英語閱讀深層理解的例子
⑴ 英語閱讀理解高級篇訓練及答案
英語閱讀理解(高級篇)訓練及答案
Passage Eight (Wakefield Masters Realism)
Moreover, insofar as any interpretation of its author can be made from the five or six plays attributed to him, the Wake field Master is uniformly considered to be a man of sharp contemporary observation. He was, formally, perhaps clerically ecated, as his Latin and music, his Biblical and patristic lore indicate. He is, still, celebrated mainly for his quick sympathy for the oppressed and forgotten man, his sharp eye for character, a ready ear for colloquial vernacular turns of speech and a humor alternately rude and boisterous, coarse and happy. Hence despite his conscious artistry as manifest in his feeling for intricate metrical and stanza forms, he is looked upon as a kind of medieval Steinbeck, indignantly angry at, uncompromisingly and even brutally realistic in presenting the plight of the agricultural poor.
Thus taking the play and the author together, it is mow fairly conventional to regard the former as a kind of ultimate point in the secularization of the medieval drama. Hence much emphasis on it as depicting realistically humble manners and pastoral life in the bleak hills of the West Riding of Yorkshire on a typically cold bight of December 24th. After what are often regarded as almost documentaries given in the three successive monologues of the three shepherds, critics go on to affirm that the realism is then intensified into a burlesque mock-treatment of the Nativity. Finally as a sort of epilogue or after-thought in deference to the Biblical origins of the materials, the play slides back into an atavistic mood of early innocent reverence. Actually, as we shall see, the final scene is not only the culminating scene but perhaps the raison detre of introctory realism.
There is much on the surface of the present play to support the conventional view of its mood of secular realism. All the same, the realism of the Wakefield Master is of a paradoxical turn. His wide knowledge of people, as well as books indicates no cloistered contemplative but one in close relation to his times. Still, that life was after all a predominantly religious one, a time which never neglected the belief that man was a rebellious and sinful creature in need of redemption, So deeply (one can hardly say naively of so sophisticated a writer) and implicitly religious is the Master that he is less able (or less willing) to present actual history realistically than is the author of the Brome Abraham and Isaac. His historical sense is even less realistic than that of Chaucer who just a few years before had done for his own time costume romances, such as The Knights Tale, Troilus and Cressida, etc. Moreover Chaucer had the excuse of highly romantic materials for taking liberties with history.
1. Which of the following statements about the Wakefield Master is NOT True?
[A]. He was Chaucers contemporary.
[B]. He is remembered as the author of five or six realistic plays.
[C]. He write like John Steinbeck.
[D]. HE was an accomplished artist.
2. By patristic, the author means
[A]. realistic. [B]. patriotic
[C]. superstitious. [C]. pertaining to the Christian Fathers.
3. The statement about the secularization of the medieval drama refers to the
[A]. introction of mundane matters in religious plays.
[B]. presentation of erudite material.
[C]. use of contemporary introction of religious themes in the early days.
4. In subsequent paragraphs, we may expect the writer of this passage to
[A]. justify his comparison with Steinbeck.
[B]. present a point of view which attack the thought of the second paragraph.
[C]. point out the anachronisms in the play.
[D]. discuss the works of Chaucer.
Vocabulary
1. clerically ecated 受過教會教育的
2. lore 口頭傳說,口頭文字
3. patristic 有關早期基督教領袖的
4. vernacular 方言
5. boisterous 喧鬧的
6. metrical 韻律的
7. stanza 詩節
8. medieval 中世紀的
9. plight 悲慘的命運
10. secularization 世俗化,脫離教會
11. pastoral 鄉村的
12. bleak 荒涼的
13. documentary 記錄文獻的
14. monologue 獨白
15. burlesque 詼諧或游戲詩文的,諷刺或滑稽的
16. Nativity 基督的誕生
17. epilogue 收場白
18. deference 敬意,尊重
19. atavistic 返祖的,隔代遺傳的
20. slide back to 滑回,這里指返回
21. raison detre 存在的理由
22. all the same 即便如此
23. paradoxical turn 自相矛盾的說法
24. cloistered 隱居的
25. contemplative 好冥想的人(如僧侶)
26. the contemplative life 宗教上冥想的生涯
27. redemption 贖罪
28. mundane 世俗的,現世的
29. erudite 博學的,飽學之士
30. anachronism 時代錯誤,與時代不合的事物
難句譯注
1. Moreover, insofar as any interpretation of its author can be made from the five or six plays attributed to him, the Wake field Master is uniformly considered to be a man of sharp contemporary observation.
[結構簡析] insofar 義:只能,在范圍,常和as 連用。Attributed 過去分詞,這里指屬於韋克菲爾德大師寫的劇本。
[參考譯文] 再則,就以五六本,被認為是韋克菲爾德·馬斯脫所寫的劇本為依據來分析說明這位作者,他是一位公認為對時代具有敏銳洞察力的戲劇作家。
寫作方法和文章大意
這是一篇文學評論,評韋克菲爾德·馬斯脫的戲劇。他是喬叟的同時代人,採用對比手法,作者對比了他和別的批評家對韋評價之差異來論證韋克菲爾德本人的觀點,立場和作品的文體,語言,內容等各個方面。然後把他跟同時代人喬叟作比較,指出他的不足。
答案祥解
1. C. 他象斯坦貝克一樣寫。第一段作者說他是一位公認的對當時代具有敏銳洞察力的作家。現在仍然享有盛名。主要在於他對被壓迫和被遺忘的人民的同情,有著對人物性格了解的犀利眼光,對日常方言的曲折轉意的耳朵。他的幽默粗放而又喧鬧,粗魯而又愉快。因此,盡管他有意識的藝術效果(性),明顯表現在他對復雜韻律和詩節的感受力上,人們仍然尊他為中世紀的斯坦貝克,對貧苦農民悲慘命運的疾首憤怒,給以毫不妥協地甚至野性地真實描述。這段話說明,文內兩位作家之共同點是在內容觀點上。而不是指一樣的藝術形式上。韋克菲爾德寫的是詩歌形式韻文,而斯坦貝克是小說和散文劇。所以說他像斯坦貝克那樣寫就錯了。故選C.
A. 他是喬叟同時代人,見最後一句他的歷史觀點的現實主義稍遜於喬叟。喬叟在幾年前就為其時代寫了一本傳奇。 B. 他是作為五或六本現實之劇本的作者而為人紀念。本文第一句話只能從他寫的五個或六個劇本來說明這位作者。 D. 他是一位有成就的藝術家。
2. D. Patristic 義:為關於早期基督教領袖的。第一段中his Biblical and Patristic lore indicate的意思是他那有關聖經和早期基督教領袖們的歌謠。
A. 現實主義的。 B. 愛國的。 C. 迷信的。
3. A. 在宗教劇中介紹世俗之事。見第二段中的secularization義:世俗化,脫離教會。這一整段都講了韋劇中對世俗之事的描述:拿劇本和作者兩者一起講的話,現在習慣於把他的劇本看作中世紀戲劇世俗化的一個頂點。因此,對他世俗化強調常以一個例子來說明,即他現實主義的描述12月24日一個寒冷的夜晚,在約克郡西區荒涼的山裡的那種粗陋的`習俗和鄉村的生活;在常被人認為幾乎是記錄文獻的三個牧人三段連續的獨白之後,批評家們繼續認為他的現實主義在此時被強化到以諷刺嘲弄的口吻處理了基督的誕生。最後,作者收場白或事後的補充,對材料的來源聖經表示敬意。劇本又滑回到早期純潔無邪(天真)的崇敬,一種返祖基調中去。事實上最後一幕不僅是全劇的高潮,也許還是現實主義引言存在的理由。這一段清楚表明。批評者認為宗教只是作者的收場白,計劃外的添加劑而已。
B. 表現淵博知識材料。 C. 應用當代材料。太籠統。當代也有宗教之事。
D. 介紹早期宗教題材。
4. B. 表達抨擊第二段思想的觀點。這個問題最難回答,其所以選擇B,是因為本人作者並不同意流行的觀點。他在講完常規看法有,用引導來談紀實文獻和現實主義。這說明作者之含義並不是這兩個詞的本義。這段最後一句話事實上,最後一幕表明:最後一幕有宗教內容,而現實主義不過處於introctory階段。第三段點明作者的觀點現在的戲劇表面上有許多支持世俗現實主義模式的觀點。韋之現實主義有一個自相矛盾的特點。他對人和書本的廣泛的了解表明:他不是與世隔絕,而是和時代緊密相連的。再說,那時的生活畢竟是全方位的宗教。那時代絕不會忽視這種信仰人是叛逆和有罪的生靈,需要贖罪。大師是那麼深沉含蓄的信奉宗教,因而他比布羅姆作者更不可能(更不願)現實主義地表現真正的歷史。他的歷史感現實性甚至比喬叟更不現實主義。喬叟早在前幾年為他的時代寫了類似騎士的故事。特羅依拉斯和克萊西德等傳奇。再說,喬叟以高度浪漫的材料為借口對歷史事實任意處理。所以說,我們可以期望作者在下面一步發揮自己的觀點,抨擊第二段的看法。
A. 他和斯坦貝克的比較是公平的。 C. 指出劇中時代錯誤。 D. 討論喬叟作品。
;⑵ 英語閱讀理解翻譯加答案解析
英語閱讀理解翻譯加答案解析
閱讀理解是英語各題型中的重中之中。備考考研英語閱讀理解,關鍵是擴大英語閱讀的練習,下面是我給大家准備的英語閱讀理解真題的翻譯加答案解析,歡迎大家閱讀練習!
Talk to any parent of a student who took an adventurous gap year (a year between school and university when some students earn money, travel, etc.) and a misty look will come into their eyes. There are some disasters and even the most motivated, organised gap student does require family back-up, financial, emotional and physical. The parental mistiness is not just about the brilliant experience that has matured their offspring; it is vicarious living. We all wish pre?university gap years had been the fashion in our day. We can see how much tougher our kids become; how much more prepared to benefit from university or to decide positively that they are going to do something other than a degree.
Gap years are fashionable, as is reflected in the huge growth in the number of charities and private companies offering them. Pictures of Prince William toiling in Chile have helped, but the trend has been gathering steam for a decade. The range of gap packages starts with backpacking, includes working with charities, building hospitals and schools and, very commonly, working as a language assistant, teaching English. With this trend, however, comes a danger. Once parents feel that a well-structured year is essential to their would?be undergraates progress to a better university, a good degree, an impressive CV and well paid employment, as the gap companies blurbs suggest it might be, then parents will start organising—and paying for—the gaps.
Where there are disasters, according to Richard Oliver, director of the gap companies' umbrella organisation, the Year Out Group, it is usually because of poor planning. That can be the fault of the company or of the student, he says, but the best insurance is thoughtful preparation. “When people get it wrong, it is usually medical or, especially among girls, it is that they have not been away from home before or because expectation does not match reality.”
The point of a gap year is that it should be the time when the school leaver gets to do the thing that he or she fancies. Kids don't mature if mum and dad decide how they are going to mature. If the 18-year-old's way of maturing is to slob out on Hampstead Heath soaking up sunshine or spending a year working with fishermen in Cornwall, then thats what will be proctive for that person. The consensus, however, is that some structure is an advantage and that the prime mover needs to be the student.
The 18-year-old who was dispatched by his parents at two weeks'notice to Canada to learn to be a snowboarding instructor at a cost of £5,800, probably came back with little more than a hangover. The 18-year-old on the same package who worked for his fare and spent the rest of his year instructing in resorts from New Zealand to Switzerland, and came back to apply for university, is the positive counterbalance. [502 words]
16. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that parents of gap students may____.
[A] help children to be prepared for disasters
[B] receive all kinds of support from their children
[C] have rich experience in bringing up their offspring
[D] experience watching children grow up
17. According to the text, which of the following is true?
[A] The popularity of gap years results from an increasing number of charities.
[B] Prince William was working hard ring his gap year.
[C] Gap years are not as fashionable as they were ten years ago.
[D] A well-structured gap year is a guarantee of university success.
18. The word “packages” (Line 3, Para. 2) means________.
[A] parcels carried in traveling [B] a comprehensive set of activities
[C] something presented in a particular way [D] charity actions
19. What can cause the disasters of gap years?
[A] Intervention of parents. [B] Irresponsibility of the companies.
[C] A lack of insurance. [D] Low expectation.
20. An 18-year-old is believed to take a meaningful gap year when he/she.________
[A] lives up to his/her parents'expectations
[B] spends time being lazy and doing nothing
[C] learns skills by spending parents'money
[D] earns his or her living and gains working experience
>>>>>>答案解析<<<<<<
核心詞彙
at two weeksnotice 提前兩周通知;at short(a moments) notice隨時,提前很短時間通知 例:We are ready to start at short notice.我們已准備好,接到通知就可以出發。
back?up n./ a. *① 支援(者),支持(者) ② 備用品 例:a backup plan/system/pilot備用計劃/備用系統/候補飛行員
back up ① 支持(某人),證實(某說法) ② 備份,復制(磁碟) ③ 向後移動
counterbalance n./v. 平衡,抗衡;平衡抵消物; counter? 前綴,表示“相反的,相對的”如 counter?attack v. 回擊,counterpart n. 地位、職務等相當的人,對等物
look up ① 抬頭看 ② 尊敬,仰望 例:look up to sb. as ones teacher把某人尊為老師 *③ (形勢等)好轉 例:Things are looking up now.情況正在好轉。 ④ (在字典、參考書等中)查尋 例:look up a word in a dictionary在字典中查一個詞
package n. ① 包,盒,袋 *② a set of related things or services sold or offered together(必須整體接受的)一套,一攬子 例:a benefits package 一套福利措施 / an aid package 綜合援助計劃 / package deal 一攬子交易
pick up ① 拾起,拿起 例: pick up the phone拿起話筒 ② (偶然、無意地)獲得(收益、知識、消息等) pick up a tip from my mother 從媽媽那學到一個竅門 ③ 接收(訊號),收聽(廣播等)例:pick up the BBC World Service 接收英國廣播公司國際廣播節目 *④ (情況等)好轉,改進 例:Trade is picking up nicely.生意很有起色。
structure n. ① 結構,構造,體系 *② a situation in which everything is carefully organized and planned組織性,條理性 例: Kids need some sort of structure to their day. 兒童的日常生活需要有點條理性。
vt. 構造;組織;安排 例:You need to structure your arguments more carefully.你需要更仔細地組織好自己的論據。/ well structured精心組織的,安排周密的
umbrella organization an organization that includes many smaller groups傘狀機構、組織
超綱詞彙
a gap year (中學和大學之間)學業間斷的一年,間斷年
backpack v.背包旅行 例:go backpacking n.背包
blurb n. ① (印在書籍封套上的)簡介 *② 誇大的廣告或介紹詞
hangover n. 遺留的感覺(或風俗、習慣等)(常後跟介詞from) 例:the insecure feeling that was a hangover from her childhood 她兒時留下的不安全感
slob n. 懶惰而邋遢的人 *vi. slob out/around游手好閑,無所事事
toil n.辛苦,勞累;苦活,難事 例:some books are a toil to read.有些書讀起來真費勁。 v.苦幹,辛苦從事(於……) 例:toil at/on ones task辛苦工作
vicarious a. ① 代理的,代表的;代理人的 例:vicarious authority代理的職權 *② (想像別人的苦樂等而)產生同感或共鳴的 例:He got a vicarious thrill out of watching his son score the winning goal.他看到兒子射入致勝一球時,也同樣感到欣喜若狂。
語篇分析
本文題材涉及青少年教育。作者介紹了現在十分時興的“學業間斷年”現象,先分析它存在的問題,然後提出實現一個有意義的學業間斷年的方法。這是一篇現象解釋型文章,按照“提出現象—解釋現象—提出建議”的脈絡展開論述,可以分成三大部分。
第一段為第一部分,提出現象,引入話題。
以父母為切入點,間接提出一種現象:學業間斷年。一方面,由於學業間斷年存在著危機,家庭需要給予孩子各方面的支持。另一方面,父母從孩子身上感受到了一種新的生活方式(vicarious living),他們看到孩子們①變得更堅強(become tougher);②為大學生活作了更充分的准備(more prepared to benefit from university);③打算做除了獲得學歷之外的事情(do something other than a degree)。
第二、三段為第二部分,解釋現象,分析學業間斷年現象的現狀及存在的問題。
第二段:內容上分成了兩個部分。第一部分指出學業間斷年現在很流行,其表現是:組織團體和公司增多。其原因是:①威廉王子的宣傳效應;②經過十年的發展聲勢逐漸強大。第二部分從with this trend, however... 開始,指出學業間斷年的潛在問題之一:父母干預孩子的成長。其具體表現為:父母組織並資助間斷年期間的活動(start organizing and paying for the gaps)。其原因是:受公司宣傳的影響,以為這個階段對孩子未來的學業和就業都非常重要。
第三段:延續第二段後面部分的內容,引用專家(Richard Oliver)的.觀點,指出學業間斷年存在的第二大問題:缺乏周密的計劃(poor planning)。其表現是:健康問題、從未離開過家、期望與現實不符。解決方法:做好審慎的准備(thoughtful preparation)。
第四、五段為第三部分,提出建議,即讓年輕人自己來組織和安排學業間斷年。
第四段:首先提出要讓學業間斷年具有意義,就應該讓年輕人獨立地做自己喜歡做的事情(the school leaver gets to do the thing that he or she fancies)。接著從反面論證父母的安排不利於孩子真正成熟,該部分舉了兩個例子說明。最後再次重申,行動的安排者應該是學生自己。
第五段列舉了兩個例子,比較度過學業間斷年的兩種不同方式——由父母安排或者自己獨立安排,從而支持了第四段的觀點。
試題命制分析
針對上文的分析,我們可以命制以下幾種題型,從而考查考生的多種閱讀技能。
1. 事實細節題
(1) 針對第一段可以考查父母在學業間斷年的收獲,參見考試題16;也可以間接考查孩子們在學業間斷年的收獲,如:以下哪項是經歷學業間斷年的學生產生的變化?[A] 更成熟、更堅強;[B] 就業目的更明確;[C] 更輕松地完成大學學業;[D] 與父母之間關系更融洽。(答案:[A])
(2) 可以考查學業間斷年一般從事的活動,如,以下哪項不是學業間斷年做的事情?[A] 修建學校;[B] 遠途旅行;[C] 教學工作;[D] 慈善捐款。(答案:[D])
(3) 針對第二段“學業間斷年時興的原因”和“父母主動安排學業間斷年的原因”考查因果細節。另外,由於第二段涉及細節較多,也可以綜合考查,參見試題17。
(4) 綜合第二段和第三段,可以綜合考查學業間斷年出現的問題,參見試題19。
2. 推理引申題
(1) 根據第一段倒數第二句We all wish... ,可以考查推理家長們看待學業間斷年的態度。如:[A] 積極支持;[B] 堅決反對;[C] 不明確;[D] 既不支持也不反對。(答案:[A])
(2) 針對第二段有關威廉王子的例子,可以考查推理作者的寫作意圖。
(3) 針對最後一段的兩個例子,可以考查推理作者舉例的目的,也可以考查推理作者認為實現有意義的學業間斷年的方法。參見試題20。
3. 語言知識題。
(1) 考查第一段超綱詞vicarious在上下文中的含義。
(2) 考查第二段packages一詞的熟詞僻義。參見試題18。
試題精解
16.從第一段可推知經歷學業間斷年的學生的父母可能——。
[A] 幫助孩子准備迎接災難
[B] 從孩子那裡得到各種支持
[C] 在撫養孩子方面有豐富的經驗
[D] 經歷了看著孩子成長的過程
[精解] 答案D本題考查推理引申。第一段論述了經歷學業間斷年的孩子的父母的感受,包括兩個方面:一是由於這個時期的學生需要家庭從經濟上、情感上和體力上給予幫助,因此父母可能有幫助孩子成熟起來的美好經歷;二是父母間接的感受,即看著孩子們變得更堅強,自己做決定,從而成長。由此可知,[D]項是父母可能經歷的。[A]項中出現了原文中的disaster,但含義不同。第一段第二句中disasters指的是“困難,危機”,是下文提到的“孩子需要家庭給予幫助”造成的。[B]項與第一段第二句含義相反。第三句提到,父母有幫助孩子成熟起來的美好經歷,而非[C]項中的rich experience(經驗豐富)。
17.根據文章,下面哪個說法正確?
[A] 學業間斷年的普及是因為慈善機構數目的增長造成的。
[B] 威廉王子在他的學業間斷年期間努力工作。
[C] 現在學業間斷年不像十年前那樣普及了。
[D] 一個精心安排的學業間斷年是大學成功的保證。
[精解] 答案B本題考查事實細節。第二段首句提到,學業間斷年現在很時興,反映在提供它們的慈善團體和私人公司的數目呈巨額增長。[A]項錯在將表現歸為原因。第二句提到,威廉王子在智利吃苦的事情(對間斷年的流行)發揮了作用。由此可推出[B]項正確。第三句提到,(間斷年普及的)趨勢十年來一直在加強。因此排除[C]項。第二段後半部分談到“學業間斷年的時興”帶來的隱患,即一些父母相信公司的介紹,認為精心安排的間斷年對於孩子未來的求學、就業都很重要。因此[D]項是一些公司的宣傳及部分家長的錯誤看法。
18.第二段第三行的單詞packages的含義是——。
[A] 旅行中帶的包裹
[B] 一套綜合的活動
[C] 用特殊方式呈現出來的東西
[D] 慈善行動
[精解] 答案B本題考查詞義。詞義的確定依賴上下文。上文中gap一詞多次出現,指“學業間斷”,下文提到一系列活動,即背包旅行、和慈善團體一起工作、修建醫院和學校、做語言助教教英語。因此gap packages指學業間斷期間學生從事的多種活動。[D]項沒有包括所有的活動,應選[B]項。
19.什麼可能造成學業間斷年出現問題?
[A] 父母的干預。 [B] 公司的不負責任。
[C] 沒有保險。 [D] 期望過低。
[精解] 答案A第二段後半部分論述了隨著學業間斷年的普及而帶來的一個隱患,即父母以為好的間斷年可以決定孩子未來的的求學和就業,因此會主動安排孩子的間斷年,甚至出錢。顯然,這么做妨礙了孩子獨立的成長。[A]項是造成問題的原因。第三段提到另外一個問題是計劃不周,其表現有:健康問題(medical)、從未離開過家、期望與現實不符。[B]和[C]出現了原文中的詞語company和insurance,但其含義與原文已有很大出入;文中只提到“期望與現實不符”,[D]中“過低”一詞無從推知。
20.18歲的年輕人被認為度過了有意義的學業間斷年,當他/她——。
[A] 達到父母的期望
[B] 無所事事
[C] 通過花父母的錢學會技能
[D] 自己謀生並獲得工作經驗
[精解] 答案D本題考查推理引申。第四段首句提到,學業間斷年的意義在於它應該是離校生開始做自己喜歡做的事情的時候。第四段後面部分進一步進行闡述。由父母來決定孩子怎樣成熟,並不能使孩子真正成熟。無所事事的行為也沒有收獲。行動的安排者應是學生自己。第五段舉了兩個截然不同的例子,前者遵照父母的安排,後者自食其力。因此,[D]項符合題意。
全文翻譯
與度過了充滿刺激的學業間斷年的孩子的父母交談,他們的眼神中會有一種含糊不清的東西。這一年中有一些危機,即使是目的明確、很有條理的學生,在間斷年期間也需要家庭從經濟上、情感上和體力上給予幫助。父母眼中的含糊不僅僅是因為讓他們的孩子成熟起來的美好經歷,也是因為他們自己間接感受到的生活方式。我們多希望大學前的間斷年在我們那個時代就已經很時興了。現在,我們能看著孩子們變得更堅強,更好地准備從上大學中有所收獲或者積極地決定他們將做一些除了獲得學歷之外的事情。
學業間斷年現在很時興,這反映在提供它們的慈善團體和私人公司的數目呈巨額增長上。威廉王子在智利吃苦的照片發揮了作用,但這種趨勢十年來一直在加強。學業間斷年期間的一整套活動從背包旅行開始,包括和慈善團體一起工作,修建醫院和學校,以及常見的做語言助教教英語。然而,隨著這種趨勢而來的也有危險。一旦父母相信那些學業間斷年公司介紹的內容,認為精心安排的一個間斷年對於想成為本科生的孩子進入更好的大學、獲得高學歷、得到令人印象深刻的簡歷和待遇良好的工作是至關重要的,那麼他們就會開始組織並資助間斷年期間的活動。
按照學業間斷年公司綜合機構“走出學業間斷年團體”的負責人理查德•奧利弗埃的觀點,出現問題往往是因為計劃不周。他說,“這可能是公司或學生的責任,但是最保險的方法是作好審慎的准備。當人們把它搞砸時,往往是因為健康問題,尤其是女孩,因為她們從未離開過家,或者期望與現實不符”。
學業間斷年的意義在於它應該是離校生開始做自己喜歡做的事情的時候。如果由父母來決定孩子怎樣成熟,那麼他們不會真地變成熟。如果18歲時變成熟的方式是在倫敦漢普斯泰德石南園中無所事事地曬太陽,或者花上一年時間和康沃爾郡的漁夫一起工作,那麼對於後者來說將是有所收獲的。然而,多數人還是認為進行某種安排是有利的,而且行動的安排者應是學生自己。
如果18歲的年輕人兩周前得到父母的通知,被送去加拿大花5,800英鎊學習成為一名滑雪教練,回來後可能只會留下很少的感覺。同樣的18歲的年輕人,先通過工作賺錢,再用一年中剩下的時間在從紐西蘭到瑞士的多個避暑勝地執教,回來後申請大學,這樣的經歷則是完全不同的積極的做法。
;⑶ 高中英語閱讀參考論文範例
閱讀教學作為整個高中英語教學的重要組成部分,在英語教學中占據著重要的地位。一直以來,在高中英語教學中,無論從高中英語課程的設定、教材的選編、還是從高中教學中閱讀課所佔的課時比重等方面來看,閱讀教學都占據重要的位置。下文是我為大家蒐集整理的關於的內容,歡迎大家閱讀參考!
篇1淺析高中英語閱讀技巧
高中英語閱讀的要求與初中有較大差別:文章詞數增多,生詞量增大,組篇方式復雜,文章資訊量較大,文章內容比較成人化,並具有一定的文化意識要求。閱讀理解在高考中占據很大的比重,而且越來越注重能力的測試。因此,在高中英語學習中必須掌握最基本的三種閱讀理解技巧:猜測詞義、難句理解和語篇理解。
一、 猜測詞義
《英語課程標准》六級閱讀技能目標提出六級為高中最低目標:能利用上下文和句子結構猜測詞義。猜詞能力是英語閱讀最基本的能力之一。高考閱讀文章也允許出現2%-3%不注漢語的生詞。因此,從高一起閱讀文章中就鋪設了適當比例的生詞。碰到生詞切勿驚慌,因為它們不是孤立存在的,也不是高深莫測的。只要抓住一定的線索就可以猜出,並加以理解。猜詞有兩個步驟:尋找線索和確定意義。線索多種多樣,可依據構詞法、定義解釋、對比關系、因果關系和上下文暗示「順藤摸瓜」。
1. 構詞法
Shantzis believes his system could help recycled materials bee more costeffective.
初看起來,costeffective不得而知。細心觀察,它是由cost和effective合成,effective是effect加字尾派生而來。既然「成本有效」,就是「劃算的」。構詞法線索在猜詞中用得最多。2009年江蘇高考閱讀理解A篇中就有六個可以根據構詞法猜測詞義的生詞:emotionally有感情地,originally原來, conditioning規定,consequently結果, sociable好交際的,respond反應。
2. 定義解釋
Decision-thinking is not unlike poker...This card game has often been of considerable interest to people.
從解釋的內容不難看出,poker是一種多人玩的、有趣的卡片游戲。由此猜測為「撲克」。另外還可以從發音來驗證,「撲克」poker之音譯。定義、解釋形式多樣,有定語從句、同位語、並列句,甚至用破折號引出補充說明,等等。
3. 對比關系
Thousands of people got stuck in lifts. But no one was afraid. We passed the time by telling stories.
數千人困在電梯中,應該情況不妙。But轉折了人們的境況。其線索是對比轉折。如果猜測為「受傷」、「窒息」、「沮喪」還不妥貼。根據下文「講故事消磨時間」,應推斷為「驚恐」。
4. 因果關系
The biggest power failure happened yesterday. All of our ice cream and frozen foods melted.
後一句承接前一句。前一句的情況導致後一句的結果。線索是因果關系。既然停電,冰淇淋、冰凍食品化凍是必然結果。猜測為「融化」。
5. 上下文暗示
We had lots of candles on the table and the waiters were carrying candles on their trays.
從上文得知靜止的蠟燭放在餐桌上,侍者隨身帶著的蠟燭不會放在口袋裡,不會放在頭頂,而是放在端菜的「淺盤」中。
再看例項,猜出畫線生詞的含義,並說出線索依據:
1. Modern medicine began with the stethoscope, a medical tool used for listening to the movements of a person』s lungs and his heartbeats.
2. Though Tom』s face has been washed quite clean, his neck still remains grubby.
3. The river is so turbid that it is impossible to see the bottom even when it is shallow.
4. Most of fishes have slimy skins covered with scales, so it is difficult to get firm hold of them.
5. The passengers』 belongings on the train are stored in their holdalls, boxes, baskets and netbags.
1. 聽診器,定義解釋;2. 骯臟,對比關系;3. 渾濁,因果關系;4. 滑溜的,魚鱗,上下文暗示;5. 擁有物,行李包,網袋,構詞法。
二、 難句理解
文章中的難句,猶如攔路虎,讓你無法理解全篇,令人望而生畏。高考趨勢之一就是難句增多,型別多變,不但測試考生的閱讀技能,也測試考生的智力水平和心理素質。難句一般是長句、省略句和倒裝句。
長句是一些並列句、復合句,或者有多種形式的定語、狀語、插入語,或者伴有分隔、倒裝、省略,盤根錯節,令人眼花繚亂。其實,再長的句子,只要能抓住結構中的關鍵詞,問題就迎刃而解了。結構中的關鍵詞是指分句、意群的引導詞或起始詞。找到分句的引導詞,就能發現各個分句的主謂語,最後用化整為零的辦法,各個擊破。抓住意群的起始詞就能理清各個語法成分,以及它們之間的關系。請看例句:
Decision-thinking is not unlike poker―it often matters not only what you think, but also what others think you think and what you think they think you think.
此句含有29個單詞,語法結構復雜。從概貌上看, 破折號前是一個簡單句,破折號引出一個補充說明的句子。結構關鍵詞是not only...but also, what, what, and what。抓住引導詞後,再確定各個主謂語。由此分析得知,it是形式主語,真實主語是三個主語從句,三個主語從句由not only...but also和and 連線。在第二個主語從句中帶有賓語從句,第三個主語從句中,也帶有賓語從句,而且賓語從句又帶賓語從句,重重疊疊。全句可直譯為:作出決定的思維就像打撲克,不僅你所思考的問題常常是要緊的,而且其他人認為你所考慮的問題,和你思考其他人認為你所考慮的問題也常常是要緊的。
再看怎樣抓住結構關鍵詞,並將它們化整為零:
In particular, he showed that all games fall into two classes: there are what he called games of「perfect rmation」, games like chess where the players can』t hide anything or play tricks: they don』t win by chance, but by means of logic and skills.
這是一個44個單詞的鬆散長句。首先要找到分句和意群的關鍵詞:that, what, games, where, not...but,另外兩個冒號,一個逗號在句中也很重要,它們都表示補充說明或者同位關系。理清基本結構後,可以將長句分解為以下六句:
1. In particular, he showed that all games fall into two classes.
2. There are games which he called games of perfect rmation.
3. The games are like chess.
4. In the games the players can』t hide anything or play tricks.
5. They don』t win by chance.
6. They win by means of logic and skills.
長句就是由這些簡單的分句用結構連詞串連而成,一旦將它們一一拆開,就化難為易,一目瞭然。
難句的另一形式是省略句和倒裝句,而且這類難句在高考中出現得越來越多,越來越活。在理解省略句、倒裝句時使用「恢復原狀」法是非常有效的。請看江蘇高考任務型閱讀中的省略句:So, the munication begins with the self, as defined largely by others, and involves others, as defined largely by the self.
句中含兩個as省略句,如果分析省去了什麼,並將它們補全就不難理解。此句as後省去it is,全句意義為「按照別人所定義,交流開始於自身;按照自己所定義,交流也涉及別人」。再請看江蘇高考另一篇中的倒裝句:
Under this is bedrock through which water cannot percolate.
只要將主語和表語對調位置,即恢復原狀就很容易理解,意為「水不能滲透的岩層就在這一層下面」。
三、 語篇理解
語篇理解主要有兩層含義:文章的整體理解和文章的深層理解。整體理解即通過閱讀把握文章的結構脈絡,提取、分析主要資訊,歸納概括主旨大意。深層理解即獲得字里行間的隱含資訊,准確領會生詞和某些活用單詞的特定意義,推理判斷作者的言外之意。整體理解與深層理解是密不可分,相互依存的。要想很好地進行語篇理解,必須注意三點:
1. 第一遍快速閱讀時,就要有意識地找出文章的主題句和段落的主題句,從而了解文章全貌,理清層次關系,把握文脈主線。大多數主題句是段落的起始句和結束句。
2. 第一遍快速閱讀中碰到難詞、難句時,可以再讀一遍該句,抓住要領後再往下閱讀。盡量不在第一遍閱讀中留下「隱患」,也避免難句的理解偏差影響下文的閱讀。
3. 在做題時,有必要再次掃讀、搜尋相關資訊,並謹防被詞句的表面意義所迷惑。要剔除與上下文和主題思路相違背的一些表面意義,搜尋到深層的隱含資訊。
請閱讀以下例子,並完成有關題目:
Olaf Stapledon wrote a book called First and Last Men, in which he looked millions of years ahead. He told of different men and of strange civilizations文明, broken up by long「dark ages」in between. In his view, what is called the present time is no more than a moment in human history and we are just the First Men. In 2,000 million years from now there will be the Eighteenth or Last Men.
However, most of our ideas about the future are really very short-sighted. Perhaps we can see some possibilities for the next fifty years. But the next hundred?The next thousand?The next million?That』s much more difficult.
When men and women lived by hunting 50,000 years ago, how could they even begin to picture modern life?Yet to men of 50,000 years from now, we may seem as primitive原始的 in our ideas as the Stone-Age hunters do to us. Perhaps they will spend their days gollocking to make new spundels, or struggling with their ballalators through the cribe. These words, which I have just made up, have to stand for things and ideas that we simply can』t think of.
So why even bother to try imagining life far in the future?Here are two reasons. First, unless we remember how short our own lives are pared with the whole human history, we are likely to think our own interests are much more important than they really are. If we make the earth a poor place to live on because we are careless or greedy or quarrelsome, our grandchildren will not bother to think of excuses for us.
Second, by trying to escape from present interest and imagine life far in the future, we may arrive at quite fresh ideas that we can use ourselves. For example, if we imagine that in the future men may give up farming, we can think of trying it now. So set your imagination free when you think about the future.
第一遍快速閱讀後,我們已知此文體裁為論說文,共五小節。第一小節介紹概貌。二、三小節是一個層次,講現代人很難看得很遠。四、五小節為一個層次,講想像未來生活的原因。一至四小節的主題句都是第一句。第五小節有總結全文的作用,說明想像未來是為了珍惜現在,主題句是最後一句,此句也是全文的主題句。文章中雖然難句、難詞較多,但脈絡結構理清後,對捕捉細節和深層資訊很有幫助。
首先在主題思想和文脈主線的牽引下理解這些單詞、短語:
1. picture modern life 描繪現代生活
2. short-sighted 目光短淺的
3. Stone-Age 石器時代
4. bother 麻煩
5. excuses 借口
再看字里行間暗藏著什麼,尋求這種深層資訊至少要思考三點:
1. 文章主題
2. 作者主旨
3. 隱含細節
文章主題上文已經分析。作者主旨為:現代人必須極目遠望,想像未來,認識自己在宇宙長河中的時間價值,從而負起當前的應盡之責。至於隱含細節,必須先抓住表層資訊,由表及裡,抓住本質。例如:第一小節表面上是介紹一本書。其實,作者通過介紹這本書,提出自己的論點,展示了全文的話題,也初步表明思想觀點:「現代」僅是歷史長河中之一瞬,人類文明的方式因為「時間」的分隔而截然不同。把握這些隱含資訊對理解後面四個小節的詳論細述有很大幫助。
有些隱含資訊必須根據題目要求再次掃讀才能有針對性地搜尋出來。題目中的選項迷惑性往往很強,因此,要善於排除干擾,撥開迷霧。這時也要注意分析題目的設題型別和擬題手法。例如:
1. A particular mention made of Stapledon』s book in the opening paragraph _______.
A. serves as a description of human history
B. serves as an introction to the discussion
C. shows a disagreement of views
D. shows the popularity of the book
通過第一遍快速閱讀已經得知其段落大意,再進行掃讀,以加深對語篇意義的理解,找出正確答案。先看A,雖然這一小節提到「人類歷史」,但不是著重描述人類歷史。再看C,表面資訊有different men, strange civilizations, 但真實內容卻未說觀點分歧。選項D干擾性很強。雖然作者贊同Stapledon的觀點,並以此展開全文,但通篇都未提到此書是否深受人們歡迎。從語篇理解看,D僅是一個旁外的話題。再看B,表面資訊是開篇部分,應是「匯入」。隱含資訊須全篇理解,全文都是圍繞第一小節的話題展開的討論,表面資訊與隱含資訊一致。B為正確選項。
2. The text discusses men and women 50,000 years ago and 50,000 years from now in order to show that_______.
A. human history is extremely long
B. life has changed a great deal
C. it is a useless plan for the next 50 years
D. it is difficult to tell what will happen in the future
從表面詞句上看,似乎讀懂第三小節,就可以回答此題。其實不然,因為A、B、C三項本身都是成立的,而且迷惑性很強。再次掃讀二、三小節便受啟發,第三小節是第二小節意思的延伸,進一步闡述遠望未來的困難之處,論古說今,舉例印證,都說明之「難」。因此D才是正確答案。
3. Spundels and ballalators are used in the text to refer to_______.
A. tools used in farming B. ideas about modern life
C. unknown things in the future D. hunting skills in the Stone Age
從表面資訊看,虛構單詞指工具,先排除B和D。再次掃讀得知不是農具,排除A。C是一個比較保險的正確選項。它們是未來不可知的東西。
4. According to the writer of the text, imagining the future will_______.
A. serve the interests of the present and future generations
B. enable us to better understand human history
C. help us to improve farming
D. make life worth living
測試推理能力,推斷作者主旨。此題較好地運用了干擾選項和「答非所問」的擬題手法。B、C、D本身都是成立的,文中確實提到「人類歷史」、「認真耕作」和「生活意義」。作者主旨是由這些個體組合而成,其中心思想是由它們提煉、濃縮而來,即盡管展望未來困難重重,人們還是應該想像未來。既然「現代」僅是一瞬,何不在這段歷史時期盡心盡責,何不珍惜、愛護如今的世界呢?初定A為正確答案。但A項本身又有干擾資訊。最後一小節出現escape from present interest,似乎A不能選。其實文中這一部分是說明「想像未來的同時暫且不談目前的個人利益,這能提高思想境界」,寓意還是「想像未來」,並不是說「想像未來」與目前的利益無關。由此搜尋到文章的「畫外音」――想像未來既有利於現代,又造福於未來。A為正確選項。
語篇理解是較高層次的理解,也是如今高考試題的趨向和要求。
閱讀理解的技巧無論合理性程度有多高,只有在實踐中才能得到掌握和完善。運用所學的技巧多閱讀,多琢磨,必有提高。
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⑷ 2021考研英語閱讀細節題實例及考試技巧
【導讀】考研英語閱讀在總分佔比達到40分,是考研總分的將近二分之一,目前,已經進入了2021年考研英語沖刺階段,也就是復習的收尾階段,也是最為關鍵的階段,現階段需要大家回歸復習的本源,進行考前模擬練習,其中就包括考研英語閱讀細節題,需要大家把必要的解題技巧應用起來,今天給大家帶來的是2021考研英語閱讀細節題實例及考試技巧,一起來學習一下吧。
考研英語閱讀理解細節題:
Growth, which rarely continues beyond the age of 20, demands calories and
nutrients- notably, protein- to feed expanding tissues. At the start of the 20th
century, under -nutrition and childhood infections got in the way. At the start
of 20 th century, under-nutrition and childhood infections got in the way. But
as diet and health improved, children and adolescents have, on average ,
increased in height by about an inch and a half every 20 years, a pattern known
as the secular trend in height. Yet according to the Centers for Disease Control
and Prevention, average height-5』9』』 for men, 5』4』』 for women-hasn』t really
changed since 1960.
32. Which of the following plays a key role in body growth according to the
text?
A. Genetic modification
B. Natural environment
C. Living standards
D. Daily exercise
考研英語閱讀理解細節題解析:
1、題干關鍵詞准確定位:在細節題中挑選關鍵詞的時候先選名詞,同學們分析題目會發現出現的名詞有key
role和growth,回讀文章,發現有growth的原詞復現,而且growth所在句中有demand要求正好同義替換文章中的play a key
role,且根據growth定位到唯一的句子,因此該句話就是我們的定位句。
2、分析定位句:定位句是個長難句,看到長難句同學們要先劃分主幹,重點分析主幹部分,Growth demands calories and
nutrients to feed expanding tissues.核心詞是calories and
nutrients.相信這兩個詞彙大家都不陌生,「燃燒我的卡路里」中的卡路里對應到我們英文中就是calories,nutrients是營養,考綱詞彙也都背過,這就是定位句的核心。
3、對應選項。我們上一步分析了定位句的核心詞是calories and nutrients,那我們分析四個選項那個可以概括這兩個東西。A項,Genetic
modification先天改正,選項意思是先天改正對於我們的成長有著關鍵的作用,我們分析的卡路里和營養都是我們後天獲得的東西並不涉及到先天,因此A選項顯然是不對的。B項,Natural
environment自然環境,很顯然卡路里和營養都不是自然環境的一部分,也排除B項;C項Living
standards生活水平,卡路里和營養物質的攝入都能夠體現我們的生活水平,這個不難理解,隨著咱們國家經濟的發展,人們的生活水平得到了極大的提升,體現在我們的飲食方面那就是人們更加關注食品的卡路里,關注食品的營養價值,因此該選項是能夠涵蓋我們的關鍵詞的,該項正確;D項,日常鍛煉,我們一說到鍛煉,大概想到的就是做一些運動,比如慢跑瑜伽,因此並不能跟我們的卡路里、營養等扯上關系,因此該項也不正確。綜合分析,答案就是C項。
經過上述這道考研英語閱讀理解細節題的分析,相信同學們對細節題的解題有了一定的了解。我們再來總結一下,細節題的解題:第一步,要根據關鍵詞來在文章中快速的進行定位,找到我們要重點分析理解的定位句;第二步,對定位句進行分析,找到句子的核心詞彙,在這里要強調一下同學們的詞彙基礎,平常一定要重視詞彙的背誦和記憶,我們說詞彙是英語的根基,而我們的技巧是重要的輔助,同學們在學習技巧的同時,也要重視詞彙的記憶和背誦;第三步,分析選項,找到可以與定位句表達同樣意思的選項,正確答案就出來了。
以上就是2021考研英語閱讀細節題實例及考試技巧,希望大家在現階段做題的時候能夠重點關注,爭取拿到新題型應該拿到的分數,祝大家考試成功,一切順利!
⑸ 誰幫我找幾篇英語閱讀理解,要詳細解釋的!謝謝
Most people have had a dog or wanted one as their companion at some time in their lives. If you are thinking of buying a dog, however, you should first decide what sort of companion you need and whether the dog is likely to be happy in the surroundings you can provide. Specialists』 advice is useful to help you choose the most suitable kind of dog. But in part the decision depends on common sense. Different dogs were originally developed to perform specific tasks. So, if you want a dog to protect you or your house, for example, you should choose the one that has the right size and characteristics. You must also be ready to devote a great deal of time to training the dog when it is young and give it the exercise it needs throughout its life, unless you live in the countryside and can let it run freely. Dogs are demanding pets. Cats love the house and so are satisfactory with their place where there is secure, but a dog is loyal to its master and consequently wants him to show proof of his affection . The best time to buy a baby dog is when it is between 6 and 8 weeks old so that it can transfer its love for its mother to its master. If baby dogs have not established a relationship with the human being until they are over three months old, their strong relationship will always be with dogs. They are likely to be too shy when they are brought out into the world to become good pets.
Which of the following is Not true according to the passage?
A. You can always get help from the specialists.
B. It is common sense that is the most important when choosing a dog.
C. You should decide what kind of dog you want.
D. Size and characteristics of the dogs should be considered too. 選A always get help from the specialists 文章只說 選狗的時候專家可以幫上忙 並沒說總會從專家那得到幫助 這句話少了個定語
B however, you should first decide 這句話可以表明 B是對的
C還是說的選狗
D文章中的例子說明了這一點
⑹ 如何正確分析英語的閱讀理解
傳統英語教學中對於接受信息的方式問題有很多。其中最明顯的有以下兩個方面:
1、一些被動方式對於接受信息加入了明顯沒有必要的障礙;
2、有些方式沒有考慮到中英文在語言方面上的差異造成的。
而這兩方面反映到具體的閱讀英語能力上表現為很多學生讀到一個復雜一點的英語句子不能立刻反映出這句話的意思,即使這句話中的單詞都認識的情況下,也不能通過一遍閱讀出這句話的整體意思。其實,這都是對於被動式接受信息的能力沒有掌握造成的。
一、傳統閱讀方式的過程剖析
在學校里,很多老師傳授的閱讀句子的方法往往是通過分析英語句子的語法結構來幫助理解句子的意思。也就是說,當看到一個復雜的英語句子而不能理解句子意思時,首先要分析出句子的主要成分主語、謂語和賓語;以及其他相關的修飾成分修飾詞或是修飾從句。再根據主次意思,按照分析出的復雜結構,把每個分句的意思拼裝成整句話的意思去理解。比如以下這個例子:
例句1: The airline instry is cutting its lowest discount fares more widely, more substantially, and earlier this year than it normally does at the end of the summer, a time when travel usually decreases and the instry uses some lower fares to attract passengers.
按照我們剛才所說的過程,傳統的理解方式會通過以下兩個步驟:
1.分析這句話的語法結構。
The airline instry (主語)is cutting (謂語動詞)its lowest discount fares (賓語)more widely, more substantially, and earlier this year (比較級morethan結構)than (連詞than引導的一個並列句)it normally does at the end of the summer, a time when (when引導的時間狀語從句)travel usually decreases and the instry uses some lower fares to attract passengers.
2.在清楚了整個句子的語法結構後,對各個語法結構進行翻譯,最後再把意思整合到一起理解。
總的來說這是一個含有比較級morethan結構的復合句型。主句是航空行業正在砍掉了它的最低折扣費用。後面出現了對於形容謂語動詞的兩個副詞的比較級結構:更廣泛地,更充分地,更早地今年。再往後是連詞than引導的對比的內容比它通常在夏末的時候的。最後一部分句子出現了一個時間狀語從句一個時間當旅遊經常下降的時候和行業用一些更低的費用去吸引乘客。
二、傳統閱讀方式的問題診斷
傳統的閱讀方式由於要首先分析句子的語法結構,這使得不可能只讀一遍句子就能接受句子所傳達的意思。同時,由於在閱讀時很大的精力都用來關注句子的語法結構,使得通過語法分析出來的句子意思支離破碎,加大的理解的難度。其實,在閱讀英語句子的時候首先分析語法結構是多此一舉的行為。這種做法看起來是使句子的結構更加清楚,但實際上不但是沒有必要,而且還會對正常的理解過程造成障礙。相比之下,我們在閱讀中文句子的時候根本就沒有涉及到中文的語法,句子的意思接受起來也是自然而順暢。閱讀英文的方式應該是同樣的道理。
通過以上的分析,我們應該知道,正確的閱讀方式應該符合以下幾個標准:
1.一個句子只需要讀一遍。
2.真正的閱讀理解應該只跟句子的意思有關,跟語法結構是無關的。一切跟語法結構有關的閱讀思路一定是事後諸葛亮的分析,根本不是真正的閱讀。
3.句子中的單詞立刻可以反映出正確的意思,個別單詞不認識對於句子整體意思理解不受影響。
根據我們多年的教學經驗發現,很多學生由於長期採用句子結構分析地方法閱讀英語句子,一旦不通過語法結構的分析,就無從下手了。其實,做到以上幾點並非難事,只要對我們的閱讀方式稍加改動就可以做到了。
三、如何培養正確的閱讀方式
如果想擺脫語法的`障礙,只讀一遍就可以高質量地讀出英文句子的意思,我們需要通過下面的四個方面改變自己閱讀的思維方式。以下所介紹的都是根據學生在實際閱讀中遇到的困難所作出的可行的解決辦法。掌握了這些技巧,你會發現在不改變自身英語基礎的前提下,可以眨眼間提高閱讀的質量。它們對於實際的英文閱讀都有著事半功倍的神奇效果。
1.正確理解句子中的單詞
在英語閱讀過程中,中國學生首先逐個翻譯出句子中每個單詞的意思;然後把這些翻譯出的中文意思連接到一起組成了整句話的意思。這種閱讀習慣最大的問題在於沒有考慮到很多英語單詞都有多重含義,在不同的語境中含義肯定是不一樣的。而先入為主的翻譯單個單詞再組合在一起,難免對於整句話的意思理解造成破壞作用。而真正的被動式接受信息應該是句子告訴我們什麼意思,我們就理解成什麼意思,而不是首先自己翻譯逐個單詞後再去拼湊。因此,正確的單詞理解應該是通過句子語境的理解來判斷單詞的意思,由整體到局部的過程。
根據上述的思路,我們再來看例句一該如何翻譯呢?如果把前半句中的is cutting翻譯成正在砍掉。這樣一來前半句就只能翻譯成航空業更廣泛更徹底地砍掉了它的打折機票,意思成了沒有打折,價格增加了。這明顯和後面的旅遊減少,業內用一些低價機票吸引乘客相互矛盾了。本來就客人減少,機票怎麼還能漲價呢?因此is cutting its lowest discount fares不能翻譯成切斷了它的最低折扣費用,而應該翻譯成再次降低了它的最低票價的價格。這樣一來前半句意思和後面的吸引旅客從邏輯上才一致的。同時在這句話里, the instry被翻譯成航空公司,fare被翻譯成票價也都和我們背誦的詞彙表中的意思有些出入,這些都是為了理解句子整體意思的需要。
因此,例句一的中文解釋應該翻譯成:
航空業正在更廣泛,更徹底地降低最低折扣的票價,今年比正常在夏末更早,這時候,遊客數量下降,航空公司用一些便宜機票去吸引遊客。
2.學會如何斷句是擺脫語法分析的有效方式
對於那些英語中結構復雜的長句子,一次接受所有的內容確實有困難。英文和中文在表達意思的習慣上有很大的區別。英語的特點是在一句話中所包涵的內容很多,所以顯得句子結構很復雜。相比之下,中文的語法結構簡單,相應一句話中表達的意思也就少了。很多英文一句話的內容翻譯成中文需要兩三句才行表述清楚。因此,對於習慣了句式結構簡單的中文的我們一見到英文的長句子肯定會感覺到不適應。很多人讀到句子一半時就被復雜的從句搞暈了或者是讀到句子後面的內容時,剛才前面讀到的內容已經忘記了。句子太長往往是很多人不能一遍理解英文長句子的首要困難。
了解了中英文的特點後,我們可以採取把英語句子按照中文的接受習慣斷裂成幾個中文句子來接受信息。這種方式是對於結構復雜的英語句子的一個很好的解決方式。我們用以下的句子來具體解釋一下斷句的過程:
例句2:Do you remember all those years when scientists argued that smoking would kill us but the doubters insisted that we didnt know for sure?
以上這句話一口氣讀完難免會影響句子意思的理解。其實這句話完全可以在下面畫線處斷句停頓:
Do you remember all those years/ when scientists argued that smoking would kill us/ but the doubters insisted that we didnt know for sure?
這句英文被翻譯成三個中文句子:
a)你還記得在那些年嗎?
b)科學家們認為吸煙將會幹掉我們。
c)但是懷疑者認為我們並不確信。
這樣一來,一個英文長句子就可以通過找到斷點斷成較短的中文句子。理解起來就容易了很多。但同時又有一個問題出現了,在第一遍讀句子時,如何判斷句子的斷點在哪裡呢?當我們讀中文的時候,其實只要是感覺到一句話或者是一個意思說完整了,我們就會在下一個意思開始之前斷句。這種感覺的根據還是語意的完整性。這種判別的方法當然也適用於英語句子。雖然每個人的英語能力不同,但是只要是當你讀英語句子時感覺到一個意思說完整了,就可以在這里斷句。
3.學會在英語中加詞
由於英文句子的簡潔性,當把中文幾句話翻譯成一句英語時,可以省略重復的部分而變成所謂的復合句,從句或是短語的方式。這時,很多重復的詞在合成一句話時就可以省略不寫。相反,當我們把一句英文斷成幾句中文句子的時候,簡潔所省略的內容在斷句後顯現出句子翻譯的不完整,這時就需要根據中文理解的習慣進行加詞,使句子意思更為完整。
例句3:However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.
一) 斷句
a)但是,是否感受到公平,這個計劃是獨立在capuchins或是人類之中。
b)或是否它來自於共同的祖先。
c)物種生活在35,000,000年前的。
d)而是一個沒有答案的問題。
(二)斷句+加詞
a)但是,是否感受到公平,這個計劃是獨立在capuchins或是人類之中。
b)或是否它來自於共同的祖先。
c)(而這個祖先是)物種生活在35,000,000年前的。
d)而(以上的這些疑問)是一個沒有答案的問題。
我們看到,加題的目的是在不改變句子本身所表達的意思的前提下,恢復從句中省略掉的部分使句子的意思更為完整,更為合理。加詞的目的僅是能讓我們連貫句子的語義,使意思理解得更為合理。因此,在加詞的過程中可以大膽地加入一些原文沒有寫出的含義。一些比如是不是,有沒有,能不能這樣的在中文中根本沒有實質性意思的詞語可以隨意地加入到句子中,而不會改變原句的意思。
4.對於英語語序的理解
作為一門語言,英語的表述習慣非常一致。所有的英文句子主要的結構都是兩部分:首先提出一個具體的事物(這個句子談論的是什麼?);然後圍繞這個事物展開一個論述(所談論的事情/所說的東西怎麼樣了)。只有把這兩部分內容說清楚,這句話才算是完整。語言的表述特點和上幾節中我們談到的語義完整性的原則是一致的。也就是說,只有一句話符合什麼東西(人)/什麼事情+怎麼樣的結構模式,句意才是完整的,這時才可以結束這句話進行斷句。如果一個較長的句子中出現多個事物,那麼在同一句話內也必須一一出現對其相應的描述。
在讀英語句子時,只有感覺到句子中前面所說的什麼東西/什麼人後面出現說這個東西/這個人怎麼樣的時候,這時一個語意才算是說得完整,就可以在後面斷句。而在讀句子時,如果什麼東西/什麼人後面還沒有出現相應的怎麼樣的描述時,這時我們要意識到前面的句子內容還不可以結束,必須等到後面出現了相應的描述後才可以設置斷點。比如下面這個句子:
例句4:What is harder to establish is whether the proctivity revolution that businessmen assume they are presiding over is for real.
What is harder to establish is whether the proctivity revolution that businessmen assume they are presiding over is for real.
句子黑體字部分可以翻譯成是否這次生產力的革命,但是根據英語的語序習慣,怎麼樣了的描述內容還沒有出現,而that後面另一個語義的主語又出現了。這時,我們應該提醒自己前面語義還沒有完整。帶著沒有完整的這段意思,先理解後面的內容。而當businessmen assume they are presiding over這句完整的意思表述完整後,後面又出現了動詞is應該立刻反映到that前面的內容還沒有下文。因此,is for real的內容要跟前面的這段內容相呼應,這句話的意思才是完整的。到此,整句話的意思就隨著閱讀結束而顯現出來了。
例句中的這句話被正確理解為:
1.(有沒有這種說法這一點)是很難確定的。
2.這場生產力的革命是否是真實存在的呢?
3.商人們認為他們領導過(這場革命)。
語序的運用可以有效地提醒我們句子的整體性,特別是在那些主語和其的敘述內容在一句話中間隔很遠的時候,一遍就讀出句子的前後邏輯關系。語序的掌握從根本上解決了對於句子結構分析的依賴,使我們可以做到在第一遍就輕松理解句子中的各層意思,而且絕對不會彼此混淆。
⑺ 怎樣把握初中英語閱讀理解中的三個層次
一、表層理解是感知文章的初步
1.引申課文內容
表層理解是的閱讀,對文章形成初步的印象,篩選文章的信息和所要表達的主旨,理清文章的結構和安排。但僅僅是要求學生掌握文章字面意思,機械地文中內容,使課文內容再現。還下列理由讓學生深思小學英語教學論文後回答:①About how many babies are born in one minute? ②What may be the greatest problem of the world today? ③How is the population growing? ④When was the population over 500 million? ⑤What will happen in about 600 years?
2.的背景
為了使學生更快的理解文章意思,就學生掌握與文章的背景知識。美國心理學家奧蘇貝爾論述,個體在閱讀時,大腦中已貯存的信息與文章有關的知識,它有助於對文章的理解。當文章出現在學生面前時,個體的語言知識,還要有的背景知識和社會生活經驗,才能正確的理解文章的含義。:Standing Room Only是有關人口的理由,教學中由理由情境導入課文,讓學生的背景知識,以而為理解作鋪墊。Questions: ①What's the population of China? ②What's the population of the world? ③Have you ever heard of 「population problem」?
二、深層理解是高層次的理解
1.理由
深層理解是在表層理解的上,淺析作者的意圖和目的,深層理解的理由能讓學生產生創造性思維。學生能文章所傳遞的信息,的背景知識理解文章中明確表述的信息,「含不盡之意見於言外」。它是合乎邏輯的,是超越讀物傳遞的信息而的理性思維活動。在學生對文章初步理解的上,的理由:①What does 「standing room only」 mean?②By what year will the world's population reach 6 billion? ③How does the author show the seriousness of the problem?
2.尋找信息
在強調提問引導學生深思小學英語教學論文的,還學生在文中找到的於解決理由的信息,像語篇標志、主旨性的句子等。在上述的例子中,作者運用了大量詳盡的數字來人口的增加,還引用「A UN report says」來加強文章的可信度,以達到警示人口增加的性理由,給人感覺到解決人口理由是迫在眉睫的理由。
三、評價性理解能培養學生的創造力
1.設計評價理由
評價性理解在閱讀文章後,表達的,作出的評價。閱讀的目的是的信息,以此來淺析和解決理由,提高英語交際能力。在上述這篇文章中,評價性理由可設計為:①What is your opinion towards the population problem? ②What do you think we should do to solve the problem? ③Give a speech on population explosion.。要深思小學英語教學論文理由的實質:人口急劇膨脹會產生樣的後果?給人類的生活構成怎樣的威脅?用手段來解決?
2.知識補充
要讓學生順利評價課文的內容,:①給學生補充詞彙,如,population explosion, food supply, lack of resources, global problem, family planning等;②讓學生交流探究,討論使學生積極的深思小學英語教學論文,也給學生發言的機會,促使集思廣益,教師在設計這一層次的理由時,應挖掘文章的思想內涵,考慮語言形式與內容,在外語教學中融進思想內涵。
總之,初中學生初步的閱讀能力,初中英語教學大綱把培養學生的閱讀能力是完全正確的。學生了的閱讀能力,也就了的自學能力,為今後的學習打下了良好的。所以,提高的閱讀能力是的教學任務。教師培養學生的語言運用能力,培養學生的聽說能力,培養學生的口語交際能力和書面表達能力,以而提高學生的英語文化素養。
⑻ 中考英語閱讀理解的題材
中考英語閱讀理解:窮人的孩子早當家
Mr Brown was born in a poor family.He couldn』t go to school when he was young.Now he』s a porter[1] and works at a station.He doesn』t think it』s necessary[2] to know some knowledge[3] of science.His son,Bill,began to go to school last year.The boy likes nothing except playing.He doesn』t listen to the teachers in class and can』t do his homework after class.It』s the hardest thing for him to do maths exercises.And he wants to drop it.
Last evening Mrs Brown heard Bill crying in the next room while she and her husband were watching TV.She came up to him and asked,「What』s the matter,Bill?」
「I can』t do my maths homework,」said the boy.「I won』t go to school tomorrow!
「No,no,don』t do that!」said the woman.「Maybe your father can help you.」
Then she asked her husband to help their son with his maths.Mr Brown said,「But I don』t know maths,either.」
「It doesn』t matter,」said his wife.「You』ll only coax him out of crying.」
Mr Brown had to do as his wife said.The next afternoon Bill came back and showed his exercise?book to his father.The man had a look at it and shouted to his wife,「Come here quickly,dear!I got an A in maths!」
Notes:[1]porter /`pt/n.搬運工 [2]necessary/`nesIsrI/adj.必要的 [3]knowledge/`nlId/n.知識
根據短文內容,選擇正確答案。
1.Which of the following is true?
A.Mr Brown was going to be a porter when he was young.
B.Mr Brown』s parents were too poor to send him to school.
C.Mr Brown wasn』t interested in science when he was young.
D.There was no school in Mr Brown』s hometown.
2.Bill can』t do his homework because .
A.his father wouldn』t help him
B.he doesn』t listen to his teachers
C.he doesn』t like studying D.he wants to drop maths
3.Bill cried to .
A.get his parents』 help B.go to bed earlier
C.get something to eat D.watch TV with his parents
4.The phrase 「coax sb. out of crying」 in the story means .
A.制止某人哭泣 B.惹得某人哭泣
C.阻止某人叫喊 D.哄某人停止哭泣
5. is good at maths in their family.
A.Bill B.Mr Brown C.Mrs Brown D.None
6.When he had a look at Bill』s exercise-book,Mr Brown was .
A.sorry B.happy C.worried D.sad
答案見下頁
1.B
2.C
3.A
4.D
5.D
6.B
初一英語天天練:閱讀理解--煩人的蚊子
We know the mosquito very well. Mosquitoes fly everywhere. They can be found almost all over the world, and there are more than 2,500 kinds of them.
No one likes the mosquito. But the mosquito may decide that she loves you. She? Yes, she. It』s true that male mosquito doesn』t bite(咬) and only the female mosquito bites because she needs blood to lay eggs. She is always looking for things or people she wants to bite. If she likes what she finds, she bites. But if she doesn』t like your blood, she will turn to someone else for more delicious blood. Next time a mosquito bites you, just remember you are chosen. You』re different from the others!
If the mosquito likes you, she lands on your body without letting you know. She bites you so quickly and quietly that you may not feel anything different. After she bites, you will have an itch(癢) on your body because she puts something from her mouth together with your blood. By the time the itching begins, and she has flown away.
And then what happens? Well, after her delicious dinner, the mosquito feels tired. She just wants to find a place to have a good rest. There, on a leaf or a wall, she begins to lay eggs, hundreds of eggs.
1. 「Mosquito」 means _______ in Chinese.
A. 蒼蠅 B. 蜻蜓
C. 跳蚤 D. 蚊子
2. We know mosquitoes very well because ___________.
A. they can be found easily B. they fly here and there
C. there are many kinds of them D. they can fly
3. If the mosquito doesn』t bite you, it will ________.
A. get angry with you B. be afraid of you
C. make a lot of noise D. choose another one
4. The mosquito bites you _________.
A. when you』re asleep B. because you have choose it
C. too quickly to let you know D. but doesn』t like you
5. Which of the following sentences is wrong?
A. The itching begins after the mosquito bites you.
B. You feel terrible when the mosquito bites you.
C. Mosquitoes use blood to lay eggs.
D. All the mosquitoes don』t like to bite people for blood.
答案及解析:
1. D。 「吸血」和「會飛」是mosquitoes的兩個主要特徵。根據這兩個特點,聯系生活常識,即可選定答案。另外,讀罷全文之後,也能將其餘選項予以排除。
2. B。 「We know the mosquito very well. Mosquitoes fly everywhere.」一句是答案的出處。
3. D。 答案就在「But if she doesn』t like your blood, she will turn to someone else for more delicious blood.」這句話之中。
4. C。 答案的依據是「…she lands on your body without letting you know. She bites you so quickly and quietly that you may not feel anything different.」一句。
5. B。 其餘三項在文中都有明確的說明。根據上面那個小題的內容,B項明顯是錯誤的。
高考英語閱讀理解真題解析·最初的和最後的人類
導語:2014高考臨近,我為考生們整理了高考英語閱讀理解真題解析 , 希望對大家有所幫助。
Olaf Stapledon wrote a book called First and Last Men, in which he looked millions of years ahead. He told of different men and of strange civilizations(文明), broken up by long 「dark ages」 in between. In his view, what is called the present time is no more than a moment in human history and we are just the First Men. In 2,000 million years from now there will be the Eighteenth or Last Men.
However, most of our ideas about the future are really very short-sighted. Perhaps we can see some possibilities for the next fifty years. But the next hundred? The next thousand? The next million? That』s much more difficult.
When men and women lived by hunting 50,000 years ago, how could they even begin to picture modern life? Yet to men of 50,000 years from now, we may seem as primitive(原始的) in our ideas as the Stone-Age hunters do to us. Perhaps they will spend their days gollocking to make new spundels, or struggling with their ballalators through the cribe. These words, which I have just made up, have to stand for things and ideas that we simply can』t think of.
So why bother even to try imagining life far in the future? Here are two reasons. First, unless we remember how short our own lives are compared with the whole human history, we are likely to think our own interests are much more important than they really are. If we make the earth a poor place to live because we are careless or greedy(貪婪) or quarrelsome, our grandchildren will not bother to think of excuses for us.
Second, by trying to escape from present interests and imagine life far in the future, we may arrive at quite fresh ideas that we can use ourselves. For example, if we imagine that in the future men may give up farming, we can think of trying it now. So set you imagination free when you think about the future.
1. A particular mention made of Stapledon』s book in the opening paragraph ________.
A. serves as a description of human history
B. serves an introction to the discussion
C. shows a disagreement of views
D. shows the popularity of the book
2. The text discusses men and women 50,000 years ago and 50,000 years from now in order to show that ________.
A. human history is extremely long
B. life has changed a great deal
C. it is useless to plan for the next 50 years
D. it is difficult to tell what will happen in the future
3. Spundels and ballalators are used in the text to refer to ________.
A. tools used in farming
B. ideas about modern life
C. unknown things in the future
D. hunting skills in the Stone Age
4. according to the writer of the text, imagining the future will ________.
A. serve the interests of the present and future generations
B. enable us to better understand human history
C. help us to improve farming
D. make life worth living(www.nmet168.com)
【答案與解析】 這是一篇由 Olaf Stapledon 所著的《最初的和最後的人類》而引出的關於幻想未來的文章。
1. B。 用排除法解答:先排除 A,因為這篇短文並非是對人類歷史進行描述;再排除C,因為作者在此文章中並非表明對不同觀點的否定;最後排除 D,因為作者並非要說明這本書的普遍意義。至於 B 項內容,正好符合這本書引導人們討論的意圖,故應選 B。
2. D。 文中提及五萬年前,處於狩獵時代的人們不可能勾勒出現代生活的畫卷;也許我們將來會被認為是我們所認為的原始人,正如石器時代的狩獵者和我們相比一樣,可知要預測較為遙遠的未來是一件困難的事情。
3. C。 從上下文可知,這四個詞彙是作者杜撰的,用以形象地表示五萬年後未知的事物和行為。
4. A。 文中提及現在即開始對未來展開想像,是基於兩點理由:人生是有限的;我們可能得到一些對我們自己切實可行的新見解。文中還提及如果我們因粗心大意和貪得無厭而把地球弄得一塌糊塗而不能居住,我們的子孫們就不難找到遷怒於我們的理由,故應選A。
中考英語閱讀理解及答案:窮人的'孩子早當家
導讀: 英語水平的提高需要靠一點一滴的積累和長期的訓練和應用。對於即將面臨中考的考生們來說,每天做一些英語閱讀題目是很有必要的。初中頻道每日一練將持續更新,敬請關注!
Mr Brown was born in a poor family.He couldn』t go to school when he was young.Now he』s a porter[1] and works at a station.He doesn』t think it』s necessary[2] to know some knowledge[3] of science.His son,Bill,began to go to school last year.The boy likes nothing except playing.He doesn』t listen to the teachers in class and can』t do his homework after class.It』s the hardest thing for him to do maths exercises.And he wants to drop it.
Last evening Mrs Brown heard Bill crying in the next room while she and her husband were watching TV.She came up to him and asked,「What』s the matter,Bill?」
「I can』t do my maths homework,」said the boy.「I won』t go to school tomorrow!
「No,no,don』t do that!」said the woman.「Maybe your father can help you.」
Then she asked her husband to help their son with his maths.Mr Brown said,「But I don』t know maths,either.」
「It doesn』t matter,」said his wife.「You』ll only coax him out of crying.」
Mr Brown had to do as his wife said.The next afternoon Bill came back and showed his exercise?book to his father.The man had a look at it and shouted to his wife,「Come here quickly,dear!I got an A in maths!」
Notes:[1]porter /`pt/n.搬運工 [2]necessary/`nesIsrI/adj.必要的 [3]knowledge/`nlId/n.知識
根據短文內容,選擇正確答案。
1.Which of the following is true?
A.Mr Brown was going to be a porter when he was young.
B.Mr Brown』s parents were too poor to send him to school.
C.Mr Brown wasn』t interested in science when he was young.
D.There was no school in Mr Brown』s hometown.
2.Bill can』t do his homework because .
A.his father wouldn』t help him
B.he doesn』t listen to his teachers
C.he doesn』t like studying D.he wants to drop maths
3.Bill cried to .
A.get his parents』 help B.go to bed earlier
C.get something to eat D.watch TV with his parents
4.The phrase 「coax sb. out of crying」 in the story means .
A.制止某人哭泣 B.惹得某人哭泣
C.阻止某人叫喊 D.哄某人停止哭泣
5. is good at maths in their family.
A.Bill B.Mr Brown C.Mrs Brown D.None
6.When he had a look at Bill』s exercise-book,Mr Brown was .
A.sorry B.happy C.worried D.sad
答案解析在下一頁:
1.B
2.C
3.A
4.D
5.D
6.B
中考英語閱讀理解及答案:助人為樂
導讀: 英語水平的提高需要靠一點一滴的積累和長期的訓練和應用。對於即將面臨中考的考生們來說,每天做一些英語閱讀題目是很有必要的。初中頻道每日一練將持續更新,敬請關注!
The clock struck(敲)eight,but I was still on the bed.I could hear it was blowing strongly.「It must be windy outside,」 I thought.
I came to the small town a week ago. I sold some clothes to a shop.Christmas was coming and I hoped to buy some presents for my family and friends.So I tried to meet the manager and ask him to pay for(付款)them.I was out of luck(運氣不好).He went to London and I had to wait for him here.There was no theatre here but a cinema.The films were all too old.I preferred staying in the small hotel to sitting in the cold cinema(我寧願待在小旅館里,也不願坐在冰冷的電影院里).
Half an hour later,I felt hungry.I had to get up.It was white everywhere and some children were skiing down the hill.On my way to the small restaurant,I saw a boy fall on to a rock(岩石).I ran to him quickly and carried him to a hospital.Soon his parents came here.Now I knew the boy was just the manager's son.He thanked me very much and gave me the money after we had a dinner.
1)What was the weather like today?
______________________________
2)What did the writer(作者)come to the town for?
______________________________
3)Why did the writer prefer staying in the hotel?
______________________________
4)When did the writer get up?
______________________________
5)Why did the manager thank the writer?
______________________________
1)It was a windy day today.
2)He came to the town to ask the manager to pay for the clothes.
3)Because it was a little warmer there.
4)He got up at half past eight.
5)Because the writer saved his son.
初中英語閱讀知識點:閱讀理解的解題技巧
閱讀理解主要考查學生一下幾個方面的閱讀理解能力:
1、理解和把握文章主旨大意、段落大意和中心思想的能力。
2、理解和把握文章具體信息來獲取有關信息能力,及根據上下文提供的語境推測生詞詞義、句意,進而加深對文章的理解能力。
3、根據文章進行簡單的數字推算和計算的能力。
4、既要理解詞、短語、句子和文章的表層意思,更要理解其深層含義和抽象概念的能力。
5、理解全篇的邏輯關系,根據已知信息進行合理的推理判斷和預測新信息的能力。
解題技巧:
1、順序法:先讀懂文章,然後按順序答題。此方法適合內容較易於理解和記憶飛文章。
2、顛倒法:先讀試題再讀文章,這樣我們可以帶著問題有的放矢的閱讀文章並迅速發現答案。
3、交叉法:先閱讀一篇文章,把握中心大意後開始答題,對暫時確定不了的答案,可再次回讀文章的有關內容並對其進行分析、推敲後再確定。
4、排除法:對拿不準的答案,可先逐項排除自己有把握的錯誤選項,再將剩下的答案進行比較、篩選,直到確定最佳答案。
5、要尊重原材料中的信息、觀點,並在此基礎上答題;不要憑想當然、主觀臆斷答題,不要鑽牛角尖。
6、在做任務型閱讀回答問題時,要盡量簡略回答,無關信息盡量刪除。特殊疑問句的回答基本是直接信息,在原文中能直接找到答案。
⑼ 英語閱讀理解問這條閱讀理解主要講述了什麼故事揭示了什麼道理
文章首段介紹人抄失敗的兩個原因:目標不重要和沒投入足夠的精力,後面分別講述了1:失敗者和放棄者不同的待遇從而引出「當你盡最大努力時你才能快樂」,2:家長和老師的苦口婆心卻換回你的失敗引出你仍然失敗的原因「隨自己的性子做事,怎麼另你高興怎麼做」,3:最後則說明即使努力也有可能失敗,但不要放棄,比如參加一些考試或者面試,自己時刻都要盡最大努力把自己最好的展現出來給眾人。
本文可以理解從兩個失敗點引出結論:人不要輕易放棄,做任何事都要盡自己最大的努力。