考博英語閱讀理解關於青年危機
A. 一道考博英語題，請各位大俠幫著分析一下
呵呵，這里考搭配，應該選B，給你簡單說說：
The houses in this area were all erected in defiance of housing regulations
大意：這個地區的房屋/住宅（都被建得）無視/不遵守建築規則。
這里固定搭配「in defiance of」表示無視, 不顧，不遵守，如：
went on strike in defiance of union policy.
不顧工會政策舉行罷工
A C D一般都不跟of搭配：
*A in compliance with 順從
*C in allusion to針對, 引喻
*D in obedience to遵照, 依照
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呵呵，in obedience後面一定是to才表示「遵照，按照」啊，這是毫無疑問的哦：
*obedience to an order
服從一項命令
樓主看看是否答案或印刷問題？
(呵呵，我又查了一下，真的沒怎麼見過「in obedience of」哦。且從構詞搭配的角度看，即便有「in obedience of」的用法，由of的物主屬性，後面也應該是sb.或sth.而不應是regulation/order之類的規則呀)
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呵呵,"obedience of ...看做一部分做為in 的賓語"這樣說似乎也不太通:
obedience作名詞.
1.服從：順從、服從的品性或條件
2.順從的行為
...(規律/規則)的"服從/行為"似乎也不是很通啊.
(擺渡知道對回答的修改次數有限制,樓主如再有進一步的討論,我可能就不能回了.再有新想法,樓主可以Q112550131,歡迎討論)
B. 考博英語如何復習
可靠的復習計劃是首要解決的問題。自己要按照計劃一步步去復習，這樣下來版自權己的自信慢慢的就會高漲。
找准歷年真題，研究透真題，找到出題和考試點。真題是最重要的復習資料，出題者的想法都在真題上體現。筆者認為真題是必須要大家去認真復習的。
平時工作當中也要做積累。英語學習是一個長期的過程。平時閱讀文獻，寫英文論文都要認真的積累。
單詞要不斷的鞏固。很多單詞背好之後，一段時間就會被忘記。所以筆者認為可以每天早上抽出半小時對單詞進行反復的復習。
作文一定要准備模板。作文的題目大家都不可預測，但是每年的題目風格大家都會估計到。網路上都會有些基礎的模板，筆者建議考博的考生一定要准備幾個模板，節省自己寫作的時間。
考試時，先保證正確率。由於考博的英語分數線都不會很高，但是考試的題目量很大。一般的考生都會很難完成所有的題目，所以唯一的方法就是保證自己的正確率。
平時練習時要有時間限制。可以把模擬題當作是模擬考試，一定要按時完成。這樣才可以達到很好的練習效果。
C. 篇章問題英語閱讀理解若干考博
Unit One
Passage 1
The physical distribution of procts has two primary aspects: transportation and storage. Both aspects are highly developed and specialized phases of marketing. The costs of both trans-porting and storing are built into the prices of procts. Transportation can be by truck, rail-
way, ship, or barge. For some items, such as exotic plants and flowers, or when rapid delivery is essential, air freight may be used.
Storage, or warehousing, is a necessary function because proction and consumption of goods rarely match: items generally are not sold as quickly as they are made. Inventories build up, both in warehouses and at retail establishments, before the foods are sold. The transporta-tion function is involved in bringing goods to a warehouse and taking them from it to retail stores.
Storage performs the service of stabilizing market price. If, for example, no agricultural proct could be stored, all food would have to be put on the market immediately. This would, of course, create a glut and lower prices drastically. There would be an immediate benefit to consumers, but in the long run they would suffer. Farmers, because of low prices, would be forced off the land, and the amount of food proced would decrease. This, in turn, would raise consumer prices.
Warehouses for storage are of several types. Private warehouses are owned by manufactur-ers. Public warehouses, in spite of their name, are privately owned facilities, but they are in-dependent of manufacturer ownership. General-merchandise warehouses store a great variety of procts. Cold-storage warehouses store perishable goods, especially food procts. Grain ele-vators are a kind of warehouse used to keep wheat and other grains from spoiling. A bonded warehouse is one that stores foods, frequently imported, on which taxes must be paid before they are sold. Cigarettes and alcoholic beverages are common examples.
The distribution center is a more recently developed kind of warehouse. Many large com- panics have several manufacturing plants, sometimes located outside the country. Each plant does not make every company proct but specializes in one or more of them. The distribution center allows a manufacturer to bring together all proct lines in one place. Its purpose is to minimize storage and to ease the flow of goods from manufacturers to retailers rather than build up extensive inventories. It reces costs by speeding up proct turnover. Very large corporations will have several distribution centers regionally or internationally based
1. The main subject of this passage is______.
A) transportation and storage B) storage of procts
C) distribution center D) two main aspects of proct distribution
2. Warehousing is important in that _
A) inventories build up before the goods are sold
B) the prices will go down
C) more goods are proced than can be consumed
D) the food has to be put on the market immediately
3. How many types of warehouses for storage are discussed in the passage?
A) 3. B) 4. C) 6. D) 7.
4. Where might one find meat and milk?
A) Grain elevator. B) Cold-storage warehouse.
C) Private warehouse. D) Bonded warehouse.
5. What is NOT true of a distribution center?
A) It is a relatively new type of warehouse.
B) Proct is replaced more quickly and costs are down.
C) Some distribution centers are not built in the sane country as the factory
D) It builds up extensive inventories to minimize storage.
Passage 2
How much pain do animals feel? This is a question which has caused endless controversy. Opponents of big game shooting, for example, arouse our pity by describing tile agonies of a badly-wounded beast that has crawled into a comer to die. In countries where the fox, the hare and the deer are hunted, animal-lovers paint harrowing pictures of the pursued animal suffering not only the physical distress of the chase but the mental anguish of anticipated death.
The usual answer to these criticisms is that animals do not suffer in the same way, or to the same extent, as we de. Man was created with a delicate nervous system and has never lost his acute sensitiveness to pain; animals, on the other hand, had less sensitive systems to begin with and in the course of millions of years, have developed a capacity of ignoring injuries and disorders which human beings would find intolerable. For example, a dog will continue to play with a ball even after a serious injury to his foot; he may be unable to run without limping, but he will go on trying long after a human child would have had to stop because of the pain. We are told, moreover, that even when animals appear to us to be suffering acutely, this is not so; what seems to us to be agonized contortions caused by pain are in fact no more than muscular contractions over which they have no control.
These arguments are unsatisfactory because something about which we know a great deal is being compared with something we can only conjecture. We know what we feel; we have no means of knowing what animals feet. Some creatures with a less delicate nervous system than ours may be incapable of feeling pain to the same extent as we do: that as far as we are entitled to do, the most humane attitude, surely, is to assume that no animals are entirely exempt from physical pain and that we ought, therefore, wherever possible, to avoid causing suffering even to the least of them.
D. 考博英語閱讀五個解題技巧
考博英語閱讀五個解題技巧
考博英語閱讀能力不是通過集訓可以提高的，但是應試技巧卻可以在短期得到大幅度的提升。下面我為大家搜索整理了關於考博英語閱讀五個解題技巧，歡迎參考閱讀，希望對大家有所幫助!我們應屆畢業生培訓網!
認真研讀真題文章
首先建議考生閱讀的文章，就是歷年真題中的閱讀理解部分。有的參考書本將這些文章單獨分列出來，同時配上譯文和解讀，考生盡量將近幾年來考博英語真題中的閱讀理解文章都能夠讀上五到十遍以上，達到完全理解甚至背誦的程度。
增加閱讀面
考博英語真題的閱讀理解文章都是出自於國外刊物。這里，向大家推薦：英文網站如CNN或者紐約時報網站，《英語文摘》雜志和《China Daily》報紙，當然重點是上面摘的外刊部分。
攻破考博英語閱讀關的關鍵詞：返回原文、在題乾和文章中劃線做記號、反復研究真題、總結錯題原因、精做題而不是泛做題。
看選項
題目後面的選項，是文章考查的重點。因此，考生在做題之前，可先快速閱讀這選項的內容，掌握其中的關鍵詞，大致意思，保證在答題時，做到心中有數。
重點讀懂問題前後的句子
由於問題出在段落中間，導致文章的整個結構和邏輯已經被打斷，因此考生要想在短時間內掌握文章大意有很大困難。受文章長度的限制，很多考生往往在匆匆瀏覽全文過程中，抓不住重點，找不到方向，以至於雖然浪費了很多時間，卻收獲不大，對此篇文章仍然意識模糊，思緒混亂。所以，解決方法是一開始就邊閱讀邊分析做題，尤其是問題前後的句子，是閱讀的重點對象。只有明白了問題前後的句子，才能夠根據上下文意思的連貫性和邏輯性，再利用關鍵詞，從選項中選出正確答案。
鎖定關鍵詞
保持對關鍵詞的敏感是快速做題的捷徑。很多情況下，答案可以通過一些線索詞順藤摸瓜式的被發現。因此，查找答案時，要特別注意文中出現的與選項有所相關的同義詞、近義詞、反義詞或者表示同一類事物的詞語等，其次是句子之中的專有名詞、代詞、數詞等。
綜上所述，歷年真題是把握考博英語真題命題方向的重要參考資料，考生在復習過程中，一定要反復研究分析真題，在做題的質和量上都要達到一定水平。在解答考博英語閱讀題時，首先要看選項，然後准確定位選項在文中所出現的位置，之後結合前後句，理解該處所要表達的意思，提煉出關鍵詞，正確選項答案往往是包含與其相關的同義詞、近義詞、反義詞等。
考博英語閱讀攻略
考博閱讀文章，最好採用「五步精讀方案」。
第一步：模擬考試。——做閱讀選項；
第二步：逐句翻譯。——逐句詳細掌握整篇文章中每一個句子的單詞、語法結構、中文意思、英漢翻譯技巧，甚至能做到「看著漢語譯文，回譯出英語原文」；
第三步：重做選項。——在第二步完全掌握文章、弄懂原文之後，再回頭重做選項，進一步檢查第一步模擬考試的結果；
第四步：分析對錯。——核對閱讀選項答案，分析選項對錯，這一步是提高閱讀正確率最重要的一步；
第五步：鞏固復習。——隨時復習，做到「三個確保」（確保文章中每一個單詞都掌握，確保文章中每一個句子的結構和中文意思都知道，確保文章每一個選項正誤原因都清晰）。
上述五步，每一步都很重要，每一步都要踏實，每一步都要做到位。
再進一步解釋一下第二步「逐句翻譯」。這個過程比較煎熬，也比較耗時，但非常有效。個人以為，它是最有效的「考博英語復習方法」，也是最有效的英語學習方案。需要大家沉住氣，腳踏實地，慢慢做。筆者稱之為「七步翻譯法」。
（1）抄——抄寫英語句子。手抄一句，翻譯一句，搞懂一句，這才叫「逐句翻譯」。別圖快，不建議用電子稿，手寫一遍，單詞會加強，英語寫作能力會加強，漢英翻譯能力也會加強。抄寫的時候，要注意英語單詞的拼寫，還要注意冠詞、介詞、單復數的使用。
（2）譯——自己翻譯。不查詞典，別看任何參考譯文。硬著頭皮翻譯出一版中文，盡管可能不是人話，也要硬譯。沒關系，誰都是從很爛的中文譯文開始提高的。這一步只需要督促自己，把每一個閱讀句子當作翻譯模擬試題做下來。
（3）查——查閱詞典，適當分析英語句子的語法結構，為進一步翻譯打下單詞基礎和語法基礎。這時候，就可以適當弄懂自己在這個句子中想進一步深入學習的單詞，包括單詞的詞性、單復數、多義、搭配、用法等等；適當筆記。
（4）改——修改譯文。修改自己的第一版譯文。如果有必要，請重新翻譯。別偷懶，只在原來譯文的基礎上刪改增加，要完全重譯，直到自己滿意為止。這一步才是真正提高翻譯能力、英漢或者漢英表達能力的重要環節。
（5）對——對照參考譯文，分析自己對錯。一般可以從「大意是否相同、修飾是否正確、用詞是否准確、語言是否通順」四個角度來分析。如果錯，要分析為什麼，是什麼導致了錯誤。
（6）記——記住這句話中的單詞、片語、長難句的句型結構、翻譯方法、句子的意思。
（7）回譯——隨時復習，並進一步思考，如果用這個句子來寫作文，怎麼寫？如果用這個句子的中文來做漢譯英，怎麼做？
這種「逐句翻譯」，如同練「內功」一般，非常有效，很多考生在這種方法的幫助下，圓了自己的博士夢。曾經有一個報考中央民族大學藏傳佛教專業的考生，英語四級水平不到，就這樣「逐句翻譯」了中央民族大學8年閱讀真題，後來在考試中獲得70分的高分，如今已博士畢業，在某研究機構從事自己最喜歡的工作了。以下是一名考生的「逐句翻譯」筆記，可資參考：
2005年Passage 1
【句】A famous Native American proverb tells us, 「We should not judge
another person until we have walked two moons in his moccasins.」
【譯】美國有一句很出名的話告訴我們說：「只有穿著這個人的鞋子走了兩個月亮，我們才能判斷這個人。」
【查】①Native American // 北美土著居民，印第安人 ②proverb // n. 諺語 ③moon // n. 月亮 ④moccasin // n. 摩卡新軟皮鞋，軟幫鞋
【結構】A famous Native American proverb tells us（主句） //「We should not judge another person（直接引語作 tells 的賓語從句，其中主句是 we should not judge…）// until we have walked two moons in his moccasins（until時間狀語從句）.」
【改】印第安人有一條很著名的諺語，是這樣告訴我們的：「穿別人的鞋子走兩個月，才能去評判這個人。」
「閱讀精讀，逐句翻譯」的過程，要伴隨整個考博英語的復習階段，所以在前述「復習規劃」中，每天都有「閱讀精讀，逐句翻譯」這項任務。開始可以慢慢做。筆者建議，前四篇閱讀文章可以一周完成一篇，不要「貪多」，貪多嚼不爛，每天精讀、翻譯一段話就好。一般完成一篇文章以後，應該有一種煥然一新的感覺，覺得「自己的英語能力像換了個人一樣」。要由慢到快，慢慢體會自己英語能力的積累過程。臨近考試前，「閱讀精讀，逐句翻譯」依然要保證每天做一小段，速度會快很多，富餘的時間可以把沒有做完的.閱讀真題用作考前模擬。
考博考試英語閱讀理解技巧
1.例證題：
①例證題的標記。當題干中出現example，case等。
②返回原文，找出該例證所在的位置，既給該例子定位。
③搜索該例證周圍的區域，90%向上，10%向下，找出該例證支持的觀點。例子周圍具有概括抽象性的表達通常就是它的論點。
注意：舉例的目的是為了支持論點或是為了說明主題句。舉例後馬上問這個例子說明了什麼問題？不能用例子中的話來回答這個問題。找出該論點，並與四個選項比較，得出選項中與該論點最一致的答案。
①例證題錯誤答案設計的干擾特徵經常是：
就事論事。即用例子中的某一內容拉出來讓你去選。
要求：在閱讀中，遇到長的例子，立即給這個例子定位，即找出起始點，從哪開始到哪結束。
2.指代題：
①返回原文，找出出題的指代詞。
②向上搜索，找最近的名詞、名詞性短語或句子（先從最近點開始找，找不到再找次近的，一般答案不會離得太遠）。
③將找到的詞、片語或句子的意思代入替換該指代詞，看其意思是否通順。
④將找到的詞、片語或句子與四個選項進行比較，找出最佳答案。
3.詞彙題："搜索代入"法
①返回原文，找出該詞彙出現的地方。
②確定該詞彙的詞性。
③從上下文（詞彙的前後幾句）中找到與所給詞彙具有相同詞性的詞（如一下子找不到就再往上往下找），代入所給詞彙在文章中的位置（將之替換）看語義是否合適。
④找出選項中與代替詞意思相同或相近的選相，即答案。
注意：
a.如果該詞彙是簡單詞彙，則其字面意思必然不是正確答案。
b.考研閱讀不是考察字認識不認識，而是考察是否能根據上下文作出正確的判斷。
c.詞彙題的正確答案經常蘊藏在原文該詞彙出現的附近。注意不能靠單詞詞義直接往下推。
d.尋找時要注意同位語、特殊標點（比如分號，分號前後兩句話的邏輯關系不是形式上的並列就是語義上的並列，也就是兩句話的意思相同，所以可用其中一句話的意思來推測另一句話的意思從而推出所給詞彙含義）、定語從句、前後綴，特別要注意尋找時的同性原則。比如：讓猜一個名詞片語（動詞片語）的意思，我們就向上向下搜索名詞片語（動詞片語）。
隱蔽型詞彙題：題干與原文的某句完全重合，只有一兩個詞被替換掉。隱蔽型詞彙題的做法跟詞彙題的做法幾乎一樣，往上往下找。
;E. 高考英語閱讀理解訓練及參考答案
高考英消羨語閱讀理解訓練及參考答案
英語學習的重要性毋庸置疑，從小學到大學，以至於考研，拿擾拍考博，英語都佔有很重要的地位。為了幫助大家學習英語，我分享了一些高考英語閱讀理解，希望能對大家有所幫助!
英語閱李閉讀理解【1】
Schools across the world are trying to come up with creative solutions to keep students active. Some are replacing conventional classroom chairs with exercise balls or standing desks. At Ward Elementary School in Winston, North Carolina students have adopted an innovative program that entails(需要) riding bikes while reading.
Scott Ertl came up with the idea while he was exercising and reading at the gym. Believing it would be a fun way to convince students to become more active, he placed one bike in the corner of his classroom and encouraged them to use it ring independent reading sessions.
It was so popular that Ertl decided to add more bikes and offer the Read and Ride program to the entire school. Today Ward Elementary School has a special exercise room filled with bikes that can be used by students while completing their daily reading assignments.
Besides making reading more fun, the program also helps students exercise at a comfortable pace without the pressure that comes with regular sports-related activities. It is also a perfect way to release pent-up energy ring days when the weather is not concive to outdoor activities.
Most importantly, however, are the program’s academic benefits. A year after Read and Ride was introced at Ward Elementary School, students actively involved in the program demonstrated an astounding 83% reading proficiency(能力). Those who had not taken advantage of the exercise bikes tested at a much lower, 41%.
Though the improvement in academic achievement cannot all be attributed to(歸因於) programs like Read and Ride, experts believe they are a significant contributor. That’s because studies have shown that physical activity stimulates brain cells and helps prepare it for learning. As word of the difference made by this easy-to-execute exercise program spreads, don’t be surprised to find schools across the country adopt "Read and Ride" for their students.
5. What does Scott Ertl do according to the passage?
A. An expert. B. A coach.
C. A teacher. D. A bike maker.
6. Which of the following is the most important benefit of "Read and Ride"?
A. Making students interested in reading.
B. Helping students build up their body.
C. Having students’ riding ability improved.
D. Contributing to improving students’ reading ability.
7. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Schools all over the USA will adopt "Read and Ride" soon.
B. Ward Elementary School hasn’t adopted the Read and Ride program.
C. Students in Ward Elementary School created the Read and Ride program.
D. The improvement of students’ reading ability completely results from "the Read and Ride program".
8. The author’s attitude towards the Read and Ride program may be described as _______.
A. disapproving B. positive C. negative D. doubtful
答案5. C 6. D 7. A 8. B
英語閱讀理解【2】
Growing plants in the classroom is an excellent way to get students excited about science!
Start with seeds(種子)in the classroom. 36 They can do this by putting seeds or beans in wet paper towels and then in a clear plastic bag. The seeds should begin coming out in a few days, which can give the students an idea of what is happening underground when plants begin to grow.
Continue with seeds in the classroom. At the same time as the seeds are beginning to come out, plant the same type of seeds in soil. 37 They can also predict how long it will be before the seeds come out and are seen above the soil.
__38 A quick Internet search should let you know which plants are native to your area. This can connect the plant-growing in the classroom with natural history and other social studies lessons. Also, after growing the plants in your classroom, you can take the students on field trips to see where the plants grow naturally.
Explore the needs of plants. 39 You can know what they actually need by growing plants in the classroom and making observations along the way.
In all, growing plants in the classroom is sure to be an exciting science lesson. 40 They can train their creativity with their own gardens!
A. What do plants need to stay alive?
B. Grow native plants in your classroom
C. Try to start an outdoor garden in your school
D. Carrots and tomatoes can be grown easily
E. Students of all ages learn more knowledge from growing things
F. Students can learn about what exactly is happening under the soil.
G. For very young children, it is exciting just to see the seeds come out.
英語閱讀理解【3】
When it comes to health, it seems that sitting too much may be as bad for you as smoking. A study suggests that you should get an hour of exercise every day.
Researchers say the exercise can help office workers rece the risk of an early death. Many office workers spend much time seated. A lack of physical activity is linked to some 5.3 million deaths worldwide each years.
Ekelund says, “For many people there is no way to escape sitting for a long time. But we pay attention to the importance of getting exercise.” Ekelund suggests going for a run in the morning, riding a bicycle to work, or taking a walk in the middle of the work day. But if this is not possible, he suggests doing at least some exercise each day to rece the risk of disease and an early death.
For the study, researchers looked at 13 earlier studies on effect of inactivity. People were grouped according to the amount of activity they reported-from less than 5 minutes a day to up to 75 minutes a day.
The study found that those who sat for eight hours a day but got the suggested amount of exercise reced their chances of dying at an early age. These people did better than those who sat less but were not active.
Ekelund says, “There has been a lot of concern about the health risks.” He adds, “It is possible to rece these risks if we are active enough, even without taking up sports or going to the gym.”
32. From what Ekelund says we can learn that______
A. A bit of exercise is of no value
B. most people can’t escape sitting for a long time
C. proper physical activity is good for people’s health
D. we all often do sports when at work
33. What can be inferred from the text?
A. Eight hours of sitting a day is a proper amount of activity
B. There were studies about the connection between inactivity and health
C. Exercising can prevent people from dying
D. The more we exercise, the less healthy we are.
34. What may be the best title for the text?
A. Smoking is bad for people’s health
B. Many office workers die at an early age
C. Exercise is good for people sitting too much
D. Avoiding sitting in the office is very necessary
35. Where is the text most probably taken from?
A. A textbook B. A guidebook
C. A fashion magazine D. A news report
答案 32-35CBCD
;F. 人大考博英語
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大部分年份學校考博英語的難度適中，不會特別地難，但是每年都有大批的考生英語受限。還是說明考生在讀研期間或者工作之後對應於的學習還是有所放鬆，而想要在有限的復習時間內重新的把英語水平回復並且取得一個理想的分數就需要運用到一些高效率的方式方法。考生在英語復習備考中：一方面要加強英語基礎的鞏固學習，詞彙語法的記憶積累，另外閱讀量、閱讀速度等也都需要加強；另一方面還需要針對學校的考博英語命題特點展開復習備考，提升復習的效率。歷年考博英語真題應當作為第一手的復習資料，通過研究真題可以得到學校出題的題型、分值、難度、考察重點、題目來源等有價值的信息，結合以上分析得出的結論進行復習才會事半功倍有的放矢。學校在出題時經常會參照研究生英語教學的課程內容以及外院導師所著的英語輔導資料。此外也會借鑒其他重點院校的一些考博英語試題。歡迎廣大考生加入育明考博針對人大考博英語開設的輔導課程，進行重點針對性復習備考，快速提高英語應試能力並在人大考博英語中取得理想成績。另外針對人大的考博英語，我們育明考博總結編輯了一整套人大考博英語復習備考學習資料—《2015年人大考博英語復習資料》。該資料每年都會進行再版和更新，得到了廣大考生和育明考博學員的肯定。大量考生在這一套資料的輔助下順利取得了考博英語的高分。
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