中世紀用英語怎麼翻譯

⑴ 誰有高中英語選修六unit 1課文a short history of western painting的中文翻譯

選修六Unit1 A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING
西方繪畫藝術簡史
Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people. 藝術是受著人民生活習俗和信仰的影響的。 Styles in Western art have changed many times. 西方的藝術風格經歷了多次變革。 As there are so many different styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text. 由於西方的藝術風格多種多樣，在短短的一篇課文里不可能進行全面的描述。Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones, starting from the sixth century AD.
因此,本文只談及從公元6世紀以來最主要的幾種藝術風格。
The Middle Ages (5th to the 15th century AD) 中世紀(公元5世紀到15世紀)
During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes. 在中世紀,畫家的主要任務是把宗教的主題表現出來。 A conventional artist of this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were. 一個傳統的藝術家無意於如實地展現自然和人物。A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created a feeling of respect and love for God. 那個時期的典型的繪畫充滿了宗教的(象)特徵,體現出了對上帝的愛戴與敬重。 But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way.但是,很顯然到了13世紀時,觀念發生變化,像喬托這樣的畫家開始以一種比較現實的風格來畫宗教場景。
The Renaissance (15th to 16th century) 文藝復興時期( 15世紀到16世紀)
During the Renaissance, new ideas and values graally replaced those held in the Middle Ages. 在文藝復興時期,新的思想和價值觀逐漸取代了中世紀的思想和價值觀。 People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life. 人們開始較少關注宗教主題而採取一種更人性化的生活態度。 At the same time painters returned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art. 同時畫家們回到了羅馬、希臘的古典藝術理念上。 They tried to paint people and nature as they really were. 他們力爭如實地畫出人物和自然。Rich people wanted to possess their own paintings, so they could decorate their superb palaces and great houses. 富人們想擁有自己的藝術品並用來裝飾自己的高級宮殿和豪宅They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves, their houses and possessions as well as their activities and achievements.,他們出價聘請著名藝術家來為自己畫像,畫自己的房屋和其他財物,以及他們的活動和成就。
One of the most important discoveries ring this period was how to draw things in perspective. 在此期間,最重要的發現之一就是如何用透視法來畫出事物。 This technique was first used by Masaccio in 1428. 這一手法是1428年由馬賽其奧第一次使用的。When people first saw his paintings, they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene. 當人們第一次看到他的畫時,還以為是透過牆上的小洞來觀看真實的場景,並對此深信不疑。If the rules of perspective had not been discovered, no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures. 如沒有發現透視法,人們就不可能畫出如此逼真的畫。 By coincidence, oil paints were also developed at this time, which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper. 巧合的是這一時期油畫顏料也得到了發展,它使得繪畫的色彩看上去更豐富、更深沉。 Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous. 沒有新的顏料和新的(繪畫)手法,我們就不能看到很多使這一時代著名的傑作。
Impressionism (late 19th to early 20th century)
印象派時期( 19世紀後期到20世紀初期)
In the late 19th century, Europe changed a great deal from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly instrial one. 19世紀後期,歐洲發生了巨大的變化,從以農業為主的社會變成了以工業為主的社會。Many people moved from the countryside to the new cities. 許多人從農村遷入到新城市。There were many new inventions and social changes. 有著許多新發明,還有許多社會變革。Naturally, these changes also led to new painting styles. 這些變革也自然而然地促成了新的繪畫風格。Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who lived and worked in Paris.在那些突破傳統畫法的畫家中有生活和工作在法國巴黎的印象派畫家。
The Impressionists were the first painters to work outdoors. 印象派畫家是第一批室外寫景的畫家。They were eager to show how light and shadow fell on objects at different times of day. 他們急切地想把一天中不同時間投射到物體上的光線和陰影呈現出來。However, because natural light changes so quickly, the Impressionists had to paint quickly. 然而由於自然光的變化很快,印象派畫家們必須很快地作畫,Their paintings were not as detailed as those of earlier painters. 因此,他們的畫就不像以前那些畫家們的畫那樣細致了。 At first, many people disliked this style of painting and became very angry about it. 起初,許多人都不喜歡這種畫法,甚至還怒不可遏。They said that the painters were careless and their paintings were ridiculous.他們說這些畫家作畫時漫不經心、粗枝大葉,而他們的作品更是荒謬可笑。
Modern Art (20th century to today) 現代藝術(20世紀至今)
At the time they were created, the Impressionist paintings were controversial, but today they are accepted as the beginning of what we call "modern art".在印象派作品的創建初期,它們是存在著爭議的,但是如今己被人們接受而成為現在我們所說的「現代藝術」的始祖了。This is because the Impressionists encouraged artists to look at their environment in new ways. 這是因為印象派鼓勵畫家用一種嶄新的視角看待他們的環境。There are scores of modern art styles, but without the Impressionists, many of these painting styles might not exist. 如今,現代藝術風格有好幾十種,然而如果沒有印象派,那麼這許多不同的風格就不可能存在。 On the one hand, some modern art is abstract; that is, the painter does not attempt to paint objects as we see them with our eyes, but instead concentrates on certain qualities of the object, using colour, line and shape to represent them. 一方面,有些現代藝術是抽象的,也就是說,畫家並不打算把我們眼睛看到的東西如實地畫出來,而是集中展現物體的某些品質特性,用色彩、線條和形狀把它們呈現出來。On the other hand, some paintings of modern art are so realistic that they look like photographs. 而另一方面,有些現代派的藝術作品卻是那麼寫實,看上去就像是照片。These styles are so different.這些風格如此不同。Who can predict what painting styles there will be in the future?誰能預言將來會有什麼樣的繪畫藝術風格?

⑵ 英語in medieval times怎麼翻譯

英語 in medieval times 翻譯為中文意思是在中世紀。例如，In medieval times, a lance couched under the rider's arm, unifying the force of rider and weapon, would throw its wielder backwards off the horse at impact. 在中世紀，一把長矛被放在騎手的臂膀下，以統一騎手和武器的力量，一旦受到沖擊，持兵器者就會向後摔下馬去。