蘇門答臘人英語怎麼說及英文翻譯

A. 英語介紹蘇門答臘犀牛

Conservation
Sumatran Rhinoceroses were once quite numerous throughout Southeast Asia. Now only an estimated 300 indivials remain. Though not as rare as the Javan Rhinoceros, the Sumatran Rhinoceros faces greater poaching and habitat pressures and its populations are fragmented and small, whereas a substantial population of Javan Rhinoceros live together on the Ujung Kulon peninsula in Java. While the number of Javan Rhinos in Ujung Kulon has remained relatively stable, Sumatran Rhino populations are believed to be on the decline. It is classed as critically endangered primarily e to illegal poaching and destruction of its rainforest habitat. Most remaining habitat is in inaccessible mountainous areas of Indonesia.[39][40]

Poaching of Sumatran Rhinoceros, though less of a problem than with African Rhinoceros (least in terms of number of animals killed), is cause for concern because dealers are likely speculating that if the species becomes extinct then the price of its horn, estimated as high as $30,000 per kilogram,[7] could dramatically increase. The Sumatran Rhinoceros was never intensively hunted by European hunters. The rhinos are difficult to observe and hunt directly (one field researcher spent seven weeks in a treehide near a salt lick without ever observing a rhino directly), so poachers make use of spear traps and pit traps. In the 1970s, uses of the rhinoceros's body parts among the local people of Sumatra were documented, such as the use of rhino horns in amulets and a folk-belief that the horns offer some protection against poison. Dried rhinoceros meat was used as medicine for diarrhea, leprosy and tuberculosis. "Rhino-oil," a concoction made from leaving a rhino's skull in coconut oil for several weeks, may be used to treat skin diseases. The extent of use and belief in these practices is not known.[24][25][30] It was once believed that rhinoceros horn was widely used as an aphrodisiac; in fact traditional Chinese medicine never used it for this purpose.[7]

The rain forests of Indonesia and Malaysia, which the Sumatran Rhino inhabits, are also targets for legal and illegal logging because of the desirability of their hardwoods. Rare woods like merbau, meranti and semaram are valuable on the international markets, fetching as much as $1,800 per m3 ($1,375 per cu yd). Enforcement of illegal-logging laws is difficult because humans live within or nearby many of the same forests as the rhino. The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake has been used to justify new logging. Although the hardwoods in the rain forests of the Sumatran Rhino are destined for international markets and not widely used in domestic construction, the number of logging permits for these woods has increased dramatically because of the tsunami.[26]

[edit] In captivity
Though rare, Sumatran Rhinoceroses have been occasionally exhibited in zoos for nearly a century and a half. The London Zoo acquired two Sumatran Rhinoceros in 1872. One of these, a female named Begum, was captured in Chittagong in 1868 and survived at the London Zoo until 1900, the record lifetime in captivity for Sumatran Rhinos. At the time of their acquisition, Philip Sclater, the secretary of the Zoological Society of London claimed that the first Sumatran Rhinoceros in zoos had been in the collection of the Zoological Garden of Hamburg since 1868. Before the extinction of the subspecies Dicerorhinus sumatrensis lasiotis, at least seven specimens were held in zoos and circuses.[24] Sumatran Rhinos, however, did not thrive outside their native habitats. A rhino in the Calcutta Zoo successfully gave birth in 1889, but for the entire 20th century not one Sumatran Rhino was born in a zoo. In 1972, the only Sumatran Rhino remaining in captivity died at the Copenhagen Zoo.[24]

Despite the species' persistent lack of reproctive success, in the early 1980s some conservation organizations began a captive breeding program for the Sumatran Rhinoceros. Between 1984 and 1996 this ex situ conservation program transported 40 Sumatran Rhinos from their native habitat to zoos and reserves across the world. While hopes were initially high, and much research was concted on the captive specimens, by the late 1990s not a single rhino had been born in the program and most of its proponents agreed the program had been a failure. In 1997, the IUCN's Asian Rhino specialist group, which once endorsed the program, declared that it had failed "even maintaining the species within acceptable limits of mortality," noting that, in addition to the lack of births, 20 of the captured rhinos had died.[7][25] In 2004, a surra outbreak at the Sumatran Rhinoceros Conservation Centre killed all the captive rhinos in peninsular Malaysia, recing the population of captive rhinos to eight.[29][40]

Seven of these captive rhinos were sent to the United States (the other was kept in Southeast Asia), but by 1997, their numbers had dwindled to three: a female in the Los Angeles Zoo, a male in the Cincinnati Zoo, and a female in the Bronx Zoo. In a final effort, the three rhinos were united in Cincinnati. After years of failed attempts, the female from Los Angeles, Emi, became pregnant for the sixth time, with the zoo's male Ipuh. All five of her previous pregnancies ended in failure. But researchers at the zoo had learned from previous failures, and, with the aid of special hormone treatments, Emi gave birth to a healthy male calf named Andalas (an Indonesian literary word for "Sumatra") in September 2001.[41] Andalas's birth was the first successful captive birth of a Sumatran Rhino in 112 years. A female calf, named Suci (Indonesian for "pure"), followed on July 30, 2004.[42] On April 29, 2007, Emi gave birth a third time, to her second male calf, named Harapan (Indonesian for "hope") or Harry.[38][43] In 2007, Andalas, who had been living at the Los Angeles Zoo, was returned to Sumatra to take part in breeding programs with healthy females.[36][44]

Despite the recent successes in Cincinnati, the captive breeding program has remained controversial. Proponents argue that zoos have aided the conservation effort by studying the reproctive habits, raising public awareness and ecation about the rhinos, and helping raise financial resources for conservation efforts in Sumatra. Opponents of the captive breeding program argue that losses are too great; the program too expensive; removing rhinos from their habitat, even temporarily, alters their ecological role; and captive populations cannot match the rate of recovery seen in well-protected native habitats.[7][36]

[edit] Cultural depictions

A 1927 drawing of a Sumatran RhinocerosAside from those few indivials kept in zoos and pictured in books, the Sumatran Rhinoceros has remained little known, overshadowed by the more common Indian, Black and White rhinos. Recently, however, video footage of the Sumatran Rhinoceros in its native habitat and in breeding centers has been featured in several nature documentaries. Extensive footage can be found in an Asia Geographic documentary The Littlest Rhino. Natural History New Zealand showed footage of a Sumatran rhino, shot by freelance Indonesian-based cameraman Alain Compost, in the 2001 documentary The Forgotten Rhino, which featured mainly Javan and Indian rhinos.[45][46]

Though documented by droppings and tracks, pictures of the Bornean Rhinoceros were first taken and widely distributed by modern conservationists in April 2006 when camera traps photographed a healthy alt in the jungles of Sabah in Malaysian Borneo.[47] On April 24, 2007 it was announced that cameras had captured the first ever video footage of a wild Bornean Rhino. The night-time footage showed the rhino eating, peering through jungle foliage, and sniffing the film equipment. The World Wildlife Fund which took the video has used it in efforts to convince local governments to turn the area into a rhino conservation zone.[48][49]

A number of folk tales about the Sumatran Rhino were collected by colonial naturalists and hunters from the mid 1800s to early 1900s. In Burma, the belief was once widespread that the Sumatran Rhino ate fire. Tales described the fire-eating rhino following smoke to its source, especially camp-fires, and then attacking the camp. There was also a Burmese belief that the best time to hunt was every July when the Sumatran Rhinos would congregate beneath the full moon. In Malaya it was said that the rhino's horn was hollow and could be used as a sort of hose for breathing air and squirting water. In Malaya and Sumatra it was once believed that the rhino shed its horn every year and buried it under the ground. In Borneo, the rhino was said to have a strange carnivorous practice: after defecating in a stream it would turn around and eat fish that had been stupefied by the excrement.

B. 老虎英語怎麼說

老虎的英文是tiger，音標是英 #712ta#618g#601r 美 #712ta#618ɡ#602 tiger n老虎各種貓科動物凶惡的人，虎狼之徒 短語1Sumatran tiger 蘇門答臘虎 蘇門答臘老虎 2Malayan；為了鼓勵大家學習英語，下期見中文版本歡迎上傳配圖稿件 老虎不老 送福到家 紙本彩墨In traditional Chinese culture， the tiger。
1老虎的英語是tiger，英音 #712ta#618ɡ#601r ， 美音#712ta#618ɡ#601r2例句1Shell fight like a tiger to protect her children 她為了保護孩子，可以凶得像只老虎；老虎的英文單詞是tiger，讀音是英 #712ta#618ɡ#601r 美 #712ta#618ɡ#601r 1釋義n虎老虎2復數形式tigers3例句he tiger belongs to the cat family翻譯老虎。
老虎的英語是tiger，具體釋義如下讀音#712ta#618ɡ#601r表達意思老虎凶暴的人詞性通常在句中作名詞，作為主語或賓語固定搭配paper tiger紙老虎 外強中干 紙山君 台灣司法史上最唬爛；裡面那隻老虎的名字，竟然叫「Shere Khan」我們聽聽它的英式 謝侃英語怎麼說系列干貨 電影長津湖的英文名為啥是這個。
老虎是典型的山地林棲動物，如今老虎的種類數量急劇下降需要得到保護，那麼你知道老虎用英語怎麼說嗎？下面跟我一起學習老虎的英語知識吧老虎英語說法 tiger 老虎的相關 短語 老虎樂隊 The Tigers 老虎基金 Tiger Man。
在美國口語中，tiger還可表示「歡呼三聲之後的高呼聲」tiger的復數形式是tiger或tigers，與其相對應的陰性名詞為tigress雙語例句The tiger is a representative of the cat family老虎是貓科動物的典型英語翻譯技巧第；一老虎英語是tiger，音標英 #712ta#618g#601r美 #712ta#618ɡ#602二釋義n老虎各種貓科動物凶惡的人，虎狼之徒 With the capture of the escaped tiger， everyone felt。

紙老虎講解雖然 paper tiger 這個表達是直接從中文中直譯過來的 它們用英文怎麼說？1 心有猛虎，細嗅薔薇2 江山易改，本性難；節日英語虎年說虎一「虎年」的英文怎麼說？節日英 老虎的象徵意義老虎在中國代表著吉祥，是權力威嚴的像證，與中。
龍湖的英文tiger 英 #712ta#618g#601r 美 #712ta#618ɡ#602n老虎各種貓科動物凶惡的人，虎狼之徒 1Either kill the tiger or be killed by him one way or the other或者。

C. 鄭和下西洋的英文資料

鄭和下西洋的英文資料如下：

Zheng He's voyage to the West was a voyage between Yongle and Xuande in Ming Dynasty. The first voyage started in Yongle three years (1405), and the last voyage ended in Xuande eight years (1433), totaling seven times.

Because the mission was being made by Zheng He, and the fleet sailed to the west of Borneo.

On the seven voyage, Zheng He, the three treasures eunuch, led the fleet from the point of departure to the port of Liu Jia Gang, and to the port of Taiping port.

The Western Pacific Ocean and Yang Yang visited more than 30 countries and regions, including Java, Sumatra, Su Lu, Peng Heng, Zhen La, Gu Li, Kun, bang Ge Luo, Kun, Tian Fang, Zuo FA Er, Wu. Rumus, Mugu Dushu and other places are known to reach East Africa and the Red Sea as far as possible.

Zheng He's voyage to the west is the largest and longest sailing voyage in China in ancient times. It is also the largest maritime exploration in the history of the world before the voyage in the late fifteenth Century.

However, there are still disputes about the historical facts of Zheng He's fleet, such as its purpose and scope of navigation, and its evaluation of the seven voyages.

翻譯：

鄭和下西洋是明代永樂、宣德年間的一場海上遠航活動，首次航行始於永樂三年（1405年），末次航行結束於宣德八年（1433年），共計七次。由於使團正使由鄭和擔任，且船隊航行至婆羅洲以西洋面。

在七次航行中，三寶太監鄭和率領船隊從南京出發，在江蘇太倉的劉家港集結，至福建福州長樂太平港駐泊伺風開洋 ，遠航西太平洋和印度洋拜訪了30多個國家和地區，其中包括爪哇、蘇門答臘、蘇祿、彭亨、真臘、古里、暹羅、榜葛剌、阿丹、天方、左法爾、忽魯謨斯、木骨都束等地，目前已知最遠到達東非、紅海。

鄭和下西洋是中國古代規模最大、船隻和海員最多、時間最久的海上航行，也是15世紀末歐洲的地理大發現的航行以前世界歷史上規模最大的一系列海上探險。然而，關於鄭和船隊的航海目的、航行范圍等史實以及對七次航行的評價，仍存在爭議。

(3)蘇門答臘人英語怎麼說及英文翻譯擴展閱讀：

鄭和：

鄭和（1371年 - 1433年 ），回族， 本姓馬，為明成祖朱棣賜姓鄭，世稱「三保太監又作「三寶太監」，雲南昆陽州人。明朝太監，航海家、外交家。

鄭和年輕時從侍燕王朱棣，有智略，知兵習戰。後在靖難之役中有功，升任為內官監太監。1405年（永樂三年）至1424年（永樂二十二年），鄭和六次作為正使太監下西洋。

1425年（洪熙元年）後，鄭和任南京守備太監，1430年（宣德五年）受命第七次下西洋，一說在途中於1433年（宣德八年）卒於古里國，今南京牛首山南麓鄭和墓或為其衣冠冢。

鄭和下西洋，是15世紀初葉世界航海史上的空前壯舉，對中外經濟、文化交往起到了積極作用；

鄭和本人，也在這一歷史事件中展現出其外交才能、軍事謀略以及精神品質，並贏得世人的尊重和紀念。晚清以降，鄭和研究獲得迅速發展，但不少重要課題仍無定論。

參考資料來源：網路-鄭和下西洋

參考資料來源：網路-鄭和