刃口載荷英語怎麼說及英文翻譯

⑴ 求模具中英文翻譯，謝謝！

我也不是很懂英文，我用翻譯軟體翻的，你參考下：
Through hole

The technical requirements

Unmarked tolerance by GB/T1804-M

Not note shape chamfer C1-C1.5, not C1 injection orifice chamfering

M hole unmarked unmarked tolerance -0.2, PIN hole unmarked tolerance -0.02

Blade surface does not allow the chamfer, the edge and a proct contact surfaces should be polished R0.8

Heat treatment of 58-62 HRC

The positioning pin hole

In the corresponding position of engraving, and number of

Unmarked dimensions and tolerances of the procurement according to the standard

Did not note the size according to 3D proction

⑵ 哪位好心人幫我用英文翻譯一下 謝謝

This design for the connection of the gasket with cold stamping design, according to design the size of the parts, materials, such as mass proction requirements, the first part manufacturability analysis, to determine the blanking process scheme and die structure scheme, and then through the process design and calculation, determine the layout and cutting board, calculate impact pressure and pressure center, primary press, calculate convex and concave die hole size and tolerance, and in the end the design selection of parts and components, to press for check, drawing die assembly drawing, as well as to mould the major parts of the processing procere for preparation. In the structure design, mainly to the punch and die and punch, die, positioning parts, discharge and end a device, formwork, stamping equipment, fasteners and so on design, for some parts choose standard ?
摘要
本設計為連接墊片的冷沖壓設計，根據設計零件的尺寸、材料、批量生產等要求，首先分析零件的工藝性，確定沖裁工藝方案及模具結構方案，然後通過工藝設計計算，確定排樣和裁板，計算沖壓力和壓力中心，初選壓力機，計算凸、凹模刃口尺寸和公差，最後設計選用零、部件，對壓力機進行校核，繪制模具總裝草圖，以及對模具主要零件的加工工藝規程進行編制。其中在結構設計中，主要對凸模、凹模、凸凹模、定位零件、卸料與頂出件裝置、模架、沖壓設備、緊固件等進行設計，對於部分零件選用的是標准件，就沒深入設計，並且在結構設計的同時，對部分零件進行加工工藝分析，最終才完成這篇畢業設計，
關鍵詞：模具；沖裁件；凸模；凹模；凸凹模；

⑶ 求一篇英文文章及其中文翻譯。。

Introction of Machining

Have a shape as a processing method, all machining process for the proction of the most commonly used and most important method. Machining process is a process generated shape, in this process, Drivers device on the workpiece material to be in the form of chip removal. Although in some occasions, the workpiece under no circumstances, the use of mobile equipment to the processing, However, the majority of the machining is not only supporting the workpiece also supporting tools and equipment to complete.
Machining know the process has two aspects. Small group of low-cost proction. For casting, forging and machining pressure, every proction of a specific shape of the workpiece, even a spare parts, almost have to spend the high cost of processing. Welding to rely on the shape of the structure, to a large extent, depend on effective in the form of raw materials. In general, through the use of expensive equipment and without special processing conditions, can be almost any type of raw materials, mechanical processing to convert the raw materials processed into the arbitrary shape of the structure, as long as the external dimensions large enough, it is possible. Because of a proction of spare parts, even when the parts and structure of the proction batch sizes are suitable for the original casting, Forging or pressure processing to proce, but usually prefer machining.
Strict precision and good surface finish, Machining the second purpose is the establishment of the high precision and surface finish possible on the basis of. Many parts, if any other means of proction belonging to the large-scale proction, Well Machining is a low-tolerance and can meet the requirements of small batch proction. Besides, many parts on the proction and processing of coarse process to improve its general shape of the surface. It is only necessary precision and choose only the surface machining. For instance, thread, in addition to mechanical processing, almost no other processing method for processing. Another example is the blacksmith pieces keyhole processing, as well as training to be concted immediately after the mechanical completion of the processing.
Primary Cutting Parameters
Cutting the work piece and tool based on the basic relationship between the following four elements to fully describe : the tool geometry, cutting speed, feed rate, depth and penetration of a cutting tool.
Cutting Tools must be of a suitable material to manufacture, it must be strong, tough, hard and wear-resistant. Tool geometry -- to the tip plane and cutter angle characteristics -- for each cutting process must be correct.
Cutting speed is the cutting edge of work piece surface rate, it is inches per minute to show. In order to effectively processing, and cutting speed must adapt to the level of specific parts -- with knives. Generally, the more hard work piece material, the lower the rate.
Progressive Tool to speed is cut into the work piece speed. If the work piece or tool for rotating movement, feed rate per round over the number of inches to the measurement. When the work piece or tool for reciprocating movement and feed rate on each trip through the measurement of inches. Generally, in other conditions, feed rate and cutting speed is inversely proportional to。
Depth of penetration of a cutting tool -- to inches dollars -- is the tool to the work piece distance. Rotary cutting it to the chip or equal to the width of the linear cutting chip thickness. Rough than finishing, deeper penetration of a cutting tool depth.
Wears of Cutting Tool
We already have been processed and the rattle of the countless cracks edge tool, we learn that tool wear are basically three forms : flank wear, the former flank wear and V-Notch wear. Flank wear occurred in both the main blade occurred vice blade. On the main blade, shoulder removed because most metal chip mandate, which resulted in an increase cutting force and cutting temperature increase, If not allowed to check, That could lead to the work piece and the tool vibration and provide for efficient cutting conditions may no longer exist. Vice-bladed on, it is determined work piece dimensions and surface finish. Flank wear size of the possible failure of the proct and surface finish are also inferior. In most actual cutting conditions, as the principal in the former first deputy flank before flank wear, wear arrival enough, Tool will be effective, the results are made unqualified parts.
As Tool stress on the surface uneven, chip and flank before sliding contact zone between stress, in sliding contact the start of the largest, and in contact with the tail of zero, so abrasive wear in the region occurred. This is because the card cutting edge than the nearby settlements near the more serious wear, and bladed chip e to the vicinity of the former flank and lost contact wear lighter. This results from a certain distance from the cutting edge of the surface formed before the knife point Ma pit, which is usually considered before wear. Under normal circumstances, this is wear cross-sectional shape of an arc. In many instances and for the actual cutting conditions, the former flank wear compared to flank wear light, Therefore flank wear more generally as a tool failure of scale signs. But because many authors have said in the cutting speed of the increase, Maeto surface temperature than the knife surface temperatures have risen faster. but because any form of wear rate is essentially temperature changes by the significant impact. Therefore, the former usually wear in high-speed cutting happen.
The main tool flank wear the tail is not processed with the work piece surface in contact, Therefore flank wear than wear along with the ends more visible, which is the most common. This is because the local effect, which is as rough on the surface has hardened layer, This effect is by cutting in front of the hardening of the work piece. Not just cutting, and as oxidation skin, the blade local high temperature will also cause this effect. This partial wear normally referred to as pit sexual wear, but occasionally it is very serious. Despite the emergence of the pits on the Cutting Tool nature is not meaningful impact, but often pits graally become darker If cutting continued the case, then there cutter fracture crisis.
If any form of sexual allowed to wear, eventually wear rate increase obviously will be a tool to destroy failure destruction, that will no longer tool for cutting, cause the work piece scrapped, it is good, can cause serious damage machine. For various carbide cutting tools and for the various types of wear, in the event of a serious lapse, on the tool that has reached the end of the life cycle. But for various high-speed steel cutting tools and wear belonging to the non-uniformity of wear, has been found : When the wear and even to allow for a serious lapse, the most meaningful is that the tool can re-mill use, of course, In practice, cutting the time to use than the short time lapse. Several phenomena are one tool serious lapse began features : the most common is the sudden increase cutting force, appeared on the work piece burning ring patterns and an increase in noise.
The Effect of Changes in Cutting Parameters on Cutting Temperatures
In metal cutting operations heat is generated in the primary and secondary deformation zones and this results in a complex temperature distribution throughout the tool, workpiece and chip. A typical set of isotherms is shown in figure where it can be seen that, as could be expected, there is a very large temperature gradient throughout the width of the chip as the workpiece material is sheared in primary deformation and there is a further large temperature in the chip adjacent to the face as the chip is sheared in secondary deformation. This leads to a maximum cutting temperature a short distance up the face from the cutting edge and a small distance into the chip.
Since virtually all the work done in metal cutting is converted into heat, it could be expected that factors which increase the power consumed per unit volume of metal removed will increase the cutting temperature. Thus an increase in the rake angle, all other parameters remaining constant, will rece the power per unit volume of metal removed and cutting temperatures will rece. When considering increase in undeformed chip thickness and cutting speed the situation is more comples. An increase in undeformed chip thickness and cutting speed the situation is more complex. An increase in undeformed chip thickness tends to be a scale effect where the amounts of heat which pass to the workpiece, the tool and chip remain in fixed proportions and the changes in cutting temperature tend to be small. Increase in cutting speed, however, rece the amount of heat which passes into the workpiece and this increase the temperature rise of the chip in primary deformation. Further, the secondary deformation zone tends to be smaller and this has the effect of increasing the temperatures in this zone. Other changes in cutting parameters have virtually no effect on the power consumed per unit volume of metal removed and consequently have virtually no effect on the power consumed per unit volume of metal removed and consequently have virtually no effect on the cutting temperatures. Since it has been shown that even small changes in cutting temperature have a significant effect on tool wear rate, it is appropriate to indicate how cutting temperatures can be assessed from cutting data.
The most direct and accurate method for measuring temperatures in high-speed-steel cutting tools is that of Wright&Trent which also yields detailed information on temperature distributions in high-speed-steel tools which relates microstructural changes to thermal history.
Trent has described measurements of cutting temperatures and temperature distributions for high-speed-steel tools when machining a wide range of workpiece materials. This technique has been further developed by using scanning electron micros to study fine-scale microstructural changes srising from over tempering of the tempered martensitic matrix of various high-speed-steels. This technique has also been used to study temperature distributions in both high-speed-steel single point turning tools and twist drills.
Automatic Fixture Design
Assembly equipment used in the traditional synchronous fixture put parts of the fixture mobile center, to ensure that components from transmission from the plane or equipment plate placed after removal has been scheled for position. However, in certain applications, mobile mandatory parts of the center line, it may cause parts or equipment damage. When parts vulnerability and may lead to a small vibration abandoned, or when their location is by machine spindle or specific to die, Tolerance again or when the request is a sophisticated, it would rather let the fixture to adapt to the location of parts, and not the contrary. For these tasks, Elyria, Ohio, the company has developed Zaytran a general non-functional data synchronization West category FLEXIBILITY fixture. Fixture because of the interaction and synchronization devices is independent, The synchronous device can use sophisticated equipment to replace the slip without affecting the fixture force. Fixture specification range from 0.2 inches itinerary, 5 pounds clamping force of the six-inch trip, 400-inch clamping force.
The characteristics of modern proction is becoming smaller and smaller quantities and proct specifications biggest changes. Therefore, in the final stages of proction, assembly of proction, quantity and proct design changes appear to be particularly vulnerable. This situation is forcing many companies to make greater efforts to rationalize the extensive reform and the previously mentioned case of assembly automation. Despite flexible fixture behind the rapid development of flexible transport and handling devices, such as backward in the development of instrial robots, it is still expected to increase the flexibility fixture. In fact the important fixture devices -- the proction of the devices to strengthen investment on the fixture so that more flexibility in economic support holders.
According to their flexibility and fixture can be divided into : special fixture, the fixture combinations, the standard fixture, high flexible fixture. Flexible fixture on different parts of their high adaptability and the few low-cost replacement for the characteristic.
Forms can transform the structure of the flexible fixture can be installed with the change of structure components (such as needle cheek plate, Multi-chip components and flake cheek plate), a non-standard work piece gripper or clamping elements (for example : commencement standard with a clamping fixture and mobile components fixture supporting documents), or with ceramic or hardening of the intermediary substances (such as : Mobile particle bed fixture and heat fixture tight fixture). To proction, the parts were secured fixture, the need to generate clamping function, its fixture with a few unrelated to the sexual submissive steps :
According to the processing was part of that foundation and working characteristics to determine the work piece fixture in the required position, then need to select some stability flat combination, These constitute a stable plane was fixed in the work piece fixture set position on the clamp-profile structure, all balanced and torque, it has also ensured that the work features close to the work piece. Finally, it must be calculated and adjusted, assembly or disassembly be standard fixture components required for the position, so that the work piece firmly by clamping fixture in China. In accordance with this procere, the outline fixture structure and equipped with the planning and recording process can be automated control.
Structural modeling task is to proce some stable flat combination, Thus, these plane of the work pieces clamping force and will fixture stability. According to usual practice, this task can be human-machine dialogue that is almost completely automated way to completion. A man-machine dialogue that is automated fixture structure modeling to determine the merits can be concted in an organized and planning fixture design, rece the amount of the design, shortening the study period and better distribution of work conditions. In short, can be successfully achieved significantly improve fixture efficiency and effectiveness.
Fully prepared to structure programs and the number of material circumstances, the completion of the first successful assembly can save up to 60% of the time.
Therefore fixture process modeling agencies is the purpose of the program have appropriate documents.

加工基礎

作為產生形狀的一種加工方法，機械加工是所有製造過程中最普遍使用的而且是最重要的方法。機械加工過程是一個產生形狀的過程，在這過程中，驅動裝置使工件上的一些材料以切屑的形式被去除。盡管在某些場合，工件無承受情況下，使用移動式裝備來實現加工，但大多數的機械加工是通過既支承工件又支承刀具的裝備來完成。
機械加工在知道過程中具備兩方面。小批生產低費用。對於鑄造、鍛造和壓力加工，每一個要生產的具體工件形狀，即使是一個零件，幾乎都要花費高額的加工費用。靠焊接來產生的結構形狀，在很大程度上取決於有效的原材料的形式。一般來說，通過利用貴重設備而又無需特種加工條件下，幾乎可以以任何種類原材料開始，藉助機械加工把原材料加工成任意所需要的結構形狀，只要外部尺寸足夠大，那都是可能的。因此對於生產一個零件，甚至當零件結構及要生產的批量大小上按原來都適於用鑄造、鍛造或者壓力加工來生產的，但通常寧可選擇機械加工。
嚴密的精度和良好的表面光潔度，機械加工的第二方面用途是建立在高精度和可能的表面光潔度基礎上。許多零件，如果用別的其他方法來生產屬於大批量生產的話，那麼在機械加工中則是屬於低公差且又能滿足要求的小批量生產了。另方面，許多零件靠較粗的生產加工工藝提高其一般表面形狀，而僅僅是在需要高精度的且選擇過的表面才進行機械加工。例如內螺紋，除了機械加工之外，幾乎沒有別的加工方法能進行加工。又如已鍛工件上的小孔加工，也是被鍛後緊接著進行機械加工才完成的。
基本的機械加工參數
切削中工件與刀具的基本關系是以以下四個要素來充分描述的：刀具的幾何形狀，切削速度，進給速度，和吃刀深度。
切削刀具必須用一種合適的材料來製造，它必須是強固、韌性好、堅硬而且耐磨的。刀具的幾何形狀——以刀尖平面和刀具角為特徵——對於每一種切削工藝都必須是正確的。
切削速度是切削刃通過工件表面的速率，它是以每分鍾英寸來表示。為了有效地加工，切削速度高低必須適應特定的工件——刀具配合。一般來說，工件材料越硬，速度越低。
進給速度是刀具切進工件的速度。若工件或刀具作旋轉運動，進給量是以每轉轉過的英寸數目來度量的。當刀具或工件作往復運動時，進給量是以每一行程走過的英寸數度量的。一般來說，在其他條件相同時，進給量與切削速度成反比。
吃刀深度——以英寸計——是刀具進入工件的距離。它等於旋削中的切屑寬度或者等於線性切削中的切屑的厚度。粗加工比起精加工來，吃刀深度較深。
切削參數的改變對切削溫度的影響
金屬切削操作中，熱是在主變形區和副變形區發生的。這結果導致復雜的溫度分布遍及刀具、工件和切屑。圖中顯示了一組典型等溫曲線，從中可以看出：像所能預料的那樣，當工件材料在主變形區被切削時，沿著整個切屑的寬度上有著很大的溫度梯度，而當在副變形區，切屑被切落時，切屑附近的前刀面上就有更高的溫度。這導致了前刀面和切屑離切削刃很近的地方切削溫度較高。
實質上由於在金屬切削中所做的全部功能都被轉化為熱，那就可以預料：被切離金屬的單位體積功率消耗曾家的這些因素就將使切削溫度升高。這樣刀具前角的增加而所有其他參數不變時，將使切離金屬的單位體積所耗功率減小，因而切削溫度也將降低。當考慮到未變形切屑厚度增加和切削速度，這情形就更是復雜。未變形切屑厚度的增加趨勢必導致通過工件的熱的總數上產生比例效應，刀具和切屑仍保持著固定的比例，而切削溫度變化傾向於降低。然而切削速度的增加，傳導到工件上的熱的數量減少而這又增加主變形區中的切屑溫升。進而副變形區勢必更小，這將在該區內產生升溫效應。其他切削參數的變化，實質上對於被切離的單位體積消耗上並沒有什麼影響，因此實際上對切削溫度沒有什麼作用。因為事實已經表明：切削溫度即使有小小的變化對刀具磨損率都將有實質意義的影響作用。這表明如何人從切削參數來確定切削溫度那是很合適的。
為著測定高速鋼刀具溫度的最直接和最精確的方法是W&T法，這方法也就是可提供高速鋼刀具溫度分布的詳細信息的方法。該項技術是建立在高速鋼刀具截面金相顯微測試基礎上，目的是要建立顯微結構變化與熱變化規律圖線關系式。當要加工廣泛的工件材料時，Trent已經論述過測定高速鋼刀具的切削溫度及溫度分布的方法。這項技術由於利用電子顯微掃描技術已經進一步發展，目的是要研究將已回過火和各種馬氏體結構的高速鋼再回火引起的微觀顯微結構變化情況。這項技術亦用於研究高速鋼單點車刀和麻花鑽的溫度分布。
刀具磨損
從已經被處理過的無數脆裂和刃口裂紋的刀具中可知，刀具磨損基本上有三種形式：後刀面磨損，前刀面磨損和V型凹口磨損。後刀面磨損既發生在主刀刃上也發生副刀刃上。關於主刀刃，因其擔負切除大部金屬切屑任務，這就導致增加切削力和提高切削溫度，如果聽任而不加以檢查處理，那可能導致刀具和工件發生振動且使有效切削的條件可能不再存在。關於副刀刃，那是決定著工件的尺寸和表面光潔度的，後刀面磨損可能造成尺寸不合格的產品而且表面光潔度也差。在大多數實際切削條件下，由於主前刀面先於副前刀面磨損，磨損到達足夠大時，刀具將實效，結果是製成不合格零件。
由於刀具表面上的應力分布不均勻，切屑和前刀面之間滑動接觸區應力，在滑動接觸區的起始處最大，而在接觸區的尾部為零，這樣磨蝕性磨損在這個區域發生了。這是因為在切削卡住區附近比刀刃附近發生更嚴重的磨損，而刀刃附近因切屑與前刀面失去接觸而磨損較輕。這結果離切削刃一定距離處的前刀面上形成麻點凹坑，這些通常被認為是前刀面的磨損。通常情況下，這磨損橫斷面是圓弧形的。在許多情況中和對於實際的切削狀況而言，前刀面磨損比起後刀面磨損要輕，因此後刀面磨損更普遍地作為刀具失效的尺度標志。然而因許多作者已經表示過的那樣在增加切削速度情況下，前刀面上的溫度比後刀面上的溫度升得更快，而且又因任何形式的磨損率實質上是受到溫度變化的重大影響。因此前刀面的磨損通常在高速切削時發生的。

⑷ 3.peaks這是一把日本產的尖嘴鉗上的英文.誰翻譯一下英文的意思.BBTJAPAN又是什麼意思

3peaks指的是這款尖嘴鉗具有三個尖峰，即三個不同用途的刃口。鉗子頭部的一個尖端用於簽字或者整體握持，中間部分則用來剝去電線的外皮。而鉗子背面的部分，正是您之前提到的，是由日本鋼材製成的。

⑸ 求機械專業術語的解釋及英文翻譯

1）電化學腐蝕 electrochemical corrosion
電化學腐蝕就是金屬和電解質組成兩個電極，組成腐蝕原電池。
2）車架 automotive chassis
車架是跨接在汽車前後車橋上的框架式結構，俗稱大梁，是汽車的基體。
3）懸架 suspension
懸架是汽車的車架（或承載式車身）與車橋（或車輪）之間的一切傳力連接裝置的總稱，其作用是傳遞作用在車輪和車架之間的力和力扭，並且緩沖由不平路面傳給車架或車身的沖擊力，並減少由此引起的震動，以保證汽車能平順地行駛。
4） 轉向器 redirector
轉向器的作用是把來自轉向盤的轉向力矩和轉向角進行適當的變換（主要是減速增矩），再輸出給轉向拉桿機構，從而使汽車轉向，所以轉向器本質上就是減速傳動裝置。
5）變速器 speed changer
變速器是用來改變來自發動機的轉速和轉矩的機構，它能固定或分檔改變輸出軸和輸入軸傳動比，又稱變速箱。
6）板料沖壓 sheet metal parts
板料沖壓是利用沖模，使板料產生分離或變形的加工方法。因多數情況下板料無須加熱，故稱冷沖壓，又簡稱冷沖或沖壓。
7）孔加工 spot facing machining
孔加工一般分為鑽孔，鉸孔，擴孔，鏜孔，拉孔。 機床上對孔的加工可以用鑽頭、鏜刀、擴孔鑽頭、鉸刀、拉刀進行鑽孔、鏜孔、擴孔、鉸孔和拉孔。
8） 剛度 rigidity
剛度是指材料或結構在受力時抵抗彈性變形的能力。是材料或結構彈性變形難易程度的表徵。
9）標准件 standard component
標准件是指結構、尺寸、畫法、標記等各個方面已經完全標准化，並由專業廠生產的常用的零（部）件，如螺紋件、鍵、銷、滾動軸承等等。
10） 脆性材料 brittleness material
在外力作用下（如拉伸、 沖擊等）僅產生很小的變形即破壞斷裂的材料。脆性材料在外力作用下（如拉伸、 沖擊等）僅產生很小的變形即破壞斷裂的性質。
11）墊圈 washer
指墊在被連接件與螺母之間的零件。一般為扁平形的金屬環，用來保護被連接件的表面不受螺母擦傷，分散螺母對被連接件的壓力。
12） 塑性變形 plastic distortion
塑性變形是物質-包括流體及固體在一定的條件下，在外力的作用下產生形變，當施加的外力撤除或消失後該物體不能恢復原狀的一種物理現象。

⑹ 樣沖用英語怎麼說

樣沖_網路翻譯
樣沖
[詞典] [機] anvil;
[例句]級進模自動排樣沖切刃版口設計
Blanking Edge Design of Progressive Die Strip Layout System
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