高考英語閱讀介紹

Ⅰ 高考英語閱讀文章的文體分類

高考英語閱讀文章的文體分類

閱讀是一種理解、吸收、鑒賞、評價文章的思維過錯。完成這個思維過程，則需要經過認知、分析、綜合、理解、記憶、感受、判斷等程序。文體類別不同，決定著敘述風格的差異。掌握文體風格，識別文章敘述結構，對正確領悟文章主旨有極大的幫助。下面我給大家整理了高考英語閱讀文章的文體分類以及答題技巧，歡迎大家閱讀參考!

一、英語閱讀文體類型簡析

高考英語閱讀常見的文體類型有：記敘文、議論文、說明文和應用文。

[1]記敘文。

英語記敘文以描寫敘述為主，主要描寫人物、事件、地點、或過程。特點是，其主題往往潛伏在字里行間，沒有直接地表白出來;文章主旨要透過體察所揭示的人物、事件來進行提煉。描寫手法大多按時間跨度、空間順序、上下順序來展開。閱讀記敘文體應採取略讀和掃讀的方法，快速抓住文中描寫的主要內容，從整體上去把握文章的連貫性，進而大體上揣測出作者的寫作意圖及情感主線。高考閱讀就記敘文設題大多以細節理解為主。

[2]議論文。

英語議論文通常為三段式，即“論點、論據、結論”三部份組成。首先藉助某一現象引出論點，然後通過一定論據從各個層面上加以推理論證，最後得出結論。議論文體主要考查學生對論點及論據的把握。因此，遇到議論文體時，應採取抓主題句的方法來把握文章主旨，弄清作者的觀點。一般來說，作者的論點通常在文章首段被引出，接著是對這一論點的邏輯推理和論證，最後為結論。還應注意的是：在對論點論證的過程中，每一段的首句都是該段的主題句。把握全文論點、弄清論證各段的主題句、理解文章層次、找出中心論點的位置是理解議論文的關鍵。

就議論文而言，其論證的常見結構方式有：

1，總分式 總---分;分----總;總----分---總;

2，並列式 幾個論據之間屬於平等關系;

3，遞進式 幾個論據之間屬於遞進關系;

4，對照式 把兩種事物加以對比，以彰顯其中一種。

[3]說明文。

英語說明文的總體結構通常為三部份，說明對象、說明過程和歸納總結。常見的說明方法：

1，定義與詮釋說明;

2，舉例與引用說明;

3，分類與圖表說明;

4，比較與比喻說明;

5，分析與綜合說明;

就高考英語說明文的閱讀而言，首先要抓住文章說明的要點，也就是要抓住被說明對象的實質性特徵;弄清作者從哪個角度、哪個層面開始說明;並明白文章最後的說明結論。高考說明文閱讀材料通常介紹最新科技、重大成就、生活時尚、流行現象等。了解說明文的寫作手法、說明方法，理清短文結構及段落中心思想是答題關鍵。

[4]應用文。

英語應用文屬於實用型文體，如書信、通知、日記、廣告等。應用文閱讀要注意文中具體細節的把握與理解，弄清作者所傳達的實際信息及表達的具體內容。閱讀時採取速讀與精讀相結合的`方法，力求快速精確地查出試題所設置的關鍵內容。

二、英語閱讀理解答題技巧

高考閱讀理解常見的設題形式有：詞義猜測題、主旨大意題、細節理解題、推理題和推斷題。題型不同，答題技巧也就有差異。下面就不同題型的答題技巧作一點簡分析。

1、詞義猜測技巧。

這種題型要求對文章中的劃線生詞進行詞義猜測。這類題型不僅要求具備一定構詞法，而且也要求對上下文具有比較全面的理解。做詞意猜測時，應注意劃線生詞後面的定語從句、同位語從句。定語從句、同位語從句通常用來解釋生詞的詞意。另外，還要應注意生詞後的標點符號，如逗號、破折號、引號、括弧都可用於提示詞意。有時，詞意隱藏在全文或某一段中，這就需要把握文段的意境來加以透知該詞的含義。

2、抓主旨大意的技巧。

一般來說，議論文的主旨大意要麼在首段，要麼在尾段。文章主旨位於首段時，其後的段落通常是演繹論證的過程;在段尾時，其前的段落通常是在擺事實、講道理，最後歸納出全文主旨。說明文的主旨也通常位於首段;記敘文的主旨有的位於開首段(如新聞報道、時事經緯等文章的主旨均置於開場白的位置，達到開門見山、直奔主題的效果)，但大多數記敘文的主旨隱藏在文章之中，需理清文章脈絡，挖掘文章內涵，把握作者意圖。

3、推斷題型答題技巧。

推理是在既有信息的基礎上得出合乎文章內容的內涵意義，即某一問題、某一觀點沒有直接表述，而寓意在文章的字里行間，要求通過文中信息分析推出某種符合作者思想、符合文章邏輯的內涵意義。推斷則是指通過對文章進行符合邏輯的綜合分析，推出文章未直接陳述的言外之意。推斷題推斷得正確與否，很大程度上取決於是否能正確把握作者潛隱在字里行間的語氣及觀點。

4、細節題型的答題技巧。

細節題型的解答通常是藉助對文中的具體信息的查尋來解決。答題時要採取略讀、掃讀、析讀和精讀的辦法從文中找出問題答案。細節題型多問及時間、地點、人物、數量和特徵等。

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Ⅱ 高考英語閱讀理解文章分幾類

1、記敘文
記敘文又可分傳記類和故事類。傳記類文章在閱讀中時間是全文的關鍵，根據時間我們可以找到相關的事件，抓住文章的主要內容。故事類文章情節性較強，閱讀時要注意故事中的時間、地點、人物和發生的事件，這些都是文章中的主要內容和信息，對於准確理解文章十分重要。
2、說明文
說明文是對事物的形狀、性質、特徵、成果或功用等進行介紹，解釋或闡述的文章。把握所說明事物的特徵和本質是理解說明文的關鍵。說明事物特徵的方法很多，主要有定義法、解釋法、比較法、比喻法、數字法、圖表法、引用法和舉例法等。(1)數字說明文在閱讀數字說明文時要特別注意文中數字的含義，從這些數字中可以找到文章的主要內容。(2)解釋說明文解釋說明文著重說明事物的本質、特徵和功用等。許多科普文章都屬於這一類。在閱讀這類文章時要學會解決what，how,why等一類的問題。它們是文章的關鍵。如能帶著這些問題閱讀，將會更迅速抓住文章的主題。(3)比較說明文比較說明文是通過對比方法說明問題。在閱讀這類文章時要善於把握全篇陳述的基本傾向。作者在談論一個有爭議的問題時總要顧及到爭議的各個方面。但是，在一般情況下，作者的陳述總要傾向於某一種觀點。
3、應用文
應用文涉及的范圍比較廣，包括廣告、通知、書信等。應用文一般語言簡潔，省略及不規范的句子較多。閱讀時一般要求考生全面掌握文章中提供的信息，並運用這些信息去解決問題。因此對題乾的理解尤為重要。

Ⅲ 高考英語快速閱讀技巧有哪些

高考一直被認為是國內最重要的考試，作為三大主要科目的英語自然也就不容忽視，高考時候的英語考試比較多閱讀，這個時候你會有哪些 方法 技巧來 快速閱讀 呢？下面是我給大家整理的高考英語 快速閱讀技巧 有哪些_高考英語有什麼快速閱讀技巧，歡迎大家借鑒與參考，希望對大家有所幫助。

▼▼ 目錄▼▼

高 考英 語快 速閱 讀技 巧

高 考英 語閱 讀技 巧

高 考英 語閱 讀答 題技 巧

高 考英 語閱 讀常見題 型

★ 高考英語快速閱讀技巧

1. 快速泛讀(fast extensive reading)

平時要養成快速泛讀的習慣。這里講的泛讀是指廣泛閱讀大量涉及不同領域的書籍，要求讀得快，理解和掌握書中的主要內容就可以了。要確定一個明確的讀書定額，定額要結合自己的實際，切實可行，可多可少。例如每天讀20頁，一個學期以18周計算，就可以讀21本中等厚度的書(每本書約120頁)。

2. 計時閱讀 (timed reading)

課余要養成計時閱讀的習慣。計時閱讀每次進行5～10分鍾即可，不宜太長。因為計時快速閱讀，精力高度集中，時間一長，容易疲勞、精力分散，反而乏味。閱讀時先記下「起讀時間」(starting time)，閱讀完畢，記下「止讀時間」(finishing time)，即可計算出本次閱讀速度。隨手記下，長期堅持，必定收到明顯效果。

3. 略讀 (skimming)

略讀又稱跳讀(reading and skipping)或瀏覽(glancing)，是一種專門的，非常實用的快速閱讀技能。所謂略讀，是指以盡可能快的速度閱讀，如同從飛機上鳥瞰 (bird's eye view )地面上的明顯標志一樣，迅速獲取 文章 大意或中心思想。換句話說，略讀是要求讀者有選擇地進行閱讀，可跳過某些細節，以求抓住文章的大概，從而加快閱讀速度。據統計，訓練有素的略讀者(skimmer)的閱讀速度可以達到每分鍾3000到4000個詞。

閱讀時，先把文章粗略地瀏覽一下，看看文章中是否有自己工作和學習需要的或自己感興趣的資料和信息，然後確定這篇文章是否值得細讀。在查找資料時，如果沒有充分時間，而又不需要高度理解時，就可以運用略讀技巧。「不需要高度理解」並非指略讀時理解水平可以很低，而是說略低於一般閱讀速度所取得的理解水平是允許的。

一般閱讀的目標是在保持一般閱讀速度的條件下，獲得盡可能高的理解水平，通常達到70%或80%。略讀時，理解水平略低一些是預料之中的事，平均理解率達50%或60%就可以了。

略讀有下列四個特點：

(1)以極快的速度閱讀大量材料，尋找字面上或事實上的主要信息和少量的闡述信息。

(2)可以跳過某個部分或某些部分不讀。

(3)理解水平可以稍低一些，但也不能太低。

(4)根據文章的難易程度和達到的目的，不斷靈活地調整閱讀速度。

略讀可以運用下列技巧：

(1)要利用印刷細節(typegraphical details)，如書或文章的標題、副標題、小標題、斜體詞、黑體詞、腳注、標點符號等，對書和文章進行預測略讀(preview skimming)。預測略讀要了解作者的思路、文章方式(模式)，以便把握大意，有關的細節及其相互關系。

(2)以一般閱讀速度(200～250wpm)，閱讀文章開頭的一、二段，力求抓住文章大意、背景情況、作者的文章風格、口吻或語氣等。

(3)閱讀段落的主題句和結論句。抓住主題句就掌握了段落大意，然後略去細節不讀，以求得略讀速度。

(4)注意轉折詞和序列詞。轉折詞如however, moreover, in addition等;序列詞firstly, secondly等。

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★ 高考 英語閱讀 技巧

1.重視小標題在文中的綱要性作用

在篇幅相對比較短的閱讀理解考試當中可以直接用題目中的關鍵詞彙定位，但是面對長篇累牘的快速閱讀,考生首先應當留意文章中是否有小標題。如果有，一定要先讀小標題，因為小標題的作用如同字典前面的目錄，可以幫助考生宏觀的把握文章框架，迅速尋找到有效信息的范圍。

2.閱讀題目以預測文章內容

應該先讀題目，後看文章，同時根據題目設想一下文章可能涉及的內容，以及所使用的詞彙量的類型與范圍，乃至題目涉及到的關鍵性的詞彙。諸如，大寫字母，時間，數字等用詞，這些詞彙都是在閱讀文章查詢信息過程中重要的提示。

3. 注意標點符號的使用

可以運用標點符號(破折號、小括弧、冒號)了解抽象的和不認識的詞彙或 句子 的含義。因為這些標點符號的出現就是為了更進一步地解釋其前面的信息。但同時，由於快速閱讀用詞相對比較簡單，很容易理解和把握標點前的被解釋信息，所以，可以將這些標點符號後面的信息刪除，從而更加快速地把握文章主旨，提高閱讀速度及效率。

4. 注意邏輯關系的運用

邏輯關系分布在文章的句子內部、句與句之間、以及段落之間，最基本的邏輯關系有以下幾種：

(1) 轉折關系：however, nevertheless, while, whereas, but, yet, in fact等等。

(2) 因果關系：as a result, therefore, hence, consequently, because, for, e to, hence, 等等。

(3) 並列、遞進關系：and, or, then, what』s more, in addition, besides, in other words, moreover等等。

在處理文章的時候，有一條清晰的思路，不是為了完整翻譯文章而進行閱讀，而是為了獲取主旨、獲取某些信息而進行閱讀，所以，要利用邏輯關系簡化閱讀。

5. 特殊信息點在快速閱讀中的運用

所謂「特殊信息點」是指那些很容易在文章中識別的詞彙，諸如，時間，數字，人名，地名，大寫字母，斜體，黑體等形式的語言點。這些形式的表達，一方面很容易識別出來;另一方面，這些信息點所表現的一般都是文章的瑣碎信息，對於主旨的理解和把握而言，不過是更進一步論證而已。因此，可以忽略這些信息的閱讀。如果後面測試的題目中確實涉及到了，再回來細讀也無妨，畢竟它們的表現形式非常利於查找和定位判斷。

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★ 高考英語閱讀答題技巧

1.正確審題是答題基礎

審題正確保證所獲取的信息正確,為正確答題提供保障;相反,如果審題錯誤,就會導致獲取的信息錯誤,最後引起答題錯誤,因此第一步就要正確審題。正確的審題包括兩個方面的要求:一是對問題的內容正確理解，二是對問題的要求准確把握。只有這樣,把問題弄明白了,才能保證答題的方向正確。

2.查找相關信息是答題的關鍵

信息是答題的根據、答題的根本。如果找不出信息,也就無法答題。因此查找相關信息是正確答題的關鍵。然而一篇三百字左右的文章所包含的信息很多,考生不能胡亂找出一二句話作為答題的信息,而必須根據第一步對問題內容的理解,找出與問題內容相關的句子。從而使答案有據可查、有本可依,保證答案內容正確。

3.正確表達是答題的目的

正確表達是答題的歸宿、是答題的目的。如果表達不正確,輕則影響得分,重則前功盡棄。因此,在找出了與問題相關的信息後,就必須結合問題的要求,對信息進行加工、整合、處理,保證答案的形式正確,從而使答案正確無誤。

高考英語閱讀理解答題技巧

考試時間短,任務重,怎樣才能使考試作答又快又准呢?考生應該掌握一下答題技巧。

1.先題後文,有的放矢

考生在答題之前,先瀏覽一下問題,弄清問題的內容和要求。然後帶著問題去閱讀文章,從而避免了文章中無關信息的干擾,使閱讀有意識、有目的地進行。

2.快速閱讀,找出信息

閱讀文章時,對於與問題無關的信息一掃而過,特別是對與問題無關的生詞,當放下的就必須放下,切不可糾纏不清,耽誤時間;而對於與問題相關的信息在閱讀時就一邊用筆將其圈劃出來。

待到把 文章閱讀 完以後,只要對這些信息進行處理即可。

3.研究信息,正確作答

通過對文章的閱讀,找出了與問題相關的信息,那麼就要回過頭來,根據問題的要求對信息進行加工、處理。

4.對照檢查,確保無誤

對問題進行作答後,若時間允許的話,應該將問題、相關信息及所作答案進行對照,檢查意思是否准確一致、表達方式是否得當、單詞拼寫是否正確。這樣確保答案無誤,從而奪得本試題的高分。

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★ 高考英語閱讀常見題型

一、例證題

01 例證題的標志。當題干中呈現example, case, illustrate, illustration, exemplify等詞語時，同學們就要立刻開啟做「例證題」的模式啦!

02 回歸文章，找出該例證所在的位置，即給該例子定位。

03 搜索該例證周圍的區域，找出該例證支持的觀點。例子周圍具有概括抽象性的表達通常就是它的論點。

04 找出該論點，並與四個選項比較，得出選項中與該論點最一致的答案。

05 例證題錯誤答案設計的干擾特點經常是：就事論事，即把例子中的某一內容寫出來誤導你，讓你去選。

二、指代題

01 回歸原文，找出問題中的指代詞。

02 在指代詞附近搜索，找最近的名詞、名詞性 短語 或句子。(先從最近點開始找，找不到再找次近的，一般答案不會離得太遠)

03 將找到的詞、片語或句子的意思代入替換該指代詞，看其意思是否通順。

04 將找到的詞、片語或句子與四個選項進行比較，找出最佳答案。

三、詞彙題

01 第一還是要回歸原文，找出該詞彙呈現在哪裡。

02 通過句子，確定該詞彙的詞性。

03 從上下文(詞彙的前後幾句)中找到與所給詞彙具有相同詞性的詞(如一下子找不到就再往上往下找)，代入所給詞彙在文章中的位置(將之替換)看語義是否合適。

04 找出選項中與代替詞意思相同或相近的選相，這就是答案!

注意：

(1)假設該詞彙是簡陋詞彙，則其字面意思很大可能不是正確答案。

(2)英語閱讀理解主要是考驗同學們是否能根據上下文作出正確的判定。

(3)詞彙題的正確答案經常蘊藏在原文該詞彙呈現的附近。注意不能靠單詞詞義直接往下推。

(4)尋找時要注意同位語、尤其標點(比如分號，分號前後兩句話的邏輯關系不是形式上的並列就是語義上的並列，也就是兩句話的意思相同，所以可用其中一句話的意思來預計另一句話的意思從而推出所給詞彙含義)、定語從句、前後綴，異常要注意尋找時的同性原則。

四、句子理解題

01 回歸原文找到原句。

02 對原句進行語法和詞義的精確分析(找主幹)，應該重點抓原句的字面含義。若該句的字面含義不能確定，則依據上下文進行判定。

03 一般來說，選項中的正確答案與原句意思完全相同，只不過用其他英語詞彙換種表達而已。

04 句子理解題的錯誤選項干擾項特點：推得太遠，做題時應掌握住推的度。

五、推測題

01 推測題的標志：learn, infer, imply, inform等

02 看是否可以通過題干回歸原文或依據選項回歸原文。一般要環繞文中的一兩個重點進行推理。推理題無論通過題干能不能定位，我們都要把它固定到文章的一兩點上。

03 依據原文的意思進行三錯一對的判定。先不要進行推理，若有一個選項跟原文的意思一模一樣，則該選項必然是正確答案。推理題不是考驗同學們天馬行空的 想像力 ，它其實是考驗同學們是否讀透閱讀文章里的某幾個點所涉及的問題。

04 推理題的最近答案原則：不推的要比推的好，推的近的要比推的遠的好，直接推出的要比間接推的好(原文的某句話變個說法)，把原文讀懂才是做對推測題的關鍵!

六、主旨題

「串線摘帽」，即在自然段少的時候串串線，串線法解不出來時，大帽子、小帽子摘一下。

01 主旨題的標志：mainly about, mainly discuss, the best title等。

02 串線法：抓首段和其餘各段的首先句話，把其意思連接成一個整體。要注意 總結 性的提示詞和轉折詞，異常要注意中心句。(主要針對自然段少的文章，針對自然段多的文章，主旨題最好聯系中心句，找一個和中心句最貼近的。)

03 很多時候，老師都會跟同學們說，首段往往就是中心主旨所在的地方。然而我還是要提醒各位同學，警覺首段陷阱!

04 主旨題錯誤選項的干擾特點是：

(1)局部信息，即選項的內容小於文章的內容;

(2)范疇過寬，即選項的內容大於文章的內容。

05 逆向思維 法：在兩個選項看上去都十分正確無法篩選時，試著從選項出發，想像一下假設自己以此選項來寫文章會有那些內容，然後把它與文章的內容比較，接近的即為正確選項。

七、作者態度題

01 作者態度題的標志：attitude

02 應精確理解四個選項的含義，不要摻雜自己的觀點。

03 可以尋找文中一些具有感情色彩的詞。例如：fortunately, excessively等。

04 舉例的方式。(是從正面舉例，還是反面舉例)

05 抓論述的主線。把首先段讀透，把其他各段的段首段尾句拉出來，看整個文章的結構。

06 做作者態度題時同學們應該異常注意，要清楚是誰對誰的態度。

八、判定題

01 看能否通過四個選項具體化到原文中一點或者根據自然段原則定位。

02 每個選項都應回歸原文，不能憑主觀印象進行判定。

03 要重點抓是「三錯一對」還是「三對一錯」的關系。(做題時要看清題目的請求，篩選「正確項」，還是「錯誤項」。)

九、細節題

細節題不用多說了，最重要的就是回歸原文，在文章中找出題干所在位置，得出答案。

十、重點注意事項

1. 正確答案的特點

(1)正確答案經常與中心思想有關。

(2)正確答案的位置，最常見的三個位置是：段首段尾處、轉折處、因果處。

(3)正確答案經常運用的原則是：同義替換、正話反說、反話正說。

(4)正確答案經常具有概括性、深刻性。

(5)從語氣角度來看，正確答案中經常含有不肯定的語氣詞和委婉表達的用詞。例如：can, may, might, possible, not necessarily等。

2. 錯誤答案的特點

首先大層次：

(1)無中生有(未提及的概念);

(2)正反混淆(選項的意思跟原文的意思正好相反);

(3)所答非所問(雖然選項的說法沒有問題，符合原文，但和題干搭不上邊)。

第二大層次：

(1)過分絕對;

(2)擴大范疇(注意隱藏型的擴大范疇mostly);

(3)因果倒置;

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Ⅳ 2021全國高考英語一卷D篇閱讀理解辨析

2021全國高考英語一卷D篇閱讀理解

試題文本第一段：Popularization has in some cases changed the original meaning of emotional (情感的) intelligence. Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person』s makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and 「people skills.」 Research has shown that emotional skills may contribute to some of these qualities, but most of them move far beyond skill-based emotional intelligence.

原文節選第一段對照：Popularization has in some cases distorted the original scientific definition of emotional intelligence. Many people now equate emotional intelligence with almost everything desirable in a person's makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and "people skills." Research has shown that emotional skills may contribute to some of these qualities, but most of them move far beyond skill-based emotional intelligence.

1. 本段關鍵信息詞彙：changed, popularization, original, misunderstand, makeup, far beyond, skill-based，but,

a. Popularization: 為大眾所普遍接受的（對普通公眾有吸引力的行為、或者現象）

b.makeup: 取含義 （N-UNCOUNT 天性;性格）Some-one's make-up is their nature and the various qualities in their character.

There was some fatal flaw in his makeup, and as time went on he lapsed into long silences or became off-hand.

他的性格有致命的缺陷，隨著時間的推移，他陷入了久久的沉默，或者變得漠然。

2. 黑體詞部分從語篇思維角度可能會是影響閱讀理解的關鍵詞，也可能是命題題點所需要支持的信息詞。

32.What is a common misunderstanding of emotional intelligence?

A. It can be measured by an IQ test.

B. It helps to exercise a person』s mind.

C. It includes a set of emotional skills.

D. It refers to a person』s positive qualities.

本題題干提問信息詞彙：misunderstanding。相對應上面2提到的閱讀以及命題關鍵詞：misunderstood。本題的四個選項對這一部分進行了paraphrase，干擾項把原文信息進行了相反的paraphrase，正確項貌似對信息almost everything desirable 進行了paraphrase：It refers to a person』s positive qualities.但事實上，desirable 和positive 是兩個具有不同性質的修飾類形容詞。兩者嚴謹來講不能同指同一事物。此處，答案選擇D。

文本第一段命題人修改了兩個信息詞distorted—changed；equate—misunderstood。這兩對詞彙的替換是否恰當，供讀者們探討。本觀點認為有欠妥當，因為欠妥當，引起32題的設計結合原文讓人感覺不地道。Distort相似與misunderstood，而equate和misunderstood基本很難語義相關。

考試文本第二段：We  prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes. The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control potential victims. Being emotionally intelligent does not necessarily make one a moral person.

We prefer to define emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either prosocial or antisocial purposes. The ability to accurately perceive how others are feeling may be used by a therapist to gauge how best to help her clients, whereas a con artist might use it to manipulate potential victims. Being emotionally intelligent does not necessarily make one an ethical person.

1.標色部分為「第二段」的試題文本和原文改動詞彙對比。試題文本被認為在此處劃分了另一段落。是否符合語篇寫作形式邏輯，需要從寫作技巧上進行具體分析。

2.事實上，define無需改為describe。Prosocial or antisocial purposes改為good or bad purposes已經改變了，原作者的寫作意圖，兩者含義區別很大，會給讀者造成一定的思維干擾。perceive,understand,know這樣的替換還是可以的。therapist/doctor，gauge/find, client/ patient,whereas/while, con artist/cheater的替換也可以接受。Ethical 應該是課標詞彙，無需修改。

3.「The ability< to accurately understand how others are feeling >may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control potential victims. 」這是一個復雜句子，the ability 指上文提到的emotional intelligence所代表的能力。The ability may be used by a doctor to find...whereas (此處還是覺得原詞更好）表示「指定性轉折對比」，醫生可以用以對症治療，騙子也可能拿來行騙。得出結論：有情商的人群可能是具有兩面性的分類人群。

33. Why does the author mention 「doctor」 and 「cheater」 in paragraph 2?

A. To explain a rule.  B. To clarify a concept.

C. To  present a fact.  D. To make a prediction.

此題屬於細節理解題。理解了原文信息就可以讀懂題干。但是選項信息區別性不是太大，命題人從主觀角度給出D為標准答案。比較起來，D為最佳。AC並沒有原則上的非正確性的信息支持。

考試文本第三段：Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run  far  ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful. The most positive aspect  of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis (重視) on emotion by employers, ecators and others interested in promoting social well-being. 

原文對照：Although popular claims regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful. The most positive aspect of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis on emotion by employers, ecators and others interested in promoting social welfare.

1. Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run  far  ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful.

雖然關於情商的流行（大眾化）觀點遠遠超出了研究所能提供的合理支持（論證），但宣傳的總體效果是利大於弊。

a.run far ahead of :遠遠跑在前面。此處語境指「遠遠超過」。

b.publicity n.(媒體的)關注，宣傳，報道;宣傳業;廣告宣傳工作;傳播工作

2. The most positive aspect of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis on emotion by employers, ecators and others interested in promoting social welfare.

這種普及(媒體宣傳形成的人們的普遍認知）最積極的方面是僱主、教育工作者和其他關心促進社會福利的人對情感的一種新的和急需的強化。

試題文本第四段：

The popularization of emotional intelligence has helped both the public and researchers re-evaluate the functionality of emotions and how they serve people adaptively in everyday life.

原文對照：The popularization of emotional intelligence has helped both the public and research psychology reevaluate the functionality of emotions and how they serve humans adaptively in everyday life.

此處research psychology/researchers,humans/people的替換意義不是很大，原文詞彙更加貼切達意。

1.The popularization of emotional intelligence has helped boththe public and researchers re-evaluate the functionality of emotions and how they serve people adaptively in everyday life.情商的普及幫助公眾和研究者重新評估情感的功能以及它們如何在日常生活中適應性地為人們服務。

34. What is the author』s attitude to the popularization of emotional intelligence?

A. Favorable. B. Intolerant. C. Doubtful. D. Unclear.

詢問作者情感態度的試題一般可以通過文章信息獲得答案。文本3.4段表明作者的態度是肯定的。

試題文本第五段：

Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable, we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion. It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in science will offer new perspectives ( 視角) from which to study how people manage their lives. Emotional intelligence, with its focus on both head and heart, may serve to point us in the right direction.

1. Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable, we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion.

雖然情緒智力的持續流行的吸引力是可取的，我們希望這種關注將激發對情緒的科學和學術研究的更大興趣。

2. It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in science will offer new perspectives ( 視角) from which to study how people manage their lives.

我們希望在未來的幾十年裡，科學的進步將提供新的視角以此來研究人們如何管理（引領）自己的生活。此處，原文當中的navigate要比修改後的manage更能表達意義。

3.Emotional intelligence, with its focus on both head and heart, may serve to point us in the right direction.

情商，以其對頭腦和心靈的關注，可能會為我們指明正確的方向。

原文對照：

Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is both warranted and desirable, we hope that such attention will stimulate a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion. It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in cognitive and affective science will offer intertwining perspectives from which to study how people navigate their lives. Emotional intelligence, with its focus on both head and heart, may adequately serve to point us in the right direction.

35. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning emotional intelligence?

A. Its appeal to the public. B. Expectations for future studies.

C. Its practical application. D. Scientists with new perspectives.

此題的命題點屬於對段落大意進行概括，關聯關鍵詞「hope,will，may」, 鏈接答案中的expectations。D項的語言表述是有問題的。B項可以改為：Expectations for future studies on it. C項可以改為：The practical application on it.

總結：本文是節選。文章基本表意完整。選取這一部分視角和普通關於情商的認知有一定的差異性。也正是這種認知差異性使得本文通過英語傳達的思想略有難度。文本有一些復雜句，但整體句式整齊，沒有偏怪句式，不會產生明顯的句式語言障礙。當然，也會對學生的基本語法習得情況有一定的區分度。試題命制中規中矩。試題文本被命題人劃分為5段，從文法角度是否嚴謹科學有待考證。建議語篇分析此文時酌情科學進行。

試卷試題：

We  prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes. The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control potential victims. Being emotionally intelligent does not necessarily make one a moral person.

Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run  far  ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful. The most positive aspect  of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis (重視) on emotion by employers, ecators and others interested in promoting social well-being.  The popularization of emotional intelligence has helped both the public and researchers re-evaluate the functionality of emotions and how they serve people adaptively in everyday life.

Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable, we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion. It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in science will offer new perspectives ( 視角) from which to study how people manage their lives. Emotional intelligence, with its focus on both head and heart, may serve to point us in the right direction.

32.What is a common misunderstanding of emotional intelligence?

A. It can be measured by an IQ test.

B. It helps to exercise a person』s mind.

C. It includes a set of emotional skills.

D. It refers to a person』s positive qualities.

33. Why does the author mention 「doctor」 and 「cheater」 in paragraph 2?

A. To explain a rule. B. To clarify a concept.

C. To present a fact. D. To make a prediction.

Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is both warranted and desirable, we hope that such attention will stimulate a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion.

34. What is the author』s attitude to the popularization of emotional intelligence?

A. Favorable.B. Intolerant.C. Doubtful.D. Unclear.

35. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning emotional intelligence?

A. Its appeal to the public. B. Expectations for future studies.

C. Its practical application. D. Scientists with new perspectives.

原文鏈接：http://eqi.org/salov2.htm Wechat Official Account: FreedomWriter

節選原文：Popularization has in some cases distorted the original scientific definition of emotional intelligence. Many people now equate emotional intelligence with almost everything desirable in a person's makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and "people skills." Research has shown that emotional skills may contribute to some of these qualities, but most of them move far beyond skill-based emotional intelligence. We prefer to define emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either prosocial or antisocial purposes. The ability to accurately perceive how others are feeling may be used by a therapist to gauge how best to help her clients, whereas a con artist might use it to manipulate potential victims. Being emotionally intelligent does not necessarily make one an ethical person.

Although popular claims regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful. The most positive aspect of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis on emotion by employers, ecators and others interested in promoting social welfare. The popularization of emotional intelligence has helped both the public and research psychology reevaluate the functionality of emotions and how they serve humans adaptively in everyday life. Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is both warranted and desirable, we hope that such attention will stimulate a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion. It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in cognitive and affective science will offer intertwining perspectives from which to study how people navigate their lives. Emotional intelligence, with its focus on both head and heart, may adequately serve to point us in the right direction

Ⅳ 高考英語閱讀基本分類

你在為自己的高考 英語閱讀 感到煩惱嗎?其實想要掌握閱讀 方法 ，首先要了解閱讀的基本分類。下面是我為大家整理的關於高考英語閱讀基本分類，希望對您有所幫助。

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高考必勝祝福語120句

高考熱門專業總結歸納

高考英語寫作常見誤區

高考英語閱讀基本分類

一、閱讀是獲得更綜合、更復雜、更精確信息的必要手段，考生在做閱讀理解時，不僅要看懂 文章 的字面意思，還需要針對不同題材和體裁的篇目運用不同的方法作出正確的選擇。一般來說，詞彙、閱讀速度和理解能力是閱讀理解中三個最重要且有相互聯系的因素。

1、閱讀的方法可以使用以下幾種：

(1)跳讀：就是快速的一步閱讀法。實際上是有選擇閱讀，找關鍵詞。用這種閱讀方法回答who、what、when、where之類的問題最為有效。

(2)略讀：指比跳讀慢些的二步閱讀法。即泛泛地、粗略地 快速閱讀 ，目的是了解大意，對文章有個總的概念。此種閱讀方法能回答why、how之類的問題。

(3)精讀：即最細致、最慢的深層閱讀方法，目的是求得對所讀文章的全部意義的理解與掌握。

2、在使用閱讀技巧時盡量做到以下幾點：

(1)帶著問題閱讀短文。

(2)找出主題句、確定中心思想。

(3)推斷單詞、 句子 和文章的含義。

(4)盡快選擇答案。

二、不同體裁文章的特點

1、 記敘文

記敘文又可分傳記類和 故事 類。

傳記類文章在閱讀中時間是全文的關鍵，根據時間我們可以找到相關的事件，抓住文章的主要內容。

故事類文章情節性較強，閱讀時要注意故事中的時間、地點、人物和發生的事件，這些都是文章中的主要內容和信息，對於准確理解文章十分重要。

2、 說明文

說明文是對事物的形狀、性質、特徵、成果或功用等進行介紹，解釋或闡述的文章。把握所說明事物的特徵和本質是理解說明文的關鍵。說明事物特徵的方法很多，主要有定義法、解釋法、比較法、比喻法、數字法、圖表法、引用法和舉例法等。

(1)數字說明文

在閱讀數字說明文時要特別注意文中數字的含義，從這些數字中可以找到文章的主要內容。

(2)解釋說明文

解釋說明文著重說明事物的本質、特徵和功用等。許多科普文章都屬於這一類。在閱讀這類文章時要學會解決what, how, why 等一類的問題。它們是文章的關鍵。如能帶著這些問題閱讀，將會更迅速抓住文章的主題。

(3)比較說明文

比較說明文是通過對比方法說明問題。在閱讀這類文章時要善於把握全篇陳述的基本傾向。作者在談論一個有爭議的問題時總要顧及到爭議的各個方面。但是，在一般情況下，作者的陳述總要傾向於某一種觀點。

3、應用文

應用文涉及的范圍比較廣，包括 廣告 、通知、書信等。應用文一般語言簡潔，省略及不規范的句子較多。閱讀時一般要求考生全面掌握文章中提供的信息，並運用這些信息去解決問題。因此對題乾的理解尤為重要。

閱讀理解的考題分為客觀理解題(是指在短文中客觀存在的事實，客觀信息的答案一般都可以在原文中找到。即理解文中的具體事實或抽象概念)和主觀理解題(這類問題都不可能直接從原文中找到答案，須通過閱讀文章對文章主旨和深層含義有更深理解，並據此進行判斷和推理)。

其中細節理解題和猜測詞義題屬於客觀題;主旨大意題和推理判斷題屬於主觀題。

針對不同類型的題目，要在平時的練習過程中，結合具體的題目，給學生進行解題方法的指導和講解。對於客觀題，要提醒他們閱讀時關注文章的細節，如時間，地點或一些具體數字，在選擇答案時，務必從原文中找到確切的依據。

高考英語閱讀理解技巧

一、先看題干，帶著問題讀文章。

即先看試題，再讀文章。閱讀題干，首先要掌握問題的類型，分清是客觀信息題還是主觀判斷題。客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案;而主觀判斷題考查的是對文章的感情基調，作者未加陳述的觀點以及貫穿全文的中心主旨的理解等，這類題必須經過對作者的態度、意圖以及對整篇文章進行深一層的推理等。其次，了解試題題干以及各個選項所包含的信息，然後有針對性地對文章進行掃讀，對有關信息進行快速定位，再將相關信息進行整合、甄別、分析、對比，有根有據地排除干擾項，選出正確答案。此法加強了閱讀的針對性，提高了做題的准確率，節省了寶貴的時間。特別適用於對圖形表格類題材的理解。

二、速讀全文，了解大意知主題。

閱讀的目的是獲取信息。一個人的閱讀能力的高低決定了他能否快速高效吸收有用信息。閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個方面。閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力。沒有一定的閱讀速度就不能順利地輸入信息，更談不上運用英語。近幾年的高考閱讀速度大約是每分鍾40個詞左右。考生必須在十分有限的時間內運用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀，搜尋關鍵詞、主題句，捕捉時空、順序、情節、人物、觀點，並且理清文章脈絡，把握語篇實質。

抓主題句這是快速掌握文章大意的主要方法。主題句一般出現在文章的開頭和結尾。用歸納法撰寫的文章，都是表述細節的句子在前，概述性的句子居後。此時主題句就是文章的最後一句。通常用演繹法撰寫的文章，大都遵循從一般到個別的寫作程序，即從概述開始，隨之輔以細說。這時，主題句就是文章的第一句。當然也有些文章沒有主題句，需要讀者自己去歸納。主題句往往對全文起提示、啟迪、概括、歸納之作用，主旨大意題，歸納概括題，中心思想題往往直接可從主題句中找到答案。

三、詳讀細節，理順思路與文章脈絡。

文章絕不是互不相乾的句子雜亂無章的堆砌。作者為文，有脈可循。如記敘文多以人物為中心，以時間或空間為線索，按事件的發生、發展、結局展開故事;論述體則包含論點、論據、結論三大要素，通過解釋、舉例來闡述觀點。你可根據文章的特點，詳讀細節，以動詞、時間、地點、事件、因果等為線索，找出關鍵詞語，運用,畫圖列表法,，勾畫出一幅完整清晰的文章主題和細節的認知圖。

高考英語考試答題時間分配

1、聽力：20分鍾

聽力後句比前句重要，回答比提問重要。若選項中個別單詞或 短語 被明顯播讀，此項多為錯項。 同義詞 替換選項，正確可能性大。

2、閱讀：30分鍾

審題時注意題干有沒有特殊的副詞或形容詞。定位盡量選兩個詞，迴避全文核心詞。

3、完形填空：15分鍾

從答案出發，再到文章。通常為 議論文 ，著眼每個小標題。小標題就可以決定選項。先縱觀全文大意。選擇答案，如果遇上不會的單詞，從會的單詞排除。通常高考英語的完形填空不存在詞性的選擇，選項的詞性基本保持一致的。

4、七選五：10分鍾

從答案出發，再到文章，通常為議論文，著眼每個小標題，小標題就可以決定選項。

5、改錯：10分鍾

改錯通常有以下幾種情況：名詞單復數用錯、動詞時態錯誤、介詞的多餘或缺失、第三人稱單數漏掉s、就近原則對主語的影響。

6、 作文 ：35分鍾

明確自己要寫的作文的體裁，一定要抓住文章的體裁，建立自己的寫作格式; 明確寫作中所運用的時態，在寫作時首先就要敲定作文的基調，定好時態;明確作文的表達內容和順序，要在作文中做到主次分明、表達准確、承上啟下，不給人一種泛泛而談、模糊而凌亂的感覺。

高考英語閱讀基本分類相關文章：

★ 高考英語復習規劃:高考英語閱讀理解考點解析

★ 高考英語閱讀理解答題技巧

★ 高考英語閱讀理解訓練附答案講解

★ 高考英語閱讀理解的復習策略

★ 高考英語閱讀理解練習題及參考答案

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Ⅵ 高考英語閱讀理解題型及解題技巧

高考英語閱讀理解題型及解題技巧如下：
1、題型分類：主旨大意題，答題技巧：閱讀理解文章多是議論文和說明文，這兩種文體的結構可歸納為：提出問題——論述問題——得出結論或者闡明觀點。對於這類文章，抓主題句是快速掌握文章大意的主要方法。
2、細節理解題，答題技巧：可直接找到相關細節，但需經過計算方可找到答案。
3、推理判斷題，答題技巧：推斷題是考查大家透過文章表面的文字信息進行分析、綜合、歸納等邏輯推理的能力。推理和判斷必須以事實為依據，切莫主觀臆斷。
4、詞義猜測題，答題技巧：通過因果關系猜詞通過因果關系猜詞。專業老師在線權威答疑 zy.offercoming.com

Ⅶ 高三英語閱讀理解題解析

高三英語閱讀理解題解析

高考閱讀不同文體按照題型分類主要分為五大類：細節題、推理題、主旨大意題、詞義句意猜測題、結構順序題。下面是我收集的高三的英語閱讀理解的練習題以及答案解析，一起來閱讀練習一下吧!

第一篇：

We proce 500 billion of plastic bags in a year worldwide and they are thrown away polluting oceans，killing wildlife and getting mped in landfills where they take up to 1000 years to decompose. Researchers have been unsuccessfully looking for a solution.

The 16yearold Canadian high school student，Daniel Burd, from Waterloo Collegiate Institute, has discovered a way to make plastic bags degrade(分解) in as few as 3 months，a finding that won him first prize at the Canada-Wide Science Fair，a $10 000 prize，a $20 000 scholarship, and a chance to revolutionize a major environmental issue.

Burd's strategy was simple: Since plastic does eventually degrade, it must be eaten by microorganisms (微生物). If those microorganisms could be identified, we could put them to work eating the plastic much faster than under normal conditions.

With this goal in mind, he ground plastic bags into a powder and concocted(調制) a solution of household chemicals, yeast(酵母) and tap water to encourage microbes growth. Then he added the plastic powder and let the microbes work their magic for 3 months. Finally，he tested the resulting bacterial culture on plastic bags，exposing one plastic sample to dead bacteria as a control. Sure enough, the plastic exposed (暴露) to the live bacteria was 17% lighter than the control after six weeks.

The inputs are cheap：maintaining the required temperature takes little energy because microbes proce heat as they work, and the only outputs are water and tiny levels of carbon dioxide.

“Almost every week I have to do chores and when I open the closet door, I have piles of plastic bags falling on top of me. One day, I got tired of it and I wanted to know what other people are doing with these plastic bags. The answer：not much. So I decided to do something myself.”said Daniel Burd.

1. Daniel Burd won first prize at the Canada-Wide Science Fair because________.

A. he found a new kind of microorganism

B. he contributed much to environmental protection

C. he found a way to degrade plastics in shorter time

D. he could encourage microbes growth in an easier way

2. Daniel Burd exposed one plastic sample to dead bacteria to________.

A. make the live bacteria work better

B. test how effective his method was

C. know which bacteria worked faster

D. control the temperature in the process

3. Maintaining the required temperature takes little energy because ________.

A. plastics can get hot easily

B. microbes can proce heat themselves

C. much carbon dioxide is proced

D. the temperature can be controlled

4. Daniel Burd got his idea from ________.

A. his school textbook

B. the failure of researchers

C. his everyday work

D. the practice of other people

第二篇：

Brave Frenchman Found Half way Around the World

(NEW YORK)A French tourist highly praised for rescuing a two year old girl in Manhattan said he didn't think twice before diving into the freezing East River.

Tuesday's Daily News said 29 year old Julien Duret from France is the man who left the spot quickly after the rescue last Saturday.

He lifted the little girl out of the water after she fell off the bank at the South Street Seaport museum. He handed the girl to her father，David Anderson, who had dived in after him.

“I didn't think at all.”Duret told the Daily News. “It happened very fast. I reacted very fast.”

Duret，an engineer on vacation, was walking with his girlfriend along the pier(碼頭)when he saw something falling into the water. He thought it was a doll，but realized it was a child when he approached the river, in an instant, he took off his coat and jumped into the water.

When he reached the girl, she appeared lifeless, he said. Fortunately，when she was out of the water, she opened her eyes.

Anderson said his daughter slipped off the bank when he was adjusting his camera. An ambulance came later for her, said Duret, who was handed dry clothes from onlookers. Duret caught a taxi with his girlfriend shortly after.

The rescue happened on the day before he left for France. Duret said he didn't realize his tale of heroism had greatly moved New York until he was leaving the city the next morning.

“I don't really think I'm a hero.”said Duret. “Anyone would do the same thing.”

1. Why was Duret in New York?

A. To meet his girlfriend.

B. To work as an engineer.

C. To spend his holiday.

D. To visit the Andersons.

2. What did Duret do shortly after the ambulance came?

A. He was interviewed by a newspaper.

B. He asked his girlfriend for his dry clothes.

C. He went to the hospital in the ambulance.

D. He disappeared from the spot quickly.

3. Who dived after Duret into the river to save the little girl?

A. David Anderson.

B. A passer by.

C. His girlfriend.

D. A taxi driver.

4. When was Duret most probably found to be the very hero?

A. The day when he was leaving for home.

B. A couple of days after the girl was rescued.

C. The first day when he was in New York.

D. The same day when he was interviewed.

>>>>>>答案與解析<<<<<<

第一篇：

1.C細節理解題。從文章第二段可知，他因發現短時間降解塑料袋的方法而獲獎，故答案選C項。

2.B推理判斷題。從文章第四段中的“...exposing one plastic sample to dead bacteria as a control”可推斷，他這樣做的目的在於測試他的方法是否有效，所以答案為B項。

3.B細節理解題。從文章倒數第二段中的“maintaining the required temperature takes little energy because microbes proce heat as they work”可知答案選B項。

4.C推理判斷題。從文章最後一段丹尼爾·伯德說的話可推知，他是從每天的工作中得到啟發的，故答案選C項。

第二篇：

本文是一篇新聞報道類文章。介紹了一位到美國度假旅遊的'法國工程師成功地救出了一位溺水女孩，成為了紐約的英雄。

1.C細節理解題。根據文章開始的“A French tourist...”和後文中的“Duret, an engineer on vacation, was walking with his girlfriend along the pier(碼頭) when he saw something falling into the water.”可知Duret 到紐約是為了度假。

2.D細節理解題。根據“...29??year??old Julien Duret from France is the man who left the spot quickly after the rescue...”可知Duret 把小女孩從水中救出後立刻與他的女朋友離開了現場。

3.A細節理解題。根據“He handed the girl to her father, David Anderson, who had dived in after him.”可知，繼Duret 之後跳進水中的人是這位小女孩的父親David Anderson。

4.B主觀推斷題。Duret 從水中救出女孩後便離開了現場，所以不可能知道是誰救的這位女孩，所以D項錯。他要離開美國回法國的那一天，他早就成為了英雄，所以不可能是A項。他到達美國的第一天還沒有發生此事，故C項錯

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Ⅷ 高考英語的閱讀方法

高考英語閱讀理解旨在考查考生的知識和能力，顧名思義，閱讀主要是獲取信息，是理解的前提和手段；理解是分析、加工和處理信息，是閱讀的目的和結果。閱讀理解通過不同的體裁，如記敘文，描述文、說明文、議論文、應用文等，和不同的題材，如科普知識、天文地理、人物傳記、仁人軼事、哲理小首桐罩品、科技教育、風土人情、廣告宣傳、新聞報道、體育賽事、歷史文化、人間百態等，全面考查考生記憶、識別、換算、判斷推理、邏輯思維、分析歸納、概括總結等能力。本文介紹幾種常用的閱讀方法，然後附上練習，並給出解題思路。

一、閱讀理解的方法

1.略讀法（skimming）

2.查閱法（scanning）

考生在回答具體信息時，通常不需要閱讀整篇文章，而只需要找出可能包括所需要的信息部分，然後加以閱讀就行，這種方法就是查閱法。查閱法主要用於獲得具體的信息，回答具體的問題，即測試中的細節問題，它常常與5w』s和1h（who，what，when，where，why和how）有關，有時又跟具體的數字有聯系，如長度、寬度、高度、距離、大小、尺寸等。考生在使用查閱法時，應該注意文章結構和順序的排列，文章結構有的是按時間順序排列，有的是按空間順序排列，有的是按邏輯順序排列。弄清楚文章的排列順序能幫助考生在閱讀和回答問題時做到高效省時、准確無誤。要注意提高閱讀的速度和者鬧解題效率，考生應該學會用眼睛掃讀的本領，在最短的時間內找到所需的信息，要把注意力集中在所需信息直接相關的詞語上，這樣可以迅速作出正確的選擇。

3.根據上下文判斷詞義法（contextual meaning of words）

考生應該平時有意識地積累英語單詞，沒有一定量的英語單詞作基礎和保障，英語的聽、說、讀、寫、譯等技能都無從談起。考生平時可以根據「詞離法」，把一個生詞放在具體的語境中記憶，可以使用轉換法（conversion：同一個單詞可能同時有名詞、動詞、形容詞、副詞等詞性）、詞綴法（affixation：在某個單詞前面或後面加一些詞綴，可能改變單詞的詞性和詞義，使之成為一個新單詞）、派生法（derivation）、合成法（compounding）等記憶英語單詞，也可以從影視廣播和報刊雜志中獲得英語詞彙。

考生在考試的時候，可根據上下文，利用定義輪姿、重述、對比、舉例和邏輯推理等方式推斷單詞的意思。例如：

（1）a satellite is a machine which goes around the earth to relay communication signals over long distance。

此句中satellite是一個圍繞地球轉動，能夠接收傳遞遠距離通訊信號的機器（或裝置），據此可判斷satellite是衛星。

（2）i am a resolute man once i set up a goal，i won』t give it up easily

此處後面的句子的意思：一旦我設定了一個目標，我就不會輕易地放棄，由此推斷「我」是一個「剛毅」的人。

（3）he is very dependable，but his brother is untrustworthy。

「but」在此句中明確暗示了前後的對比關系，dependable「可靠的」，那麼「untrustworthy」肯定是「不可靠的，不可信任的」。

（4）doctors suggest that everyone should exercise every day，especially those who spend hours doing sedentary activities like reading，typing or sewing。

此句中的「sedentary」的意思可以從跟like後面的「reading，typing，sewing」中輕易地猜出是「坐著做的」意思。

閱讀理解是全面考查考生綜合運用英語進行交際和獲取信息的能力，它是一個漸近的過程，需要經過一定階段的積累才能達到得心應手的境界。因此，考生平時擴大自己的閱讀量，廣泛地進行課外閱讀，不斷地開拓自己的視野，豐富自己的知識。

二、練習

閱讀下面短文，並從a，b，c，d四個答案中找出正確的答案。

archimedes was a famous greek mathematician and scientist he was born around 287 bc and he died in the year 212 bc.

archimedes is most well-known for one specificidea that he came up with 「archimedes』s principle」states that a solid object which is immersed in a liquid is pushed up by a force which is equal to the weight of the water that the object moves for example，if you put a piece of wood and a piece of gold the same size in water，only the wood will float both the wood and gold move the same amount of water，but the wood weighs less than this water，while the gold weighs more。

it is believed that archimedes discovered this principle when the king of syracuse asked him to solve a problem .the king wanted to know if his crown（王冠）was pure gold or a mixture of gold and silver the king，of course，did not want to melt his crown to find out the idea came to archimedes as he lowered himself into his bath he noticed how the water spilled out of the tub he decided to use the same idea for the crown he knew that a gold crown immersed in water would weigh more than one made of silver the experiment was done and the goldsmith was proved guilty of trying to cheat the king。

1.a good title for the selection is ______

a.archimedes

b.archimedes』s principle

c.a gold and silver crown

d.the king of syracuse

2.the word 「immersed」in the second paragraph means「_______」

a.raised b.lifted c.under water d.rose

3.we drop a piece of metal into a jar full of water，the metal will float if it weighs less than_______

a.an equal amount of gold

b.the water that leaves the jar

c.all the water in the jar now

d.an equal amount of silver

4.from this selection we may conclude that the king』s crown______

a.moved more water than pure gold of the same weight

b.moved less water than pure gold of the same weight

c.moved more water than pure gold of the same size

d.moved less water than pure gold of the same size

5.the following sentences tell what happened many years ago which is the right order of the events？

a.achimedes took a bath

b.archimedes discovered his principle

c.the king of syracuse asked him to solve a problem

d.archimedes did the experiment on his crown

a.b；c；a；d； b.c；a；b；d； c.c；a；d；b； d.b；c；d；a；

答案與提示

1.b，主旨大意題，這是一篇歷史人物介紹與科普知識相結合的文章。本文第一段簡要介紹了阿基米德的職業與生卒年月，第二、三段大篇幅內容是介紹了阿基米德定律及其發現的經過。選項a所包括的時空太大，選c、d都與選項b有密切聯系，但包含的內容不及b項，故排除a、c、d三項，b為正確答案。

2.c，猜測詞義題。在文章第二段開頭解釋了阿基米德定律，一個浸在水中的物體被水托起的力（f）等於這個物體排開水的重量（g），即關系式f浮= ρ水 gv排=g物。從這句話中，我們可以猜測到「immersed」在句中的含義應該是「浸在水中」，故選c項。如果考生懂一點英語詞彙構詞法就很容易選c答案，因為「im-」意思是「inside」，「-merse」意思是「go down，lay down」。

3.b，判斷推理題。從文章第二段最後幾句話的例子中可以看出，物體的質量如果小一於它浸入水中後排開的水的質量，它就會浮起來；反之則沒入水中。故選b項。

4.a，判斷推理題。從文章第三段倒數第二句可知，一個純金的王冠浸入水中要比合金重，也就是說，質量相同的合金王冠體積要大，排開的水要多一些。國王新做的王冠是合金的，若質量相同，體積必定增加，排開的水自然要多。故選a項。

5.c，排序題。此題是要求按照邏輯先後順序排序，最初應該是國王請阿基米德解決一個問題判斷王冠的真假，後來阿基米德在浴池洗澡的時候，發現浴池的水溢出來了，這一現象引發了他的思考，接著他用自己的冠鼎做實驗，最後發現了這一定律。

Ⅸ 高考英語閱讀理解及答案解析

高考英語閱讀理解及答案解析

閱讀理解能力屬於語言的領會技能。包括對書面語言的識別、理解、推理、判斷和快速記憶等幾個方面。下面是我給大家收集的高考英語的閱讀理解真題以及答案解析，歡迎大家參考練習!

第一篇：

Think about the different ways that people use the wind.You can use it to fly a kite or to sail a boat.Wind is one of our cleanest and richest power sources (來源), as well as one of the oldest.Evidence shows that windmills (風車) began to be used in ancient Iran back in the seventh century BC.They were first introced to Europe ring the 1100s, when armies returned from the Middle East with knowledge of using wind power.

For many centuries, people used windmills to grind (磨碎) wheat into flour or pump water from deep underground.When electricity was discovered in the late 1800s, people living in remote areas began to use them to proce electricity.This allowed them to have electric lights and radio.However, by the 1940s when electricity was available to people in almost all areas of the United States, windmills were rarely used.

During the 1970s, people started becoming concerned about the pollution that is created when coal and gas are burned to proce electricity.People also realized that the supply of coal and gas would not last forever.Then, wind was rediscovered, though it means higher costs.Today, there is a global movement to supply more and more of our electricity through the use of wind.

1.From the text we know that windmills ________.

A.were invented by European armies

B.have a history of more than 2,800 years

C.used to supply power to radio in remote areas

D.have rarely been used since electricity was discovered

2.What was a new use for wind power in the late 19th century?

A.Sailing a boat.

B.Procing electricity.

C.Grinding wheat into flour.

D.Pumping water from underground.

3.One of the reasons wind was rediscovered in the 1970s is that ________.

A.wind power is cleaner

B.it is one of the oldest power sources

C.it was cheaper to create energy from wind

D.the supply of coal and gas failed to meet needs

4.What would the author probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?

A.The advantages of wind power.

B.The design of wind power plants.

C.The worldwide movement to save energy.

D.The global trend towards procing power from wind.

第二篇：

Winners Club

You choose to be a winner!

The Winners Club is a bank account specially designed for teenagers. It has heen made to help you better manage your money. The Winners Club is a transaction account (交易賬戶) where you receive a key-card so you can get to your money 24/7-that's 24 hours a day, 7 days a week!

It's a club with impressive features for teenagers：

●No account keeping fees!

You're no millionaire so we don't expect you to pay large fees. In fact, there are no account keeping or transaction fees!

●Excellent interest rates!

You want your money to grow. The Winners Club has a good rate of interest which gets even better if you make at least two deposits (儲蓄) without taking them out in a month.

●Convenient

Teenagers are busy—we get that. You may never need to come to a bank at all. With the Winners Club you can choose to use handy tellers and to bank from home using the phone and the Internet ...You can have money directly deposited into your Winners Club account. This could be your pocket money or your pay from your part-time job!

●Mega magazine included

Along with your regular report, you will receive a FREE magazine full of good ideas to make even more of your money. There are also fantastic offers and competitions only for Winners Club members.

The Winners Club is a great choice for teenagers. And it is so easy to join. Simply fill in an application form. You will have to get permission from your parent or guardian (so we can organize that cool key-card) but it is easy. We can't wait to hear from you. It's the best way to choose to be a winner!

1.The Winners Club is a bank account intended for________.

A.parents

B.teenagers

C.winners

D.alts

2.Which of the following is TRUE about the Winners Club?

A.Special gifts are ready for parents.

B.The bank opens only on work days.

C.Services are convenient for its members.

D.Fees are necessary for the account keeping.

3.The Winners Club provides magazines which________.

A.encourage spending

B.are free to all teenagers

C.are full of adventure stories

D.help to make more of your money

4.If you want to be a member of the Club, you must________.

A.be an Internet user

B.be permitted by your parent

C.have a big sum of money

D.be in your twenties

5.What is the purpose of this text?

A.To set up a club.

B.To provide part-time jobs.

C.To organize key-cards.

D.To introce a new banking service.

>>>>>>答案與解析<<<<<<

第一篇：

1.C細節理解題。根據第二段的“When electricity was discovered in the late 1800s, people living in remote areas began to use them to proce electricity. This allowed them to have electric lights and radio.”可推出，C項符合題意。

2.B細節理解題。根據第二段的“When electricity was discovered in the late 1800s, people living in remote areas began to use them to proce electricity.”可知，B項符合題目要求。

3.A細節理解題。根據第三段的“people started becoming concerned about the pollution that is created when coal and gas are burned to proce electricity”可知，A項符合題意。

4.D推理判斷題。第三段最後已提出現在全球已越來越多地使用風力發電，所以下一段應該要進一步推廣使用風力發電，這是一種總體的能源發展趨勢。故D項正確。

第二篇：

1.B細節理解題。根據文章第一段第一句“The Winners Club is a bank account specially designed for teenagers.”可知，“the Winners Club”是專門為青少年而開設的，所以答案為B項。

2.C細節理解題。第三部分主要介紹這項服務的方便之處，所以對於辦理該業務的.青少年來說是非常便利和快捷的，答案為C項;A項未提到;根據文章前面的介紹可知，銀行應該是全天24小時，每周7天營業，而非只是在工作日，所以B項排除;文章第一部分提到不收取賬戶管理費，所以D項錯誤。

3.D細節理解題。根據特色最後一點“Along with your regular report, you will receive a FREE magazine full of good ideas to make even more of your money.”可知，辦理該業務的青少年除了可以收到定期報告外，還可以免費得到一份雜志，裡面有很多好的建議或辦法可以幫助他們賺取更多的錢，所以答案為D項;A項和C項未提到;B項錯在這份雜志並不是對所有的青少年都是免費的，所以排除。

4.B細節理解題。根據最後一段“You will have to get permission from your parent...”可知，辦理此項銀行業務要得到父母的同意或許可，所以B項正確;該服務介紹第三點中提到辦理業務有多種形式，其中包括使用網路，但不是必須的，所以A項錯誤;由第一點中“You're no millionaire so we don't expect you to pay large fees.”可知，辦理此項銀行業務的不一定都是有錢人，所以C項排除;D項要求辦理業務者年齡在二十幾歲，文中並未提到。

5.D推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章主要是介紹一項新的銀行服務項目，所以答案D項正確。

;

Ⅹ 高三英語閱讀理解題訓練及答案詳解

高考英語試題中閱讀理解佔40分，是試卷中所佔比例最大的一部分。考生們在復習高考英語科目時,可以多做一些試題,下面就是我給大家帶來的，希望大家喜歡！下面就是我給大家帶來的 高三英語 閱讀理解題訓練及答案詳解，希望大家喜歡！

第一篇：

Imagine a mass of floating waste is two times the size of the state of Texas. Texas has a land area of more than 678 000 square kilometers. So it might be difficult to imagine anything twice as big.

All together, this mass of waste flowing in the North Pacific Ocean is known as the Great Pacific Ocean Garbage Patch. It weighs about 3 500 000 tons. The waste includes bags，bottles and containers—plastic procts of all kinds.

The eastern part of the Great Pacific Ocean Garbage Patch is about l 600 kilometers west of California. The western part is west of the Hawaiian Islands and east of Japan. The area has been described as a kind of oceanic desert，with light winds and slow moving water currents. The water moves so slow that garbage from all over the world collects there.

In recent years，there have been growing concerns about the floating garbage and its effect on sea creatures and human health. Scientists say thousands of animals get trapped in the floating waste，resulting in death or injury. Even more die from a lack of food or water after swallowing pieces of plastic. The trash can also make animals feel full，lessening their desire to eat or drink.

The floating garbage also can have harmful effects on people. There is an increased threat of infection of disease from polluted waste，and from eating fish that swallowed waste. Divers can also get trapped in the plastic.

Its existence first gained public attention in l997. That was when racing boat captain and oceanographer Charles Moore and his crew sailed into the garbage while returning from a racing event. Five years earlier，another oceanographer learned of the trash after a shipment of rubber ckies got lost at sea. Many of those toys are now part of the Great Pacific Ocean Garbage Patch.

In August，2009，a team from the University of California，San Diego became the

latest group to travel to it. They were shocked by the amount of waste they saw. They gathered hundreds of sea creatures and water samples to measure the garbage patch』s effect on ocean environment.

51.How did the writer introce the topic of the passage?

A. By giving an example. B. By listing the facts.

C. By telling a story. D. By giving a comparison.

52.What do we know about the Great Pacific Ocean Garbage Patch?

A. It is made up of various kinds of plastic procts.

B. It is a solid mass of floating waste materials.

C. It lies l60 000 kilometers east of California.

D. It is described as a kind of oceanic desert.

53.Why do people pay attention to the Great Pacific Ocean Garbage Patch?

A. Because it may prevent the flow of ocean water.

B. Because the polluted plastic articles will move up the food chain.

C. Because it may be from an island in the pacific.

D. Because ships may be trapped in the floating waste.

54.Which column can you find the passage on a newspaper?

A. Sports and entertainment. B. Media and culture.

C. Environment and society. D. Science and technology.

55.The purpose of writing this passage is to____________.

A. warn people of the danger to travel in the pacific

B. analyze what caused the waste patch in the pacific

C. give advice on how to recycle waste in the ocean

D. introce the Great Pacific Ocean Garbage Patch

第二篇：

Europeans should try to stay indoors if ash from Iceland's volcano starts settling, the World Health Organization warned Friday as small amounts fell in Iceland, Scotland and Norway.

WHO spokesman Daniel Epstein said the microscopic(微小的) ash is potentially dangerous for people when it starts to reach the Earth because inhaled(吸入) particles can enter the lungs and cause respiratory problems. And he also said Europeans who go outside might want to consider wearing a mask.

Other experts, however, weren't convinced the volcanic ash would have a major effect on peoples' health and said WHO's warnings were "hysterical." They said volcanic ash was much less dangerous than cigarette smoke or pollution. Volcanic ash is made of fine particles of fragmented volcanic rock. It is light gray to black and can be as fine as talcum powder. During a volcanic eruption, the ash can be breathed deep into the lungs and cause irritation even in healthy people. But once it falls from a greater distance — like from the cloud currently hovering above Europe — its health effects are often minimal, experts say.

"Not all particles are created equal," said Ken Donaldson, a professor of respiratory toxicology at the University of Edinburgh, "In the great scheme of things, volcanic ash is not all that harmful." And he said most Europeans' exposure to volcanic ash would be negligible and that only those in the near districts of the Icelandic volcano would likely be at risk.

Dr. Stephen Spiro, a professor of respiratory medicine and deputy chair of the British Lung Foundation, said the further the particles travel, the less dangerous they will be. "The cloud has already passed over northern Scotland and we haven't heard of any ill effects there," he said. Spiro said to wear masks or stay indoors to avoid volcanic ash was "over the top" and "a bit hysterical."

60. The text is mainly about .

A. the effect of volcanic ash

B. the health risk of volcanic ash

C. the disadvantages of volcanic ash

D. the opinions on health risk of volcanic ash

61. Which one is true according to Paragraph3?

A. The volcanic ash』s effects on Europeans were little.

B. The ash caused irritation even in healthy people.

C. Other experts thought WTO』S warnings were useful.

D. The volcanic ash was more dangerous than cigarette smoke or pollution.

62. The underlined word 「hysterical」 in Paragraph4 most probably means .

A. amazing B. practical C. valuable D. overstated

63. What can we learn from the passage?

A. The volcanic ash wouldn』t be harmful to people.

B. All experts thought the volcanic ash did great harm to our health.

C. People close to the volcano would likely be at risk according to some experts.

D. Europeans should stay indoors because Iceland's volcano starts settling.

第一篇：

51.D。推理判斷題。根據第一段」Imagine a mass of floating waste is two times the state of Texas.Texas has a land area of more than 678 000 square kilometers.So it might be difficult to imagine anything twice as big.」可知，作者拿得克薩斯州與大量的垃圾漂浮物進行比較，所以選D項。

52.A。細節判斷題。根據第二段中的」The waste includes bags，bottles and containers—plastic procts of all kinds.」可知，這些垃圾漂流物是塑料製品。

53.B。細節理解題。根據第五段中的」There is an increased threat of infection of

disease from polluted waste，and from eating fish that swallowed waste.」可知受污染的塑料製品會通過食物鏈來影響人類。

54.C。推理判斷題。根據本文內容可知，這篇 文章 最有可能出現在報紙上」環境與社會」這個欄目里。

55.D。作者意圖題。本文通過介紹太平洋上漂浮的大量的塑料垃圾廢物的情況，指出了它們對海洋中的生物以及人類的影響，所以D項正確。

第二篇：

60.D. 主旨大意題。本文主要就火山灰對人的健康的危害問題世衛組織和其他專家給出不同觀點。A太籠統;B不能體現不同的觀點;C與文章內容無關;D符合題意。

61. A. 細節理解題。第三段最後一句可知A是正確的;由第三段中During a volcanic eruption……in healthy people.可知B錯誤;由第三段中Other experts, however, weren't convinced…… cigarette smoke or pollution可排除C D。

62. D. 詞義猜測題。由上文中volcanic ash is not all that harmful和下文中only those in the near vicinity of the Icelandic volcano would likely be at risk可知D正確, 誇大的，言過其實的。

63.C. 由第三段 But once it falls from a greater distance….. effects are often minimal和第四段中 only those in the near vicinity of the Icelandic volcano would likely be at risk以及第五段中 the further the particles travel, the more diluted and less dangerous they will be可知C正確。ABD觀點表達絕對。