，對的可能性越小」!
3.用常規含義代替偏用詞義。詞意句意題中，通常把要考察的詞或句的常規含義作為干擾項。
4.過度引申。要注意選項是不是大大超出了文章允許的范圍，切勿過度發揮。
5.最具迷惑性的選項是一半對一半錯的!
;㈥ 高中英語閱讀理解之主旨大意的解題方法
高中英語閱讀理解之主旨大意的解題技巧
典例剖析1.[2015·江蘇高考，C篇]Suppose you become a leader in an organization. It's very likely that you'll want to have volunteers to help with the organization's activities. To do so, it should help to understand why people undertake volunteer work and what keeps their interest in the work.
Let's begin with the question of why people volunteer. Researchers have identified several factors that motivate people to get involved. For example, people volunteer to express personal values related to unselfishness, to expand their range of experiences, and to strengthen social relationships. If volunteer positions do not meet these needs, people may not wish to participate. To select volunteers, you may need to understand the motivations of the people you wish to attract.
People also volunteer because they are required to do so. To increase levels of community service, some schools have launched compulsory volunteer programs. Unfortunately, these programs can shift people's wish of participation from an internal factor (e.g., “I volunteer because it's important to me.”) to an external factor (e.g. ，“I volunteer because I'm required to do so.”). When that happens, people become less likely to volunteer in the future. People must be sensitive to this possibility when they make volunteer activities a must.
Once people begin to volunteer, what leads them to remain in their positions over time? To answer this question, researchers have concted followup studies in which they track volunteers over time. For instance, one study followed 238 volunteers in Florida over a year. One of the most important factors that influenced their satisfaction as volunteers was the amount of suffering they experienced in their volunteer positions. Although this result may not surprise you, it leads to important practical advice. The researchers note that attention should be given to “training methods that would prepare volunteers for troublesome situations or provide them with strategies for coping with the problem they do experience”.
Another study of 302 volunteers at hospitals in Chicago focused on indivial differences in the degree to which people view “volunteer” as an important social role. It was assumed that those people for whom the role of volunteer was most part of their personal identity would also be most likely to continue volunteer work. Participants indicated the degree to which the social role mattered by responding to statements such as “Volunteering in Hospital is an important part of who I am.” Consistent with the researchers' expectations, they found a positive correlation (正相關) between the strength of role identity and the length of time people continued to volunteer. These results, once again, lead to concrete advice: “Once an indivial begins volunteering, continued efforts might focus on developing a volunteer role identity... Items like Tshirts that allow volunteers to be recognized publicly for their contributions can help strengthen role identity.”
QWhat is the best title of the passage?
A.How to Get People to Volunteer
B.How to Study Volunteer Behaviors
C.How to Keep Volunteers' Interest
D.How to Organize Volunteer Activities
[答案]A主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要闡述了人們為什麼要做志願者，和持續進行志願活動與志願者身份認同之間的正比關系，並強調要加強對志願者身份的認同。A項“如何讓人們參與志願者活動”能概括文章中心，適合做標題。故選A。
2.[2015·天津高考，B篇]Whether in the home or the workplace, social robots are going to become a lot more common in the next few years. Social robots are about to bring technology to the everyday world in a more humanized way, said Cynthia Breazeal, chief scientist at the robot company Jibo.
While household robots today do the normal housework, social robots will be much more like companions than mere tools. For example, these robots will be able to distinguish when someone is happy or sad. This allows them to respond more appropriately to the user.
...
QWhat does the passage mainly present?
A.A new design idea of household robots.
B.Marketing strategies for social robots.
C.Information on household robots.
D.An introction to social robots.
[答案]D主旨大意題。第一段第一句“Whether in the home or the workplace, social robots are going to become a lot more common in the next few years.”開篇點題並結合對全文的整體理解可推知，本文是一篇說明文，主要對社交機器人進行了簡要的介紹。故選D。
技能演練
CHICAGO (Reuters)Smoking not only can wrinkle (皺紋) the face and turn it yellow—it can do the same to the whole body, researchers reported on Monday.
The study, published in the Archives of Dermatology, shows that smoking affects the skin all over the body—even skin protected from the sun.
...
Smoking can also damage the connective tissue (組織) that supports both die skin and the internal organs.
QThe best title for this passage would be ________.
A.The Danger of Smoking
B.Smoking Causes Skin Aging
C.Quit Smoking for Health
D.A Survey of Smokers
答案：B主旨大意題。本文主要講述了吸煙影響皮膚，使皮膚衰老。所以選B。
2.British pupils taught by Chinese are better than their peers in maths and science, a new study has found.
In a study aimed at comparing the British and the Chinese school systems, pupils taught by Chinese teachers outperformed the rest of their peers in a series of exams set by an independent research body (The Institute of EcationIOE).
In an experiment for BBC Two's “Are Our Kids Tough Enough? Chinese School”， five teachers from China were responsible for the ecation of 50 students for four weeks at Bohunt School in Hampshire. Learning together in one classroom, the students of mixed abilities were taught in a Chinese style ecation system, with 12 hour days and a stricter learning regime (制度).
...
QWhat's the test mainly talk about?
A.The British students guided by the Chinese teachers behave better than their mates in some aspects of schooling.
B.Chinese teachers are better than American teachers in maths and science.
C.The school systems between China and Britain are so different.
D.The Chinese teachers show a stricter learning to the British students.
答案：A主旨大意題。本文主要講述由中國老師指導的英國學生在學校的表現比其他學生要好。所以選A。
3.In an incredible feat (技藝) of memory, college lecturer Li Yan, 51, recited every word of an EnglishChinese dictionary, a total of 220,000 words.
The 51yearold business English lecturer at Xi'an Jiaotong University in Xi'an, started to recite the entire content of an EnglishChinese dictionary on August 6, 2013, and completed the task 19 days later. Since that first recitation, she has performed the task 28 times.
“I tried to remember every word in the dictionary in order to make it easier for me to teach my classes，” Li said.
Her perseverance (堅持) comes from a hard life that taught her to keep going forward no matter how many difficulties she encountered.
...
QWhat could be the best title for the text?
A.A Responsible Mother
B.An Effective Teaching Method
C.An Extraordinary Female
D.A Living Dictionary
答案：D主旨大意題。本文主要講述的是一個大學講師，通過努力把一部英漢詞典全部背過，堪稱一部“活詞典”。
4.[2016·青島聯考]I work in a nursing home and my job is to take care of the elderly.
This year, a very sweet old lady that I cared for, Alice, had gone through a difficult time. She got dementia and so she had been in the hospital twice. In November I was finally able to get her back to her “home”.
Alice had thought her daughter was coming to visit her on Christmas Day and that they were going to have the whole family together like the old days. When she finally realized that that happy moment was not going to happen, she was very sad. Knowing that her daughter was coming after Christmas was not enough to make her feel happy. I hated the idea of her being alone on the holiday!
On Christmas Eve, I gave her a surprise by asking if she would like to go to a candlelight service at church that night.
Instead of taking her to my church, I took her to her old neighborhood church where all her friends were. We got there early and I got her a seat where her friends could see her as they came in. Then soon some of her friends came to the church and they rushed over to greet her and sit with her.
The candlelight service was beautiful and Alice got a lot of love from her old and new friends there.
The truth of the story is that I am the one who got the best gift: the smile on Alice's face.
QWhat is the best title for this passage?
A.A Special Candlelight Christmas Eve
B.The Dream of All Old Lonely Ladies
C.My Special Job
D.The True Love
答案：A主旨大意題。本文講述了作者幫助一位老人過了一個特別的燭光平安夜的故事，故選A項。
高中英語閱讀理解之指代對象題的解題技巧
典例剖析[2015·浙江高考，C篇]If humans were truly at home under the light of the moon and stars, we would go in darkness happily, the midnight world as visible to us as it is to the vast number of nocturnal (夜間活動的) species on this planet. Instead, we are diurnal creatures, with eyes adapted to living in the sun's light. This is a basic evolutionary fact, even though most of us don't think of ourselves as diurnal beings. Yet it's the only way to explain what we've done to the night: We've engineered it to receive us by filling it with light.
...
QWhat does “it”(Paragraph 1) most probably refer to?
A.The night. B.The moon.
C.The sky. D.The planet.
[答案]A指代判斷題。根據第一段中的“even though most of us don't think of ourselves as diurnal beings. Yet it's the only way to explain what we've done to the night: We've engineered it to receive us by filling it with night.”可知，事實上，雖然我們並不承認自己是白晝生物，但很多時候我們總是用光來照亮夜晚，故此處it指代前面的“the night”。故選A項。
2.[2015·湖南高考，A篇]...
Cyclists jump on and off pavements (which are meant for pedestrians), ride at speed along the pavements, and think they have a special right to go through traffic lights when they are on red.
I was almost knocked down recently by a cyclist riding on the pavement when there was a cycle lane right next to him.
Other road users, including horse riders, manage to obey the rules so why not cyclists?
It's about time they had to be registered and insured, so when they do hit a pedestrian or a vehicle, or cause an accident, at least they can be traced and there might be an opportunity to claim.
——JML
Write to Viewpoints of the newspaper.
QThe underlined word “they” in the third letter refers to ________.
A.accidents B.vehicles
C.pedestrians D.cyclists
[答案]D指代判斷題。根據第三封信第一段第一句的主語“Cyclists”可知，該信主要是對騎自行車者的抱怨和建議;結合畫線詞所在句中的“they had to be registered and insured, so when they do hit a pedestrian or a vehicle, or cause an accident”可知，騎自行車者應該注冊登記並購買保險，這樣當他們撞上行人或車輛，引發事故時，可以被查出，承擔責任。由此可推知，“they”指代的是“cyclists”。故D項正確。
3.[2015·福建高考，B篇]...
Papa, as a son of a dirtpoor farmer, left school early and went to work in a factory, for ecation was for the rich then. So, the world became his school. With great interest, he read everything he could lay his hands on, listened to the town elders and learned about the world beyond his tiny hometown. “There's so much to learn，” he'd say. “Though we're born stupid, only the stupid remain that way.” He was determined that none of his children would be denied (拒絕) an ecation.
Thus, Papa insisted that we learn at least one new thing each day. Though, as children, we thought this was crazy, it would never have occurred to us to deny Papa a request. And dinner time seemed perfect for sharing what we had learned. We would talk about the news of the day; no matter how insignificant, it was never taken lightly. Papa would listen carefully and was ready with some comment, always to the point.
QThe underlined word “it” in the second paragraph refers to “________”.
A.one new thing B.a request
C.the news D.some comment
[答案]C指代判斷題。根據畫線詞前面的“We would talk about the news of the day; no matter how insignificant”可知，吃晚飯的時候，作者一家人會談論這一天所發生的新聞，不管這些事是多麼的無關緊要。由此可推知，“it”指代的是這句話中的“the news”。故答案選C。
技能演練Have you heard of the term “tweenager” ? It's a new word being used in the UK to describe children between the ages of about 10 and 12. Why are the media suddenly referring to kids in this way?
Well, more and more companies are beginning to create procts and services for tweenagers. The Disney company sells the Hannah Montana television show, music, films and procts to tweenagers and their parents. You can get everything from branded lunchboxes and cellphones, to fan magazines and clothing. The High School Musical series of films is also intended for a tweenage audience. So, it's all about sales, which tells us tweenagers must have more money, freedom and influence upon their parents than they have ever had before.
...
QThe underlined word “they” in the second paragraph most probably refers to “________”.
A.companies B.sales
C.tweenagers D.their parents
答案：C指代判斷題。現在的孩子比以前的孩子有更多的零花錢、更多的自由，以及對家長的影響更大了。這里是拿現在的孩子跟以前的孩子對比，所以選C。
2....
Like Schmid, the editors of several selfpublished art magazines also champion (捍衛) found photographs. One of them,_called simply Found, was born one snowy night in Chicago, when Davy Rothbard returned to his car to find under his wiper (雨刷) an angry note intended for some else：“Why's your car HERE at HER place?” The note became the starting point for Rothbard's addictive publication, which features found photographs sent in by readers, such a poster discovered in our drawer.
...
QThe underlined word “them” in Paragraph 4 refers to ________.
A.the readers
B.the editors
C.the found photographs
D.the selfpublished magazines
答案：D指代判斷題。根據第四段第一句“Like Schmid, the editors of several selfpublished art magazines also champion (捍衛) found photographs.”以及第二句中畫線後的“called simply Found”可推知，them指代“self-published art magazines”，所以選D。
3.[2016·山西聯考]...
The latest Chinese “god song” (an Internet term to describe pop songs that spread virally through the Internet) is still stirring up fierce debates between those who view it as a milestone for Chinese pop music going global and those who regard it as a bad image of China.
Last week, Little Apple, written and performed by the Chopsticks Brothers, won the AMA International Song Award and the_o performed the song at the 2014 American Music Awards in Los Angeles. Another Chinese pop singer, Zhang Jie, won the International Artist Award.
...
QWhat do the underlined words “the o” refer to?
A.Little Apple.
B.Chopsticks Brothers.
C.Zhang Jie.
D.American singers.
答案：B指代判斷題。根據第二段的第一句“Last week, Little Apple, written and performed by the Chopsticks Brothers, won the AMA International Song Award and the_o performed the song at the 2014 American Music Awards in Los Angeles.”可推知，the o的意思是“一對表演者”，此處代指《小蘋果》的表演者“筷子兄弟”，故選B項。
4.[2016·南昌一模]...
Even if trees cannot walk, they are still on the move.
In parts of the Arctic, entire forests are moving northward. Across the Arctic, temperatures are rising faster than anywhere else in the world. As that happens, the tree line that marks where forests stop and the treeless tundra (凍原) starts has been shifting northward. Trees growing along the tree line must protect themselves from the cold wind. To do this,_plants tend to grow horizontal (水平的) branches low to the ground. The energy it takes for trees to grow this way means they don't have enough energy to make seeds.
QWhat does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A.To proce more seeds.
B.To move northward
C.To respond to the climate change.
D.To protect themselves from the cold wind.
㈦ 高考英語閱讀七選五的代詞指代現象
高考英語閱讀七選五是一種難度較高的題型。完形填空考的是填詞，而閱讀七選五考的是填句。考生做這種題型時不僅要考慮上下文的連貫性，而且要應對兩個多餘的干擾項的影響。這兩個干擾項通常被設計得與正確選項非常接近，容易混淆考生的判斷。
高考英語閱讀七選五強調上下文連貫性。這種連貫體現在句子、段落在銜接時會使用邏輯連接詞、代詞等。
本文主要分析的是代詞指代現象。這種題型在2019年全國1、2、3卷均出現，但是更早以前則出現的次數較少。
2019年普通高等學校招生全國統一考試（全國卷I）七選五第40題
原文如下：
Is Fresh Air Really Good for You?
We all grew up hearing people tell us to 「go out and get some fresh air.」 36 According to recent studies，the answer is a big YES，if the air quality in your camping area is good.
37 If the air you』re breathing is clean-which it would be if you』re away from the smog of cities-then the air is filled with life-giving，energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors，your body will learn to breathe more deeply，allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles（肌肉）and your brain.
Recently，people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing（治癒）. 38 In these places patients can go to be near nature ring their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green，growing things can rece stress，lower blood pressure，and put people into a better mood（情緒）.Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients Who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. 39 It gives us a great feeling of peace.
40 While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin, they also give is beneficial Vitamin D. To make sure you get enough Vitamin D—but still protect your skin— put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and that's plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day's worth of Vitamin D.
選項
A. Fresh air cleans our lungs.
B. So what are you waiting for?
C. Being in nature refreshes us.
D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.
E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?
F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate air with health care.
G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
這篇文章主題是關於新鮮空氣的益處。去戶外不只意味著呼吸新鮮空氣，有助於清肺；多看自然景物也有助於調節情緒，保持好心情；同時戶外的陽光也有益處，有助於補充維生素D。
其中，第40題的空格設置在段首。段首設空通常意味著填進去的句子要能承上啟下，尤其是概括本段中心。分析本文結構可知，首段的作用主要是引入話題，而後面幾段是分別列舉去戶外呼吸新鮮空氣的好處，屬於總分結構。在列舉了清肺、調節心情等好處之後，最後一個好處是通過適當的日曬補充維生素D，因此第40題的空格要能夠承上啟下，從上面的好處過渡到最後一個好處。D選項的another side benefit即「另一個附帶好處」可以起來這個作用。
答案
36. E
37. A
38. G
39. C
40. D
2019年普通高等學校招生全國統一考試（全國卷II）39題
Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question:「Should I jump? This is what motivation or the lack of it can do. Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of same coin. 36 Like the child on the diving board, you will stay undecided.
37 More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal? First, you need to evaluate yourself , your values your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires ,etc. Only then should your you』re your goals
You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite important, because it is directly related to your commitment. There are times when your heart is not in your work. 38 So, slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment. Clarity（清晰）of thoughts can help you move forward.
Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible. 39 They also need to be measurable. You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.
Your personal circumstances are equally important. For example, you may want to be a Pilot but can』t become one because your eyesight is not good enough. 40 You should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal.
You will surely need to overcome some difficulties, some planned, but most unplanned. You cannot overcome them without ample motivation. Make sure that you plan for these difficulties at the time of setting your goals.
選項
A. This can affect your work.
B. So how should you motivate yourself?
C. However, this should not discourage you.
D. So why should we try to set specific goals?
E. They can change according to circumstances.
F. Motivation is what you need most to do a good job.
G. Without motivation you can neither set a goal nor reach it
這篇文章是關於遇到多個選擇時，人們容易因為猶豫不決，於是沒有採取任何行動。本文分析了這種現象，並給出了多個建議。
其中第39題屬於段中設空。段中設空通常需要填充的句子能與前後句銜接。仔細品讀本段，
Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible. 39 They also need to be measurable. You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.
前句的意思是「另一種設置現實目標的方法是分析你的長短期目標，記住你的信仰、價值觀和強項。記住這些目標是靈活的。」
後句的意思是「他們也應該可測量。設置目標時，你必須記住這些要點。」
那麼做題時應該注意幾個要點。第一，這里的「他們」指的是什麼呢？ 根據上下文，這個「他們」應該是指目標。第二，在意思上，因為前句提到了目標是「靈活」的，後句提到了「也應該可測量」，那麼中間這個空的句子應該也是指目標的特徵，並且應該能跟前句的意思保持統一，因為後句的「也」意味著已經切換入另一個意思。綜上所述，此空應該包含要點，第一是目標的復數，第二是「靈活」的近義詞。各選項中只有E選項「他們能根據環境而改變」是符合這兩個要求的。
答案
36.G
37.B
38.A
39.E
40.C
大家在留言區寫下自己的答案吧！
2019年普通高等學校招生全國統一考試（全國卷III）38題
In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important. 36 While I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can arise. Students should be able to extend the logic（邏輯）of each to their particular circumstance.
Do's
• 37 Questions about subject content are generally welcomed. Before asking questions about the course design, read the syllabus（教學大綱）and learning management system information to be sure the answer isn't hiding in plain sight.
• Participate in discussion forums（論壇）, blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue. 38 Be sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant information. Make a point, and make it safe for others to do the same.
Don'ts
• Don't share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor. 39
• Don't openly express annoyance at a professor or class. 40 When a student attacks a professor on the social media, the language used actually says more about the student. If there is truly a concern about a professor's professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly offer your comments.
A. That's what they are for.
B. Turn to an online instructor for help.
C. If more information is needed, they will ask.
D. Remember that online professors get a lot of emails.
E. Below are some common do's and don' ts for online learners.
F. Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another.
G. Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.
答案
36. E
37. G
38. A
39. C
40. F
㈧ 請問高考英語閱讀理解的指代題怎麼解答謝謝。
同學你好，我是來自新東方優能學習中心的老師鍾雷。
指代類題型類回似於完形填空中填名詞答的題目。這種題目的解答方法一般注意這幾個字即可：就近承前指代。高考中出現的題目，答案一般在這個代詞出現之前的一句話到兩句話的文章中。只需要看這兩句話中出現的名詞中哪個最合適就可以了。做完後可以將名詞代入代詞的位置檢驗。
祝你取得好成績！