關於長壽的英語閱讀
適合三年級小學生閱讀的英語故事篇一
Actaeonwhen she was tired with hunting artemis used to take abath in a little mountain spring.one hotsummer afternoon she was playing in the cool，quiet water with hermaidens when she heard arustle behind the bushes .she feltquite angry to find that a young hunter was peepingadmiringlyat her naked body .her maidens gave a sharp cry and crowded around thegoddess.but young actaeon had seen the huntress.
actaeon loved the hunting.he had been searching the woods every day.on this particularafternoon he felt so tired with running about that he，by accident，came over to the springinsearch of water.he was thus surprised to find artemisba thing.the angry goddess was not tobe calmed.she splashed water in the hunter''s face.as soon as the water drops fell onactaeon，he was changed into a stag .just at that moment he heard the barking of his team offifty hunting dogs.they were coming up to him.he was suddenly seized with fear ，andpresently ran away.the dogs，all driven mad by the goddess，ran after him closely.running asfast as his legs could carry him，actaeon was soon out of breath .feeling certain that he 1wasto die，he dropped to the ground and made no further attempt to get up.the dogs camenearer to their former masterand tore him to pleces.
阿卡同
當厭倦狩獵時，阿爾特彌晌塌斯常常在小山泉中淋浴。一個盛夏的下午，她和仙女們正在涼爽平靜的山泉中宴歲圓戲水時，突然聽到灌木叢中沙沙作響。她非常惱怒地發現一個青年獵人用愛慕的眼光偷看自己的*。仙女們發出刺耳的尖叫，簇擁在她身旁。但獵手阿卡同還是看見了女獵手阿爾特彌斯。
阿卡同酷愛打獵。他每日都穿越森林，搜尋獵物。而就在這個下午，他四處奔波頗感疲勞，因尋找水而偶然來到這片泉水旁。這樣，他就驚奇地發現水中沐浴的阿爾特彌斯。惱火的女神無法息怒。她將泉水濺到獵手的臉上。水落在他身上後，阿卡同轉眼就變成了一隻牡鹿。恰在這時，阿卡同聽到了獵狗的嚎叫，獵狗們向他撲來，他突然驚慌失措雀團，拔腿逃跑。而那群被女神逼瘋了的獵狗們則在後面窮追不舍。阿卡同拚命狂奔，很快就上氣不接下氣。感覺自己肯定會死去，他就一下躺在地上，不想再起來了。獵狗趕上了從前的主人，將他撕成了碎塊。
適合三年級小學生閱讀的英語故事篇二
the Golden Touchmidas，son of the GREat goddess of ida，by a hero whosename is not remembered ，was apleasureloving king of macedonian bromium，where he ruled over the brigians and planted hisfamous rose gardens.
one day，the old hero silenus，dionysus'' former teacher，happened to straggle from the mainbody of the dionysian army as it marched out of thrace into boeotia，and was found sleepingand drunken in the rose gardens.the gardeners tied him and ledhim before midas，to whom hetold wonderful tales of a big continent lying beyond the ocean''s stream ——altogetherseparatefrom the united mass of europe，asia，or africa——where gigantic，happy，andlonglived people lived in splendid cities，enjoying a wonderful law system.midas，delighted withsilenus'' fictions，entertained him for five days and nights，and then ordered a guide to leadhim to dionysus'' headquarters.
dionysus，who had been worrying about silenus，sent toask how midas wished to berewarded.he replied without hesitation：『please turn all i touch into gold.'' however，notonlystones，flowers，and the furnishings of his house turned to gold but，when he sat downto table，so did the food he ate and the water he drank .midas soon begged to be freed fromhis wish，because he was fast dying of hunger and thirst.highlyamused ，dionysus told him tovisit the source of the river pactolus and there wash himself.he obeyed，and was at oncefreedfrom the golden touch，but the sands of the river pactolusare bright with gold to this day.
點金術
彌達斯是伊達山大女神和一位姓名不詳的英雄的兒子。他是馬其頓勃洛彌恩的好尋歡作樂的國王。他統治勃里癸亞人民，種植聞名遐邇的玫瑰花。
一天，狄俄尼索斯酒神和追隨者從色雷斯出發去維奧蒂亞。狄俄尼索斯以前的老師森林之神老西勒諾斯不巧跟隊伍走散了。他喝得醉醺醺的，躺在彌達斯的花園里酣然大睡。園丁發現了他，把他捆起來領去見彌達斯。他給彌達斯講述有關大洋河彼岸的、與連成一片的歐羅巴、亞細亞或阿非利加完全脫離的一個大洲的奇妙的故事。大洲上座落著神奇的城市，居住著身材高大、幸福而長壽的人民，擁有值得贊頌的法律制度。西勒諾斯的故事使彌達斯聽得欣喜若狂。他盛情款待老山神五天五夜，然後派向導護送他回到狄俄尼索斯的大本營。
狄俄尼索斯一直在為西勒諾斯擔心。現在，他派人問彌達斯有什麼要求，他應該怎樣報答他。彌達斯毫不遲疑地回答說，「請恩准使我摸到的一切都變成金子。」然而，變成金子的不僅僅是石塊、花朵和屋內的陳設。他坐下吃飯時，他吃的食物和喝的水也都變成金子。過了不久，彌達斯懇求狄俄尼索斯使他從他那願望中解脫開來，因為他飢渴交加，快死了。狄俄尼索斯逗弄彌達斯，開心得很。他叫彌達斯前往帕克托羅斯河的源頭，在河裡洗個澡。彌達斯依法行事，立即解除了點金術，但帕克托羅斯河的沙子至今因含金而閃閃發光。
適合三年級小學生閱讀的英語故事篇三
Atlas And Perseusafter the killing of mesa，perseus，carrying her head with him，flew far and wide，over landand sea.as night came on，he reached the western limit of the earth ，where the sun goesdown.here he would gladly have rested till morning.it was the kingdom of king atlas，who wasbigger than all other men.he was rich in flocks and herds and had no neighbor or rival toinvade his country.but his chiefpride was in his gardens，whose fruit was of gold，hangingfromg olden branches，half hid with golden leaves.perseus said tohim，「i come as a guest.iclaim zeus for my father and i killedmesa.i seek rest and food.」but atlas remembered thatanancient prophecy had warned him that a son of zeus should one day rob him of his goldenapples .so he answered，「go away!or neither your false claims of glory or parentage shallprotect you」 ;and he attempted to drive him out.perseus，finding thegiant too strong forhim，said，「since you value my friendship solittle，please accept a gift」;and turning his faceaway，he help mesa''s head.atlas was changed into stone.his beard and hair becameforests，his arms and shoulders cliffs，his head asummit，and his bones rocks.each partincreased till he becamea mountain，and(such was the pleasure of the gods)heaven with allits stars rests upon his shoulders.
阿特拉斯和珀爾修斯
珀爾修斯殺死墨杜薩之後，提著她的腦袋翻山越海四處飛行。夜晚降臨時，他來到日落之處，地球的最西端。他很想在這里休息過夜。這是阿特拉斯國王的王國。阿特拉斯長得五大三粗，天下無雙。他擁有成群的牛羊，沒有來自鄰幫或敵人的侵犯。不過，他最引以自豪的是他的果園。那兒在金葉的虛掩下，金樹枝上掛滿了金蘋果。珀爾修斯對阿特拉斯說，「我是來作客的。我的父親是宙斯，我殺死了墨杜薩。我來是想找個休息的地方和充飢的食物」。然而，阿特拉斯想起古時候的預言說過，有一天，宙斯的一個兒子將奪走他的金蘋果。於是，他回答道：「走開!你自吹自擂的光榮業績和高貴血統一類謊話都救不了你的命」。說著，阿特拉斯便動手想把珀爾修斯趕出去。珀爾修斯發現巨人力大無比，他對付不了，便說：「既然你看不起我對你的友誼，那就請你勉為其難，接受我的禮物吧」。他轉過臉去，高舉起墨杜薩的腦袋。阿特拉斯頃刻間化成了石頭。他的胡須和頭發變成樹林;雙臂和肩膀變成了峭壁;頭成了山頂;骨頭成了岩石。他身體的每個部分都不斷膨脹，終於成了一座大山。根據神祗的心願，天體及其群星落在他肩頭，由他來背負。
㈡ 英語閱讀理解並翻譯
答案B A D
每個人都有生抄日。這些孩子生活在世界的不同角落。他們以不同方式慶祝生日。對於他們所有人來說來說，生日很有趣！
Mark：Mark生活在美國。他跟他的朋友和家人慶祝他的9歲生日.他們給他唱生日歌當他吹滅九個在他的生日蛋糕的蠟燭
Chen住在香港。每年，在chen的生日晚飯，他的母親做一碗長面條。每個人希望他長壽，就像面條一樣。
Carmen生活在墨西哥。她和她的朋友們用一個皮納塔慶生。他們努力地去打開皮納塔，為了他們的糖果和禮物調出來。這種慶生讓所有人感到開心。
Luis生活在阿根廷。他今天9歲。在他的生活派對上，她的哥哥將會輕輕地揪他的耳朵9次。孩子們每年多被揪一次。
英語四級閱讀理解匹配題技巧介紹
轉折對比處
轉折句或轉折關系常常是文章內容的強調之處，是作者表達觀點或陳述事物的關鍵地方。一般而言，轉折後的內容是語義的重點，它往往是作者的真實意圖所在，所以命題者常對轉折處的內容進行提問。考生應特別注意此處內容。轉折一般通過however, but, yet, in fact等詞或短語來引出。
強對比也是作者用來強調論證自己觀點的一種方法，常由unlike, until, not so much…as等詞或短語引出。命題者常就被對比者的屬性設題。
例(四級真題)
…likewise, a married man who smokes more than a pack a day is likely to live as long as a divorced man who doesn』t smoke. There』s a flip side, however, as partners are more likely to become ill or die in the couple of years following their spouse』s death, and caring for a spouse with mental disorder can leave you with some of the same severe problems.
Q: It can be inferred from the context that the 「flip side」 refers to ______.
A) the consequence of a broken marriage
B) the emotional problems arising from marriage
C) the responsibility of taking care of one』s family
D) the disadvantages of being married
文章第二段首先介紹了婚姻的好處，可以幫助彌補身體不健康所產生的不利影響。第四句中使用了表示轉折意義的連詞however，因此推斷下文將會談論婚姻產生的不利影響。所以此處的flip side是指「婚姻導致的弊端」，故答案為D)。
舉例處
作者在文章中經常引用具體的例子來使文章更有說服力，而這些例子很可能會成為考點，需加以注意。文章中常用as, such as, for example, for instance, take…as an example等引出的短語或句子作為例證。
例 (四級真題)
But privacy does matter—at least sometimes. It』s like health; when you have it, you don』t notice it. Only when it』s gone do you wish you』d done more to protect it.
Q: According to the passage, privacy is like health in that ______.
A) people will make every effort to keep it
B) its importance is rarely understood
C) it is something that can easily be lost
D) people don』t cherish it until they lose it
作者把隱私同健康進行比較，當人們擁有健康時，不曾注意到它，一旦失去才知其珍貴。D)中的cherish it與原文中的wish you』d done more to protect it意思一致。
數字年代處
數字年代在文章中常常會傳達重要的信息，因此也經常成為考查的重點，需要說明的是四級考試與其他考試不同，一般很少就數字本身的運算、辨認或推理設題，而往往就數字引出的信息命題。因此，考生在看到數字時還要注意其前後所印證或引出的具體信息。
例(四級真題)
We need economic growth unless we condemn the world』s poor to their present poverty and freeze everyone else』s living standards. With modest growth, energy use and greenhouse emissions more than double by 2050.
Q: Greenhouse emissions will more than double by 2050 because of ______.
A) economic growth
B) wasteful use of energy
C) the widening gap between the rich and poor
D) the rapid advances of science and technology
文中提到截至2050年，隨著經濟增長，能源利用及溫室氣體排放會加倍增長，A)中的「經濟增長」與原文中的modest growth所指一致，符合題意。
因果關系處
兩個事件內在的因果關系常常成為出題人的命題點，一般來講，這種選擇題有兩種形式,給出原因推斷結果，或給出結果推斷原因。
例(四級真題)
In the past few years, prominent schools around the world have joined the trend. In 2003, when Cambridge University appointed Alison Richard, another former Yale provost, as its vice-chancellor, the university publicly stressed that in her previous job she had overseen 「a major strengthening of Yale』s financial position.」
Q: Cambridge University appointed Alison Richard as its vice-chancellor chiefly because ______.
A) she was known to be good at raising money
B) she could help strengthen its ties with Yale
C) she knew how to attract students overseas
D) she had boosted Yale』s academic status
劍橋大學公開強調Alison Richard在以前的工作中負責監督財務，「是耶魯大學財政狀況提升的主要力量」，基於這個才能，劍橋大學聘請她擔任常務副校長一職。A)she was known to be good at raising money表達的與此句相同，故為答案。
主題句處
文章第一段的段首、段尾或最後一段的段尾處往往是整篇文章的主題所在;每一段的段首或段尾句通常是該段的主題句，因此命題者常常圍繞此處出題。
在四級考試中，文章或段落的主旨常以主題句的形式出現。主題句的特點是：語義完整、形式簡潔、觀點明確。在演繹類的文章中，語篇主題句一般位於篇章的開頭部分;在歸納類文章中，主題句多出現在段末或篇末;不過主題句有時也出現在文章中間部分。找到了主題句，就等於找到了此類題的答案。
例 (四級真題)
「The biggest problem is that couples assume each other knows what』s going on with their finances, but they don』t. There seems to be more of a taboo (禁忌) about talking about money than talking about death. But you both need to know what you』re doing, who』s paying what into the joint account and how much you keep separately. In a healthy relationship, you don』t have to agree about money, but you have to talk about it.」
Q: The author suggests at the end of the passage that couples should ______.
A) discuss money matters to maintain a healthy relationship
B) put their money together instead of keeping it separately
C) make efforts to reach agreement on their family budgets
D) avoid arguing about money matters to remain romantic
文章最後一句提到，要想維持一段健康的婚姻關系，雙方的金錢觀不一定要一致，但一定要彼此溝通。A) 「夫妻雙方應該討論錢的問題以維持健康的婚姻關系」是對原文的同義轉述，故為答案。
定義結論處
很多文章中會出現考生不熟悉的概念，作者往往會對這些概念給出相應的.定義，這些定義很容易成為考查的內容。很多文章都涉及一些調查或實驗，而這些調查、實驗的結果、結論又常常成為考點，因此考生一定要注意find, show, reveal, conclude等動詞引出的賓語從句以及thus等表示結論的詞語。
例(四級真題)
Most hydrogen and oxygen atoms in water are stable, but traces of both elements are also present as heavier isotopes. The heaviest rain falls first. As a result, storms that form over the Pacific deliver heavier water to California than to Utah.
Q: What is said about the rainfall in America』s West?
A) There is much more rainfall in California than in Utah.
B) The water it delivers becomes lighter when it moves inland.
C) Its chemical composition is less stable than in other areas.
D) It gathers more light isotopes as it moves eastward.
在太平洋上形成的風暴給加利福尼亞州帶來的雨水要比帶給猶他州的更多。 B) The water it delivers becomes lighter when it moves inland (雨水由沿海進入內陸地區時會變小)，加州屬沿海地區，猶他是內陸地區，因此，該選項是對原文的概括，故為答案。
列舉並列處
列舉並列處是指用First(ly)… Second(ly)… Third(ly)… Finally…; Not only…but also…; In addition; Furthermore; Moreover; Above all; On the one hand…, on the other hand…等表示順承關系或遞進關系的詞語列舉出的事實。列舉並列處是設置事實細節題的主要出處，若為正面出題，則與原文內容相同的選項為正確答案;若題干為反面設題，則與原文意思相反的選項為此題的正確答案。
例(四級真題)
Being sociable looks like a good way to add years to your life. Relationships with family, friends, neighbours, even pets, will all do the trick, but the biggest longevity (長壽) boost seems to come from marriage or an equivalent relationship. The effect was first noted in 1858 by William Farr, who wrote that widows and widowers (鰥夫) were at a much higher risk of dying than their married peers. Studies since then suggest that marriage could add as much as seven years to a man』s life and two to a woman』s. The effect holds for all causes of death, whether illness, accident or self-harm.
Q: William Farr』s study and other studies show that ______.
A) social life provides an effective cure for illness
B) marriage contributes a great deal to longevity
C) women benefit more than men from marriage
D) being sociable helps improve one』s quality of life
本文論述社交生活對人壽命的影響，開頭列舉了可能導致長壽的因素：善於與他人交際以及與家人、朋友、鄰居甚至寵物保持良好關系。但馬上轉折後提到能夠導致長壽的最主要的因素似乎在於婚姻或者是類似的關系。然後，提到這一結果最早由威廉·法爾於1858年記錄。B) 中的contributes…to是對第二句中的boost的同義轉述，故為答案。
比較級/最高級處
在文章中經常會對不同的對象進行某方面的比較，而這些比較經常成為考查的目標，尤其是在文章中的最高級出現之處。
例(四級真題)
「Retailers who』re responsive and friendly are more likely to smooth over issues than those who aren』t so friendly,」 said Professor Stephen Hoch. 「Maybe something as simple as a greet at the store entrance would help.」
Q: What contributes most to smoothing over issues with customers?
A) Manners of the salespeople.
B) Hiring of efficient employees.
C) Huge supply of goods for sale.
D) Design of the store layout.
對顧客態度友善、反應迅速的商家更容易解決好問題，從這里可以看出態度友善和反應迅速都屬於銷售人員的舉止問題。A) 「銷售人員的舉止」最符合題意，故為答案。
指代處
寫作、講話時為了簡潔、明晰地表達事物及其邏輯關系，常用各種代詞通過指代進行信息傳遞，當同時出現好幾個事物時，這種指代關系往往不容易區分，故常成為命題點。
例(四級真題)
At Penn, students are not asked to indicate race when applying for housing. 「One of the great things about freshman housing is that, with some exceptions, the process throws you together randomly,」 said Undergraate Assembly chairman Alec Webley. 「This is the definition of integration.」
Q: What does Alec Webley consider to be the 「definition of integration」?
A) Students of different races are required to share a room.
B) Interracial lodging is arranged by the school for freshmen.
C) Lodging is assigned to students of different races without exception.
D) The school randomly assigns roommates without regard to race.
原文倒數第四段最後一句提到，「This is the definition of integration.」而This指代的具體內容出現在前一句中，即with some exceptions, the process throws you together randomly(除特殊情況外，宿舍的安排一般是隨機的)。因此，所謂「融合的定義」實際上是指「隨機安排學生住宿」，故答案為D)。
特殊標點處
特殊標點符號處，尤其是段首的特殊符號所引出的內容往往表達了作者的觀點，闡述了全文的主題，因此也成為主旨大意題的高發命題點。
此處所說的特殊標點符號包括：
(1) 破折號(表解釋);
(2) 括弧 (表解釋);
(3) 冒號 (表解釋);
(4) 引號 (表引用或有其他特殊含義);
(5) 分號 (表進一步的解釋說明) 等。
在主題段落或主題句中，特殊標點符號所引出的內容往往是出題點，因此在解答這類題時，一定要特別注意對特殊標點所引出內容的把握。
例(四級真題)
Many African-American blogs have written about what they』d like to see Michelle bring to the White House—mainly showing the world that a black woman can support her man and raise a strong black family.
Q: What do many African-Americans write about in their blogs?
A) Whether Michelle can live up to the high expectations of her fans.
B) How Michelle should behave as a public figure.
C) How proud they are to have a black woman in the White House.
D) What Michelle should do as wife and mother in the White House.
第五段第二句使用了破折號，表達了美國黑人希望看到米歇爾可以向這個世界展示一個黑人婦女既可以支持她的丈夫，也可以支撐起一個強大的家庭的形象。D) 「作為妻子和母親，米歇爾在白宮應該做什麼」與原文意思相符，故D) 正確。
;㈣ 新概念英語第三冊精選必背文章
《新概念英語》是我國引進稿盯外國教材比較成功的一種,尤其第三冊(技能的培養)部分,句型集中,詞彙豐富,用法或伍新穎。下面是我帶來的新概念英語第三冊精選必背 文章 ，歡迎閱讀!
新概念英語第三冊精選鍵團和必背文章1
The process of ageing衰老過程
At the age of twelve years, the human body is at its most vigorous. It has yet to reach its full size and strength, and its owner his or her full intelligence; but at this age the likelihood of death is least. Earlier, we were infants and young children, and consequently more vulnerable; later, we shall undergo a progressive loss of our vigour and resistance which, though imperceptible at first, will finally become so steep that we can live no longer, however well we look after ourselves, and however well society, and our doctors, look after us. This decline in vigour with the passing of time is called ageing. It is one of the most unpleasant discoveries which we all make that we must decline in this way, that if we escape wars, accidents and diseases we shall eventually ‘die of old age’, and that this happens at a rate which differs little from person to person, so that there are heavy odds in favour of our dying between the ages of sixty-five and eighty. Some of us will die sooner, a few will live longer----on into a ninth or tenth decade. But the chances are against it, and there is a virtual limit on how long we can hope to remain alive, however lucky and robust we are.
Normal people tend to forget this process unless and until they are reminded of it. We are so familiar with the fact that man ages, that people have for years assumed that the process of losing vigour with time, of becoming more likely to die the older we get, was something self-evident, like the cooling of a hot kettle or the wearing-out of a pair of shoes. They have also assumed that all animals, and probably other organisms such as trees, or even the universe itself, must in the nature of things ‘wear out’. Most animals we commonly observe do in fact age as we do, if given the chance to live long enough; and mechanical systems like a wound watch, or the sun, do in fact run out of energy in accordance with the second law of thermodynamics (whether the whole universe does so is a moot point at present). But these are not analogous to what happens when man ages. A run-down watch is still a watch and can be rewound. An old watch, by contrast, becomes so worn and unreliable that it eventually is not worth mending. But a watch could never repair itself----it does not consist of living parts, only of metal, which wears away by friction. We could, at one time, repair ourselves----well enough, at least, to overcome all but the most instantly fatal illnesses and accidents. Between twelve and eighty years we graally lose this power; an illness which at twelve would knock us over, at eighty can knock us out, and into our grave. If we could stay as vigorous as we are at twelve, it would take about 700 years for half of us to die, and another 700 for the survivors to be reced by half again.
人體在12歲時是生命力最旺盛的時期。雖然在這個時期人的身材、體力和智力還有待發展和完善，但在這個年齡死亡的可能性最小。再早一些，我們是幼兒和小孩子，身體較脆弱;再遲一些，我們就要經歷生命力和抵抗力逐步衰退的過程。雖然這個過程起初難以覺察，但最終會急轉直下，不管我們怎樣精心照料我們自己，不管社會和醫生怎樣對我們進行精心照顧，我們也無法再活下去了。生命力隨時間的流失而衰退叫做衰老。人類發現的最不愉快的一個事實是：人必然會衰老。既使我們能避開戰爭、意外的事故和各種疾病，我們最終也會“老死”;衰老的速度在人與人之間相差甚微，我們最可能死亡的年齡在65至80歲之間，有些人會死得早一些，少數人壽命會長一些——活到八十幾歲或九十幾歲，但這種可能性很小。不管我們多麼幸運，多麼健壯，我們所希望的長壽實際上是有限度的。
衰老的過程，不經提起，正常人容易忘記;一經提醒，才會記起。我們對人總是要衰老的現象並不陌生，多年來就已認識到。生命力隨著時間流失而喪失活力，人隨著年齡的增長而接近死亡，這是不言而喻的，就像一壺熱水遲早會涼下來，一雙鞋漸漸會磨破一樣。人們不但認識到所有的動物，大概也認識到所有的有機物，如樹木，甚至宇宙本身，從事物的本質上來說都會“磨損掉”。我們通常看到的大多數動物，即使能讓它們活得足夠長久的話，也會像我們一樣衰老的。像上緊發條的手錶那樣的機械裝置，或太陽，也都會消耗完其能量(整個宇宙是否如此，目前尚有爭論)。不過，這些衰老的情況同人並不相似。手錶停了依然是只手錶，還可以重上好發條。然而一隻老掉牙的手錶，磨損太厲害，老得一點兒也不準了，最終會不值得 修理 了。但是，手錶決不會自行修理，它不是由有生命的部件組成，而是由金屬組成，而金屬可以隨著磨擦而磨損殆盡。而我們人，在一定時間內是可以自行修復的，除了暴病而死或意外事故外，至少足以克服一切一般疾病和事故。在12歲至80歲之間，我們逐漸喪失這種能力。能使我們在12歲時病倒的疾病，到了80歲可能會使我們一蹶不振而進入墳墓。假如我們能保持12歲時的旺盛生命力，那麼我們當中的一半人過700年才死去，剩下的一半人再過700年，才會又減少一半。
新概念英語第三冊精選必背文章2
What every writer want作家之所需
I have known very few writers, but those I have known, and whom I respect, confess at once that they have little idea where they are going when they first set pen to paper. They have a character, perhaps two; they are in that condition of eager discomfort which passes for inspiration; all admit radical changes of destination once the journey has begun; one, to my certain knowledge, spent nine months on a novel about Kashmir, then reset the whole thing in the Scottish Highlands. I never heard of anyone making a ‘skeleton’, as we were taught at school. In the breaking and remaking, in the timing, interweaving, beginning afresh, the writer comes to discern things in his material which were not consciously in his mind when he began. This organic process, often leading to moments of extraordinary self-discovery, is of an indescribable fascination. A blurred image appears; he adds a brushstroke and another, and it is gone; but something was there, and he will not rest till he has captured it. Sometimes the yeast within a writer outlives a book he has written. I have heard of writers who read nothing but their own books; like adolescents they stand before the mirror, and still cannot fathom the exact outline of the vision before them. For the same reason, writers talk interminably about their own books, winkling out hidden meanings, super-imposing new ones, begging response from those around them. Of course a writer doing this is misunderstood: he might as well try to explain a crime or a love affair. He is also, incidentally, an unforgivable bore.
This temptation to cover the distance between himself and the reader, to study his image in the sight of those who do not know him, can be his undoing: he has begun to write to please.
A young English writer made the pertinent observation a year or two back that the talent goes into the first draft, and the art into the drafts that follow. For this reason also the writer, like any other artist, has no resting place, no crowd or movement in which he may take comfort, no judgment from outside which can replace the judgment from within. A writer makes order out of the anarchy of his heart; he submits himself to a more ruthless discipline than any critic dreamed of, and when he flirts with fame, he is taking time off from living with himself, from the search for what his world contains at its inmost point.
我所認識的作家寥寥無幾，然而凡是我所認識和尊敬的作家，都立即承認在他們動筆時，不清楚要寫什麼，怎麼寫。他們心中有一個或兩個角色。他們處於急切不安的狀態，而這被當作是靈感。他們無不承認，一旦“旅程”開始，“目的地”常有急劇的變化。據我所知，有位作家花了9個月的時間寫了一部有關克什米爾的小說，後來卻把整個 故事 背景換成了蘇格蘭高地。我從未聽說過任何一位作家像我們在學校學的那樣，動筆前先列什麼提綱。作家在剪裁修改、構思時間、穿插情節、以至從頭重寫的過程中，會領悟到素材中有很多東西是他剛動筆時所未意識到的。這種有機的加工過程往往達到不尋常自我發現的境界，具有難以言表的構思魅力。一個朦朧的形象出現在作家的腦海里，他左添一筆，右添一筆，形象反而消逝了;可是，好像還有什麼東西存在著，不把它捕捉到，作家是不會罷休的。有時，一個作家一本書寫完了，但興奮仍不消散。我聽說一些作家，除了自己的書外，別的書一概不讀，猶如希臘神話中那位漂亮少年，站在鏡前，不能辨認出自身的真面目。由於這個原因，作家喋喋不休地談論自己的書，挖掘其隱晦的含義，增添新的含義，詢問周圍人的反應。作家如此行事當然會被人誤解。他還不如給人講一個犯罪案件或一個戀愛故事。順便說一句，他也是個不可饒恕的令人厭煩的人。
這種企圖消除自己和讀者之間距離的作法，企圖用不了解自己的人的觀點來研究自己塑造的形象的作法，會導致作家的毀滅，因為他已經開始為取悅他人而寫作了。
一兩年前，一位年輕的英國作家發表了中肯的看法。他說，初稿是才華，以後各稿是藝術。也是由於這個原因，作家同任何藝術家一樣，找不到可休息的場所，找不到夥伴和活動使自己得到安逸。任何局外人的判斷也比不上他自己內心的正確判斷。一旦作家從內心的紊亂中理出頭緒，就應按任何評論家想像不到的無情規范約束自己去寫作;當他沽名釣譽時，他就脫離了自我生活，脫離了對自己靈魂最深處世界的探索。
新概念英語第三冊精選必背文章3
Patterns of culture 文化 的模式
Custom has not commonly been regarded as a subject of any great moment. The inner workings of our own brains we feel to be uniquely worthy of investigation, but custom, we have a way of thinking, is behavior at its most commonplace. As a matter of fact, it is the other way around. Traditional custom, taken the world over, is a mass of detailed behavior more astonishing than what any one person can ever evolve in indivial actions, no matter how aberrant. Yet that is a rather trivial aspect of the matter. The fact of first-rate importance is the predominant role that custom plays in experience and in belief, and the very great varieties it may manifest.
No man ever looks at the world with pristine eyes. He sees it edited by a definite set of customs and institutions and ways of thinking. Even in his philosophical probings he cannot go behind these stereotypes; his very concepts of the true and the false will still have reference to his particular traditional customs. John Dewey has said in all seriousness that the part played by custom in shaping the behavior of the indivial, as against any way in which he can affect traditional custom, is as the proportion of the total vocabulary of his mother tongue against those words of his own baby talk that are taken up into the vernacular of his family. When one seriously studies the social orders that have had the opportunity to develop autonomously, the figure becomes no more than an exact and matter-of-fact observation. The life history of the indivial is first and foremost an accommodation to the patterns and standards traditionally handed down in his community. From the moment of his birth, the customs into which he is born shape his experience and behavior. By the time he can talk, he is the little creature of his culture, and by the time he is grown and able to take part in its activities, its habits are his habits, its beliefs his beliefs, its impossibilities his impossibilities. Every child that is born into his group will share them with him, and no child born into one on the opposite side of the globe can ever achieve the thousandth part. There is no social problem it is more incumbent upon us to understand than this of the role of custom. Until we are intelligent as to its laws and varieties, the main complicating facts of human life must remain unintelligible.
The study of custom can be profitable only after certain preliminary propositions have been accepted, and some of these propositions have been violently opposed. In the first place, any scientific study requires that there be no preferential weighting of one or another of the items in the series it selects for its consideration. In all the less controversial fields, like the study of cacti or termites or the nature of nebulae, the necessary method of study is to group the relevant material and to take note of all possible variant forms and conditions. In this way, we have learned all that we know of the laws of astronomy, or of the habits of the social insects, let us say. It is only in the study of man himself that the major social sciences have substituted the study of one local variation, that of Western civilization.
Anthropology was by definition impossible, as long as these distinctions between ourselves and the primitive, ourselves and the barbarian, ourselves and the pagan, held sway over people's minds. It was necessary first to arrive at that degree of sophistication where we no longer set our own belief against our neighbor’s superstition. It was necessary to recognize that these institutions which are based on the same premises, let us say the supernatural, must be considered together, our own among the rest.
風俗一般未被認為是什麼重要的課題。我們覺得，只有我們大腦內部的活動情況才值得研究，至於風俗呢，只是些司空見慣的行為而已。事實上，情況正好相反。從世界范圍來看，傳統風俗是由許多細節性的習慣行為組成，它比任何個人養成的行為都更加引人注目，不管個人行為多麼異常。這只是問題的一個次要的側面。最重要的是，風俗在實踐中和信仰上所起的舉足輕重的作用，以及它所表現出來的極其豐富多採的形式。
沒有一個人是用純潔而無偏見的眼光看待世界。人們所看到的是一個受特定的風俗習慣、制度和思想方式剪輯過的世界。甚至在哲學領域的探索中，人們也無法超越這些定型的框框。人們關於真與偽的概念依然和特定的傳統風俗有關。約翰•杜威曾經非常嚴肅地指出：風俗在形成個人行為方面所起的作用和一個人對風俗的任何影響相比，就好像他本國語言的總詞彙量和自己咿呀學語時他家庭所接納的他的詞彙量之比。當一個人認真地研究自發形成的社會秩序時，杜威的比喻就是他實事求是觀察得來的形象化的說法。個人的生活史首先就是適應他的社團世代相傳形成的生活方式和准則。從他呱呱墜地的時刻起，他所生於其中的風俗就開始塑造他的經歷和行為規范。到他會說話時，他就是 傳統文化 塑造的一個小孩子了;等他長大了，能做各種事了，他的社團的習慣就是他的習慣，他的社團的信仰就是他的信仰，他的社團不能做的事就是他不能做的事。每一個和他誕生在同一個社團中的孩子和他一樣具有相同的風俗;而在地球的另一邊，誕生在另一個社團的孩子與他就很少有相同的風俗。沒有任何一個社會問題比得上風俗的作用問題更要求我們對它理解。直到我們理解了風俗的規律性和多樣性，我們才能明白人類生活中主要的復雜現象。
只有在某些基本的主張被接受下來、同時有些主張被激烈反對時，對風俗的研究才是全面的，才會有收獲。首先，任何科學研究都要求人們對可供考慮的諸多因素不能厚此薄彼，偏向某一方面。在一切爭議較小的領域里，如對仙人掌、白蟻或星雲性質的研究，應採取的研究 方法 是，把有關各方面的材料匯集起來，同時注意任何可能出現的異常情況和條件。例如，用這種方法，我們完全掌握了天文學的規律和昆蟲群居的習性。只是在對人類自身的研究中，各主要的社會學科才用對一個局部地區各種情況的研究(如對西方文明的研究)來代替對全人類的研究。只要我們同原始人，我們同野蠻人，我們同異教徒之間存在的區別在人的思想中佔主導地位，那麼人類學按其定義來說就無法存在。我們首先需要達到這樣一種成熟的程度：不用自己的信仰去反對我們鄰居的迷信。必須認識到，這些建立在相同前提基礎上的風俗，暫且可以說是超自然的東西，必須放在一起加以考慮，我們自己的風俗和其他民族的風俗都在其中。
㈤ 請各位高手幫我翻譯一下以下4短英語閱讀,馬上要教假期作業了，急呀~謝謝(*^__^*)
A
不久之前，在英格蘭南部的一個小村莊里一個叫Johnson的老頭子一個人住著，他很有錢，但是他相當古怪.他通過和對外貿易賺了很多錢。當他75歲的時候，他向村裡小學捐了12000塊錢來為小朋友們的操場買地皮和器材。由於他的慷慨，很多人都會來看望他，其中有一個報紙記者。在談話中，Johnson說他已經75歲了，他希望他可以活到100歲。記者問他如何健康在75歲高齡時仍保持健康。Johnson很幽默，說他喜歡威士忌，每天都要喝上一點。他告訴記者：「我每天晚上都要在脖子上打一針。」其實他每天晚上都喝一杯威士忌。（這里一個V-ing表伴隨，意思可能不太對）
記者不太明白Johnson的意思。在他的文章中，他報道了Johnson已經75歲了，每天晚上都會在脖子上打一針。接下來的一個星期里，Johnson收到了成千上萬封從英格蘭各地寄來的信，信中人們都詢問他每天注射的注射器中到底放了什麼東西。
B
對於生理學，我們知道些什麼呢？
劃船：優秀的劃船男選手要身材高大，很健康但身體脂肪含量要很少，要有寬厚的肩膀和很長，並充滿力量的四肢。他的心臟能夠在一分鍾內輸送四十升的血液。
射擊：優秀的設計運動員心率很慢。在開槍的幾秒內，他們的每分鍾的心跳能夠下降20下。他們能夠准確地在兩次心跳之間開槍。手槍射擊運動員還需要強壯地上半身肌肉。
游泳：優秀的游泳運動員要身材高達，四肢修長，特別手臂要很長。最頂尖的游泳運動員有很大的腳。他們的大手起到槳的作用，細窄的臀部減少阻力，寬厚的肩膀給手臂提供充足的力量。
短跑：優秀的100m短跑運動員身材高挑，有流線型的身材。最頂尖的短跑運動員有纖細的腿和相對細窄的臀部。（slim lower是什麼意思？難道是又細又短么？）
體操：優秀的體操女運動員身材嬌小且很苗條，她們身體中肌肉比例很高，所以她們有很強的力量（這里with a high strength to weight ratio and even muscles不太肯定）。她們身體很窄，有助於保持平衡和保持一個高能量高力度的系統。
舉重：優秀的舉重運動員有身體強壯，身材呈流線型，肌肉發達。好的舉重運動員個子並不高，四肢相對較短。他們的心血管可以承受突然增加的血壓。
馬拉松：優秀的馬拉松運動員體態輕盈，腿部苗條，個子中等或偏小。他們身體對氧氣的吸收速度很快。
終於好了 讓大家久等了
㈥ 中石油職稱英語閱讀講解：To Be Content with One's
這是一篇關於中國人的“樂天知命”的觀念的文章，後面附有翻譯和練習題，歡迎大家閱讀。
To Be Content with One's Lot
樂天知命(be content with 以…為滿足;lot n. 命運)
1. Peter Hessler described two lifestyles and asked his Chinese students to choose the one they preferred, either a very long yet ultimately average and uneventful life, or a very exciting, fan-filled life that only lasted 24 years. Almost all of his 20 something year old students chose the first option. This surprised Peter because, from his experience with American youths, he was sure the Americans wouldn't have chosen a long, uneventful life.
1、彼得•赫斯勒(簡稱PH)請他的中國學生在以下兩種生活方式(two lifestyles)中選擇其一(they preferred定語從句，修飾the one;prefer vi. 喜歡;ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事)：一種是平庸卻長壽(uneventful adj. 平凡的)，另一種是只能活24年(that only lasted 24 years)卻享樂無比。那些20歲左右(something adj. 大約，沒想到還有這個意思，所以要特別注意)的學生們幾乎都選擇了第一種生活。彼得十分驚訝，在他看來美國青年並不會如此一致地選擇平庸但長壽的生活(可譯為：這令彼得十分驚訝，因為以他對美國青年的經驗，他認定他們不會選擇平庸但長壽的生活)。
2. The Chinese traditionally think (that) an uneventful, but long life is better than a short life fall of fan and adventure. There's even an idiom for the traditional Chinese attitude, "A good death is worse than a lazy life." This saying reveals a deeply ingrained sense of optimism and acceptance of fate. It's nothing at all like the Western idea of heroes made through tragedy.
2、無聊無趣(平凡的)但天長地久地活下去，好過(is better than)冒生命之險求得享樂的短命，這似乎是中國傳統的價值觀(直譯為：具有傳統觀念的中國人認為：平凡但長壽要好過沉浸於快樂與冒險的短壽)。有習語(idiom)為證(attitude n. 態度)：“好死不如賴活著。”它透露出根深蒂固的樂觀與宿命(acceptance of fate; acceptance n. 接受; fate n. 命運)(saying n. 諺語;reveal vt. 透露;ingrained adj. 根深蒂固;optimism n. 樂觀;)。與英雄產生於悲劇(tragedy n.)的西方價值觀完全不同(It's nothing at all;at all 根本;完全，用於否定句中)。
3. 30 years ago, at the beginning of China's reform, a group of intellectuals believed the acceptance of one's lot would hurt the growth of the People's Republic. The way they saw it, the Westerners' "seafaring culture" had allowed them to expand and advance while China's "agrarian culture" had shut the country off from the world and kept it focusing on itself.
3、30年前改革開放之初(at the beginning of China's reform)，一批知識分子(intellectuals)認為樂天知命、安於本分的傳統觀念(the acceptance of one's lot; lot n. 命運，沒想到還有這個意思，所以要特別注意)有害於中華民族的發展。在他們看來(The way they saw it)，西方的“藍色文明(seafaring culture航海文化)”使其開放、進步(allow sb. to do sth. 允許某人作某事);而(while)中國的“黃土文化(agrarian culture耕地文化)”使之封閉、守舊(shut off 切斷;keep doing sth. 一直做某事;focus on 集中於)。(這翻譯翻的，短的翻長了，長的翻短了，要好好體會)
4. Researching the unique traits of a nationality can reveal a number of interesting features. David N. Keightly is a professor of history at the University of California Berkeley and he made a study of the unique attitudes of the Chinese people. He believed their acceptance of fate originates from a geographical standpoint. The birthplace of the Chinese civilization is the Central Plains where the climate has less variation than the Mediterranean or the Near East. China's two main rivers, the Yellow River and the Yangtze River, both run from West to East, and don't change much in latitude. This means the cultivation both upstream and downstream are very similar. This uniformity of the agrarian culture reced the incentive for mutual trade and the need for people to travel very far. Hence, the exchange of thoughts, ideas and technology became restricted and the ancient Chinese culture tended to isolate itself within their regions of influence.
4、研究一個民族的某種特性是件有趣的事情(Researching the unique traits of a nationality現在分詞短語做主語;unique adj. 獨特的;獨一無二的;trait n. 特性;品質;feature n. 特色，特徵，特點;直譯為：研究一個民族的特質可以揭示許多有趣的事情)。美國加州大學伯克利分校的歷史學教授大衛•凱特利(簡稱DNK)研究分析了(made a study of)中國人樂天知命的獨一無二的人生觀(the unique attitudes)。他認為這種特性(宿命，即接受或滿足於命運的安排)源於中國特有的地理環境(originate from 起源於; geographical adj. 地理的; standpoint n.立場;觀點)。與地中海和近東地區相比，中國文明的發祥地中原地區的氣候類型更加有規律可尋(where引導的定語從句修飾the Central Plains; birthplace n. 出生地;variation n. 變化;直譯為：中國文明的發源地是在中原地區，這里的氣候與地中海和近東地區相比，更加缺少變化)。中國的兩大主要河流——黃河和長江——都是自西向東流，而且它們的緯度(latitude)變化也不大，這意味著河流上游和下游(both upstream and downstream)所種植的農作物類型差別不大(cultivation n. 耕種;培養;similar adj. 相似的)。因此就缺乏了相互貿易的動力(the incentive for mutual trade)，中國的古代文明自然就成為農耕文明(uniformity n. 均勻性;一致;incentive n. 動機;刺激;mutual adj. 共同的;相互的;the need for…的必要;直譯為：上下游“耕地文明”的一致性減少了相互貿易的動力及人們向更遠處旅行的必要)。而那些很少旅行的人們就沒有可能去交流思想和技術，封閉由此產生(restricted adj. 受限制的;isolate vt. 使隔離;使孤立;直譯為：因此交流思想和技術受到限制，中國古文化趨於在自身勢力范圍內自我封閉)。
5. According to Professor Keightly's theory, the climate of ancient China was very good. This would create a sense of optimism in the Chinese culture. In comparison, the people of the Mediterranean and the Near East had to face more natural disasters and were less optimistic. Besides the geographical factor which influences the development of cultures, Keightley believes the Chinese practice of ancestor worship has significantly influenced the makeup of the Chinese people. Keightley says, "I believe, the cultures that engage in ancestor worship are going to be conservative cultures. They're not going to find new things attractive because, that will be a challenge to the ancestors. There's no room in this culture for a skeptic."
5、凱特利教授相信中國古代的氣候良好(according to 根據;直譯為：根據凱特利教授的理論，中國古代的氣候良好)，因此生成了中國文化中的那種樂觀主義(a sense of optimism)。相比較之下(in comparison)，無論是地中海還是近東，都面臨著更多的自然災害(more natural disasters; disaster n.災難;不幸; have to do sth. 不得不做某事)，因而少了些樂觀。除了地理環境對文化發展的影響(直譯為：除了影響文化發展的地理因素外)，凱特利教授認為中國人對祖先的崇拜(the Chinese practice of ancestor worship;practice of ….有…的習慣;practice n. 慣例，沒想到還有這個意思，所以要特別注意;ancestor worship 祖先崇拜)也極深地(significantly)影響了中國人的特性(makeup n. 天性)。凱特利教授相信：“這種祖先崇拜(that engage in ancestor worship定語從句修飾the cultures;engage in 從事於;參加;忙於)的文化，是一種保守的(conservative adj.)文化(be going to do sth.)。你不會去發現新的有吸引力的東西(new things attractive)，因為那是對祖先的挑戰(challenge)。中國文化中沒有懷疑的餘地(skeptic n. 懷疑者)。”
6. Chinese people tend to want to return to the past, while Westerners are always looking towards the future. By comparing their lives to the past, it creates an unlimited feeling of satisfaction. With no other desires, people in ancient times had the opportunity to coexist harmoniously with nature. They worked towards an existence where their social development was in sync with the natural world. This sort of self-satisfaction and oneness with nature helped Chinese people develop a more optimistic attitude towards life.
6、中國人趨向於回顧過去(tend to do sht.傾向於做某事; want to do sth. 想要做某事)，而西方人更多的是展望未來(look towards 期待)。與過去相比較(compare to… 與…比較)，就會對當下的生活生出無限的滿足感(an unlimited feeling of satisfaction; unlimited adj. 無限制的)。無欲無求(desire n. 慾望;要求)，在古代，人們就能夠定下心來與自然和諧相處(to coexist harmoniously with nature 不定式做定語，修飾the opportunity; opportunity n. 機會;機遇;coexist vi. 共存;和平共處;harmoniously adv. 和諧地)，努力達到天人合一的境界(where 引導的定語從句修飾an existence; work towards 爭取;努力達到;existence生存方式;存在;sync n. 同步)。這種自我滿足以及與自然和諧共存，使中國人產生出樂觀的生活態度。
7. The Westerners have the opposite approach because they fear the uncertainty of the future. This leads them to work hard in changing their current situation in the hope of making tomorrow better than today. During this process, it's almost impossible to abide by the rules of the natural world or human nature. The idea of being content with one's lot is hard-pressed to take hold in this sort of environment.
7、西方人的觀點與此相反(the opposite approach 相反的看法)，源於對未來的不確定感(fear vt. 害怕;為…擔心;uncertainty n. 不確定性)，這促使他們努力改變現狀(lead sb. to do sth. 引導某人做某事;current situation 現狀)，以期明天比今天更好(in the hope of希望)。在努力的過程中難免會違反自然規律和扭曲人性(不定式短語是真正的主語，由於主語較長，在英語中習慣將其置後，而用it是形式主語，同時表語提前;abide by 遵守;直譯為：在努力的過程中，遵守自然規律和人性幾乎是不可能的)。樂天知命、安於本分的價值觀在這樣的文化氛圍中(in this sort of environment)是難以形成的(to take hold 不定式作結果狀語;hard-pressed adj. 處於困境的;take hold 生根;直譯為：滿足於自身命運的價值觀在這樣的文化氛圍中是難於生根的)。
8. Over these past few decades, the ideas of the West and the East have practically been reversed. The Chinese people have little choice but to drop the traditional idea of being content with one's lot if they want to improve their economic standing. They now emulate the West in opening up and becoming more enterprising. Unfortunately, this process of chasing materialistic dreams results in the destruction of nature. People have had to deal with increasing pressure and the income gap between rich and poor has become larger and larger. People are beginning to realize that the traditional idea we inherited from our ancestors, of being content with what one's lot, makes a lot of sense. As the West has forged ahead over the centuries, on the basis of its enterprising attitude, corruption and malpractice has kept pace. Today, the West is turning towards the East to find a way out.
8、有趣的是，近幾十年來(over these past few decades)，至少在表面上，東西方似乎呈現出一種互換的態勢(have practically been reversed; reverse vt. 顛倒)。中國人因為經濟的落後，不得不拋棄(drop)傳統的樂天知命觀，學習西方的`進取和開拓(emulate vt. 模仿;盡力趕上;open up 開創;enterprising adj. 有事業心的有進取心的;直譯為：如果中國人想要改善他們的經濟狀況，不放棄傳統的樂天知命觀，他們可選擇的道路不多，現在他們開始效仿西方人的開創和進取精神)。不幸的是(Unfortunately)，在盡全力追逐物質主義的過程中，環境遭到破壞(chase vt. 追逐;materialistic adj. 唯物的;result in 結果是;destruction n. 破壞;摧毀)。社會財富分配不均衡(income gap 收入差距)，人們不得不承受巨大的心理壓力(兩個現在完成時態的並列句;people 做主語時，其謂語動詞(包括助動詞)要使用復數形式)。這令人意識到老袓宗“樂天知命”的價值觀念自有其道理(we inherited from our ancestors 是定語從句，修飾the traditional idea;inherit from 從…繼承…;make a lot of sense 很有道理;老師說過，逗號之間的句子多數用於補充說明，有時可以跳過，方便分析句子的成分，而不會影響整個句子的意思)。西方人在數百年的無休止進取後，弊端叢生(forge ahead 取得進展;銳意進取;on the basis of 根據;基於…; corruption n. 貪污，腐敗;malpractice adj. 玩忽職守;keep pace 並駕齊驅)，如今也紛紛轉向東方的價值觀尋找出路(to find a way out 不定式做目的狀語;turn towards 轉向;find a way out找到出路)。
9. Maybe there's something in the text-message that's doing the rounds on the Internet, when it says, "Once you're 50, pretty and ugly look the same. Once you're 60, high-rank and low-rank look the same. Once you’ re 70, lots of money and little money look the same. Once you're 80, men and women look the same. Once you're 90, living and dying look the same."
9、最近有一則網上流行的簡訊(that’s doing the round on the Internet做定語修飾the text-message)：“到了五十，好看難看一個樣;到了六十，官大官小一個樣;到了七十，錢多錢少一個樣;到了八十，男的女的一個樣;到了九十，活的死的一個樣。”(look the same 看起來一樣)
10. In a way, the message, pretty much, suggests that, even though China exported computers to America and Chinese people have traded in their bikes for BMWs, the past thirty years of reform hasn't changed our traditions and, the idea of being content with one's lot has never left our bones.
10、在某種程度上，這條簡訊似乎(pretty much 幾乎)暗示(suggest vt.)：改革開放30年，盡管(even though)中國生產的電腦已經賣到了美國(export to 向…出口;輸出到)，並且中國人已經丟掉自行車，開起了寶馬(trade in…for… 以舊換新)，但仍沒有改變他們的傳統，樂天知命的價值觀(the idea of being content with one's lot)仍在骨子裡，不曾磨滅。(本段翻譯做了小改動)
1. … or a very exciting, fan-filled life that only_______24 years.
A. lastedB. laterC. lateD. last
2. This _______ reveals a deeply ingrained sense of optimism and acceptance of fate.
A. saysB. saidC. sayingD. say
3. The Westerners' "seafaring culture" had allowed them_______while China's "agrarian culture" had shut the country off from the world and kept it _______ itself.
A. expanding and advancing; focusing on
B. to expand and advance; focus on
C. to expand and advance; focusing on
4. He believed their acceptance of fate originates _______ a geographical standpoint.
A. toB. fromC. intoD. of
5. This would create a sense of _______in the Chinese culture.
A. optimisticB. optimismC. pessimismD. pessimistic
6. They worked _______ an existence _______ their social development was in sync with the natural world.
A. towards; whereB. backwards; whichC. towards; while
7. Over these past few decades, the ideas of the West and the East _______ .
A. have practically reversed
B. have practically been reversed
C. be practically reversed
8. _______, this process of chasing materialistic dreams results _______the destruction of nature.
A. unfortunate; inB. fortunately; in
C. unfortunately; from D. unfortunately; in
9. People _______ had to deal with increasing pressure and the income gap between rich and poor _______ become larger and larger.
A. has; hasB. has; haveC. have; haveD. have; has
有關翻譯要求和原則的說明——
由嚴復老師提出的翻譯要求和原則，常在文言翻譯中被人提起，具體是文言文翻譯要做到“信、達、雅”三個字。翻譯原則，不僅僅用於文言，外語翻譯也一樣的。
“信”是指譯文要准確無誤，就是要使譯文忠於原文，如實地、恰當地用另一種語言把原文翻譯出來。
“達”是指譯文要通順暢達，就是要使譯文符合翻譯後的語言的語法及用語習慣，字通句順，沒有語病。
“雅”就是指譯文要優美自然，就是要使譯文生動、形象，完美地表達原文的寫作風格。
“信、達、雅”是翻譯的三種不同境界。我們不是翻譯家，因此在翻譯時我們要基本做到“信”，力爭做到“達”，就足夠了。
有關常見詞彙的偏意——
記得在某個英語培訓中，老師特別提到考試中會對常見詞彙的“偏意”進行考核，因此我們在學習中也要加強學習和記憶。如，
capital n. 首都;偏意：n. 資金
suggest vt. 建議;偏意：vt. 暗示
……
本文中出現的常見詞彙“偏意”有：
lot 許多;大量;偏意：n. 命運;一塊地
practice n. 實踐;練習;偏意：n. 慣例
something pron. 某事;偏意：adj. 大約