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歷年高考英語閱讀長難句

發布時間: 2023-08-29 11:59:10

Ⅰ 高考英語長難句解析,要分析句子結構,句子意思。有什麼語法

2021新東方英語考研直通車田靜核心語法及長難句解析(英語一)(高清視頻)網路網盤 鏈接:

提取碼: uxnu 復制這段內容後打開網路網盤手機App,操作更方便哦

若資源有問題歡迎追問~

Ⅱ 歷年高考中出現的英語長難句(2)

51. News reports say peace talks between the two countries have broken down with no agreement reached.

新聞報道說這兩個國家的和平談判失敗,沒有達成協議。

簡析:關鍵詞break down失敗,reach an agreement達成協議。

52. The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once have they quarreled with each other.

這對老年夫婦結婚40年了,兩人從來沒有一次爭吵。

簡析:含主謂倒裝句。

53. After all, Ed’s idea of exercise has always been nothing more effort-making than lifting a fork to his mouth.

要記住的是,伊德搞鍛煉的想法根本沒有進餐使用刀叉那麼費力。

簡析:含比較級句型。

54.As a result , at the point in our game when I’d have figured on (predicted) the score to be about 9 to 1 in my favor , it was instead 7 to 9 — and Ed was leading.

就在我們比賽之前,我曾預料這場比賽對我有利,比分大概是9比1,結果比分反而是7比9,伊德暫時領先。

簡析:關鍵詞figure on預計,估計;in one’s favor對某人有利。

55.So when Ed arrived for our game not only with the bottom of his shirt gathered inside his trousers but also with a stomach you could hardly notice , I was so surprised that I was speechless , my cousin must have made an effort to get himself into shape .

因此當伊德來參加我們的比賽時,我發現他不僅將襯衫的底部扎進褲里,而且幾乎注意不到他的肚子,我感到很驚奇,以致無話可說,我的表弟過去一定努力把自己訓練好,保持很好的競技狀態。

簡析:含有not only…but also…及so…that…的句型結構,must have P.P表示對過去事實的推測。

56.In a way , I think we both won : I the game , but cousin Ed my respect.

在一定程度上,我認為我們都贏了,我贏得了這次比賽,伊德表弟贏得了我的尊重。

簡析:承前省略謂語動詞won。

57. It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows what to do with it.

據說在澳大利亞土地太多以致政府不知道怎麼去處理。

簡析:含比較級句型。

58. The research is so designed that once begun nothing can be done to change it.

這項研究設計得如此好以致一旦開始任何事都不可能改變它。

簡析:夾雜過去分詞短語once begun。

59. The mother didn’t know who to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out.

媽媽不知道誰應該受責備,因為打破玻璃這件事是她不在家裡的時候發生的。

簡析:關鍵詞be to blame受責備。

60.When I was in the army I received an intelligence test that all soldiers took, and , against an average of 100 , scored 160.

當我在軍隊服役時,我曾接受過所有戰士都參加的智力測試,與平均分100分相比,我得了160分。

簡析:關鍵詞against 與…相比較。

61.We didn’t plan our art exhibition like that but it worked out very well

我們原不是那樣計劃藝術展覽的,但出來的結果卻很好。

簡析:關鍵詞work out 結果是……

62. The home improvements have taken what little there is of my spare time .

房子裝修花費我的閑暇時間不多。

簡析:句型結構little of的用法,例We see very little of our children (we do not see them often) now that they are grown up.孩子們已經長大了,所以我們現在很少見到他們。

63. Having suffered such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.

這條河流已經遭受很重的污染,現在要清理為時太晚。

簡析:含too…to…句型及現在分詞的完成式。

64. Most believe the footprints are nothing more than ordinary animal tracks , which had been made larger as they melted and refroze in the snow.

大多數人相信這些腳印只是普通動物的足跡,這些足跡由於在雪裡融化再結冰而變大了。

簡析:關鍵詞nothing more than only。

65. But if they ever succeed in catching one, they may face a real problem: would they put it in a zoo or give it a room in a hotel?

但若他們真的抓住一個“雪人”的話,那麼他們可能面臨一個現實問題:他們會把它放進動物園,還是在一個旅館里給它一個房間呢?

簡析:含選擇疑問句型。

66. With proction up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year.

產量增長了60%,公司又經歷了一個極好的年頭。

簡析:含with構成的介詞短語。

67. The WTO cannot live up to its name if it dose not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind.

世貿組織如果沒有一個佔世界五分之一人口的大國加入的話,那麼它就不能名副其實。

簡析:關鍵詞live up to one’s name 名副其實。

68. It is the ability to do the job that matters not where you come from or what you are.

重要的是你做這件工作的能力,而不是你來自什麼地方,或是你是什麼身份。

簡析:強調句型It is +強調部分+that / who+從句。

69. How could I ever get him to finish unloading the car without screaming at me and making a scene in front of the other girls, who I would have to spend the rest of the year with?

我怎麼才能讓父親卸完車上的行李而不向我大喊大叫,在其他女孩子面前出洋相呢?我還要和這些女孩一起度過以後的日子。

簡析:關鍵詞make a scene 大吵大鬧,出洋相。

70.Dad’s face turned decidedly less red before he could bring out a “yes”.

父親在說出一聲“是”之前,臉終於沒有先前那麼紅了。

簡析:迂迴表達,心情如釋重負。

71. Soon I heard a sound like that of a door burst in , and then a climb of feet.

很快我聽到好象是門被撞進的聲音,接著是一陣上樓的腳步聲。

簡析:that替代前而的sound。

72. Father took the still smoking pistol from my hand, and fired another shot, which killed the gorilla.

爸爸從我手裡拿起那隻仍冒煙的槍,又開了一槍,這才殺死了那隻大猩猩。

簡析:關鍵詞fire another shot 又開了一槍。

73.It happened that father had sent us upstairs because he thought he would be able to lock the door—which was twenty feet away—before the animal reached it.

事情發生是這樣的,爸爸先把我們送上樓,因為他原以為他能夠在那個動物趕到之前(距離20英尺遠)將門鎖上。

簡析:句型結構It happened that…事情發生是這樣的…

74. He certainly looked the part all right, he thought, as he admired himself in the mirror.

當他在鏡子前自我欣賞時,他想他當然看上去很適合那個角色。

簡析:關鍵詞all right確實,無疑。

75. He put his head in his hands and tried to remember his lines, but nothing came to his mind.

他抱著頭,盡力的想台詞,但什麼也想不起來。

簡析:迂迴表達nothing came to his mind=He remembered nothing.

76. In fact the more he watched the play, the more he felt himself part of it.

實際上,他越是觀看這台戲劇,他越是認為自己已進入角色。

簡析:句型結構the more…the more…越…越…

77. Instead she took a short walk in a park nearby and came home, letting herself in through the back door.

反而,她在附近公園散步一會兒就回到家,她經過後門讓自己進去的。

簡析:分詞短語letting herself in 作狀語。

78. She settled down to wait and see what would happen.

她靜下心來等,看會發生什麼事。

簡析:關鍵詞settle down to do sth 靜下心來做…

79. Picking up the kettle of boiling water, she moved quietly towards the door.

她拿起那個裝著開水的壺,悄悄地向門移動。

簡析:現在分詞短語作伴隨狀語。

80. A sharp cry was heard outside as the wire fell to the floor and the hand was pulled back, which was followed by the sound of running feet.

當那根鐵絲掉在地上,哪只手縮回時,外面傳來尖叫聲,接著是逃跑的聲音。

簡析:三處被動語態間接描述小偷遭到的懲罰。

81. It wasn’t long before the police caught the thief.

很快警察抓住了那個小偷。

簡析:句型結構It wasn’t long before+從句,很快就…

82. Then, I noticed a tall man by the door, carrying something covered with brown paper.

接著,我注意到門旁一個高個子男人,拿著用棕色紙遮蓋著的某種東西。

簡析:含兩個分詞短語。

83. Turning to my next customer, I was terrified to see a gun stuck out of his coat.

轉向下一個顧客,看見一桿槍從他的外套伸出來,我非常恐懼。

簡析:過去分詞短語作to see的賓補。

84.“Smith!” the manager cried out in a voice like thunder “None of your excuses! Go start work at once! ”

“史密斯!”經理用象雷一樣的聲音大喊,“你不要找借口!給我立即開始工作。”

簡析:口語化的語言。

85. Waiting above the crowded streets, on top of a building 110 stories high, was Philippe Pettit.

菲力浦帕底特在110層高的建築物上,人群擁擠的大街上空等候。

簡析:含倒裝句型及分詞用法。

86. Philippe took his first step with great care. The wire held Now he was sure he could do it.

菲力浦非常小心地邁開第一步,鋼絲繩承受住了,現在他確信他可以走鋼絲了。

簡析:關鍵詞hold (vi) 承受。

87.And thousands of terrified(badly frightened)watchers stared with their hearts beating fast.

成千上萬感到很害怕的觀眾盯著看,他們的心跳很快。

簡析:含with構成的介詞短語。

88. Already she does many things a human being can do.

她已經會做一個人能做的許多事情。

簡析:含定語從句。

89. She even enjoys watching television before going to bed.

她甚至喜歡在上床睡覺前看電視。

簡析:含分詞及動名詞。

90. The measure of a man’s real character is what he would do if he knew he would never be found out.

衡量一個人真正品質的標準是看如果他知道他不會被別人發現的情況下他會做些什麼事。

簡析:表語從句中還含有虛擬語氣。

91.Thirty years after being introced to McCauley’s words, they still seem to me the best yardstick(准繩), because they give us a way to measure ourselves rather than others.

在我知道瑪考雷名言三十年後,它對我來說仍是最好的人生准則,因為這句名言給我們提供了一種衡量我們自己而不是他人的方法。

簡析:關鍵詞introce引見,例:Let me introce you to the pleasures of wine-tasting讓我給你說說品酒的樂趣。

92. Few of us are asked to make great decisions about nations going to war or armies going to battle, but all of us are called upon daily to make a great many personal decisions.

我們當中很少有人被要求作出關於國家進行戰爭,軍隊進行戰斗的重大決定,但我們每天都要求作出很多個人的決定。

簡析:含動名詞的所有格形式。

93. Here’s a fellow who just walks into a bank and helps himself to so much money.

有一個傢伙,就這樣走進一家銀行,擅自拿走這么多錢。

簡析:help oneself to擅自拿走。

94. Todd thought of the difficulty with which he managed to get the amount of money he needed to start his gas station.

托德想起自己的難處,他曾設法搞一大筆錢,他需要這筆錢來開辦他的加油站。

簡析:夾雜兩個定語從句。

95. Don’t pick up strangers and all your folks in gas stations better not do service to a white Ford car.

不要搭載陌生人,加油站所有的工作人員最好不要為一輛白色福特牌小汽車服務。

簡析:關鍵詞folks,加油站的工作人員。

96. “Fill her up”, the man said sounding like any other driver.

“給車加油”那個男人說,聽起來(這個劫匪)就好像是其他任何一名司機。

簡析:關鍵詞sound like 聽起來像…

97. It seemed that there was no suitable work for him.

看來對他來說沒有合適的工作。

簡析:關鍵詞suitable適合的。

98. But when John and his fellow soldier came in sight some of the people watching couldn’t help laughing at the one who couldn’t keep pace with the others as they march along.

但當約翰和他的戰友們出現時,一些觀看的人們禁不住嘲笑那個在行進中不能同步的那個人(約翰)。

簡析:句子結構較復雜,關鍵詞keep pace with 與…步伐一致。

99. They not only make it difficult to sleep at night, but they are doing damage to our houses and shops of historical interest.

他們不僅使人們在晚上睡覺困難,而且他們損害我們歷史名勝的房子和商店。

簡析:句型結構not only…but (also) …不僅…而且…

100. Hary also studying biology said they wanted to make as much noise as possible to force the government officials to realize what everybody was having to stand.

也攻讀生物學的哈利說他們要製造盡可能大的噪音來迫使政府官員們認識到大家正不得不忍受的東西。

簡析:句型結構as...as possible盡可能地……

Ⅲ 如何克服高考英語閱讀理解中的長難句障礙

如何克服高考英語閱讀理解中的長難句障礙高考英語閱讀理解題所選短文均選自英語原版文章,原汁原昧」,考生普遍感覺較難理解。那麼,這些 閱讀材料到底難在哪兒呢?除了生詞量大、篇幅長、信息量大以外.就是短文中的句子結構較為復雜,攙 雜了大量的長、難句。句法掌握不好的考生很難理清頭緒,影響其對短文內容的理解。 試看從 NMET2001 E 篇擇選的一長句: When a woman's closest female friend might be the first to tell her to leave a failing marriage,it wasn』t unusual to hear a tan say he didn』t know his friend』s marriage was in serous trouble until he appeared one night asking if he could sleep on the sofa. 該句後半句實際上包含有四個賓語從句和一個狀語從句,hear 後跟賓語從句,省略引導詞(that),這個 賓語從句中動詞 say 又帶了一個由(that) 引導的分賓語從句。 而這個賓語從中動詞 know 又帶了一個仍由(hat) 引導的分賓語從句,這個分賓語從句中有一個 until 引導的時間狀語從句.句中分詞 asking 作狀語,後又接 了一個 if 引導的賓語從句,五個從句盤根錯節。令人眼花繚亂。 再如 NMET2002 D 篇中第二段最後一句: He found out that Kit Williams had spent his childhood near Ampthill,in Bedfordshire,and thought that he must have tried the hare in a place he knew well,but he still could not see the connection with Katherine of Aragon, until one day he came across two stone crosses in Ampthill Park and learnt that they had been built in her honor in 1773. 此句長達 65 個單詞,結構比較復雜,句中包括一個並列句、兩處並列謂語、三個賓語從句、一個狀語 從句。外加插入成分。在並列句中,but 把前後兩個分句連接起來,前一個分中有 found out 和 thought 兩個 並列謂語.後一個分句中有一個 until 導的時間狀語從句,該時間狀語從句中已有 came across 和 learnt 兩個 並列謂語。 其實,再復雜的復合句,只要能恰當地運用句法知識進性結構和功能分析,就可突破其含義,准確地 理解短文大意,獲取重要信息。 一、抓住結構引導詞分析其長難句結構和功能 任何一個復雜長句都不外乎由一個或多個並列結構和復合句構成。並列結構一般有連詞 and,but,or 等連接;復合句按其在句中的作用可分為名詞性從句、形容詞性從句(定語從句)和副詞性從句(狀語從句) 三大類。任何一個復合句都有一個至幾個反應邏輯、意義及結構關系的引導詞,找出這些引導詞就能分析 出復合句的完整句子結構,清理出完整意義。平時要注意積累表示各種邏輯關系的連詞和短語。表示目的: so that,for the purpose that,in order that 等;表示結果:so…that…,such…that…,as a result,therefore, thus 等;表示條件:if,on condition that,unless 等;表示原因:because,since,as 等。 【例 l】 Another good thing about the use of noise-killing systems is that it saves the need for a silencer, which not only reces the weight of a car, but also makes the motor burn less oil and work better.(NMETl995 C 篇) 析:這是一個含有 that 引導的表語從句的復合句。並且表語從句後接了 which 引導的非限制性定語從 句。非限制性定語從句內有 not only…but also…連接的並列結構。句意:噪音消除系統應用的另一好處就 是沒有必要使用消聲器.這不僅減輕了轎車的重量。而且使發動機耗油更少,運轉更好。 【例 2】 even have different words for some tools, meat in particular, depending on whether it is still out in We the fields or at home ready to be cooked, which shows the fact that the Saxon peasants were doing the farming, while he upper-class Normans were doing most of the eating. (NMET2001D 篇) 析:whether…or…表示判斷選擇的搭配結構,which 引出定語從句,指代前文中的事實,that 引出同 位語從句,while 引出狀語從旬,表示對比。句意:我們甚至用不同的詞語來表示食物,特別是肉類,取決 於它們是否還在田問里,還是即將就廚。這表明撒可遜農民乾的是農活而上層的諾曼人乾的是吃喝。 【例 3】A Swedish Kennel Club official explains what this means: if your dog runs out on the road and gets hit by a passing car, the owner, have to pay for any damage done to the car, as you even if your dog has been killed in the accident. (NMETl997 C 篇) 析:該句前半部分 explain 接 what 引導的賓語從句:後半部分對此進行具體解釋,其中,在主句前後 各有一個 if 導的條件狀語從句和 even if 引導的讓步狀語從句。 the owner 是插入語。 as 句意: 一個瑞典 Kennel 俱樂部的官員解釋了這項(法律)的含義,如果你的狗跑到公路上被汽車撞了。作為主人。即使你的狗被撞 死了,你也要為被撞壞的汽車做出賠償。 【例 4】First, I have to find the red ones among the leaves, which means I almost have to stand on my head, and once found I have to reach down and under, pick the tomatoes and withdraw (縮回) my full fist without dropping the prize SO dearly won.(2005 全國 I 卷 E 篇) 析:全句是由 and 連接的兩個並列分句,在前半句中含有 which 引導的非限制性定語從句修飾整個主 句.在定語從句中,means 後接賓語從句,意為「首先,我必在葉叢中找到紅的西紅柿,這意味著我差不多 要倒立了」。在後半句中 once found 為一省略 they are 的時狀語從句。主句中 reach,pick,withdraw 為並列 謂語動詞,意為「一旦發現,我必須伸手到底下摘西紅柿,然後縮回來,而不把用這么昂貴的方式得來的 獎品弄丟」。 【例 5】 is difficult to measure the quantity of paper used as a result of use of Internet-connected computers, It although just about anyone who works in an office can tell you that when an e-mail is introced,the printers start working overtime. That is, the growing demand for paper in recent years is largely e to the increased use of the Internet. 析: 此句夾雜較復雜的句型結構。 although 引導的讓步狀語從句中, 主幹部分為 just about anyone can tell you that…在 that 引導的賓語從句中又含有 when 引導的時間狀語從句。句意:由於網際網路的使用。計算機 所使用的紙張的數量是很難衡量的,然而幾乎任何在辦公室工作的人都能告訴你。當引進電子郵件後,打 印機就開始超時工作。也就是說近年來人們對於紙張的日益需求主要是由於越來越多的使用網際網路。 【例 6】 Perhaps they will spend their days gollocking to make new spundlesor struggling with their ballalators through the circle, These words, which I have just made up, have to stand for tings and ideas that we simply can't think of. 析:後句包含兩個定語從句,一個是由 which 引導的非限制性定語從句修飾 words;一個是由 that 引導 的定語從句修飾 things and ideas。該句意為:這些字是我編造的,必定代表我們沒有想到的事物和主意。 二、抓主幹、剔從句 抓主幹、 一個句子的支架就是句中的謂語動詞。根據英語中五種基本句型結構,把句子中的主語、賓語、表語 等主要成分找出來,其他成分如定語、狀語、補語等則一目瞭然易於理解。一些長句其實就是一個由主句 和若干個狀語從句組成的一個多層次主從復合句,一定要搞清主句和狀語從句之間的邏輯關系,只要把邏 輯關系搞清楚了,則長難句就好對付了。如果把各個從句剔出來單獨理解,再把大意拼湊起來,構成整個 長句的意思,就可降低長句的理解難度。如: 【例 1】 One tiny 9 inch-plant bought for $ 1.25 in the spring, has already taken over much of my rose bed, covering much of other plants, and is well on its way to the front door. (2005 全國 I 卷 E 篇) 析: 句子主幹部分為 one tiny 9-inch plant has already taken over much of my rose bed and…。 bought 短語、 covering 短語分別作定語和狀語。句意:一個在春天時花$1.25 買的九英寸植物已經接管了我的玫瑰苗圃, 覆蓋了我的其他植物。正在向前門發展。 【例 2】Lewis found that in families with three or four children, dinner conversation is likely to center on the oldest child, who has the most to talk about, and the youngest, who needs the most attention. (2005 全國 I 卷 D 篇 1 析:句子主幹部分為 Lewis found that…,在 that 引導的賓語從句中,含有兩個 who 引導的定語從句。 修飾 the oldest child 和 the youngest。句意:萊溫斯發現在有三、四個孩子的家庭里,晚餐的談話焦點往往 是年齡最大和最小的孩子。最大的總是有許多的東西要說,而最小的則需要最多的關照。 【例 3】 Pasteur discovered that heating the wine gently for a few minutes after it had fermented would kill off the yeast that was left in the wine, with the result that the wine would remain fresh for much longer.. (NMET2002 春招 D 篇) 析:第一個 that 引出賓語從句,第二個 that 引出定語從句。第三個 that 引出同位語從句。句意:Pasteur 發現 (賓語從句) 在酒發酵之後,再加溫幾分鍾,能殺死殘留在酒中的酵母(定語從句),其結果能使酒的保 鮮時間更長(同位語從句。 【例 4】 What Winter knows of the 19-year-old boy who saved his life is only that he died in a car accident and that his family was willing to honor his wishes and donate his organs for transplantation.(NMET2002 春招 E 篇) 析:在這個句子中,what 引出主語從句。who 引出定語從句,is 後用 that 引出兩個並列表語從句。句 意:關於那個救了他的命的 19 歲的人 (定語從句) winter 知道的僅僅是,(主語從句) 他死於一場車禍(表語 從句 1),他的家人尊重他的意願把他的器官捐獻出來,用於移植(表語從句 2)。 【例 5】 First put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Fermat in the seventeenth century, the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds, including a French woman scientists who made a major advance in working out the problem, and who had to dress like a man in order to be able t study at the Ecole polytechnique. (NMET2003C 篇) 析:句子主幹部分為 the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds,過去分詞短語 put forward by…作狀語,現在分詞短語 including…作定語,短語中含有兩個由 wh0 引導的定語從句。句意: 這個定理.先是由十七世紀法國數學家皮爾法特提出,曾使一批傑出的數學大師為難。包括一位法國女科 學家,她在解決這個難題方面取得了重大的進展,她為了能夠在伊科爾理工學院學習曾女扮男裝。 三、抓關鍵詞 關鍵詞即為含有句子主要意思的關鍵信息,抓住關鍵詞讀者可以快速抓住該句大意和理解線索。 【例 1】 Tales from Animal Hospital will delight all fans of the program and anyone who has a lively interest in their pet,whether it be cat, dog or snake! (NMET2003C 篇) 析:關鍵詞:fans…愛好者.whether…or…無論是……還是……句意:來自動物醫院(這個電視節目)的故 事(這本書),將使這個電視節目的愛好者以及對無論是貓、狗還是蛇這類寵物有濃厚興趣的任何人感到高 興。 【例 2】After their stay, all visitors receive a survival certificate recording their success, that is, when guests leave the igloo hotel they will receive a paper stating that they have had a taste of adventure. 析:句中含兩個分詞短語,關鍵詞 state「表明」。句意:在他們逗留之後。所有的遊客都會收到一份生 存證明記錄他們的成功.也就是說當遊客離開小冰屋旅館時,他們會得到一份證明.表明他們曾嘗試過冒 險。

Ⅳ 英語閱讀理解長難句的處理技巧

英梁寬伍語閱讀理解長難句的處理技巧

一個英語句子之所以難以理解,有許多原因,其中一個主要原因是句子太長或者句子結構復雜。句子過長或者復雜無非是該句除了主幹之外還包含了一些附加部分,如插入語、同位語、分隔現象、各種從句或較長的非謂語動詞短語等等。這些附屬成分常有逗號或分隔符號與句子隔開,且插在一個句子中間,使本來完整的句子被斷開,因而增加句意理解的難度。分析長難句的基本方法是:首先,判斷該句是簡單句、並列句還是復合句;然後,找出句子的核心成分,分清主語和謂語,再分清句子附屬成分。下面我們來談談幾種長難句的橡或處理技巧。

一、處理長難句的原則方法

如果待處理的長難句為一個復雜的單句,可這樣處理:跳讀修飾成分,迅速找出主謂結構。這樣一來,我們便可以將長句化為短句,將難句化為易句。具巧敏體步驟是:先跳讀修飾成分或附加成分,找出句子的主幹並理解其意義;然後再分段理解修飾成分或附加成分。

如果待處理的長難句為一個復雜的並列句,可這樣處理:先找出其中的並列連詞,然後再根據並列連詞的意思理清句子前後是順連關系還是反連關系,是因果關系還是轉折關系等,最後再根據不同的語境關系正確理解句意。

如果待處理的長難句為一個復雜的主從復合句,可這樣處理:先分清主句與從句,然後弄清從句的性質,即弄清它是什麼從句。

如果待處理的長難句為一個復雜的主從復合句,可這樣處理:先分清主句與從句,然後弄清名詞性從句,還是狀語從句,或是定語從句。注意,弄清從句性質對於理解復合句的意思至關重要。

另外,有一點要提醒同學們,在處理長難句時,如果既能正確理解句意,又能將其准確地譯成中文,那是最好了。但是,對於有些長難句,要在較短時間內(如在參加考試時)將其譯成中文比較困難,此時只要能正確理解其意思就行了,如果硬要勉為其難地譯成中文,不僅會浪費時間,而且在許多情況也沒有必要。

二、經典高考真題實例分析

下面這篇文章共有194個單詞,卻只有9個句子,平均每個句子大約有22個單詞,是近幾年高考英語閱讀理解中一篇比較典型的集中含有長難句的文章。

A 38-square-mile island, is the farthest inhabited island in the world, according to the Guinness Book of Records. It is 1,510 miles southwest of its nearest neighbor St. Helena, and 1,950 miles west of Africa. Discovered by the Portuguese admiral(葡萄牙海軍上將) of the same name in 1506, and settled in 1810, the island belongs to Great Britain and has a population of a few hundred.Coming in a close second——and often wrongly mentioned as the most distant island——is Easter Island, which lies 1,260 miles east of its nearest neighbour, Pitcairn Island, and 2,300 miles west of South America.The mountainous 64-square-mile island was settled around the 5th century, supposedly by people who were lost at sea. They had no connection with the outside world for more than a thousand years, giving them plenty of time to build more than 1,000 huge stone figures, called moai, for which the island is most famous.On Easter Sunday, 1722, however, settlers from Holland moved in and gave the island its name. Today, 2,000 people live on the Chilean territory(智利領土). They share one street, a small airport and a few hours of television per day.

【解題分析】

1. 跳讀插入語:請看文章第一段的'第一句。第一步跳過插入語找出句子主幹:Tristan da Cunha is the farthest inhabited island in the world (Tristan da Cunha 是世界上無人居住的最偏僻的島嶼);第二步理解附加的插入語部分:a 38-square-mile island(該島面積為38平方英里,而且這是吉尼斯記錄之一),這樣該句話的意思就弄明白了。

2. 跳讀非謂語動詞短語:我們來看第一段第三句。首先跳過前面的非謂語動詞短語,找出主幹:the island belongs to Great Britain and has a population of a few hundred (該島是英國領土,人口大約幾千)。然後再來理解前面的非謂語動詞短語:Discovered by the Portuguese admiral of the same name in 1506, and settled in 1810(這個島嶼是在1506年被一個名叫Tristan da Cunha的葡萄牙海軍上將發現的,Tristan da Cunha1810年開始有人居住)。通過這樣分解難度,我們讀得輕松,理解得准確。

3. 跳讀分隔現象:請看文章第二段,這一段有35個單詞,卻只有一句話。因為該段既包括了分隔現象,又包含了定語從句,又有一個同位語,而且該句還是一個倒裝句。如果從前到後按照順序來理解,未免有點繁雜,抓不住重點。所以首先要跳過兩個分隔符號之間的內容,同時也要暫時擱置後面的非限制性定語從句,找出主幹並把主幹重新倒置過來變成正常語序:Easter Island is coming in a close second(Easter Island is coming in a close secondEaster Island是緊跟第二的最偏僻的島嶼);然後再理解分隔符號之間的內容和後面的定語從句等附加成分:Easter Island 常常被誤認為是最偏僻的島嶼,它在最臨近的島嶼(Pitcairn Island)東面1,260英里,在南美西面2,300英里。

4. 跳讀定語從句:定語從句在閱讀理解中是很常見的,有限制性和非限制性兩種。限制性定語從句用來限定所修飾的詞,與之關系非常密切,閱讀時要特別注意兩者的密切聯系,跳過限制性定語從句找到主句後要馬上回頭理解它的含義,確定它與先行詞的修飾關系。如文章第三段的第一個句子里就有一個限制性定語從句:who were lost at sea. 閱讀時一定要注意它與people的密切聯系:不是別人而是在大海里迷路的人五世紀左右在那裡定居。而非限制性定語從句與所修飾的詞關系不是很密切,主要起補充說明作用,它可能出現在主句中間,也可能出現在句尾。如果它出現在句中,閱讀時可以跳過去然後再來理解,也可以一起順便讀過去。如果非限制性定語從句出現在句尾,那閱讀時很方便,看完主句後附帶著看一下就可以了,因為它只是對先行詞的補充說明。如這一段的最後一句:for which the island is most famous. 看完主句我們得知該島與外界隔絕了一千多年,使得島上的人們有充足的時間來修建一千多具巨大的石雕。然後再附帶得知該島以這些石雕而聞名。

Ⅳ 求高考英語疑難句翻譯資料

08年高考英語閱讀長難句解析

1.Their study found that theobromine,found in cocoa,was nearly a third more effective in stopping coughs than codeine,which was considered the best cough medicine at present.
The Imperial College London researchers who published their results online said the discovery could lead to more effective cough treatment,「while coughing is not necessarily harmful(有害的) it can have a major effect on the quality of life and」 this discovery could be a huge step forward in treating this problem,」 said Professor Peter Barnes.
(NMET2008全國 ll D篇)
譯文:目前,可卡因是最佳的止咳葯物,可是他們的研究發現在可可粉中包含的可可鹼,其療效又比可卡因幾乎高三分之一。在網際網路上公布了他們的研究成果的倫敦皇家大學的研究員們說道:這種發現可能有助於找到更有效的治咳方式。彼得•巴恩斯教授說道:「這種發現可能在治咳史上向前邁了一大步」。
簡析:第一個句子中有一個賓語從句,賓語從句中有一過去分詞短語found in cocoa作定語,還有一個非限制性定語從句;第二個句子中有一個定語從句。

實例: 53.According to Professor Barnes,theobromine______.
A.cannot be as effective as codeine
B.can be harmful to people』s health
C.cannot be separated from chocolate
D.can be a more effective cure for coughs
2.Much of the energy that comes from the Sun never reaches the Earth』s surface.It is either reflected or absorbed by the gases in the upper atmosphere.Of the energy that reaches the lower atmosphere,30% is reflected by clouds or the Earth』s surface.The remaining 70% warms the surface of the planet.(NMET 2008 江蘇卷B篇)
簡析:句子中含有兩個定語從句,這是解題的關鍵。 either ...or連結的是並列結構。
譯文:來自太陽的大部分能量都不會到達地球的表面,這種能量或者被上層大氣中的氣體反射或吸收。在到達低層大氣的能量中,有30%的能量被雲層或地球的表面所反射,剩下的70%使地球的表面溫暖。

實例: 60.Only a small part of the Sun』s energy reaches the Earth』s surface because most of it is______.
A.absorbed by the clouds in the lower atmosphere
B.reflected by the gases in the upper atmosphere
C.lost in the upper and lower atmosphere
D.used to evaporate water from the oceans and lakes
3.The response to her request for help was so huge that Poe established Kids For A Cleaner Environment (Kids F.A.C.E.) in 1989.There are now 300,000 members of Kids FACE worldwide and is the world』s largest youth environmental organization.
(NMET 2008 山東卷D篇)
簡析:第一句中夾雜有一個結果狀語從句,又有復雜主語。主語的中心語為The response,其後的to her request for help為後置定語,第二句是由and並列的兩個簡單句,其中第二句中承前省略了主語kids FACE。
譯文:人們對她請求幫助的反應如此強烈以至於波建立了一個為了更潔凈環境的孩子的組織。現在這個組織在全世界有300,000名成員,並且它是世界上最大的青少年環保組織。

實例:72.Kids F.A.C.E is______.
A.a program to help students with writing
B.a project of litter recycling
C.a campaign launched by President Bush
D.a club of environmental protection
73.What can we learn about Poe?
A.She was awarded a prize in Brazil.
B.She donated billboard across the country.
C.She got positive responses for her efforts
D.She joined the National Park Service.
4.One of the reasons that made it cool for him not to care was the power of his peer(同齡人) group.(NMET 2008 遼寧卷C篇)
簡析:夾雜定語從句和形式賓語結構。
譯文:對他來說,不關心自己的學習是一種酷的標志的原因之一是受到他的同齡人的影響。

實例: 64.Why did Tom give up studying?
A.He disliked his teachers.
B.His parents no longer supported him.
C.It』s cool for boys of his age not to care about studies.
D.There were too many subjects in his secondary school.
5.The endless choice gives birth to anxiety in people』s lives.Buying something as basic as a coffee pot is not exactly simple.Easy access to a wide range of everyday goods leads to a sense of powerlessness in many people,ending in the shopper giving up and walking away,or just buying an unsuitable item(商品) that is not really wanted.(NMET 2008重慶卷E篇)
簡析:句子中夾雜著固定短語,v-ing式作主語,復雜主語,v-ing式作結果狀語以及定語從句。
譯文:無窮盡的選擇給人們的生活帶來了無盡的煩惱。買像咖啡壺這樣最基本的東西也不是那麼簡單了。對許多人而言,面對觸手可及的一系列的日常用品卻感到眼花了亂、不知所措,結果是購物者只好放棄選擇、匆匆而去,或者僅僅買了一件並非真正需要的不合適的商品。

實例:73.Why do more choices of goods give rise to anxiety?
A.Professionals find it hard to decide on a suitable proct.
B.People are likely to find themselves overcome by business persuasion.
C.Shoppers may find themselves lost in the broad range of items.
D.Companies and advertisers are often misleading about the range of choice.
6.As the only girl in a family of seven children,she often felt like she had 「seven fathers,」 because her six brothers,as well as her father,tried to control her.Feeling shy and unimportant,she retreated(躲避) into books.Despite her love of reading,she did not do well in elementary school because she was too shy to participate.(NMET 2008天津卷A篇)
簡析:第一句主幹結構為she felt like ...because ...,句首內容為狀語,because從句中有一個插入成份。第二句中v-ing作狀語表原因。第三句主幹結構為:she didn』t ...because ...。
譯文:作為家庭七個孩子中唯一的女孩,她常常有一種感覺,就是她擁有「七個父親」,原因是她的六個兄弟和她的父親都想控制她。由於羞怯和覺得無地位的緣故,她總是埋頭苦讀。盡管她酷愛讀書,可是在小學她的成績不佳,因為她太害羞而不能積極地參與。

實例:36.Which of the following is TRUE about Cisneros in her childhood?
A.She had seven brothers.
B.She felt herself a nobody.
C.She was too shy to go to school.
D.She did not have any good teachers.
7.They may think that eating lunch is the cause of the sleepiness.Or,in summer,they may think it is the heat.However,the real reason lies inside their bodies.At that time —about eight hours after you wake up—your body temperature goes down.This is what makes you slow down and feel sleepy.
(NMET 2008 四川卷C篇)
簡析:句中夾雜兩個賓語從句,一個時間狀語從句和一個what引導的表語從句。
譯文:他們可能認為吃午飯是他們睏乏的原因。或者在夏天,他們可能認為是炎熱的緣故。然而,真正的原因在於他們身體的內部。在那時,也就是說,在你醒來大約八個小時之後,你的體溫開始呈下降的趨勢。這就是使你行動遲緩並且感到睏乏的原因。

實例:44.Why do people feel sleepy in the early afternoon according to the text?
A.They eat too much for lunch.
B.They sleep too little at night.
C.Their body temperature becomes lower.
D.The weather becomes a lot warmer.
8.These brain differences also explain the fact that more men take up jobs that require good spatial skills,while more women speech skills.It may all go back to our ancestors(祖先),among whom women needed speech skills to take care of their babies and men needed spatial skills to hunt,according to one research.(NMET 2008陝西卷E篇)
簡析:第一句中包含一個that引導的同位語從句,在其中又有一個that引導的定語從句,還有一介詞 + 關系代詞(among whom)引導的定語從句。注意more women之後省去了與前半句中相同的take up jobs that require ...。
譯文:大腦這些差異也解釋了這樣的事實:更多的男性從事空間技能的工作,而更多的女性則從事需要語言技能的工作。這種現象也可以追溯到我們的祖先時代,據一項研究表明,在他們當中,女性做的是照看孩子這樣的需要語言技能的工作,男性做的是像狩獵這樣的需要空間技能的工作。

實例:59.Which of the following do you agree with according to the fourth paragraph?
A.Young boys may be stronger than young girls.
B.More women take up jobs requiring speech skills
C.Women may have stronger feelings than men.
D.Our ancestors needed more spatial skills.
9.In those days,IP rights were easily protected since it was very difficult to obtain intellectual property without paying for it.However,a lot of IP,including songs,films,books and artwork,can be downloaded today free of charge using the Internet.(NMET2008江西卷D篇)
簡析:句中有since引導的原因狀語從句,v-ing式作定語(including ...)和狀語(without paying .../using the Internet)。
譯文:在那個時代,知識產權很容易受到保護,因為不付費想得到知識產權是很困難的。然而,現在許多知識產權包括歌曲、電影、書籍和藝術品通過使用網際網路都可以免費下載。

實例: 69.What do we know about the Internet according to the passage?
A.It makes IP rights harder to protect.
B.It sells songs and films.
C.It does not affect the way we understand IP rights.
D.It prevents the proction of artwork.
70.According to paragraph 2,what has 「taken the world by storm」?
A.Intellectual property rights.
B.The Internet.
C.Free downloading.
D.The large number of songs,films and books.
10.The busier we are,the more important we seem to ourselves and,we imagine,to others.To be unavailable to our friends and family,and to be unable to find time to relax—this has become the model of a successful life.(NMET 2008湖北卷D篇)
簡析:句中有「The + 比較級,the + 比較級」的結構,還有復雜的不定式結構。
譯文:我們越忙,對我們自己而言,而且我們也以為在其他人看來,我們越重要。我們無空幫助朋友,找不到時間照顧家庭,找不到自己放鬆的時間,這已經成為了成功生活的模式。

實例:74.According to Paragraph 4,a successful person is one who is believed to ____ .
A.be able to work without stress
B.be more talented than other people
C.be more important than anyone else
D.be busy working without time to rest
11.The researchers said that among the problems with some earlier studies is that they often failed to take into account those people most at risk for skin cancer—people with fair skin and freckles(雀斑),for example—are more likely to use sunscreen.As a result,it may appear that sunscreen users get cancer more often.(NMET 2008福建卷E篇)
簡析:第一句的主體結構為:The research said that ...is that they failed to ...,其中第一個that引導一個賓語從句,賓語從句中又含有一個倒裝結構,其中主語為that they often ...的一個主語從句,表語為among the problems with ...。破折號間內容為插入語。
譯文:研究員們說,早期研究帶來的問題之一是他們沒有考慮到那些最有可能患皮膚癌人,比如皮膚白皙和有雀斑的人。可是皮膚白皙的和有雀斑的人最有可能使用防曬劑,結果是好像防曬劑的使用者患皮膚癌更常見。

實例:73.People with fair skin and freckles______.
A.seldom use sunscreen
B.are more in danger of skin cancer
C.can be free from the harm of the sun
D.often expose themselves to the sun
12.Yocum and Bell,who have just completed an art gallery for the city,feel that the experience from decoration of their building,focusing on the inside rather than the outside,has influenced their work.It has also given these architects a chance to show how they can make more out of less.(NMET 2008湖南卷B篇)
簡析:該句中有一個who引導的定語從句,兩個賓語從句(分別由that及how引導),v-ing式作定語。第一句的主體結構為:Yocum and Bell feel that the experience has influenced their work。
譯文:剛剛為這座城市建成藝術畫廊的約克姆和貝爾,確切感受到裝飾他們自己的房子中獲得的經驗,也就是說,把裝飾的注意力放在房子的裡面而不是外面對他們的工作產生了影響。同時這使這兩位建築師有了一次機會去展示他們是如何以較少的錢做更多的事。

實例:63.It can be inferred from the passage that Yocum and Bell______.
A.benefited a lot from pulling down the roof
B.turned more old buildings into art galleries
C.got inspiration from decorating their old building
D.paid more attention to the outside of the gallery

Ⅵ 英語in a time怎麼翻譯

閱讀是英語考試的重中之重,對英語閱讀中的長難句理解是攻克閱讀的有效方法。本文將著重講解高考英語閱讀真題中的長難句,希望提高大家閱讀能力。
長難句解題思路
1. 首先尋找連詞:連詞包含並列連詞,從屬連詞和關系詞,並且依據連詞將長句劃分成短句;
2. 依據五大句型基本結構,判斷短句的句子成分。注意區分謂語動詞和非謂語動詞(現在分詞,動名詞,過去分詞,不定式),明確句子的謂語動詞,剝離定語,狀語,從而確定句子的基本結構。
第1句:時間狀語從句,定語從句
When he returned, the boy was able to describe everything he had seen to the old man.
長句分析:
(1) when 引導的是時間狀語從句;
(2) he had seen: 是一個定語從句,修飾先行詞everything. 由於定語從句缺少賓語,因此省略了關系代詞that。注意:先行詞為不定代詞everything時,關系代詞不可使用Which;
(3) to the old man: 是做動詞describe的賓語補足語;
(4) describe: 描述. Describe something to somebody : 向某人描述某物;
長句翻譯:當他回來時,這個男孩能向老人描述他所看到的一切。
第2句:目的狀語從句,賓語從句
The robot will have to have a certain way to receive the program so that it knows what it is to do.
長句分析:
(1) so that : 引導了一個目的狀語從句,so 前面的句子是主句,that 後面的句子是目的狀語從句;
(2) what 引導的是it knows的賓語從句,充當knows的賓語,it 是指示代詞, 指代的是robot. What在賓語從句中充當do的賓語;
(3) have to : 不得不;勸告或建議時用;表示一定真實或肯定發生;
(4) have a way to do something : 擁有做某事的方法;
長句翻譯:機器人必須有一個特定的方式來接收程序,這樣它才能知道它要做什麼。
第3句:定語從句
The company Jackie chose planned to employ only one person, but more than twenty people applied for the job.
長句分析:
(1) 並列連詞but 鏈接了兩並列句,前面一個句子為復合句;
(2) Jackie chose: 是一個定語從句,用來修飾先行詞company的,由於定語從句中缺少賓語,所以該定語從句省略了關系代詞that/which;
(3) choose: 選擇;選取;挑選;決定;過去式:chose, 過去分詞:chosen;
(4) plan to do something: 計劃做某事;
(5) more than + 數量詞: 超過,多餘,相當於over;
(6) apply for : 提出申請;申請…職位;請求;
長句翻譯:傑基選擇的那家公司只打算僱用一個人,但有二十多個人申請了這份工作。
第4句:定語從句
Around this time, I started playing in a band with a Chinese man who became one of my best friends in Beijing.
長句分析:
(1)who引導了一個定語從句,修飾先行詞a Chinese man;
(2)around : 大約, Around this time的大約這個時候;
(3) start doing something: 開始做某事;
長句翻譯:大約在這個時候,我開始和一個中國人在一個樂隊里演奏,他成了我在北京最好的朋友之一。
第5句:條件狀語從句
I will tell you about it if no water is spilt when you reach here.
長句分析:
(1)主句是I will tell you about it, if 引導條件狀語從句,when引導時間狀語從句;
(2)tell somebody something = tell something to somebody: 告訴某人某事;
(3)spill: 溢出,湧出,蜂擁而出。過去式:spilt/spilled; 過去分詞:spilt/spilled;
現在分詞:spilling
長句翻譯:如果你到這兒時沒有水濺出來,我會告訴你的。
第6句:結果狀語從句
The crocodile noticed that accident, so down he dived, and brought it up in his huge mouth.
長句分析:
(1) so 前後鏈接的兩個句子表示因果關系,前面是因,後面是果;
(2) down he dived : 是將副詞down 提到了主語的前面,用於強調down;
(3) dive: 猛沖;(頭朝下)跳入水中;
(4) bring something up: 養育,撫養,養大;談及;提出;嘔吐;咳出;
長句翻譯:鱷魚注意到了這個意外,於是他潛了下去,用大嘴把它帶上來。
第7句:原因狀語從句,賓語從句,比較狀語從句
Frost thinks kids don`t find the experience of being taught by smart machine as strange as older people because they have grown up in a time of computers and smart phones.
長句分析:
(1)because引導了一個原因狀語從句,前面為主語,後面為從句;
(2)thinks 後面是賓語從句,該賓語從句省略了引導詞that;
(3)as strange as: 引導了比較狀語從句,第一個as 前面是主句,第二個as和後面是從句;
(4)在賓語從句kids don`t find , find 是謂語, the experience of … 是賓語且核心詞是experience, strange是賓語補足語;
(5)Of being taught : being taught 是動名詞的被動語態,做介詞Of的賓語,因為孩子是被智能機器教,因此使用倍動態;
(6)in a time of : 在原因狀語從句中充當grown up的時間狀語。
詞彙語法解析:
(1)find + somebody/something + 形容詞:發現/認為/覺得 某人/某怎麼樣。形容詞為賓語補足語,和賓語somebody/something 構成了復合賓語:
find the book interesting: 覺得這本書很有趣;
(2)動名詞的被動語態:being done
The boy missed being hurt by the car.
這個男孩避免了被車傷到;
(3)grow up: 長大;
(4)in a time of : 在…時期
句子翻譯:
Frost認為孩子們不像老人那樣覺得被智能機器教導的經歷和奇怪,因為他們生長在一個手機和電腦都很普及的時代。
第8句:非限定性定語從句
She and a group friends are using their program skill to create a new app called Food of Thought , which will allow parents, students and even kind-hearted strangers to donate money to lunch accounts for students who are in a nearby school.
長句分析:
(1)首先尋找連詞,關系代詞which引導了一個非限定性定語從句,修飾先行詞Food of Thought . 因此which前面是主句,which後面是從句;
(2)在which引導的定語從句中,who 是關系代詞,引導定語從句修飾先行詞students, 並且在定語從句中做主語;
(3)在which引導的定語從句, which 是主語,allow 是謂語,to donate 是賓語補足語;
(4)在主句中出現三個動詞 using, create, called, 需要區分謂語動詞和非謂語動詞。Using是謂語動詞,to create是動詞不定式做賓語補足語,Called 是過去分詞短語做後置定語,修飾app;
重點詞彙語法解析:
(1)donate: 贈送;獻(血);捐獻(器官);捐款,捐贈;
donation : 名詞形式
donate something to somebody/something : 將…捐獻給某人/某物;
(2)過去分詞短語做後置定語:表示被動
a book written by Moyan :一本由莫言寫的書;
a shopping mall opened last month: 一個上個月開張的購物商場;
(3)allow:允許
allow doing sth (allow to do 不正確)
allow sb to do sth
(4) kind-hearted: 仁慈的;善良的;寬容的;好心的;
(5)account:帳戶;帳目;描述,報告;解釋,說明;
open an account: 開銀行賬戶;
keep detailed account: 記明細賬;
He gave a detailed account of what happen on that night.
他詳細的描述了那天晚上發生的事。
(6)account for :
(a)(數量,比例上)占…
Computer accounts for 5% of expense.
電腦占據開支的5%。
(b)說明,解釋(原因,理由)
I can't account for why it happened.
我不能解釋這件事為什麼發生了。
長句翻譯:
她和一群朋友正在利用他們的程序技巧,開發一款名為「思想食物」的新應用程序,該應用程序將允許家長、學生甚至善良的陌生人向附近學校學生的午餐賬戶捐款。
第9句:時間狀語從句
Bees are now in danger and its number is going down every year largely because of human activity, while a third of the world's food proction depends on this yellow and dark insect and other pollinators .
長句分析:
(1)首先尋找連詞:and, while
(2)while 作為連詞有兩個作用,一是並列連詞,表示轉折,翻譯成「然而」,二是從屬連詞,引導時間狀語從句,翻譯成「當…的時候」。根據題意可知,此時while 為並列連詞;
(3)此長句的前半部分是由and連接的兩個並列句,前半部分主語+系統詞 + 介詞短語構成的主系表結構,後半部分是現在進行時;because of 為介詞短語做原因狀語
重要詞彙語法解析:
(1)in danger :垂危;處於危險中;處於危險之中;
(2)go down :下降;下沉;下降,降低;消退
(3)because of :因為,由於;
(4)proction :生產,產量;
(5)depend on :依靠
it all depends: 看情況
(6) a third :三分之一, two thirds :三分之二:英語中分數由兩部分組成」基數詞 + 序數詞」,當基數詞大於1時,序數詞要使用復數形式;
長句翻譯:蜜蜂現在正處於危險之中,它的數量每年都在下降,這主要是由於人類的活動,而世界上三分之一的糧食產量都依賴於這種黃色和深色的昆蟲和其他授粉者。
第10句:定語從句
In 1767, the British introced new laws that increased the prices of all goods which were brought into America .
長句分析:
(1)首先尋找連詞:that, which
(2)that 引導了定語從句,修飾先行詞laws ,並且that 在定語從句中充當主語的成分;
(3)which 引導了定語從句,修飾先行詞all goods, 並且which 在定語從句中做主語。注意:該定語從句是被動語態,系動詞使用復數形式were, 是因為和先行詞all goods 保持主謂一致;
(4)introce: 介紹, 採納,發起;
長句翻譯:1767年,英國實行了新的法律,提高了所有帶入美國的商品的價格。
第11句:原因狀語從句,賓語從句
As the family have picked up the new lifestyle, they find that they can spend more time talking over meals, playing sports and doing all kinds of activities together.
長句分析:
(1)首先尋找連詞:as, that;
(2)as 放在句首引導原因狀語從句,從句後面是主句;
(3)在主句中,they 是主語,find是謂語動詞,that引導賓語從句,做find的 賓語;
(4)在賓語從句中, can spend是符合謂語,time為賓語, talking, playing, doing 是由三個動名詞構成的並列賓語補足語;
重點詞彙解析:
(1)as可以引導願意狀語從句,翻譯成「因為,由於」,語氣沒有because強烈,是對主句的一個附加說明,主句和從句之間沒有必然的因果關系;
(2)pick up: 學會,養成;
(3)lifestyle: 生活方式;
(4)spend time (in) doing something ;
spend time on something :
花費時間做某事;
(5) all kinds of : 各種各樣的
長句翻譯:隨著這個家庭開始接受新的生活方式,他們發現他們可以花更多的時間邊吃飯邊聊天,一起運動,一起做各種活動。
第12句:原因狀語從句,定語從句
Those who choose to be happy must help others to find happiness , as the happiness of each has something to do with the happiness of all.
長句分析:
(1) 首先尋找連詞:who, as;
(2) as 引導原因狀語從句,as 前面的句子是主句;
(3)在主句中,who引導定語從句,修飾先行詞those, 並且在定語從句中充當主;
(4)Must help 是主句的符合謂語,others 是賓語,to find happiness 是賓語補足語 ;
重點詞彙解析:
(1)choose to do something: 選擇做某事;
(2)help somebody ( to ) do something : 幫助某人做某事,to可以省略;
(3)happiness: 幸福;
(4)have something to do with : 和…有關系;
have nothing to do with: 和…無關系;
長句翻譯:選擇快樂的人必須幫助別人找到幸福,因為每個人的幸福都與所有人的幸福有關。
第13句:賓語從句
A survey made by Nelsen last year showed that kids are using mobile phone even before they got into their teens.
長句分析:
首先找出連詞,有that, before ;
(1)that 引導賓語從句,做動詞showed 的賓語。在此賓語從句中,before 引導時間狀語從句,before前面是that賓語從句的主句;
(2)a survey 是整個復合句的主語,其中 made by Nelsen last year是過去分詞短語做後置定語修飾survey;
重點詞彙解析:
(1)survey : 調查;信息反饋;問卷調查;
(2)get into : 進入;穿上;成癖;陷於......;
(3)teens: 青少年;十多歲;青少年讀物(13到19歲之間)
長句翻譯:尼爾森去年做的一項調查顯示,孩子們甚至在十幾歲之前就開始使用手機。
第14句:強調句型,定語從句
Most of the time, it is not the problem you meet with but your reaction to the problem that creates the mess in your life.
長句分析:
(1)本句是一個強調句型,將it is , that去掉,重新組合句子:
Not the problem you meet with but your reaction to the problem creates the mess in your life.
(2)not ….but, 不是…而是…, 引導並列主語,the problem 和 your action to the problem ; creates 是謂語動詞, the mess是賓語;
(3)you meet with 是一個定語從句修飾先行詞problem,該定語從句省略了關系詞that/which;
重點詞彙語法解析:
(1)強調句型的結構:
It is(was) + 被強調的部分 + that(who) + 其他剩餘部分。
該句型可以用來強調主語,賓語,狀語,但是不可以強調謂語;
(2)強調句型判斷標准:
去掉it is(was), that(who), 句子仍然是一個完整的句子。
(3)not…but…:不是…而是…: 鏈接兩個並列主語時,謂語動詞採用就近原則
Not you but I am wrong.
不是你錯了,而是我錯了。系動詞使用am,依據I 來確定的;
(4)meet with: 遭遇,偶爾遇到;
(5) mess: 臟亂,不整潔,困境;
長句翻譯:大多數時候,造成生活混亂的不是你遇到的問題,而是你對問題的反應。
第15句:賓語從句,讓步狀語從句,時間狀語從句
She says although she always heard about bullying when she was in primary school, she never thought it would happen.
長句分析:
(1)本題是一個復合句,says是復合句的謂語動詞,後面所有的部分都是says的賓語從句;
(2)該賓語從句也是一個復合句,其中although引導了讓步狀語從句,該狀語從句中又包含了when引導了時間狀語從句(3)賓語從句的主句是she never thought it would happen.其中it would happen 也是一個賓語從句,做謂語動詞thought的賓語。
重點詞彙解析:
(1)although 不可以和but連用,但是可以和yet, still 連用;
(2)hear about: 聽說;
(3)bully: 恐嚇;脅迫;傷害;
(4)primary school:小學
長句翻譯:她說雖然她在小學的時候就聽說過欺凌,但她從未想過會發生這種事。
第16句:讓步狀語從句,定語從句
Although happiness is a door that is always open, we are the ones who have to decide if we are going to walk through the door.
長句分析:
(1)although 引導讓步狀語從句;在該從句中that引導了一個定語從句,修習先行詞a door, 並且在定語從句中充當主語的成分;
(2)在主句中,who引導定語從句,修飾先行詞the ones,並且在定語從句中充當主語的成分;
(3)在定語從句who have to decide中,if引導賓語從句,做decide賓語;
長句翻譯:雖然幸福是一扇永遠敞開的門,但我們是決定是否要走進這扇門的人。
第17句:賓語從句,強調句型
He suddenly realized that in the past it was his laziness that made him poor and unhappy

長句分析:
1. Realized是主句的謂語動詞,後面的that是一個賓語從句;
2. That引導的賓語從句是一個強調句型:去掉it wash…that…, 賓語從句的正常語序為his laziness made him poor and unhappy;
重要詞彙語法解析:
1. suddenly :突然;忽然;猛然;驟然;
2. realize: 實現;意識到;領悟;理解;
3. laziness: 懶惰;
4. make + somebody + 形容詞:使某人處於某種狀態。形容詞為賓語somebody的賓語補足語,對賓語進行補充說明
5. 強調句型的結構:
It is(was) + 被強調的部分 + that(who) + 其他剩餘部分。該句型可以用來強調主語,賓語,狀語,但是不可以強調謂語;
6. 強調句型判斷標准:去掉it is(was), that(who), 句子仍然是一個完整的句子。
長句翻譯:他意識到是他的懶惰使他過去貧窮不快樂。x數時候,不是你遇到的問題,而是你對問題的反應造成了你生活中的混亂。
第18句:賓語從句,定語從句,條件狀語從句
The strangers were good at judging if the person they were looking at was tired, and if they were sleepy, their attractiveness score was low.
長句分析:
1. 首先尋找此長句中的連詞:if, and。And前後為句子,因此and 鏈接了兩個並列句;
2. 第一個if引導了賓語從句,充當judging的賓語,If 翻譯成是否。且在此賓語從句中嵌套了一個定語從句they were looking at,該定語從句修飾先行詞the person, 該定語從句缺少賓語,省略了關系詞whom;
3. 第二個if引導的是條件狀語從句,翻譯成「如果」,主句為後面的their attractiveness score was low。
4. 注意:第二個if 並不是引導賓語從句,做judging的賓語。原因如下:如果if是judging的賓語從句,那麼從The strangers到sleepy 是一個句子, 後面的their attractiveness score was low.是另一個句子,兩個獨立的句子之間應該使用並列連詞鏈接。可是此處並沒有連詞,因此第二個If不是judging的賓語從句;
重點詞彙 解析:
1. be good at: 擅長;
2. judge: 判斷;
3. attractiveness:吸引力;魅力;吸引性;
長句翻譯:陌生人善於判斷對方是否累了,如果困了,他們的吸引力得分就很低。
英語資源合集
資源合集: &

歌曲TED: & 演講

電影紀錄片: &
英語教學:

開心英語:

Ⅶ 高考英語經典長難句的分析(2)

8.One of the earliest epidemics on record happened about500-550 AD when the Roman emperor at the time wasattemptingto rebuild the Roman Empire.

【句式翻譯】歷史上有記載的最早的傳染病之一發生在公元500-550年,當時的羅馬皇帝正在試圖重建羅馬帝國。

【句式分析】本句包含一個when引導的限制性定語從句,從句中運用了過去進行時。

【詞語點撥】attempt v.& n.嘗試,試圖

William attempted to find the solution to the problem.

威廉試圖找到問題的解決辦法。

He was nearly drowned in the attempt to swim across.

他在試圖游到對岸去時差一點被淹死。

【語法點撥】過去進行時的構成:was/were doing,表示“過去某個時間正在進行的動作”。常用的時間狀語有this morning, the whole morning, from nine to ten last evening, when, while等。如:

What was he writing all day last Sunday?

上周日他一整天都在寫什麼?

My brother fell while hewas ridinghis bicycle and hurt himself.

我哥哥騎自行車的時候從車上摔下來受傷了。

9. The last few years have seen environmentaldisasterson a grand scale, andexperts are predicting far worse to come.

【句式翻譯】最近的幾年裡,人們見證了大規模的環境災難,專家們預測更為嚴重的災難即將發生。

【句式分析】本句是由並列連詞and連接的復合句,第一個分句運用了現在完成時。

【詞語點撥】on a grand scale大規模地,大張旗鼓地

We should popularize scienceona grand scale.

我們應該大規模普及科學。

【語法點撥】現在完成時的構成:has/have done,常表示“某一動作或狀態發生在過去,對現在有影響”,也可表示“持續到現在的動作或狀態”。常用的時間狀語:for或since引導的時間狀語及before, until now, up till now,so far, up to the moment, in the last few years等。如:

Wehave bookeda roomfor today and tomorrow.

我們已經預訂了今天和明天的房間。

The househas been emptyfor ages.

這幢房子已經空了相當長時間了。(現在仍空著)

10. In the last few decades, scientists havereachedconsensusand reported that human beings are causing changes inthe Earth’s climate -- something previously seen asbeyondour control.

【句式翻譯】最近幾十年,科學家們達成共識並報道說,人類正在引起地球的氣候變化—而這在以前看來是我們不能控制的。

【句式分析】本句是復合句,含有一個that引導的賓語從句,主句中運用了現在完成時。

【詞語點撥】1) reach (a) consensus 達成共識,達成一致意見

It is very difficult for them toreach a consensuson this issue.

他們在這個問題上很難取得一致意見。

2) beyond prep. 超過;越過;在…較遠的一邊

The delay was caused by heavy weather and wasbeyond our control.

延遲是由惡劣天氣造成的,我們無法控制。

The beauty of the scene wasbeyond compare.

景色之美無與倫比。

Linda always wondered what wasbeyond the horizon.

琳達總是納悶著地平線的那一邊是什麼。

【語法點撥】現在完成時,具體用法第10句。

11. Treatments for jellyfish stings and snakebites havealso beendevelopedand in thelast five years there have been only three deaths from jellyfish stings andabout the same number from snakebites.

【句式翻譯】治療水母刺傷和毒蛇咬傷方法也已經研製成功,在過去的五年裡只有三人死於水母刺傷,這與被蛇咬傷致死的人數大體相同。

【句式分析】本句是由並列連詞and連接的復合句,第一個分句運用了現在完成時的被動語態。

【詞語點撥】develop v.開發,發展,研製(新產品)

Over the last few years tourism here hasdevelopedconsiderably.

在過去幾年裡,這里的旅遊業獲得了相當大的發展。

The two companies have teamed up todevelopa new racing car.

那兩個公司已合作研製新型賽車。

【語法點撥】現在完成時的被動語態的結構就是現在完成時態和被動語態的結構的疊合,即:has/havebeen done,表示“過去發生的動作對現在有影響或持續到現在,並且主語與謂語動詞之間為被動關系”。常用的時間狀語:for或since引導的時間狀語及before, until now, up till now,so far, up to the moment, in the last few years等。如:

The office looks nice. Ithas just been cleaned.

辦公室看起來很乾凈。它剛被打掃過。

The machinehas been repairedfor two hours.

這台機器已修了兩小時了。

12. Adverts are not only made and paid for bybusiness, but also by indivials, organizations and associations that wish toinformor ecate the public. 廣告不僅【句式翻譯】廣告可由商家付費製作,也可以由想給公眾傳達某種信息或教育公眾的個人、組織或協會來出資製作。

【句式分析】本句是由並列連詞not only…but also連接的復合句,第一個分句運用了一般現在時的被動語態。

【詞語點撥】inform vt. 通知 ,告知;構成短語:inform sb of sth 通知 某人某事

I shallinform yousoonofthe date of my arrival.

我將把我到達的日期通知你。

I regret toinform you thatI am unable to help you.

我遺憾地告訴你我沒法幫助你。

【語法點撥】一般現在時的被動語態的構成:is/are done。表示“現在經常性、習慣性的動作,並且主語與謂語動詞之間為被動關系”。

A lot of foodis wastedeveryyear.

每年浪費掉很多食物。

Millions of tons of waste and poisonous gasesare sent intothe air with the smoke. 數百萬噸的廢氣和毒氣隨著煙塵散發到空中。

13. Margaret,marriedwith two small children, has been working for the last seven years as anight cleaner, cleaning offices in a big building.

【句式翻譯】瑪格麗特,已婚,帶著兩個孩子,七年來一直在做清潔工,晚上給一座大樓里的辦公室打掃衛生。

【句式分析】本句是簡單句,運用了現在完成進行時,包含有兩個非謂語短語,marriedwith…在句中作後置定語,cleaning offices作伴隨狀語。

【詞語點撥】marry v. (使)結婚;嫁;娶

Because of her beauty, she has managed tomarryabove her.

由於貌美,她得以嫁給一個地位比她高的人。

I'm sure Jack was sincere when he said he wanted tomarry you.

我相信傑克說想娶你是真心的。

Theygot married toeachother against their parents’ wishes.

他倆的結合違背了各自父母的願望。

【語法點撥】現在完成進行時的構成:has/have been doing。表示“一個動作從過去某個時間開始,延續到現在,並且還有可能持續下去”。如:

Youhave been sittingin front of that computer too long.

你在電腦前坐的時間太長了。

No wonder he is so tired. Hehas been workingall day.

難怪他這么累,他工作一天了。

14.Ever since they were first put on the market in theearly 1990s, genetically modified (GM 轉基因) foods have been increasingly developed and marketed inmany countries in the world, mainly on thebasisof their promise to end the worldwide food crisis.

【句式翻譯】自從二十世紀九十年代早期首次投入市場以來,轉基因食物就不斷地在很多國家開發和銷售,主要是基於想要結束世界糧食危機。

【句式分析】本句是一個含有since引導的時間狀語從句的復合句,have been developed and marketed…是現在完成時的被動語態形式。

【詞語點撥】basis n. 基礎;構成短語:on the basis of 以……為基礎

Don’t evaluate a persononthe basis ofappearance.

不要以相貌取人。

Mr. Smith goes to the gymona regular basis.

史密斯先生定期去健身房。

【語法點撥】現在完成時的被動語態,具體用法第11句。

15.At nine o’clock on Saturday morning, I’ll be sitting in the front rowandlistening tothe great professorWillard talking about the future of my brain.

【句式翻譯】星期六上午九點鍾,我將會坐在前排,聆聽偉大的威拉德教授談論大腦的未來發展。

【句式分析】本句是簡單句,運用了將來進行時,含有一個復合賓語的結構,talkingabout…在句中作賓補。

【詞語點撥】listen vi. 聽(後面常接介詞to)

Whatever you said, he simply wouldn’tlisten.

你怎麼說他也不聽.

We’re going tolisten toareport this afternoon.

今天下午我們要去聽報告。

【語法點撥】將來進行時的構成:will be doing,表示“將來某一時間正在進行的動作,或表示要在將來某一時間開始,並繼續下去的動作”。常用延續性動詞,常用來表示禮貌的詢問、請求等。如:

The ministerwill be givinga speech on international affairs.

部長將就國際事務發表演講。

Please don’t call me between 8:00 and 10:00 tomorrow. I’ll be havingmy classes then.

Ⅷ 高考英語長難句解析,要分析句子結構,句子意思。有什麼語法

1、although
引導的讓步狀語從句,表示「雖然,縱然」之意。一般可與yet,
still
或nevertheless連用,但不能與but連用。值得注意的是,although引導的讓步狀語從句位於主句之前的情況較多。
2、
the
most
important
thing
是主語,about
this
new
type
of
pineapple
介詞短語作定語修飾thing
,that
引導的賓語從句,we
had
known其實是省了that
的定語從句,修飾它前面的the
his-and-miss
pineapples

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