講生物技術的英語閱讀

Ⅰ 英語作文 生物技術的優點

The main features of the new biotechnology

Main features:
(A) to break a few thousand years can not be genetically distant hybridization of the law, breaking the barrier between species. Any one can introce a gene to give it new life forms and genetic characteristics, for example, a bacterial toxin genes into cotton, the pest-resistant cotton to obtain the performance; Another example would be a certain kind of virus genes into tobacco or vegetables, leaving the latter to obtain new varieties of plant virus resistance; and if the growth hormone gene into pigs may get fish or fish or fast-growing new breed pigs and so on. This is the transgenic plants or transgenic animals, which is breeding history of a great revolution.

(B) provides a direct means or artificial gene or protein synthesis, or the use of simple microbes to mass proction of useful proteins, important for human and animal disease prevention, treatment and diagnosis. You can even change the nature of protein to make it more in line with people's needs, which is protein engineering. In the past, a very small amount of protein in the body, difficult to extract, can now be mass proced using E. coli fermentation, resulting in the formation of new biological treatment, and pharmaceutical instry.

(C) provide a means of gene therapy in the treatment and prevention on a genetic level, for the treatment of difficult to treat genetic diseases, cancer and so on.

Emerging biotechnology instry benefits

New biotechnology for developing countries provides a useful means to develop their national economy, the advantages are: 1, low investment, high value, short, quick; 2, the use of natural renewable energy sources, bacteria can be infinitely blooms; 3, the new bio-genetically engineered varieties of bacteria are relative genetic stability, can be continuous, long-term use it to create wealth; 4, generally no environmental pollution.

Trend of development of biotechnology

Over the last decade the international development of biotechnology, summarized as the following significant trends and characteristics:

(A) rapid genetic manipulation techniques, continuous improvement, especially in gene transfer technology, gene amplification, gene cloning, gene modification technology, and through commercial channels, selling a full set of reagents specific technology, to promote. Currently, gene technology has been extended to the grassroots level, such as clinicians using gene amplification technology diagnostic difficult cases.

(B) the biological treatment by leaps and bounds. New drugs and vaccines have been about 20 new procts on the market, has generated huge economic and social benefits, the pharmaceutical instry will face this century update.

(C) genetically modified plants and animals have a major breakthrough. Insect-resistant, anti-virus vegetables and other crops, insect-resistant cotton, has entered the practical stage, the beginning of this century, we can promote socially acceptable insect-resistant, anti-virus crops. Cultivate salinity, drought-resistant crops, in this century will be realized. Introction of new bio-technological innovation throughout the agriculture, is estimated to be fully operational by 2030.

(D) of the human genome as a major international collaboration between scientific issues, the development of new drugs offer good prospects.

(E) expectations for gene therapy to make significant progress. Since 1990, treatment of one case of congenital immune deficiency has been only four years the object of gene therapy has been rapidly extended to the treatment of cancer, AIDS, hepatitis B, cardiovascular and other serious diseases. Estimated beginning of this century, cancer, AIDS and other serious diseases prevention and control is expected to achieve a breakthrough.

Emerging biotechnology applications in agriculture

Biotechnology is important for China's high agricultural techniques, including the development of high yielding, high quality, stress-resistant new varieties of plants and animals, nitrogen fixation, Livestock and other major diseases prevention and control. Currently, the emerging biotechnology applications in agriculture mainly in the areas of genetically modified plants and animals.

Transgenic plants such as tobacco mosaic virus resistance in tobacco, cotton bollworm resistance, insect-resistant vegetables, anti-rotten tomatoes.

Transgenic animals such as fast-growing fish, milk secretion of a large number of effective drugs in sheep or other animals.

Genetically engineered micro-organisms such as agriculture, transformation of symbiotic nitrogen fixation joint fixation or engineering bacteria to enhance nitrogen fixation, with toxic gene engineered bacteria used as pesticides.

Veterinary vaccines using genetically engineered recombinant D NA technologies and the development of veterinary vaccines for serious infectious disease prevention.

Engineering for the rapid propagation of bovine embryos cattle breeding, embryo division, variant development.

Emerging biotechnology applications in medicine

Biological treatment is the use of D NA recombinant technology or other new biotechnology disease prevention and treatment, based on current progress, the biological treatment should include broad restructuring and reorganization of D NA protein drugs drugs into two categories:

1, the recombinant protein drugs: treatment, including cytokines, anti-cytokines treatment, treatment of immune protection, guidance toxins, drugs based on gene transcription factors, monoclonal antibody therapeutic agents, vaccines, treatments and so on. 2, recombinant D NA drugs: drugs, including oligonucleotides, gene therapy and gene vaccines.

Biotechnology can also be used for process, energy and other instrial applications, including starch, amino acids, enzymes, antibiotics, polymers, methanol proction, control of environmental pollution, oil drilling and mining and so on. However, the current focus on medicine and agriculture, today's biotechnology applications in medicine accounted for more than 60% of biotechnology, has formed a new instrial biotechnology procts mainly in medicine.

China's 863 major biotechnology objectives and progress

Main strategic objectives are:

Developed hybrid rice yield than the existing 15% of hybrid rice, and large scale; developed with significant market value of the fast-growing fish; 10 to 15 species of high-tech biotech drugs and vaccines to market, the basic formation of our biological field high-tech instry, annual turnover of 1 billion yuan; strive to put 50% of the results of the application; the main aspects of biotechnology to the current international standards, and in hybrid rice, transgenic plants, hepatitis and cancer prevention and control of new drugs and vaccines in the formation of the country's characteristics, including some of the items in the international leading level; build a number of bio-tech research and development base; train a group of cross-century high-tech talent.

To this end, the establishment of three themes: First, high-quality, anti-animal and plant new varieties; second new drugs, vaccines and gene therapy; third protein engineering. Consists of five major projects and 12 thematic projects.

Achievements sum up, have the following main aspects:

Two-line hybrid rice research has made significant progress; genetically modified plants, animals, breakthrough progress; have been homozygous for insect-resistant cotton, trypsin inhibitor gene transfer of cotton also continue to differentiate in vitro germination, disease tobacco has been widely promoted has received a number of fast-growing transgenic common carp; recombinant microorganisms have been used for agricultural proction, increase yield, saving more than 2 kg nitrogen per acre; recombinant hepatitis B vaccine proction technology reached the international advanced level, there are other cholera three kinds of new vaccines into the pilot, several countries linked technology transfer issues; genetically engineered peptide drugs to achieve instrialization, recombinant interferon and interleukin-2 of the annual output of about 50 million yuan; hemophilia B gene therapy leading position in the international arena; basic research in biotechnology innovation results; our basic grasp of today's biological scientists, main areas of cutting-edge technology, driven by 863 and radiation, biological technology in China have a greater degree of popularity, China's large Hospital began to use P CR technology for disease diagnosis.

Challenges and Opportunities

Looking ahead, China's population growth and land shortage is a long-standing conflicts, and international rapid development of modern biotechnology is expected to bring the Green Revolution, is the hope to resolve this contradiction. China's development of biotechnology has many advantages, so we should: focus on clinical efficacy as soon as possible develop a number of clear, non-infringement of foreign patent procts; development group is currently abroad, as soon as possible in the clinical stage Ⅰ, Ⅱ trials, drug proction has not yet been license, with great prospect of the drug, the use of our clinical trials of favorable conditions, it is possible in the case of infringement of foreign patents, required to complete our clinical stage Ⅰ, Ⅱ trial, treatment of new indications, first to the market ; considering the development of a number of foreign patent expire early this century and has great application value in our pro

Ⅱ 誰幫我寫篇七八十字左右的英文介紹下生物技術專業

Biotechnology is the development of modern biology and its related disciplines and cross-proct integration, its core is based on recombinant DNA technology, genetic engineering centers, including microbial engineering, biochemical engineering, cell engineering and bio-procts and other fields.

Ⅲ 急急急！各位英語高手，幫我寫一篇《科普知識與現代科技》為話題的初中作文！〔加上作文翻譯〕拜託拜託

資料
人類跨入21世紀，世界發生了多少驚人的變化。在人們為科學技術突飛猛進的發展欣喜之餘，又經歷了更好的不安甚至災難。除了對高科技特別是生物科技的發展所帶來的恐慌之外，戰爭和疾病似乎直接將人類帶到了地獄之門。
2003年SARS的流行，包括對SARS的所有猜測，都直接和人們日益關注的全球問題相關聯：生物安全。生物安全是對生物危害的檢測、評價、監測、防範和治理的科學技術體系，是研究各種生物因素對人類健康的影響，應用已有的理論知識，技術、工程設計和設備等，防止從事相關工作的人員、實驗室和環境受到具有潛在傳染性的物質和生物毒害物質的危害的一門新興邊緣學科。生物安全問題至少表現為以下幾個方面：
傳染病的巨大危害
傳染病包括人、動物、植物傳染病，尤其是人類傳染病是最重要的生物安全問題，傳染病仍是全球死亡病因的首位，在我國，傳染病仍然嚴重威脅人民健康和國家安全。SARS的流行是一個強有力的證明。另外肝炎、結核、流感等傳染病每年仍在全國部分地區、世界部分國家和地區流行或暴發
生物武器和生物恐怖的潛在威脅
20世紀整個國際社會為禁止生物武器進行了不懈的努力，取得了一些進展。然而，進入21世紀，生物武器的潛在威脅卻已大大增加，一些國家和地區可能仍在繼續研製和發展生物武器，另外生物技術的迅速發展大大增加了生物武器的潛在威脅，以美國「炭疽事件」為標志的生物恐怖對國際安全已經構成了現實威脅。香港大學微生物學系主任袁國勇是首位分離出冠狀病毒，並發現冠狀病毒變種是SARS病原的學者。SARS病毒屬於RNA病毒，這種病毒的特性就是很容易與其他病毒基因進行重組，進而變成為新病毒。而且許多實驗結果也顯示，以這改變方式產生的新病毒，毒性會比親代病毒更強。許多動物身上都可以找到冠狀病毒，而這種病毒又很容易出現變種，極具危險性。因此，袁國勇認為SARS病毒很有潛質，成為除了天花以外製作生化武器的病原。
生物技術的負面作用
生物技術的負面作用主要表現為：一是人們在開發利用生物技術時，有可能出現意想不到的安全問題。正如目前廣受關注的各類轉基因活生物體環境釋放後對生物多樣性所構成的危害。此外，基因工程葯物、疫苗，轉基因食品，基因治療等都可能存在類似問題。生物技術的誤用以及生物技術的非道德應用也可能帶來很大的安全隱患。體細胞克隆人的研究使是突出一例。
生物資源及生物多樣性面臨的威脅
從生物安全的角度來講，外來物種的入侵、生物資源的流失有可能給國家利益造成巨大損害。轉基因生物體環境釋放對生物多樣性帶來很大威脅。
微生物學實驗室的安全隱患
較其他理化實驗室或其他各類實驗室而言，微生物和生物醫學實驗室是一個特殊的實驗室，在其中工作的每一個人以及與其接觸的周圍環境，都存在很高的患有感染性疾病或影響身體健康的危險。微生物實驗室管理上的疏漏和意外事故不僅可以導致實驗室工作人員的感染，也可造成環境污染和大面積人群感染。國內外實驗室意外感染的事故並不少見，嚴重者不得不宰殺成千上萬只實驗動物，甚至導致實驗室工作人員死亡。
目前隨著生物技術的迅猛發展，生物安全問題已經成為影響整個國家、整個世界政治、經濟、安全與和平的大命題。近年來，特別是美國「炭疽感染事件」後，生物安全問題備受國內外關注，生物安全術語也經常見諸於政府或非政府組織文件，見諸於各類媒體。SARS的全球流行無疑會使全世界各國更加關注生物安全問題，並將其作為國家安全的組成部分。
隨著經濟的發展、人民生活節奏的加快和生活水平的提高，塑料的用量
與日俱增。1996年，我國的塑料包裝用量達243萬噸，年平均增長率超過
20％，特別是城市、主要交通沿線、旅遊景點的垃圾中塑料廢棄物迅速增加。
據調查，北京的生活垃圾年產量已達300萬噸，其中廢塑料約佔3％，年增
長率達48％。沿海地區城市的垃圾中塑料成分更高，達8－10％。這些廢
塑料在垃圾中占的比例若以體積計算，已達三分之一以上，而且大大增加了
垃圾處理的難度和費用。
由於廢塑料幾百年都難以降解，若丟棄在自然環境中，會給蚊子、蒼蠅和
細菌提供生存繁育的溫床；若埋藏在地下，則容易污染地下水，妨礙植物根
系生長，破壞土壤品質，影響作物收成；若用火焚燒處理，將產生多種有毒氣
體。「白色污染」已成為當前危害我國社會環境的一大公害，嚴重阻礙了我國
經濟和環境的可持續發展。
目前我國一次性餐具的年消費量約100億只，主要為發泡塑料製品，要禁
止生產和銷售使用這些量大面廣的一次性發泡塑料餐具，就要開發生產其替代
用品，綠色一次性餐具由此應運而生。有關專家認為，綠色一次性餐具的開發
與生產正在成為我國新興的環保產業。
12月中旬，科技部會同國家經貿委、環保總局、鐵道部聯合召開了綠色一
次性餐具技術開發交流會，會上，記者采訪了中國農村技術開發中心負責人
王志學以及幾家生產企業的經營管理者。
王志學說：目前我國開發生產的綠色一次性餐具按原料種類，可分為紙
漿類、稻殼類、秸稈類和澱粉類。我國現有上百家企業生產紙制一次性餐具，
年生產能力約為30億只。
紙餐具的原料生產過程中污染嚴重，成本較高，且本身強度及防水抗濕
性較差，因此，它的推廣應用有較大的局限性，人們就自然把眼光投向了別
處，向科技要效益。如以稻殼為原料生產稻殼類餐具，我國現在有十幾家這種
類型的企業，年生產能力約1．5億只；秸稈類餐具以農作物的秸稈為主要
原料，我國目前也有十幾個廠家，年生產能力達7500萬只；澱粉類餐具以薯類
澱粉為主要原料，它的降解性好，回收後可做飼料。總而言之，國家對綠色一
次性餐具的研究與開發很重視，通過科技攻關、星火計劃、火炬計劃等科技發
展計劃給予大力支持，不少企業的綠色一次性餐具的生產技術已比較成熟，具
備了產業化的基礎。
武漢遠東綠世界集團公司就是以澱粉為原料，進行綠色一次性餐具科技攻
關和開發，經濟效益初具端倪的公司。該公司總裁蘇笑海的經歷頗具傳奇色彩：
他原來在湖北輕工學院學的是工藝美術，1984年進武漢大學讀的是哲學碩士
學位，後在德國學習和工作，歐洲的環境保護對他觸動很大，就萌生了回國搞
環保產業的念頭。蘇笑海告訴記者：我學過工藝美術，是位唯美主義者，我今
天投身綠色餐具這樣的環保事業，就是發端於我對美的最初認識；而美學的延
伸，說到底也是一種哲學。
在1992年至1996年間，遠東綠世界公司開發的再生紙板一次性餐具和葦漿
模塑成型餐飲具由於科技含量較低等原因，生產規模一直未能擴大。1996年公
司派員考察了歐洲市場生物降解包裝用品的技術情況，認為開發植物澱粉生產
全降解一次性餐具用品可能是消除「白色污染」的一種途徑。1997年，由一批食
品、化學、機械專家組成，公司重點投資開發了全降解一次性餐飲用品，該項目
列入1997年度國家級火炬計劃項目。
他們吸收國外先進技術，結合國內紙餐具的生產工藝進行了一系列的創新：利
用國內資源豐富的紅薯、玉米等澱粉為主要原料，代替了國外單一的價格較高的
土豆澱粉；在紅薯澱粉原料中增加了20％的天然纖維，使餐飲具增加了明顯的強
度，再運用食品膨化的加工技術使產品具有重量輕和柔軟性；增加強度表面噴塗
處理及整形的設備，使生產出的餐飲用品具有防水、防油、耐熱的功能等。蘇笑
海做了個生動的比喻：就好比是建築材料中的鋼筋水泥，紅薯澱粉是那水泥，而
切碎攪拌進去的各種乾草和植物的根莖就是那鋼筋，這樣才能使餐具的強度明顯
增強。
遠東綠世界生產的以澱粉為原料的餐具產品，委託德國SGS機構參照國際食品
包裝標准進行測試，盛裝在攝氏100度的熱水及熱油二小時以上完全不變形，保
溫性能優異。由於澱粉及添加劑均為天然植物原料，產品降解性能優異，經國家環
境測試中心測試表明，10天左右可降解90％以上，一個月內可以完全降解。
據介紹，由於該項目採用的是植物澱粉和植物纖維，成本較低，每一個有蓋飯
盒成本為0.12元左右，無蓋飯盒及碗、盤成本為0.07元左右，具有廣闊的市場前景。
目前，遠東綠世界公司擬投資1.6億元，興建年產50億雙一次性筷子、35億只各類
碗、盤、盒等產品的大型全降解綠色一次性餐具生產基地，項目達產後，每年可以
新增產值6.25億元，新增利稅約1.3億元。基地的土建工程已於今年3月份動工，
已建成標准廠房2萬平方米，如果後續資金能得到保證，預計1999年底即可達產.
蘇笑海說：我們的科技優勢是明顯的，今後能創造的社會效益也是明顯的：用澱粉
製作的一次性衛生筷子，其功能指標完全可以代替一次性木筷，僅此一項，每年即
可為國家節約木材資源近50萬立方米；集團如果能達產，每年預計要使用20萬噸
以上的紅薯，加工成澱粉原料10萬余噸，還可以使貧困地區10多萬人口脫貧，促
進老區農業產業化的發展。
汕頭綠恆實業有限公司從前幾年開始，對稻殼制綠色一次性餐具進行開發，目
前也初步具備了工業化規模生產的能力，公司生產的稻殼制的一次性包裝容器，特
別是提供超級市場使用的食品包裝器皿等產品，已經開始試銷日本、台灣、美國等
地。
綠恆公司生產的綠色一次性餐具，是將稻殼粉碎過篩，然後與幾種可食性的有
機高分子粘接劑加水混合，再經沖壓成型、烘乾、噴塗等工藝，生產出不同形狀的
盤、碗等器皿。
綠恆事業有限公司總經理紀曉鵬說：一次性餐具以稻殼為原料，不但在我國資
源豐富，取之不盡用之不竭，而且它使用後可迅速在土壤里降解，可謂一舉兩得。
綠恆公司目前已有一條生產線在運營，其投資約為980萬元，生產能力為40萬
個餐具／天，目前達20萬個餐具／天。年產值約為3600萬元，預計投資回收期約
一年半，投資利潤約在30％左右，生產技術和產品質量已通過了廣東省科委組織的
技術鑒定和食品衛生部門的檢驗。據介紹，該公司為了更好地將產品推向市場，規
模經營，擬在近期內成立集團性公司，並且要投入資金進行技術改造，以期使生產
線的自動化程度更高。
據科技部主持召開的綠色餐具技術開發交流會介紹，1998年7月18日，溫家
寶副總理在太湖流域水污染防治工作會議上，專門提出要在一年內解決長江、太湖、
鐵路沿線的「白色污染」，要求國務院有關部門重點抓好三項工作，一是加強管理，
禁止亂扔垃圾；二是停止使用一次性發泡塑料餐具；三是盡快研製和批量生產替代
品。11月14日，李嵐清副總理在第12次全國愛國衛生運動委員會工作會議上，也
提出發泡塑料餐具替代品的推廣應用問題。看來，綠色一次性餐具已引起了中央領
導同志以及科技、環保等有關部門的高度重視，它作為一個新興的環保產業，可謂
生而恰逢其時，現在，既需要我們能夠攀登科學高峰的科技人員繼續從事攻關和開
發，需要我們懂經營、善管理的企業家加大技術創新的力度和市場開拓，也需要我
們有遠見卓識的金融家、風險投資家慧眼識珠，給予綠色一次性餐具的產業化以足
夠的資金投入。
我國從事綠色一次性餐具開發和產業化的企業大多目前生產規模較小，抗禦風
浪的能力較弱，而且其中不少是民營企業，需要政府部門給予足夠的產業政策上的
支持和引導，有個較好的開局，使這個新興的綠色環保產業能得以健康、持續地發
展.

Ⅳ 求英語的閱讀20篇小短文並寫出主題思想，急需！！！

20篇文字太多,有字數限制,沒方法了
1,The Earth—— Mother
Pcople often say that the earth is like our mother. She gives life to all the living things on the earth and provides us with air, food, water and other essential things we need for living.
Once she was beautifhl and rich, but now she becomes dirtier and dirtier, poorer and poorer. It is e to what we have done to her. Please have a good look at her: polluted rivers and lakes, growing deserts, the destruction of the forests and wild life, and the depletion of the ozone layer…
Can she bear to see her children putting the waste here and there? Can she bear too see her children cutting down the trees and destroying the grassland, to see the acid rain destroying everything? Can we bear to see our mother suffering so much? Isn' it time for us to ask ourselves whether this is the way to treat our mother?
Floods, draughts, acid rain…,these are the punishments from nature. Everyone should know that there is only one earth, lfwe go on treating her like this, it won' t be fit for us to live in any longer. It' s time for us to love her, take good care of her and cure her. We should save the earth so as to save ourselves.
地球——我們的母親
人們經常說地球就像我們的母親.她給了地球上所有生物生命,給我們提供生活所必需的空氣、食物、水和一切基本的需要.
曾經她美麗富饒,而現在她變得越來越臟,越來越貧脊,那都是我們造成的.請好好看一看她：受污染的江河湖海、擴張的沙漠、森林和野生生物的毀滅、臭氧層的耗盡……
她能忍受她的孩子到處亂扔廢棄物嗎?她能忍受她的孩子砍伐樹木、毀壞草原,讓酸雨毀滅一切嗎?我們能忍受她遭受這樣的痛苦嗎?我們該問問我們自己,這就是我們對待母親的方式嗎?
洪水、乾旱、酸雨……這些都是自然對我們的懲罰.每個人都應該清楚人類只有一個地球.如果我們繼續這樣對待她,她將不再適合我們居住了.是該我們好好愛她、照顧她、治療她的時候了.我們應該拯救地球,以便拯救我們自己.
2.My favourite teacher is Miss Huang. She is a beautiful lady. She has two big eyes, a high nose and a little red mouth. There is always a smile on her face.
Miss Huang likes singing and collecting posters. She is good at playing the piano. In the evening, she always sits in front of the piano and plays nice music. She is good at dancing, too. Sometimes she teaches us dancing.
Miss Huang likes dogs very much because the dog is very friendly and cute. Her favourite color is blue. Because blue is the color of the sky and the sea.
This is my favourite teacher. Our classmates all like her very much.
我最喜歡的老師是黃老師.她是一位漂亮的女性.她有兩只大大的眼睛,一個高高的鼻子和一張小小的紅唇.她的臉上總帶著笑容.
黃老師喜歡唱歌和收集海報.她鋼琴彈得很好.晚上,她常常坐在鋼琴前彈奏優美的樂曲.黃老師跳舞也很棒.有時她也會教我們跳舞.
黃老師非常喜歡狗,因為狗很友好也很可愛.黃老師最喜歡的顏色是藍色,因為藍色是天空和海的顏色.
這就是我喜歡的老師.我們班的同學都非常喜歡她.
3A Letter to Haiqing
Dear Haiqing,
I am very sorry to learn that you are unhappy now. But I don' t think you should be unhappy.
I know that your iamily is not rich. So your parents can' t afford to buy you something of famous brands, which makes you unhappy. But they have sent you to school so that you can receive good ecation and have abreght future. This is not easy for your parents. So you should think about your parents. Don't ask for something that is out of your parents' reach. Don' t be vain-glorious.
I also thind you should put your heart into study. Read more books and then you can get a lot from reading. Without the famous brand competition you will become happy.
I hope I can help you out of unhappiness. Wish you happy.
Yours,
Huang Ping
給海青的一封信
親愛的海青：
我知道你現在悶悶不樂,感到很難過.但是,我並不認為你應該如此.
我知道你的家庭不富裕,所以你父母買不起名牌給你,這使你不高興.但是他們送你來學校讀書,使你能夠接受良好的教育並有一個光明的未來,這對你的父母來說並不容易.你應當考慮一下你的父母.不要要求得到超出你父母能力范圍的東西,不要愛慕虛榮.
我也認為你應該將精力投入到學習中去.讀更多的書,你能從中學到很多.沒有名牌的攀比,我想你會變得快樂.
希望能幫助消除不快.祝你快樂.
你的朋友 黃平
4Pollution: a Social Problem
When we read newspapers, we often come across the word pollution. This word was not familiar to the people some decades ago. But now, it is a serious threat to us because.it means the poisoning of the air, seas, rivers and lands, which would do harm to our health.
There are many factories that bring pollution to us. We can not have fresh air in the morning. This is mainly because of the poisonous smoke coming from factories, especially chemical ones. In rivers, seas and oceans, there are instrial wastes. Some factories just throw their wastes into seas or let them flow into rivers. When people drink the water from such rivers, they get poisoned. Besides, there is rubbish from ships and when sometimes an accident occurs in an ocean, oil flows out from tankers.
On land, the accumulation of rubbish in the streets may dirty the city and ruin our health. This is mainly e to the improper disposal of rubbish by people.
If we do mot fight against pollution, surely one day all of us will be killed. Some people like to put the blame on the instrial revolutions. On the contrary, the pollution problem will be solved only with the help of modem science and technology.
污染——一個社會問題
我們看報的時候,經常會看到「污染」這個詞.這個詞對於幾十年前的人來說並不熟悉.然而對於我們來說,它是一個嚴重的威脅,因為它意味著危害空氣、海洋、河流和土地,進而對我們造成傷害.
有很多工廠給我們帶來了污染.早上我們呼吸不到新鮮的空氣.這主要是因為這些工廠里排放出有毒的氣體,尤其是化工廠.在江河湖海里到處都有工業垃圾.一些工廠把廢棄物排放到江河和海洋里.人們喝了這裡面的水就會中毒.除此之外,還有從船上扔下來的垃圾和海洋里發生事故的船隻流出來的油.
在陸地上,街道上亂扔的垃圾不僅影響市容,還危害我們的健康.這主要是因為人們對垃圾的不正確的處理.
我們如果不對污染採取措施,總有一天我們會被殺死的.有些人總愛把這歸咎於工業革命.相反,污染問題還必須靠現代科學和技術來解決.
5Traditional Teaching Method
Do your teachers still use traditional techniques to teach you nowadays? A revol- ution in teaching techniques is required now. In the past, we just took it for granted that a teacher' s aim was to teach the students all that he knew and solve all the problems for them. Therefore, students could mot judge things on their own under this circumstance. Thus students graally lost the ability to learn by themselves. In addition, they were only equipped with the knowledge that were taught in class and made the same judgement upon every problem which might crop up. Of course, they would find their knowledge not enough to solve practical problems.
So it is time to change the teaching method. A teacher' s goal is to help the students develop not only the ability to learn by themselves but the skills to make judgements on every aspect on their own. It' s not necessary for the students to turn to teachers for help while meeting with difficulties. The first thing is to develop the students' abilities to make sound judgements upon any problem and overcome difficulties.
All in all, the aim of teaching is to liberate, but mot to fetter the students' innate powers of making sound judgements.
傳統教育方式
你的老師還在用傳統方法授課嗎?現在教育方式的改革需要進行.過去,老師把他所有的知識教給學生,並幫學生解決他們所有的難題,這似乎是理所當然的.因此,在這種情況下,學生不能自我判斷,也慢慢失去自學能力.另外,他們只能學到課堂上的東西,面對任一突發事件都會作出同樣的判斷.當然,他 們業余感到所學知識不足以解決實際問題.
因此,是到了改變教育目標的時候了.老師的目的不光是幫助學生培養自學能力,還應教給他們獨立判斷的方法.學生一旦面臨難題就請教老師是不必要的.重要的是讓學生具有獨立判斷並能克服困難的能力.
總而言之,教育目標是解放而不是限制學生判斷事物的內在能力.
6,How to study English?
Study English,You do need to use English with speakers who are not teachers of English. This isn』t easy, since everyone feels constrained speaking English with friends with whom it would be natural to use a shared mother tongue. Joining an English Club is a good idea and joining a club with an international membership (where English is in use at least some of the time) is, for many people, even better. If nothing like this is accessible, you might consider what would be involved in getting something going.
活用英文樂趣多 活用英文樂趣多
你需要常常和英語教師以外的人士用英語交談.這當然很不容易,因為與母語相同的人自由交談時,彼此若用英語交談總會覺得很不自在.亦可參加英語俱樂部或國際會員的俱樂部（至少有時使用英語溝通）,這樣對很多人而言更有益.如果沒有合適的社團可加入,也不妨考慮任何足以提高英語能力的機會.第一篇：THE NEWSPAPER 報 紙
Nowadays the newspaper possesses considerable value Everybody should read it. It supplies us with a variety of news every day. It tells us the political situation of the world. If we form the habit of reading the newspaper, we shall (will) get enough knowledge to cope with our circumstances.
現今報紙擁有極大的價值,人人都應該看它.它每天提供我們各種類類的消息.它告訴我們世界政治局勢.如果我們養成看報的習慣,我們就能得到足夠的知識來因應我們的環境.學生雖然每天須做功課,但他們至少應該勻出一兩個小時來看報.哪些,他們不但能增加知識而且也能趕上時代.總而言之,看報對學生很有益處.
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7：MY DAILY LIFE 我的日常生活
Though my daily life is extremely monotonous, I try hard to adapt myself to it. Why? Because I intend to be a good student. I wish to render service to my country.
I get up at six o』clock every day. After I wash my face and brush my teeth, I begin to review my lessons. I go to school at seven o』clock.
After school is over, I return home. We usually have supper at seven o』clock.
Then I begin to do my homework. I want to finish it before I go to bed.
雖然我的日常生活十分單調,但我卻竭力設法去適應它.為什麼?因為我打算做一個好學生,希望將來為國家服務.
我每天六點起床、洗臉刷牙後,就開始復習功課,七點鍾我就去上學.
放學後,我就回家了.我們通常在七點鍾吃晚餐,之後我就開始做家庭作業,希望在睡覺前把它做完.
8A MODEL STUDENT 模範學生
Do you mind being called a bad student? Of course not. So far as I know, everybody intends to be (become) a model student.
However, to be a model student is by no means an easy thing. First, he must do his best to obtain knowledge. A man without sufficient knowledge will not succeed. Secondly, he must remember to improve his health. Only a strong man can do great tasks. Thirdly, he should receive moral ecation. If his conct is not good, no one will consider making friends with him.
你價意被稱為壞學生嗎?當然不.就我所知,每個人都打算做模範學生.
然而,做模範學生卻不容易.第一,他必須盡力獲得知識（求知）.一個沒有足夠知識的人是不會成功的.第二,他必須記住促進健康.只有強壯的人才能做大事.第三,他應該接受道德教育.如果他品行不好,沒有人會考慮和他交朋友的.

讀書是一好事,但我們必須多加註意書的選擇.不錯,我們能從好書中獲得益處.然而,壞書卻對我們有害無益.

Ⅳ 生物工程生物技術專業英語的內容提要

《生物工程來/生物技術 專業英語》是源根據《大學英語專業閱讀階段教學基本要求(試行)》而編寫的,本書可供理工科院校生物工程專業、生物技術專業及相關專業學生使用,也可作為生物工程技術人員學習英語或其他科技人員了解生物工程的入門參考書。
本書共分9章,約10萬詞,內容選自兩本著名的生物工程科普書,系統性強,覆蓋生物工程的主要領域,包括:微生物生長和代謝的生物化學,誘變育種,基因重組,發酵,酶和固定化細胞技術,產品回收,檢測儀表,動、植物細胞培養等。本書力求將英語與專業緊密結合,通過專業閱讀提高英語基礎及其應用能力。
本書的特色在於:1.對專業內容給出科普性質的注釋以幫助閱讀理解;2.結合課文給出注釋或以習題形式介紹科技英語中常用的或易混淆的語法、詞與片語的用法、句型等;3.附有詳盡的詞彙表並注有音標;4.習題量多,包括釋義,辨義、造句、翻譯和寫作等,翻譯習題取自課文,寫作習題取自專業文獻,重點在專業論文或摘要的常用表示方法。

Ⅵ 英語翻譯（生物技術）

Mostcellular proteins are manufactured on ribosomes in the cytoplasm. Exportable proteins and membrane proteins areusually made in association with the endoplasmic reticulum.
核糖體的數量變化從幾百到幾千，核糖體是氨基酸組裝成蛋內白質的重要場所。完整容的核糖體由大亞基和小亞基組成。核糖體沿著mRNA移動並閱讀遺傳密碼，翻譯成蛋白質。

Ⅶ 英文翻譯高手請進（關於微生物、醫療營養健康等）

單核增生李斯特氏菌：Listeria monocyto-genes
生物技術BioTechnology
畜產品animal proct
糖尿病diabetes
番茄紅素 Lycopene
1、summarization of the research progress of Listeria monocyto-genes rapid-detection technology
2、summarization of the research progress in using biotechnology in the treatment of diabetes
3、summarization of the research progress of food safety issues about animal proct
4、discussions about importance and trends of nutrition and health through children's nutrition survey analysis results(這句翻的挺累的)
5、content measurement and analysis of lgG
6、summarization of instrumental analysis methods of lycopene
大功告成
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大魔法師
Leppen
讓機器翻譯見鬼去吧
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回那位自稱英語學院畢業的不敢透露id的朋友：以上的話我是針對那些總是拿著機器翻譯的東西來濫竽充數的人的——不會翻譯或者不想翻譯就不要湊熱鬧，何必拿機器翻譯的給人家搗亂呢？你說對吧。